Application of retired battery in vehicle base integrated system and evaluation method

Abstract

The invention relates to application of a retired battery in a vehicle base integrated system and an evaluation method. At present, a vehicle base cannot integrate photovoltaic power generation, braking energy recovery and retired battery energy storage and cannot comprehensively evaluate an integrated system. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out echelon grading, screening and recombination on retired power battery packs, and establishing a distributed energy storage system in a vehicle base; a photovoltaic power generation system and an electric passenger car braking energy recovery system are connected with a distributed energy storage system, the distributed energy storage system is connected with living load facilities in a vehicle base, and a light-vehicle-storage integrated system is built; the priority is set to consume energy in the distributed energy storage system, and then the urban power grid system supplies power to living load facilities in the vehicle base; and arranging a data acquisition end, and performing data acquisition and state monitoring. According to the invention, photovoltaic power generation, brake energy recovery and retired battery energy storage can be integrally combined, and the integrated system can be comprehensively evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery application technology, specifically to the application and evaluation methods of retired batteries in integrated vehicle depot systems. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle depots are the largest infrastructure projects in urban rail transit construction, typically occupying over 10 hectares. For depots involving property development, the area can reach over 30 hectares. Vehicle depots are also major electricity consumers in urban rail transit facilities, primarily handling routine and periodic vehicle maintenance, as well as major and overhaul operations. They also serve as the operational hub for the entire urban rail transit system, housing comprehensive buildings, maintenance depots, and operation depots. Some depots also include control centers. The rooftop area of ​​a single maintenance or operation depot generally reaches 40,000 square meters. 2 The vast space and area provide favorable conditions for the deployment of new energy facilities. Some vehicle depots have resistor rooms, mainly used to consume the energy generated by train braking during the entry and exit of electric passenger trains. This scheme has the problem of resource waste, and the setting of resistor rooms also increases the overall project investment, which is somewhat unreasonable for urban rail transit construction. In addition, with the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and the increase in operating mileage and years of operation, the number of retired batteries will gradually increase rapidly over time. If the secondary utilization of retired batteries is not studied, it will cause serious resource waste and environmental pollution, as well as create great safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, the power supply for vehicle depots is mainly provided by the municipal power grid, and some cities have introduced photovoltaic capacity supply compensation. At the same time, the tiered utilization of retired batteries in the field of energy storage has become a research hotspot. However, the integrated application solution of "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" for specific scenarios of vehicle depots is not yet mature, and it is impossible to organically combine photovoltaic power generation, braking energy recovery and retired battery energy storage. In addition, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation system for such integrated systems, and it is impossible to scientifically quantify the system's practicality, reliability and other comprehensive performance, which restricts the large-scale promotion and optimization and upgrading of the system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for the application and evaluation of retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system that can integrate photovoltaic power generation, braking energy recovery and retired battery energy storage, and can comprehensively evaluate the integrated system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the application and evaluation of retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system, so as to at least solve the current problems that vehicle depots cannot integrate photovoltaic power generation, braking energy recovery and retired battery energy storage, and cannot comprehensively evaluate the integrated system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Retired power battery packs will be classified, screened, and reorganized in a tiered manner, and a distributed energy storage system will be established within the vehicle base.

[0009] The photovoltaic power generation system and the electric bus braking energy recovery system are connected to the distributed energy storage system, and the distributed energy storage system is connected to the living load facilities in the vehicle base to build an integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system.

[0010] Prioritize the consumption of energy in the distributed energy storage system first. When the energy in the distributed energy storage system is insufficient, the urban power grid system will then supply power to the living load facilities in the vehicle base.

[0011] Relevant data acquisition terminals are deployed to collect data and monitor the status of the distributed energy storage system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the electric bus braking energy recovery system.

[0012] Furthermore, the tiered classification is divided into five levels, namely:

[0013] When SOH ≥ 80%, it is used for distributed pure energy storage;

[0014] When the concentration is 75%≤SOH<80%, it can be used for household electric vehicle batteries and car starter batteries;

[0015] When 55%≤SOH<75%, it can be used for emergency power supply, base station power supply, and backup power supply for entertainment facility lighting.

[0016] When the SOH content is 35%≤SOH<55%, it can be used for power banks, streetlights, and outdoor household lighting power supplies.

[0017] When SOH < 35%, proceed directly with the recycling process.

[0018] Furthermore, when the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is greater than the vehicle base load power, the excess power capacity is stored in the distributed energy storage system.

