Multifunctional sampling device and method for rock and soil exploration

Abstract

The multifunctional sampling device comprises a sampling barrel, an auxiliary barrel with the same diameter as the sampling barrel is arranged at the upper end of the sampling barrel, a driving unit and a fixing unit are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary barrel from bottom to top, and a collecting unit is mounted on the inner wall of the sampling barrel; the problems that in the rock-soil sampling process in the prior art, rock-soil at different diameters of a hole cannot be sampled, rock-soil on the surface layer of the inner wall of the hole cannot be removed, samples at different positions of the hole cannot be collected at a time, the sampling time is prolonged, the sampling efficiency is reduced, and the sampling time is shortened can be solved. The cost is increased; the angles of the limiting blocks with different heights are adjusted through the limiting rod, sampling of rock and soil samples with different depths and diameters is achieved, the sampling frequency of the same hole is reduced, the sampling requirements of different rock and soil samples are met, the multifunctionality and flexibility of the device are improved, the sampling time is shortened, and the sampling cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical exploration technology, and in particular to a multifunctional sampling device and method for geotechnical exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Sampling in geotechnical exploration is a crucial step in geological investigation. It involves collecting soil, rock, or other geological materials from underground for laboratory analysis or field testing. This process is essential for assessing geological conditions, determining the properties of soil and rock, and providing necessary parameters for engineering design. Sampling plays a vital role in geotechnical exploration, directly affecting the accuracy and reliability of the exploration results and having a profound impact on subsequent engineering design, construction, and environmental assessment.

[0003] In the prior art, a large number of sampling devices and methods for rock and soil exploration have been disclosed. For example, Chinese Patent No. CN111076968A discloses a sampling device for rock and soil exploration, which includes an outer cylinder, a rotating shaft, a cover cylinder and several tipping buckets. The side wall of the outer cylinder is symmetrically provided with tipping bucket holes, and the tipping buckets are hinged to the edge of the tipping bucket holes in an outward flipping manner. The rotating shaft is rotatably axially arranged inside the outer cylinder, and a first nut sleeve is provided inside the outer cylinder on one side of the tipping buckets. A second nut sleeve is provided inside the connecting rod.

[0004] In use, a hole is first drilled into the soil to a specified depth, with the diameter of the hole equal to the diameter of the outer cylinder. Then, the entire embodiment is inserted into the hole; or the end of the outer cylinder is connected to the drill bit and the entire embodiment is directly drilled into the soil layer to be sampled. Then, the shaft is rotated. By setting two sections of threads with opposite directions at the lower part of the shaft, the first nut sleeve and the second nut sleeve move in different opposite directions when the shaft rotates. After the cover cylinder opens the tipping hole, the tipping bucket is squeezed and flips outward to the outside of the outer cylinder, so that the edge of the tipping bucket is inserted into the hole wall of the soil layer. Then, the entire assembly is pressed in the opposite direction towards the hole, so that the rock and soil sample at the hole wall enters the tipping bucket. Then, the shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, so that the tipping bucket is squeezed by the cover cylinder and the sample is sheared by the edge of the cover cylinder and enters the interior of the outer cylinder.

[0005] However, the following shortcomings exist in the process of sampling soil and rock using the aforementioned existing technologies: 1. The existing technology described above cannot sample soil and rock at different diameters within the same hole during the exploration and sampling process. It requires enlarging the diameter of the hole and then using a sampling device with the same diameter as the hole to perform the sampling work. This operation is cumbersome and makes it difficult to quickly sample soil and rock at different diameters within the hole, increasing the sampling cost and reducing the sampling efficiency.

[0006] 2. When sampling soil and rock in pre-excavated holes, the contact between the hole surface and the outside environment can easily affect the soil structure. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the sample from the hole surface to avoid affecting the natural structure of the sample and thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of subsequent exploration. However, the existing technology mentioned above cannot remove the soil and rock on the inner wall of the hole, thereby reducing the sampling effect of the hole.

[0007] 3. When it is necessary to collect samples from different locations in the same hole, the same work needs to be repeated many times to complete the sampling of samples from different locations. It is impossible to collect samples from different locations in the hole at one time, which increases the sampling time, reduces the sampling efficiency, and increases the cost.

[0008] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in existing soil and rock sampling techniques. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multifunctional sampling device for geotechnical exploration, comprising a sampling bucket, an auxiliary bucket of the same diameter at the upper end of the sampling bucket, a movable pull rope at the upper end of the auxiliary bucket, a driving unit and a fixing unit arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the auxiliary bucket, a partition plate for separating the driving unit and the fixing unit on the inner wall of the auxiliary bucket, and a collection unit installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket.

