Adhesive film of photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and discloses an adhesive film of a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of battery strings, and the adjacent battery strings are at least partially overlapped to form a first step structure. One side, facing the battery strings, of the adhesive film is provided with battery string areas in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery strings, a second step structure is formed between the adjacent battery string areas, the plurality of battery string areas form a concave-convex fluctuating structure on the adhesive film, and the second step structures are embedded with the corresponding first step structures. When the adhesive film is arranged on the front surfaces or the back surfaces of the plurality of battery strings, the concave-convex fluctuating structures formed by the plurality of battery string areas on the adhesive film can fill the suspended areas formed by overlapping of the plurality of battery strings. In the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the adhesive film can play a role in supporting and cushioning the suspension area of the battery string, the stress concentration problem caused by suspension is eliminated, the hidden crack risk of the battery piece in the lamination process is reduced, and the forming quality and reliability of the photovoltaic module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module encapsulant film, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules typically consist of cell strings, front encapsulant film, back encapsulant film, front panel, and back panel. The front panel, front encapsulant film, cell strings, back encapsulant film, and back panel are stacked sequentially and then laminated into a single structure.

[0003] Currently, there are two main arrangement methods for photovoltaic (PV) module cell strings. The first is the spaced arrangement, where multiple cell strings are arranged sequentially along a certain direction with a certain gap between adjacent strings. However, this arrangement reduces the effective light-receiving area of ​​the module and has a low utilization rate of the panel area due to the unused gaps between the cell strings. The second is the overlapping arrangement, where adjacent cell strings are partially overlapped to reduce or eliminate the gaps between them, thereby making full use of the panel area. However, this arrangement can easily create a height difference between the overlapping and non-overlapping areas due to the stacked cell thickness in the overlapping areas, resulting in suspended areas. During the lamination process, these suspended areas are prone to stress concentration due to uneven pressure, which significantly increases the risk of microcracks in the cells, affecting the long-term reliability and power generation performance of the PV module.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic module encapsulant film, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module encapsulant film, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system, which can improve the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module panel area, reduce the risk of microcracks during lamination, improve the molding quality and reliability of the photovoltaic module, and enhance the power generation performance of the photovoltaic system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, a film for a photovoltaic module is provided. The photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings arranged sequentially along a first direction, wherein adjacent battery strings at least partially overlap and form a first step structure. The adhesive film has a battery string region on the side facing the battery string, which corresponds to each of the battery strings. A second step structure is formed between adjacent battery string regions. The battery string regions form an undulating structure on the adhesive film. The second step structure is fitted with the corresponding first step structure.

[0007] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the second step structure and the first step structure maintain a first preset gap in the first direction.

[0008] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the first preset gap has a dimension H in the first direction, and the value range of H is: 0.1mm≤H≤10mm.

[0009] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the encapsulant film has a thickness dimension in the third direction, and the thickness of the encapsulant film gradually increases or decreases along the first direction within the cell string region.

[0010] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the plurality of battery string regions include a first recessed region and a first raised region that are sequentially and alternately distributed along the first direction. In two adjacent battery strings, one battery string is located in the first recessed region; the other battery string is located in the first raised region and extends at least partially into the first recessed region.

[0011] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells arranged sequentially along a second direction, wherein adjacent battery cells at least partially overlap and form a third step structure; The adhesive film is provided with a battery cell area in the battery string area that corresponds one-to-one with a plurality of battery cells in the battery string, and a fourth step structure is formed between adjacent battery cell areas, the fourth step structure being fitted into the third step structure; The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0012] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the fourth step structure and the third step structure maintain a second preset gap in the second direction.

[0013] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the encapsulant film has a thickness dimension in the third direction, and the thickness of the encapsulant film gradually increases or decreases along the second direction within the cell area.

[0014] As an optional embodiment of the encapsulant film for the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the plurality of cell regions include a second recessed region and a second raised region that are sequentially and alternately distributed along the second direction. In two adjacent cells, one cell is located in the second recessed region, and the other cell is located in the second raised region and extends at least partially into the second recessed region.

[0015] In a second aspect, a photovoltaic module is provided, including a battery string, a front encapsulant film, and a back encapsulant film, wherein the front encapsulant film is disposed on the front side of the battery string, and the back encapsulant film is disposed on the back side of the battery string, and the front encapsulant film and / or the back encapsulant film adopt the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above.

[0016] As an optional embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention, both the front encapsulant film and the back encapsulant film adopt the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above; In the first direction, corresponding to the same battery string, the thickness variation trend of the battery string region of the front adhesive film is opposite to that of the battery string region of the back adhesive film.

[0017] As an optional embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention, both the front encapsulant film and the back encapsulant film adopt the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above; The battery string regions include first recessed regions and first raised regions that are sequentially and alternately distributed along the first direction. The first recessed region on the front adhesive film is opposite to the first raised region on the back adhesive film, and the first raised region on the front adhesive film is opposite to the first recessed region on the back adhesive film.