[0019] When the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is less than the load power of the vehicle base, the missing part is dynamically supplemented by the urban power grid system.

[0020] Furthermore, when the SOC of the energy storage facility is ≥90%, charging is stopped and the system switches to float charging mode.

[0021] When SOC ≤ 20%, a low power warning will be issued and priority will be given to ensuring power supply to critical loads.

[0022] An evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-to-base integrated system, the evaluation method comprising the following steps:

[0023] The evaluation system was built by selecting five indicators: practicality, reliability, economy, safety, and environmental protection. Quantitative evaluation indicators were selected, and the definitions and calculation methods of each indicator were clarified.

[0024] The weighting factors for each indicator were determined by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weighting method.

[0025] The collected operational status data were normalized using the extreme value standardization method.

[0026] The system's comprehensive evaluation score is calculated using a weighted summation method, and the system's comprehensive evaluation level is determined by combining the grading standards.

[0027] Based on the evaluation results, identify the weak links in the system and optimize the configuration of energy storage facilities, energy dispatch strategies, or hardware parameters accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, the practicality indicators include energy self-sufficiency rate and braking energy recovery rate; the reliability indicators include system mean time between failures (MTBF), energy storage facility charge / discharge efficiency, and photovoltaic power generation system energy conversion efficiency; the economic indicators include rate of return, investment cost savings of photovoltaic-vehicle-storage system, and energy saving calculation; the safety indicators include thermal runaway rate, insulation resistance, and protection response time; and the environmental protection indicator is carbon emission reduction.

[0029] Furthermore, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) determines the subjective weights, and the entropy weight method determines the objective weights.

[0030] Furthermore, the overall weight is calculated as 0.45 × subjective weight + 0.55 × objective weight.

[0031] Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation score = Σ (standardized indicator value × comprehensive indicator weight).

[0032] Furthermore, the overall evaluation score ranges from 0 to 100 points, and the evaluation level is determined based on the score:

[0033] Excellent: ≥80 points, the system has excellent overall performance and can be directly scaled up;

[0034] Good: 70-79 points, the system performance is good and only minor optimization is needed;

[0035] Pass: 60-69 points. The system basically meets the usage requirements, but weak indicators need to be improved in a targeted manner.

[0036] Unqualified: <60 points, the system has serious defects and needs to be redesigned or the parameters adjusted.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. This invention provides the application and evaluation method of retired batteries in an integrated system for vehicle depots. It connects a photovoltaic power generation system, an electric bus braking energy recovery system, and a distributed energy storage system. The distributed energy storage system is connected to the living load facilities within the vehicle depot to build an integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system. By building this integrated photovoltaic-vehicle-storage system, the waste of electric bus braking energy can be reduced, resource utilization can be achieved efficiently, and the dependence of the vehicle depot on the urban power grid for production electricity consumption can be significantly reduced.

[0039] 2. This invention is based on a photovoltaic-vehicle-storage system and conducts a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation based on five indicators and twelve factors. It establishes a scientific and reliable evaluation standard through weighting, data normalization and other means. For the classification strategy of retired battery cascade utilization, battery cells with SOH≥80% are screened and recombined to build a distributed energy storage system. Energy consumption is evaluated under dual carbon requirements through carbon emission index evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of Example 1;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the "light-vehicle-storage" system architecture for the vehicle base in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of Example 2;

[0044] Figure 4 This is the system evaluation architecture diagram of Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0046] It should be noted that similar labels and letters indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is in an implementation...

[0047] If something is defined in the example, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent embodiments. Furthermore,

[0048] The terms “comprising” and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product or device.

[0049] It should also be noted that although the order of steps is mentioned in the method description, in some cases, it may be...

[0050] Performing the steps in a different order than that shown here should not be interpreted as a restriction on the order of steps.

[0051] The method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Classify, screen and reorganize retired power battery packs according to their grade, and establish a distributed energy storage system within the vehicle base;

[0053] S2: Connect the photovoltaic power generation system and the electric bus braking energy recovery system to the distributed energy storage system, and connect the distributed energy storage system to the living load facilities in the vehicle base to build an integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system;

[0054] S3: Prioritize consuming the energy in the distributed energy storage system first. When the energy in the distributed energy storage system is insufficient, the urban power grid system will then supply power to the living load facilities in the vehicle base.

[0055] S4: Deploy relevant data acquisition terminals to collect data and monitor the status of the distributed energy storage system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the electric bus braking energy recovery system.