[0010] The drive unit includes a bidirectional motor mounted on the inner wall of the auxiliary barrel via a mounting bracket. A controller is mounted on the bottom wall of the auxiliary barrel. The bidirectional motor and the controller are electrically connected. The fixing unit includes a square ring mounted above the partition plate. Four circumferentially distributed telescopic components are mounted on the outer wall of the square ring. The collecting unit includes a partition plate mounted on the inner wall of the sampling barrel. From top to bottom, a scraping component and a collecting component are mounted on the inner wall of the sampling barrel above the partition plate. The collecting component is located above the partition plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving unit further includes a protective barrel disposed between the auxiliary barrel and the sampling barrel. A second motor is installed on the inner wall of the protective barrel through a support frame. The second motor and the controller are electrically connected. A transmission shaft penetrating the sampling barrel is provided at the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor. The lower end of the transmission shaft rotatably passes through the bottom wall of the sampling barrel. The output shafts on the upper and lower sides of the bidirectional motor are respectively equipped with a linkage shaft and a connecting shaft. The upper end of the linkage shaft rotates through the partition plate, and the lower end of the connecting shaft rotates through the auxiliary barrel and connects to the upper end of the protective barrel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing unit further includes a rope wheel sleeved on the outer wall of the linkage shaft, a fixing rod passing through the top of the auxiliary barrel is installed on the upper end of the rope wheel, a fixing rope is provided on the upper end of the fixing rod, and a compression spring sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod is installed between the upper end of the rope wheel and the inner top wall of the auxiliary barrel.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic component includes a fixed tube disposed on the outer wall of the square ring, a sliding rod slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixed tube, the end of the sliding rod away from the square ring having a tapered structure, an anti-spring installed between the sliding rod and the square ring, a reset pull rope disposed at the end of the sliding rod near the square ring, and the end of the reset pull rope away from the fixed rod passing through the anti-spring and the square ring and then wrapped around the outer wall of the rope wheel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing unit further includes a plurality of limiting blocks disposed on the lower side of the inner wall of the rope wheel and distributed circumferentially. The lower end of the limiting block is a V-shape that gradually tilts towards the middle of the limiting block. The outer wall of the linkage shaft is provided with limiting grooves that are staggered with the limiting blocks. The distance between the tops of two adjacent limiting grooves gradually decreases from bottom to top. The outer wall of the linkage shaft is provided with a clearance groove located above the limiting groove and connected to the limiting groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scraping assembly includes a threaded disc sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft and located on the inner top wall of the sampling barrel. The outer wall of the threaded disc is in rotatable contact with the inner wall of the sampling barrel. A support ring located below the threaded disc is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft. A plurality of circumferentially distributed receiving plates are installed on the outer wall of the support ring. The outer wall of the receiving plate is connected to the inner wall of the sampling barrel. A scraping block is slidably arranged above the receiving plate. A mating rack that meshes with the threaded disc is slidably installed on the upper end of the scraping block. The scraping block has a scraping side and a cleaning side at the end away from the drive shaft. The scraping side and the cleaning side point towards and away from the rotation direction of the scraping block, respectively. The scraping side is an arc-shaped concave surface that facilitates scraping soil and rock samples, and the cleaning side is an arc-shaped convex surface that facilitates scraping away the soil and rock layer inside the pre-dug hole. The cleaning side of the scraping block is provided with scraping strips for scraping away surface soil.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a square connecting ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft between the threaded disc and the support ring. A plurality of square connecting rods, the same number as the scraping blocks, are installed on the outer wall of the square connecting ring. The end of the square connecting rod away from the transmission shaft is connected to the inner wall of the sampling barrel. Two abutting blocks are symmetrically arranged along the length direction on the side of the square connecting rod near the scraping block. A protrusion block located between the two abutting blocks is installed on the side of the rack near the square connecting rod. A spring rod is provided between the protrusion block and the two abutting blocks. A contact block is installed on the end of the two spring rods away from the protrusion block.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scraping assembly further includes a through hole opened on the side wall of the sampling barrel and corresponding to the position of the scraping block. A roller shutter plate located on the side near the scraping side of the scraping block is slidably installed between the top and bottom of the through hole. A limiting rod for limiting the scraping block is provided on the bottom wall of the through hole. A support strip for further limiting the scraping block is installed on the side of the scraping block near the square connecting rod.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the collection component includes a receiving bucket disposed on the upper end of the partition plate, and an eccentric funnel located above the receiving bucket is installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket, and the eccentric funnel is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft. The collection assembly also includes a transition plate located at the lower end of the scraping block on the scraping side. The sampling bucket has a retrieval hole on the side wall near the receiving bucket for taking out and placing the receiving bucket. A closable plate is installed in the retrieval hole.

[0019] In addition, the present invention also provides a multifunctional sampling method for rock and soil exploration, comprising the following steps: S1. Insert the device: Insert the device into the hole to be sampled by moving the pull rope; S2. Fixing device: After the device reaches the specified depth, the device is fixed to the inner wall of the hole by means of telescopic components; S3. Scraping Samples: The bidirectional motor is started by powering on the controller. The bidirectional motor drives the sampling bucket to rotate. While the sampling bucket is rotating, the scraping component scrapes the soil and rock samples from the inner wall of the hole. S4. Sample collection: Collect the scraped soil and rock samples using the collection components; S5. Remove the device: Simply pull the rope to remove the device from the hole.

[0020] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: I. This invention, through the coordinated operation of a bidirectional motor and a second motor, enables precise scraping and collection of soil and rock samples from the inner wall of a borehole. Scraping blocks of different heights can scrape at different diameters and depths, avoiding sample disturbance and mixing problems that may occur in traditional sampling methods. With the cooperation of the telescopic component and the reset rope, the device can be firmly fixed inside the borehole, ensuring the smooth progress of the sampling process, thereby improving sampling efficiency and accuracy.

[0021] Second, this invention has multiple adjustment functions. By adjusting the angle of the scraping block at different heights through the limiting rod, the device can sample soil and rock samples of different depths and diameters, and perform flexible sampling operations according to actual needs, thereby meeting the sampling requirements of different soil and rock samples and increasing the multifunctionality and flexibility of the device.

[0022] Third, by optimizing the sampling process, this invention reduces the need for repeated sampling of the same hole. Through the coordinated work of the scraping block and the collection component, it can effectively avoid the loss and disturbance of soil and rock samples, thereby shortening the sampling time. In addition, it can collect soil and rock samples of different depths and diameters at the same time, reducing the number of samplings and labor costs, improving overall work efficiency, and reducing time and costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed unit structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block and the limiting groove of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling bucket of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, which combines a rack and a scraper block.

[0030] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 A magnified view of part A.