[0018] Thirdly, a photovoltaic system is provided, including the photovoltaic modules described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The photovoltaic module encapsulant film provided by this invention has battery string regions corresponding one-to-one with several battery strings, and a second step structure is formed between adjacent battery string regions. This makes the side of the encapsulant film facing the battery strings undulating. Therefore, when the encapsulant film is placed on the front or back of several battery strings, several battery string regions can be matched one-to-one with several battery strings, and the second step structure between the battery string regions can be fitted with the first step structure between the battery strings. At this time, the undulating structure formed by the several battery string regions on the encapsulant film can fill the suspended areas formed by the overlapping of several battery strings. That is, the concave part of the encapsulant film provides accommodating space for the battery strings, and the convex part of the encapsulant film fills the suspended areas of the battery strings. In the photovoltaic module lamination process, since the suspended areas of the battery strings are filled by the convex part of the encapsulant film, it can play a supporting role for the battery strings, thereby eliminating the stress concentration problem caused by suspension, reducing the risk of microcracks in the battery cells during the lamination process, and improving the molding quality and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0020] The photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system provided by this invention, due to the use of the aforementioned adhesive film on the front and / or back, allow for the stacking and arrangement of multiple cell strings in the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the utilization rate of the module's panel area. Furthermore, because the second-step structure of the adhesive film interlocks with the first-step structure between the cell strings, the suspended areas created by the overlapping of the cell strings are filled by the adhesive film. This effectively reduces the risk of microcracks in the cells during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module and enhancing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic system. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adhesive film provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial front view of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adhesive film provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial front view of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] In the picture: 1. Battery string area; 2. Second step structure; 11. First concave area; 12. First convex area; 10. Battery string; 20. Front adhesive film; 30. Back adhesive film; 40. Front panel; 50. Back panel; 101. First-stage structure; 100. Battery cells. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module encapsulant film that can improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic module panel area, reduce the risk of microcracks during lamination, improve the molding quality and reliability of photovoltaic modules, and enhance the power generation performance of photovoltaic systems.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes several battery strings 10 arranged sequentially along a first direction. Adjacent battery strings 10 at least partially overlap and form a first step structure 101. A battery string region 1, corresponding one-to-one with each of the battery strings 10, is provided on the side of the encapsulant film facing the battery strings 10. A second step structure 2 is formed between adjacent battery string regions 1. The battery string regions 1 form an undulating structure on the encapsulant film, and the second step structure 2 is fitted into the corresponding first step structure 101.

[0029] It should be noted that the above-mentioned interlocking refers to the contact between the higher part of the second step structure 2 and the lower part of the first step structure 101, and the contact between the lower part of the second step structure 2 and the higher part of the first step structure 101, with the two interlocking with each other.

[0030] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The orientation is as follows: the first direction is the X direction; the second direction is the Y direction; and the third direction is the Z direction, corresponding to the thickness direction of the adhesive film.

[0031] The encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment has battery string regions 1 corresponding one-to-one with several battery strings 10, and a second step structure 2 is formed between adjacent battery string regions 1, making the side of the encapsulant film facing the battery strings 10 undulating. Therefore, when the encapsulant film is placed on the front or back of several battery strings 10, several battery string regions 1 can be matched one-to-one with several battery strings 10, and the second step structure 2 between battery string regions 1 can be fitted with the first step structure 101 between battery strings 10. At this time, the undulating structure formed by several battery string regions 1 on the encapsulant film can fill the suspended area formed by the overlapping of several battery strings 10. That is, the concave part on the encapsulant film provides accommodating space for the battery strings 10, and the convex part on the encapsulant film fills the suspended area of ​​the battery strings 10. In the lamination process of photovoltaic modules, the suspended areas of the cell string 10 are filled by the raised parts of the encapsulant film, which can support the cell string 10, thereby eliminating the stress concentration problem caused by the suspension, reducing the risk of microcracks in the cell 100 during the lamination process, improving the molding quality and reliability of photovoltaic modules, and enhancing the power generation performance of photovoltaic systems.

[0032] Optionally, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second step structure 2 and the first step structure 101 maintain a first preset gap in the first direction. That is, a certain space (the first preset gap) is left between the second step structure 2 and the edge of the battery cell 100 of the battery string 10. During the lamination process, the first preset gap can provide error tolerance space for the battery string 10, prevent the battery cell 100 of the battery string 10 from interfering with the second step structure 2, avoid damage to the battery cell 100, and further reduce the risk of microcracks in the battery cell 100.

[0033] See Figure 4 The first preset gap is defined as H in the first direction, and the value of H is in the range of 0.1mm ≤ H ≤ 10mm. This limitation ensures that the first preset gap is not too small, providing sufficient error tolerance space for the battery string 10, while also ensuring that the first preset gap is not too large, avoiding excessively large suspended areas near the overlapping area of ​​the battery cells 100, and effectively preventing lamination microcracks.