[0056] The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle depot integrated system provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: Select five indicators—practicality, reliability, economy, safety, and environmental protection—to build an evaluation system, select quantitative evaluation indicators, and clarify the definition and calculation method of each indicator;

[0058] S2: The weighting factors for each indicator are determined by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weighting method.

[0059] S3: The collected operational status data is normalized using the extreme value standardization method;

[0060] S4: Calculate the system's comprehensive evaluation score using the weighted summation method, and determine the system's comprehensive evaluation level based on the grading standards;

[0061] S5: Identify system weaknesses based on evaluation results and optimize energy storage facility configuration, energy dispatch strategies, or hardware parameters accordingly.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle base system. By utilizing retired batteries in a tiered manner to construct an energy storage core, photovoltaic power generation and braking energy recovery are integrated to achieve coordinated scheduling and efficient utilization of multi-source energy, thereby realizing the closed-loop operation of "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage".

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Classify, screen, and reorganize retired power battery packs according to their grade, and establish a distributed energy storage system within the vehicle base.

[0066] The process of screening and reorganizing retired batteries is divided into two stages. In the initial stage, batteries are screened and reorganized according to manufacturers and batches. Once the technical standards of battery manufacturers are unified, they can be screened and reorganized directly according to the test results.

[0067] Data collection for retired batteries includes information such as model, capacity, internal resistance, voltage, cycle count, and consistency. The selection criteria are based on the tiered utilization standard.

[0068] The battery tiers are divided into five levels based on the percentage of current capacity to factory-shipped capacity (State of Health, SOH):

[0069] When SOH ≥ 80%, it is used for distributed pure energy storage;

[0070] When the concentration is 75%≤SOH<80%, it can be used for household electric vehicle batteries and car starter batteries;

[0071] When 55%≤SOH<75%, it can be used for emergency power supply, base station power supply, and backup power supply for entertainment facility lighting.

[0072] When the SOH content is 35%≤SOH<55%, it can be used for power banks, streetlights, and outdoor household lighting power supplies.

[0073] When SOH < 35%, proceed directly with the recycling process.

[0074] The regeneration of retired batteries is designed based on parameters such as total power, voltage, and current at the load end. After regeneration, a balancing management module is configured according to the total capacity to monitor the series units in real time, avoiding the impact of factors such as excessive charging and discharging time and unstable current, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack.

[0075] S2: Connect the photovoltaic power generation system and the electric bus braking energy recovery system to the distributed energy storage system through inverters and controllers. The distributed energy storage system is then connected to the living load facilities in the vehicle base through converters and controllers, thus building an integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system.

[0076] A photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic modules, MPPT controllers (Maximum Power Point Tracking solar controllers), off-grid inverters, distribution boxes, and intelligent energy monitoring systems.

[0077] The electric bus braking energy recovery system includes electric bus, traction converter, energy recovery device and energy intelligent monitoring system.

[0078] Distributed energy storage systems include screened and repurposed retired batteries, SoC (System-on-a-Chip) systems, converters, float charging devices, and controllers.

[0079] The integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system comprises four core modules: photovoltaic power generation, electric bus braking energy recovery, distributed energy storage, and vehicle depot load. This closed-loop energy system is achieved through electrical connections and coordinated control. Specifically:

[0080] Photovoltaic power generation: Photovoltaic modules are installed in spare spaces within the vehicle depot that do not affect production, such as the roofs of maintenance depots, operational depots, and the tops of property development sites.

[0081] Electric bus braking energy recovery: The energy generated during the braking process of the electric bus entering and leaving the depot line is regulated and input into the distributed energy storage device through the energy recovery controller.

[0082] Distributed energy storage: By reusing retired batteries, select and reassemble cells with SOH≥80% to form distributed energy storage units, configure bidirectional converters to realize the charging and discharging conversion of electrical energy, and integrate a battery management system (BMS) to monitor the battery status in real time.

[0083] Vehicle depot load: This includes the electricity consumption for daily life within the vehicle depot, such as air conditioning, lighting, decorative lighting, smart building systems, charging stations, and other daily electricity loads.

[0084] Control system: A controller based on model predictive control (MPC) is adopted, which is connected to each module through a communication bus to realize data acquisition, energy scheduling and status monitoring.

[0085] S3: Prioritize the consumption of energy in the distributed energy storage system first. When the energy in the distributed energy storage system is insufficient, the urban power grid system will then supply power to the living load facilities in the vehicle base.