[0031] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 6 A magnified view of section B.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point C.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling bucket of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram, 1. Sampling bucket; 2. Auxiliary bucket; 21. Moving pull rope; 3. Drive unit; 31. Bidirectional motor; 32. Controller; 33. Protective bucket; 34. Drive shaft; 35. Linkage shaft; 36. Connecting shaft; 37. Second motor; 4. Divider plate; 5. Fixing unit; 51. Square ring; 52. Telescopic assembly; 521. Fixing tube; 522. Sliding rod; 523. Contact spring; 524. Reset pull rope; 525. Limiting block; 526. Limiting groove; 527. Clearance groove; 53. Rope wheel; 54. Fixed pull rod; 55. Fixed pull rope; 56. Downward pressure spring; 6. Retrieval unit; 61. Scraping assembly; 611. Threaded disc; 612. Support ring; 613. Receiving plate; 614. Scraping block; 615. Mating rack; 616. Scraping strip; 617. Square connecting ring; 618. Square connecting rod; 619. Abutting block; 620. Protruding block; 621. Spring rod; 622. Contact block; 623. Through hole; 624. Roller shutter panel; 625. Limiting rod; 626. Support bar; 627. Limiting hole; 628. Limiting spring; 629. Sliding hole; 630. Circular rod; 631. Limiting piece; 632. Pin hole; 633. Positioning pin; 64. Collection assembly; 641. Receiving bucket; 642. Eccentric funnel; 643. Transition plate; 644. Removal hole; 645. Closing plate; 7. Spacer plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-12 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0038] This application discloses a multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration. The device is primarily used for sampling rock and soil samples from boreholes. Technically, it can scrape away surface soil and rock from the sample to be tested within the borehole, reducing the possibility of disturbance during sampling and preventing the disturbance from affecting the natural structure of the sample. Especially when samples from different depths and diameters within the borehole are needed, it can simultaneously sample samples from different depths and diameters within the same borehole, greatly increasing sampling efficiency and reducing sampling time.

[0039] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 As shown, in order to sample the soil and rock samples inside the borehole, this embodiment provides a multifunctional sampling device for soil and rock exploration, including a sampling bucket 1, an auxiliary bucket 2 with the same diameter as the sampling bucket 1, a movable pull rope 21 installed on the upper end of the auxiliary bucket 2, a driving unit 3 and a fixing unit 5 arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the auxiliary bucket 2, a partition plate 4 for separating the driving unit 3 and the fixing unit 5 on the inner wall of the auxiliary bucket 2, and a collection unit 6 installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket 1.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the drive unit 3 includes a bidirectional motor 31 mounted on the inner wall of the auxiliary barrel 2 via a mounting bracket. A controller 32 is mounted on the bottom wall of the auxiliary barrel 2. The bidirectional motor 31 and the controller 32 are electrically connected. The fixing unit 5 includes a square ring 51 mounted above the partition plate 4. Four circumferentially distributed telescopic components 52 are mounted on the outer wall of the square ring 51. The collecting unit 6 includes a partition plate 7 mounted on the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1. From top to bottom, a scraping component 61 and a collecting component 64 are mounted on the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1 above the partition plate 7. The collecting component 64 is mounted above the partition plate 7.

[0041] In practical applications, the device is first placed in the hole to be sampled, and the device is moved downward to the depth required for sampling by moving the pull rope 21. Then, the device is fixed to the inner wall of the hole by the telescopic component 52. The bidirectional motor 31 is started by the controller 32, and the bidirectional motor 31 drives the sampling bucket 1 to rotate in the forward direction. During this period, the soil and rock samples on the inner wall of the hole can be scraped by the scraping component 61. Then, the scraped soil and rock samples are collected and stored by the collection component 64.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to enable the sampling bucket 11 to rotate automatically to complete the automatic collection of soil samples, in this embodiment, the drive unit 3 also includes a protective bucket 33 disposed between the auxiliary bucket 2 and the sampling bucket 1. A second motor 37 is mounted on the inner wall of the protective bucket 33 via a support frame. The second motor 37 and the controller 32 are electrically connected. A transmission shaft 34 penetrating the sampling bucket 1 is provided at the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor 37. The lower end of the transmission shaft 34 rotatably passes through the bottom wall of the sampling bucket 1. A linkage shaft 35 and a connecting shaft 36 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31. The upper end of the linkage shaft 35 rotatably passes through the partition plate 4, and the lower end of the connecting shaft 36 rotatably passes through the auxiliary bucket 2 and connects to the upper end of the protective bucket 33. It should be noted that the protective bucket 33 can prevent the rock and soil inside the hole from falling into the second motor 37.

[0043] In practical applications, after the device is fixed to the inner wall of the hole by the telescopic component 52, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 and the second motor 37 to start. The output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 36 to rotate in the opposite direction. The connecting shaft 36 drives the protective bucket 33 and the sampling bucket 1 to rotate. After the scraping component 61 removes the rock and soil from the surface of the inner wall of the hole, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 to rotate in the forward direction. During this period, the second motor 37 always maintains forward rotation. The output shaft of the second motor 37 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate. The transmission shaft 34 controls the scraping component 61 to scrape the rock and soil sample from the inner wall of the hole.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to fix the device inside the hole to facilitate subsequent sampling of soil and rock samples, in this embodiment, the fixing unit 5 also includes a rope wheel 53 sleeved on the outer wall of the linkage shaft 35. A fixing rod 54 passing through the top of the auxiliary bucket 2 is installed on the upper end of the rope wheel 53. A fixing rope 55 is provided on the upper end of the fixing rod 54. A compression spring 56 sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod 54 is installed between the upper end of the rope wheel 53 and the inner top wall of the auxiliary bucket 2. The telescopic component 52 includes a fixing tube 521 set on the outer wall of the square ring 51. A sliding rod 522 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixing tube 521. The end of the sliding rod 522 away from the square ring 51 is tapered. An abutment spring 523 is installed between the sliding rod 522 and the square ring 51. A reset rope 524 is provided on the end of the sliding rod 522 near the square ring 51. The end of the reset rope 524 away from the fixing rod passes through the abutment spring 523 and the square ring 51 and then wraps around the outer wall of the rope wheel 53.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fixing unit 5 also includes a plurality of limiting blocks 525 disposed on the lower side of the inner wall of the rope wheel 53 and distributed circumferentially. The lower end of the limiting block 525 is a V-shape that gradually tilts towards the middle of the limiting block 525. The outer wall of the linkage shaft 35 is provided with limiting grooves 526 that are staggered with the limiting blocks 525. The distance between the tops of two adjacent limiting grooves 526 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The outer wall of the linkage shaft 35 is provided with a clearance groove 527 located above the limiting grooves 526 and connected to the limiting grooves 526.