[0086] The distributed energy storage system and the urban power grid system are connected to a controller. The controller is connected to the living load facilities in the vehicle base. By setting priorities, the energy in the distributed energy storage system is consumed first. When the energy in the distributed energy storage system is insufficient, the urban power grid system supplies power to the living loads in the vehicle base, thereby realizing automatic energy regulation and control.

[0087] The following provisions are made for energy allocation, with the overall principle being "use what is produced on the spot":

[0088] When the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is greater than the vehicle base load power, the excess power capacity is stored in the distributed energy storage system.

[0089] When the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is less than the load power of the vehicle base, the missing part is dynamically supplemented by the urban power grid system.

[0090] at the same time,

[0091] When the SoC of the energy storage facility is ≥90%, charging is stopped and the device switches to float charging mode.

[0092] When the SoC is ≤20%, a low battery warning will be issued and priority will be given to ensuring power supply to critical loads.

[0093] S4: Deploy relevant data acquisition terminals to collect data and monitor the status of distributed energy storage systems, photovoltaic power generation systems, and electric bus braking energy recovery systems.

[0094] By deploying relevant data acquisition terminals, data collection and status monitoring are carried out on each system, including energy storage, photovoltaic power generation, and electric bus braking, to achieve full-process monitoring of voltage, current, stability, power, and energy utilization efficiency during energy input and output.

[0095] The system collects operational data from each module in real time via sensors and communication networks. Parameters such as battery voltage, temperature, internal resistance, and power are collected at the specified frequency. For photovoltaic power generation, parameters such as photovoltaic power generation energy, ambient temperature, light intensity, and photovoltaic power conversion efficiency are collected. For regenerative braking, instantaneous voltage, instantaneous current, total energy, and energy conversion efficiency are monitored. At the load end, total electrical load, load current, and load power are collected. All data is centrally transmitted to the monitoring center of the control module for real-time display, anomaly alarms, and data storage, providing data support for subsequent evaluation and analysis.

[0096] Example 2:

[0097] This embodiment provides an evaluation method for retired batteries in an integrated vehicle base system. It establishes evaluation standards and comprehensively evaluates the overall system performance from five core dimensions: practicality, reliability, economy, safety, and environmental protection. The evaluation method constructs a multi-dimensional and quantitative evaluation system to comprehensively assess the overall system performance and provide a basis for system optimization.

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0099] S1: Select five indicators—practicality, reliability, economy, safety, and environmental protection—to build an evaluation system, select quantitative evaluation indicators, and clarify the definition and calculation method of each indicator.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, the practicality indicators include energy self-sufficiency rate and regenerative braking energy recovery rate; the reliability indicators include system mean time between failures (MTBF), energy storage facility charge / discharge efficiency, and photovoltaic power generation system energy conversion efficiency; the economic indicators include rate of return, investment cost savings of the photovoltaic-vehicle-storage system, and energy saving calculations; the safety indicators include thermal runaway rate, insulation resistance, and protection response time; and the environmental indicator is carbon emission reduction, as detailed in Table 1.

[0101] Table 1. Indicator Evaluation System

[0102]

[0103] S2: The weighting factors of each indicator are determined by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weighting method.

[0104] Among them, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) determines subjective weights, while the entropy weight method determines objective weights.

[0105] Specifically, a combined weighting method of "analytic hierarchy process (AHP) + entropy weighting" is adopted. First, a hierarchical structure model (target layer - criterion layer - indicator layer) is constructed. Ten industry experts are invited to compare the importance of each dimension and indicator pairwise, construct a judgment matrix, calculate the weights, and conduct a consistency test (consistency ratio CR < 0.1) to obtain the subjective weights. Through historical data of system operation, the information entropy of each indicator is calculated, and the objective weights are determined based on the entropy value. Finally, a weighted average method is used to integrate the subjective and objective weights to obtain the formula: comprehensive weight = 0.45 × subjective weight + 0.55 × objective weight, ensuring that the weights are consistent with industry understanding and actual operating data.

[0106] S3: The acquired operational status data is normalized using the extreme value standardization method.

[0107] The data collection process is defined based on the amount and quality of data, with one month as the current cycle. Monthly data is used for data standardization to remove dimensions.

[0108] S4: Calculate the system's comprehensive evaluation score using the weighted summation method, and determine the system's comprehensive evaluation level by combining it with the grading standards.

[0109] The formula is as follows:

[0110] The overall evaluation score is calculated as Σ (standardized value of the i-th indicator × overall weight of the i-th indicator).

[0111] The overall evaluation score ranges from 0 to 100 points, and the evaluation level is determined based on the score:

[0112] Excellent: ≥80 points, the system has excellent overall performance and can be directly scaled up;

[0113] Good: 70-79 points, the system performance is good and only minor optimization is needed;

[0114] Pass: 60-69 points. The system basically meets the usage requirements, but weak indicators need to be improved in a targeted manner.

[0115] Unqualified: <60 points, the system has serious defects and needs to be redesigned or the parameters adjusted.

[0116] S5: Identify system weaknesses based on evaluation results and optimize energy storage facility configuration, energy dispatch strategies, or hardware parameters accordingly.

[0117] The above examples illustrate the present invention only to aid in understanding it and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the principles of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system, characterized by: The application method includes the following steps: Retired power battery packs will be classified, screened, and reorganized in a tiered manner, and a distributed energy storage system will be established within the vehicle base. The photovoltaic power generation system and the electric bus braking energy recovery system are connected to the distributed energy storage system, and the distributed energy storage system is connected to the living load facilities in the vehicle base to build an integrated "photovoltaic-vehicle-storage" system. Prioritize the consumption of energy in the distributed energy storage system first. When the energy in the distributed energy storage system is insufficient, the urban power grid system will then supply power to the living load facilities in the vehicle base. Relevant data acquisition terminals are deployed to collect data and monitor the status of the distributed energy storage system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the electric bus braking energy recovery system.

2. The method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tiered classification is divided into five levels, namely: When SOH ≥ 80%, it is used for distributed pure energy storage; When the concentration is 75%≤SOH<80%, it can be used for household electric vehicle batteries and car starter batteries; When 55%≤SOH<75%, it can be used for emergency power supply, base station power supply, and backup power supply for entertainment facility lighting. When the SOH content is 35%≤SOH<55%, it can be used for power banks, streetlights, and outdoor household lighting power supplies. When SOH < 35%, proceed directly with the recycling process.

3. The method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is greater than the vehicle base load power, the excess power capacity is stored in the distributed energy storage system. When the energy utilization efficiency of (electric bus braking capacity + photovoltaic power generation capacity) is less than the load power of the vehicle base, the missing part is dynamically supplemented by the urban power grid system.

4. The method for applying retired batteries in an integrated vehicle depot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the SOC of the energy storage facility is ≥90%, charging is stopped and the device switches to float charging mode. When SOC ≤ 20%, a low power warning will be issued and priority will be given to ensuring power supply to critical loads.

5. An evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system, characterized by: The evaluation method includes the following steps: The evaluation system was built by selecting five indicators: practicality, reliability, economy, safety, and environmental protection. Quantitative evaluation indicators were selected, and the definitions and calculation methods of each indicator were clarified. The weighting factors for each indicator were determined by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weighting method. The collected operational status data were normalized using the extreme value standardization method. The system's comprehensive evaluation score is calculated using a weighted summation method, and the system's comprehensive evaluation level is determined by combining the grading standards. Based on the evaluation results, identify the weak links in the system and optimize the configuration of energy storage facilities, energy dispatch strategies, or hardware parameters accordingly.

6. The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The practicality indicators include energy self-sufficiency rate and braking energy recovery rate; the reliability indicators include system mean time between failures, energy storage facility charging and discharging efficiency, and photovoltaic power generation system energy conversion efficiency; the economic indicators include rate of return, investment cost savings of photovoltaic-vehicle-storage system, and energy saving calculation; the safety indicators include thermal runaway rate, insulation resistance, and protection response time; and the environmental protection indicator is carbon emission reduction.

7. The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) determines the subjective weights, and the entropy weight method determines the objective weights.

8. The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Overall weight = 0.45 × subjective weight + 0.55 × objective weight.

9. The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Overall evaluation score = Σ (standardized indicator value × overall indicator weight).

10. The evaluation method for retired batteries in a vehicle-base integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The overall evaluation score ranges from 0 to 100 points, and the evaluation level is determined based on the score: Excellent: ≥80 points, the system has excellent overall performance and can be directly scaled up; Good: 70-79 points, the system performance is good and only minor optimization is needed; Pass: 60-69 points. The system basically meets the usage requirements, but weak indicators need to be improved in a targeted manner. Unqualified: <60 points, the system has serious defects and needs to be redesigned or the parameters adjusted.

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