[0046] It should be noted that the contact spring 523 always applies a contact force to the sliding rod 522 against the side wall of the auxiliary barrel 2, so that the sliding rod 522 can be smoothly inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby ensuring that the sliding rod 522 can successfully limit the device. The pressure spring 56 always applies a downward pressure to the rope wheel 53 to prevent the rope wheel 53 from failing to descend due to the reset pull rope 524, thus ensuring that the limiting block 525 can smoothly enter the limiting groove 526.

[0047] It should be further explained that before the device is in operation, the limiting block 525 is located in the limiting groove 526, so that the rope wheel 53 and the linkage shaft 35 remain relatively stationary. At this time, the reset pull rope 524 always limits the sliding rod 522, keeping the sliding rod 522 inside the auxiliary barrel 2, preventing the rope wheel 53 from rotating arbitrarily and causing the reset pull rope 524 to unwind. As a result, the sliding rod 522, without the limitation of the reset pull rope 524, extends under the action of the anti-spring 523, affecting the smooth entry of the device into the hole. The special shape between the lower end of the limiting block 525 and the two adjacent limiting grooves 526 is conducive to the rope wheel 53 moving downwards, so that the limiting block 525 can smoothly enter the limiting groove 526.

[0048] In practical applications, after the control device descends to a certain depth via the movable pull rope 21, the staff pulls the fixed pull rope 55 upwards. The fixed pull rope 55 drives the fixed pull rod 54 and the rope wheel 53 to move upwards. When the rope wheel 53 moves upwards, it drives the limiting block 525 to move upwards synchronously and gradually disengage from the limiting groove 526, releasing the limiting block 525 from limiting the rope wheel 53. At this time, the rope wheel 53 can rotate freely, so that the limiting block 525 is in the relief groove 527, thereby ensuring that the telescopic component 52 can smoothly limit the device, so as to facilitate the subsequent sampling of soil and rock samples. At this time, the sliding rod 522 quickly extends and inserts into the inner wall of the hole under the action of the contact spring 523, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the device in the hole and ensuring that the subsequent sampling of soil and rock samples can be carried out smoothly. During this period, the sliding rod 522 drives the reset pull rope 524 to move towards the inner wall of the hole, and the reset pull rope 524 drives the rope wheel 53 to rotate.

[0049] After the soil and rock samples are collected, the ground staff releases the tension on the fixing rope 55. The rope wheel 53, losing the upward tension from the fixing rope 55, moves downward under the action of the downward spring 56. As the rope wheel 53 moves downward, the limiting block 525 gradually enters the limiting groove 526. Subsequently, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 to rotate in the opposite direction. The output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31 drives the linkage shaft 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the rope wheel 53 to rotate. As the rope wheel 53 rotates, the reset rope 524 gradually winds around the outer wall of the rope wheel 53. The rope wheel 53 then drives the sliding rod 522 to move closer to the axis of the linkage shaft 35, thereby releasing the device's limitation and ensuring that the staff can retrieve the device smoothly.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in order to ensure that the soil sample taken from the borehole is fresh and has not been exposed to the outside environment, it is necessary to remove the old soil on the surface of the soil and rock inside the borehole before sampling. This avoids the old soil on the surface of the soil and rock inside the borehole affecting the natural structure of the soil and rock sample. Based on this, in this embodiment, the scraping component 61 includes a threaded disc 611 sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 34 and located on the inner top wall of the sampling barrel 1. The outer wall of the threaded disc 611 is in rotatable contact with the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1. A support ring 612 located below the threaded disc 611 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 34. The outer wall of the support ring 612 is equipped with multiple circumferentially distributed... The receiving plate 613 of the cloth is connected to the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1. A scraping block 614 is slidably arranged above the receiving plate 613. A matching rack 615 that meshes with the threaded disc 611 is slidably installed on the upper end of the scraping block 614. The end of the scraping block 614 away from the drive shaft 34 has a scraping side and a cleaning side. The scraping side and the cleaning side point to and away from the rotation direction of the scraping block 614, respectively. The scraping side is an arc-shaped concave surface that facilitates scraping the soil and rock samples, and the cleaning side is an arc-shaped convex surface that facilitates scraping the soil and rock layer inside the pre-dug hole. The cleaning side of the scraping block 614 is provided with a scraping strip 616 for scraping off the surface soil.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a square connecting ring 617 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 34 between the threaded disc 611 and the support ring 612. A plurality of square connecting rods 618, the same number as the scraping blocks 614, are installed on the outer wall of the square connecting ring 617. The end of the square connecting rod 618 away from the drive shaft 34 is connected to the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1. Two abutting blocks 619 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction on the side of the square connecting rod 618 near the scraping block 614. A protruding block 620 is installed between the two abutting blocks 619 on the side of the rack 615 near the square connecting rod 618. A spring rod 621 is provided between the protruding block 620 and the two abutting blocks 619. A contact block 622 is installed on the end of the two spring rods 621 away from the protruding block 620.

[0052] It should be noted that the spring rod 621 always applies a pushing force to the contact block 622 in the direction away from the protrusion 620. In the initial state, the mating rack 615 is located on the side closer to the axis of the drive shaft 34 and drives the scraping block 614 to retract into the sampling barrel 1. At this time, the mating rack 615 drives the contact block 622 on the side closer to the drive shaft 34 to abut against its corresponding abutment block 619 and applies a squeezing force to the spring rod 621 on this side, so that the spring rod 621 adaptively retracts and stores force. The stored force of the spring rod 621 always applies a pushing action to the mating rack 615 in the direction away from the drive shaft 34 through the protrusion 620. When the threaded disc 611 drives the mating rack 615 to extend out of the sampling barrel 1, the stored force of the spring rod 621 can provide an initial driving force to the mating rack 615, so that the mating rack 615 can drive the scraping block 614 to pop out smoothly.

[0053] When the threaded disc 611 drives the mating rack 615 to extend to the side away from the drive shaft 34, the mating rack 615 drives the contact block 622 on the side away from the drive shaft 34 to abut against its corresponding abutment block 619 and apply a squeezing force to the spring rod 621 on that side. The spring rod 621 also adaptively retracts and stores force. When the threaded disc 611 rotates in the opposite direction and controls the mating rack 615 to drive the scraping block 614 to retract and reset into the sampling barrel 1, the stored force of the spring rod 621 also provides an initial driving force to the mating rack 615, so that the mating rack 615 can be reset smoothly.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the scraping assembly 61 also includes a through hole 623 opened on the side wall of the sampling barrel 1 and corresponding to the position of the scraping block 614. A roller shutter plate 624 located on the side near the scraping side of the scraping block 614 is slidably installed between the top and bottom of the through hole 623. A limiting rod 625 for limiting the scraping block 614 is provided on the bottom wall of the through hole 623. A support strip 626 for further limiting the scraping block 614 is installed on the side of the scraping block 614 near the square connecting rod 618.

[0055] It should be further explained that the spring rod 621 on the side closer to the drive shaft 34 always applies an abutting force to the abutting block 619 in the direction of the drive shaft 34, ensuring that the mating rack 615 is always in contact with the threaded disc 611. This ensures that the threaded disc 611 can drive the mating rack 615 and the scraping block 614 to move towards the inner wall of the hole at the first moment of forward rotation. The spring rod 621 on the side farther from the drive shaft 34 always applies an abutting force to the abutting block 619 in the direction of the hole, ensuring that the mating rack 615 is always in contact with the threaded disc 611. This ensures that the threaded disc 611 can drive the mating rack 615 and the scraping block 614 to move towards the drive shaft 34 at the first moment of reverse rotation.

[0056] In practical applications, the bidirectional motor 31 is powered on and started by the controller 32. The output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 36 to rotate in the reverse direction. The connecting shaft 36 drives the sampling barrel 1 to rotate. At the same time, the controller 32 powers on the second motor 37 and starts it. The output shaft of the second motor 37 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate in the forward direction. The transmission shaft 34 drives the threaded disc 611 to rotate. While rotating, the threaded disc 611 drives the scraping block 614 to move towards the side wall of the sampling barrel 1 through the meshing rack 615 and gradually moves it to the outside of the sampling barrel 1, so that the cleaning side of the scraping block 614 contacts the inner wall of the hole. The old soil on the surface of the rock and soil on the cleaning side of the scraping block 614 is removed by the arc-shaped convex surface and the scraping strip 616, so as to avoid the natural structure of the rock and soil sample being damaged by the old soil on the surface of the rock and soil on the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the sampling effect of the device.

[0057] As the scraping block 614 moves toward the side wall of the sampling bucket 1, the limiting rod 625 gradually contacts the support bar 626 and enters the support bar 626. The support bar 626 can limit the scraping block 614, preventing the scraping block 614 from swaying left and right due to friction with the inner wall of the hole when performing the scraping operation, thereby enhancing the sampling effect of the scraping block 614.

[0058] After the soil and rock on the inner wall of the hole are removed, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 to rotate in the forward direction, while the second motor 37 continues to rotate in the forward direction. At this time, the cleaning side of the scraping block 614 is released from contact with the inner wall of the hole, and the scraping side of the scraping block 614 is in contact with the inner wall of the hole. The sampling bucket 1 drives the scraping block 614 to rotate. While rotating, the scraping block 614 excavates the soil and rock samples on the inner wall of the hole through the arc-shaped concave surface of the scraping side. This achieves the sampling of soil and rock samples in the hole, avoids the influence of the old soil on the inner wall of the hole on the collected soil and rock samples, which reduces the accuracy and reliability of the sampling, and enhances the sampling effect of soil and rock samples. Then, the excavated soil and rock samples are collected and stored by the collection component 64.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in order to collect and store soil and rock samples, in this embodiment, the collection assembly 64 includes a receiving bucket 641 disposed on the upper end of the partition plate 7, and an eccentric funnel 642 located above the receiving bucket 641 is installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket 1. The eccentric funnel 642 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 34. The collection assembly 64 also includes a transition plate 643 disposed on the lower end of the scraping side of the scraping block 614. A take-out hole 644 for taking out and placing the receiving bucket 641 is opened on the side wall of the sampling bucket 1 near the receiving bucket 641. An openable and closable closing plate 645 is installed in the take-out hole 644.

[0060] In practical applications, after the scraping block 614 excavates the soil and rock sample from the inner wall of the hole, the soil and rock sample falls above the transition plate 643, which prevents the soil and rock sample from being lost, reduces the sampling time of the device, and increases the sampling efficiency of the device. The excavated soil and rock sample enters the sampling bucket 1 under the action of the arc-shaped concave surface of the scraping side of the scraping block 614, and the fallen soil and rock sample is collected by the eccentric funnel 642 and stored in the receiving bucket 641. When the staff takes the device out of the hole, they open the closing plate 645 and take out the receiving bucket 641 from the extraction hole 644.

[0061] Example 2: Reference Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in order to collect soil samples of different diameters within the borehole, it is necessary to adjust the sampling diameter within the same borehole. Specifically, the bottom wall of the through hole 623 has multiple equidistantly distributed limiting holes 627. Each limiting hole 627 has a limiting spring 628 and a limiting rod 625 slidably installed from bottom to top inside. The outer wall of the sampling bucket 1 has a sliding hole 629 along its axial direction and connected to the limiting holes 627. A circular rod 630 is slidably installed inside the sampling barrel 1. The end of the circular rod 630 near the sampling barrel 1 is connected to the lower end of the limiting rod 625. The two side walls of the sliding hole 629 are rotatably installed with limiting plates 631 for limiting the circular rod 630 through the first torsion spring. The upper end of the scraping block 614 is provided with a pin hole 632. The lower end of the rack 615 is equipped with a positioning pin 633 located in the pin hole 632. A second torsion spring is provided between the inner wall of the pin hole 632 and the outer wall of the positioning pin 633.

[0062] It should be noted that the first torsion spring always applies a torsional force to the limiting plate 631 from the inner wall of the sliding hole 629 away from the inner wall of the sliding hole 629, so that the limiting plate 631 can only flip downwards. This ensures that the circular rod 630 can smoothly pass through the limiting plate 631 and reach the inner bottom wall of the sliding hole 629, and can limit the circular rod 630. This prevents other limiting rods 625, except for the limiting rod 625 that limits the scraping block 614, from moving upwards under the action of the limiting spring 628, ensuring that the scraping block 614 is not affected by other limiting rods 625, thereby ensuring that the angle of the scraping block 614 does not change.

[0063] The second torsion spring always applies a torsional force to the scraping block 614 in the direction of the roller shutter plate 624, so that the arc-shaped convex surface of the scraping block 614 on the cleaning side is always in contact with the limiting rod 625, thereby ensuring that the limiting rod 625 can smoothly contact the support bar 626 and enter the support bar 626 during the process of the scraping block 614 moving to the outside of the sampling barrel 1.

[0064] It should be further explained that the limiting spring 628 always applies a resisting force to the limiting rod 625 towards the through hole 623, thereby ensuring that the limiting rod 625 will not fall downwards during the process of limiting the scraping block 614, so that the limiting rod 625 can always limit the scraping block 614; the second torsion spring can limit the scraping block 614 one step ahead, so that the limiting rod 625 can be prevented from failing to enter the support bar 626 due to the left and right swaying of the scraping block 614 during the process of the scraping block 614 moving towards the inner wall of the hole; and the limiting piece 631 can limit the circular rod 630.

[0065] In practical applications, before placing the device into the hole, the operator can adjust different limiting rods 625 to limit the scraping block 614 at different angles. The limiting rod 625 on the side closer to the roller shutter plate 624 limits the scraping block 614 at a smaller angle, at which time the scraping block 614 is used to scrape the soil and rock samples with smaller diameters in the hole. Conversely, increasing the limiting rod 625 to limit the scraping block 614 can scrape the soil and rock samples with larger diameters in the hole. By controlling the angle of the scraping block 614, soil and rock samples of different diameters on the inner wall of the hole can be collected, thereby increasing the sampling effect of soil and rock samples.

[0066] Example 3: Reference Figure 12 As shown in Embodiment 2, in order to sample soil and rock samples of different diameters at different depths within the same hole, specifically, the collecting unit 6 includes multiple scraping components 61 and collecting components 64 arranged alternately along the axis of the drive shaft 34 on the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1. Multiple partition plates 7 are provided on the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1, and a receiving barrel 641 is installed above each partition plate 7. Multiple eccentric funnels 642 are provided on the inner wall of the sampling barrel 1 above the partition plates 7. The multiple eccentric funnels 642 are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 34. A threaded disc 611 is installed at the lower end of each partition plate 7, and each threaded disc 611 is sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 34.

[0067] In practical applications, before placing the device into the borehole, the staff limits the scraping blocks 614 at different heights according to the different requirements of the required soil and rock samples. After adjusting the angle of the scraping blocks 614 at different heights, the device is placed into the borehole by moving the pull rope 21. By limiting the auxiliary bucket 2 and controlling the rotation of the sampling bucket 1, soil and rock samples at different heights on the inner wall of the borehole can be excavated simultaneously. Then, the excavated soil and rock samples are collected and stored in the receiving bucket 641 through the corresponding eccentric funnel 642. After sampling is completed, the staff takes the device out of the borehole, opens the closing plate 645 and takes the receiving bucket 641 out from the extraction hole 644. The extracted receiving buckets 641 are numbered to prevent soil and rock samples of different heights and depths from being confused. In addition, by adjusting the scraping blocks 614 in different scraping components 61, soil and rock samples of different depths can be collected, and by adjusting the angle of different scraping blocks 614, soil and rock samples of different diameters in the borehole can be collected, reducing sampling time and cost and increasing sampling effectiveness.

[0068] In addition, the present invention also provides a multifunctional sampling method for rock and soil exploration, comprising the following steps: S1. Placement of the device: First, place the device in the hole to be sampled, and move the device downward to the depth required for sampling by moving the pull rope 21. Then, fix the device to the inner wall of the hole by the telescopic component 52. The bidirectional motor 31 is powered on and started by the controller 32. The bidirectional motor 31 drives the sampling bucket 1 to rotate in the forward direction. During this period, the soil and rock samples on the inner wall of the hole can be scraped by the scraping component 61. Then, the scraped soil and rock samples are collected and stored by the collection component 64.

[0069] S2. Fixing Device: After the device descends to a certain depth by moving the pull rope 21, the operator pulls the fixing rope 55 upwards. The fixing rope 55 drives the fixing rod 54 and the rope wheel 53 to move upwards. When the rope wheel 53 moves upwards to a certain height, the limiting block 525 disengages from the limiting groove 526, releasing the limiting block 525 from limiting the rope wheel 53, so that the limiting block 525 is in the relief groove 527. This ensures that the telescopic component 52 can smoothly limit the device, so as to facilitate the subsequent sampling of soil and rock samples. At this time, the sliding rod 522 quickly extends and inserts into the inner wall of the hole under the action of the contact spring 523, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the device in the hole and ensuring that the subsequent sampling of soil and rock samples can be carried out smoothly. During this period, the sliding rod 522 drives the reset pull rope 524 to move towards the inner wall of the hole, and the reset pull rope 524 drives the rope wheel 53 to rotate.

[0070] After the soil and rock samples are collected, the ground staff releases the tension on the fixing rope 55. The rope wheel 53, losing the upward tension from the fixing rope 55, moves downward under the action of the downward spring 56. As the rope wheel 53 moves downward, the limiting block 525 gradually enters the limiting groove 526. Subsequently, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 to rotate in the opposite direction. The output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31 drives the linkage shaft 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the rope wheel 53 to rotate. As the rope wheel 53 rotates, the reset rope 524 gradually winds around the outer wall of the rope wheel 53. The rope wheel 53 then drives the sliding rod 522 to move closer to the axis of the linkage shaft 35, thereby releasing the device's limitation and ensuring that the staff can retrieve the device smoothly.

[0071] S3. Scraping the Sample: The bidirectional motor 31 is powered on and started by the controller 32. The output shaft of the bidirectional motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 36 to rotate in the reverse direction. The connecting shaft 36 drives the sampling bucket 1 to rotate. At the same time, the controller 32 powers on the second motor 37 and starts it. The output shaft of the second motor 37 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate in the forward direction. The transmission shaft 34 drives the threaded disc 611 to rotate. As the threaded disc 611 rotates, it drives the scraping block 614 to move towards the side wall of the sampling bucket 1 and gradually move it outside the sampling bucket 1 through the meshing rack 615, so that the scraping block 614 cleans the side of the hole and the inner wall of the hole. When in contact with the sample, the old soil on the surface of the rock and soil inside the hole is removed by the arc-shaped convex surface of the scraping block 614 and the scraping strip 616. This prevents the natural structure of the rock and soil sample from being damaged by the old soil on the surface of the rock and soil inside the hole, thus increasing the sampling effect of the device. As the scraping block 614 moves toward the side wall of the sampling bucket 1, the limiting rod 625 gradually contacts the support strip 626 and enters the support strip 626. The support strip 626 can limit the scraping block 614, preventing the scraping block 614 from swaying left and right due to the friction between it and the inner wall of the hole during the scraping operation, thus enhancing the sampling effect of the scraping block 614.

[0072] After the soil and rock on the inner wall of the hole are removed, the controller 32 controls the bidirectional motor 31 to rotate in the forward direction, while the second motor 37 continues to rotate in the forward direction. At this time, the cleaning side of the scraping block 614 is released from contact with the inner wall of the hole, and the scraping side of the scraping block 614 is in contact with the inner wall of the hole. The sampling bucket 1 drives the scraping block 614 to rotate. While rotating, the scraping block 614 excavates the soil and rock samples on the inner wall of the hole through the arc-shaped concave surface of the scraping side. This achieves the sampling of soil and rock samples in the hole, avoids the influence of the old soil on the inner wall of the hole on the collected soil and rock samples, which reduces the accuracy and reliability of the sampling, and enhances the sampling effect of soil and rock samples. Then, the excavated soil and rock samples are collected and stored by the collection component 64.

[0073] S4. Sample collection: After the scraper block 614 excavates the soil and rock sample from the inner wall of the hole, the soil and rock sample falls above the transition plate 643 to avoid loss of soil and rock sample, reduce the sampling time of the device, and increase the sampling efficiency of the device. The excavated soil and rock sample enters the sampling bucket 1 under the action of the arc concave surface of the scraper block 614, and the fallen soil and rock sample is collected by the eccentric funnel 642 and stored in the receiving bucket 641.

[0074] S5. After the staff removes the device from the hole by moving the pull rope 21, they open the closing plate 645 and take out the receiving bucket 641 from the removal hole 644.

[0075] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0076] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration, comprising a sampling bucket (1), an auxiliary bucket (2) of the same diameter being provided at the upper end of the sampling bucket (1), a movable pull rope (21) being installed at the upper end of the auxiliary bucket (2), a driving unit (3) and a fixing unit (5) being arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the auxiliary bucket (2), a partition plate (4) for separating the driving unit (3) and the fixing unit (5) being provided on the inner wall of the auxiliary bucket (2), and a collection unit (6) being installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket (1), characterized in that: The drive unit (3) includes a bidirectional motor (31) mounted on the inner wall of the auxiliary bucket (2) via a mounting bracket. A controller (32) is mounted on the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket (2). The bidirectional motor (31) and the controller (32) are electrically connected. The fixing unit (5) includes a square ring (51) mounted above the partition plate (4). Four circumferentially distributed telescopic components (52) are mounted on the outer wall of the square ring (51). The collecting unit (6) includes a partition plate (7) mounted on the inner wall of the sampling bucket (1). From top to bottom, a scraping component (61) and a collecting component (64) are mounted on the inner wall of the sampling bucket (1). The collecting component (64) is mounted above the partition plate (7).

2. The multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (3) also includes a protective barrel (33) disposed between the auxiliary barrel (2) and the sampling barrel (1). A second motor (37) is installed on the inner wall of the protective barrel (33) through a support frame. The second motor (37) and the controller (32) are electrically connected. A transmission shaft (34) penetrating the sampling barrel (1) is provided at the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor (37). The lower end of the transmission shaft (34) is rotatably inserted through the bottom wall of the sampling barrel (1). The output shaft ends of the bidirectional motor (31) on the upper and lower sides are respectively equipped with a linkage shaft (35) and a connecting shaft (36). The upper end of the linkage shaft (35) rotates through the partition plate (4), and the lower end of the connecting shaft (36) rotates through the auxiliary barrel (2) and connects to the upper end of the protective barrel (33).

3. The multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing unit (5) also includes a rope wheel (53) sleeved on the outer wall of the linkage shaft (35). A fixing rod (54) passing through the top of the auxiliary barrel (2) is installed on the upper end of the rope wheel (53). A fixing rope (55) is provided on the upper end of the fixing rod (54). A compression spring (56) sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod (54) is installed between the upper end of the rope wheel (53) and the inner top wall of the auxiliary barrel (2).

4. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (52) includes a fixed tube (521) disposed on the outer wall of the square ring (51). A sliding rod (522) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixed tube (521). The end of the sliding rod (522) away from the square ring (51) is tapered. An abutment spring (523) is installed between the sliding rod (522) and the square ring (51). A reset pull rope (524) is provided at the end of the sliding rod (522) near the square ring (51). The end of the reset pull rope (524) away from the fixed rod passes through the abutment spring (523) and the square ring (51) and then wraps around the outer wall of the rope wheel (53).

5. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing unit (5) also includes a plurality of limiting blocks (525) arranged on the lower side of the inner wall of the rope wheel (53) and distributed in a circle. The lower end of the limiting block (525) is a V-shape that gradually tilts towards the middle of the limiting block (525). The outer wall of the linkage shaft (35) is provided with limiting grooves (526) that are arranged in a staggered manner with the limiting blocks (525). The distance between the tops of two adjacent limiting grooves (526) gradually decreases from bottom to top. The outer wall of the linkage shaft (35) is provided with a clearance groove (527) located above the limiting groove (526) and connected to the limiting groove (526).

6. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraping assembly (61) includes a threaded disc (611) sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft (34) and located on the inner top wall of the sampling barrel (1). The outer wall of the threaded disc (611) is in rotatable contact with the inner wall of the sampling barrel (1). The outer wall of the drive shaft (34) is rotatably sleeved with a support ring (612) located below the threaded disc (611). The outer wall of the support ring (612) is equipped with a plurality of circumferentially distributed receiving plates (613). The outer wall of the receiving plate (613) is connected to the inner wall of the sampling barrel (1). A scraping block (614) is slidably arranged above the receiving plate (613). A meshing rack (615) that meshes with the threaded disc (611) is slidably installed on the upper end of the scraping block (614). The scraping block (614) has a scraping side and a cleaning side at the end away from the drive shaft (34). The scraping side and the cleaning side point towards and away from the rotation direction of the scraping block (614), respectively. The scraping side is an arc-shaped concave surface that facilitates scraping soil and rock samples, and the cleaning side is an arc-shaped convex surface that facilitates scraping away the soil and rock layer inside the pre-dug hole. The cleaning side of the scraping block (614) is provided with a scraping strip (616) for scraping away the surface soil.

7. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the drive shaft (34) is rotatably fitted with a square connecting ring (617) located between the threaded disc (611) and the support ring (612). The outer wall of the square connecting ring (617) is equipped with a plurality of square connecting rods (618) of the same number as the scraping block (614). The end of the square connecting rod (618) away from the drive shaft (34) is connected to the inner wall of the sampling bucket (1). Two abutting blocks (619) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction on the side of the square connecting rod (618) near the scraping block (614). A protruding block (620) located between the two abutting blocks (619) is installed on the side of the rack (615) near the square connecting rod (618). A spring rod (621) is provided between the protruding block (620) and the two abutting blocks (619). A contact block (622) is installed on the end of the two spring rods (621) away from the protruding block (620).

8. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The scraping assembly (61) also includes a through hole (623) opened on the side wall of the sampling barrel (1) and corresponding to the position of the scraping block (614). A roller shutter plate (624) is slidably installed between the top and bottom of the through hole (623) on the side near the scraping side of the scraping block (614). A limiting rod (625) for limiting the scraping block (614) is provided on the bottom wall of the through hole (623). A support strip (626) for further limiting the scraping block (614) is installed on the side of the scraping block (614) near the square connecting rod (618).

9. A multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The collection assembly (64) includes a receiving bucket (641) disposed on the upper end of the partition plate (7), and an eccentric funnel (642) located above the receiving bucket (641) is installed on the inner wall of the sampling bucket (1). The eccentric funnel (642) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (34). The collection assembly (64) also includes a transition plate (643) disposed at the lower end of the scraping side of the scraping block (614), and a take-out hole (644) for taking out and placing the receiving bucket (641) is provided on the side wall of the sampling bucket (1) near the receiving bucket (641), and an openable closing plate (645) is installed in the take-out hole (644).

10. A multifunctional sampling method for rock and soil exploration, comprising a multifunctional sampling device for rock and soil exploration as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The sampling method includes the following steps: S1. Insert the device: Insert the device into the hole to be sampled by moving the pull rope (21); S2, Fixing device: After the device reaches the specified depth, the device is fixed to the inner wall of the hole by means of the telescopic component (52); S3. Scraping the sample: The bidirectional motor (31) is powered on and started by the controller (32). The bidirectional motor (31) drives the sampling bucket (1) to rotate. While the sampling bucket (1) is rotating, the scraping component (61) scrapes the rock and soil sample from the inner wall of the hole. S4. Sample collection: Collect the scraped soil and rock samples using the collection component (64); S5. Remove the device: Remove the device from the hole by moving the pull rope (21).

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