[0034] For example, H can be 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., but is not limited to the specific values ​​listed above.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the value of H is in the range of 0.1mm ≤ H ≤ 3mm. For example, H can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc., but is not limited to the specific values ​​listed above.

[0036] Optionally, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The thickness of the adhesive film in the third direction is its dimension. Within the battery string region 1, the thickness of the adhesive film gradually increases or decreases along the first direction. That is, the adhesive film has a gradually varying thickness within the battery string region 1. Specifically... Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the image, from left to right, the right edge of the first battery string 10 overlaps the left edge of the second battery string 10, with the left side of the first battery string 10 lower than its right side. When the adhesive film is located below the battery string 10, the thickness of the adhesive film in the battery string region 1 gradually increases from left to right, corresponding to the first battery string 10. This arrangement allows the left side of the adhesive film to provide space for the lower left side of the first battery string 10, while the right side of the adhesive film fills the bottom overhanging area of ​​the higher side of the first battery string 10, thus providing support for the first battery string 10 and preventing microcracks from forming in the battery cells 100 of the battery string 10 due to being suspended during the lamination process.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the adhesive film is positioned above the battery string 10, the thickness of the adhesive film in the battery string region 1 gradually decreases from left to right, corresponding to the first battery string 10 from left to right. This arrangement allows the left side of the adhesive film to fill the empty area above the lower left side of the first battery string 10, and the right side of the adhesive film to provide space for the higher right side of the first battery string 10. In other words, the adhesive film fills the empty areas created by the overlap of adjacent battery strings 10, preventing microcracks from forming in the battery cells 100 of the battery string 10 due to suspension during lamination.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module, including a battery string 10, a front encapsulant film 20 and a back encapsulant film 30. The front encapsulant film 20 is disposed on the front side of the battery string 10, and the back encapsulant film 30 is disposed on the back side of the battery string 10. The front encapsulant film 20 and / or the back encapsulant film 30 adopt the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above.

[0039] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment uses the aforementioned adhesive film on the front end 20 and / or the back end 30, allowing multiple cell strings 10 to be stacked and arranged, thus improving the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module's panel area. Furthermore, because the second step structure 2 of the adhesive film is interlocked with the first step structure 101 between the cell strings 10, the suspended areas created by the overlapping of the cell strings 10 are filled by the adhesive film. During the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the adhesive film provides support for these suspended areas, effectively reducing the risk of microcracks in the cells 100, improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module, and enhancing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic system.

[0040] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a photovoltaic module with multiple cell strings 10, along the arrangement direction of the cell strings 10, the edge of the previous cell string 10 is stacked on top of the edge of the next cell string 10. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the middle position, from left to right, the right edge of the first battery string 10 overlaps the left edge of the second battery string 10, the right edge of the second battery string 10 overlaps the left edge of the third battery string 10, and so on.

[0041] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 Both the front encapsulant film 20 and the back encapsulant film 30 use the same encapsulant film used in photovoltaic modules as described above. In the first direction, corresponding to the same cell string 10, the thickness variation trend of the cell string region 1 of the front encapsulant film 20 is opposite to that of the cell string region 1 of the back encapsulant film 30. This arrangement allows for the space required for the cell string 10 in the overlapping area between the front encapsulant film 20 and the back encapsulant film 30. At the same time, the front encapsulant film 20 and the back encapsulant film 30 can fill the suspended area caused by the overlap of adjacent cell strings 10, effectively reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module during lamination and improving the reliability and power generation performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0042] Specifically Figure 3 and Figure 4In the same cell string 10, the thickness of the front encapsulant 20 in the cell string region 1 gradually increases from left to right, while the thickness of the back encapsulant 30 in the cell string region 1 gradually decreases from left to right. Multiple cell string regions 1 are regularly distributed with varying heights along the first direction (the arrangement direction of the cell strings 10) on the encapsulant film. The lower portion of the cell string region 1 reserves space for staggered heights at the overlapping points of the cell strings 10, while the higher portion fills the suspended space left by the overlapping of the cell strings 10. This significantly reduces the risk of microcracks arising between cell strings 10 during photovoltaic module manufacturing due to stacking.

[0043] Of course, in some other embodiments, only the front adhesive film 20 or the back adhesive film 30 may use the above-described adhesive film.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment provides an adhesive film, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that: like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes several battery strings 10 arranged sequentially along a first direction. Adjacent battery strings 10 at least partially overlap and form a first step structure 101. A battery string region 1, corresponding one-to-one with each of the battery strings 10, is provided on the side of the encapsulant film facing the battery strings 10. A second step structure 2 is formed between adjacent battery string regions 1. The battery string regions 1 form an undulating structure on the encapsulant film, and the second step structure 2 is fitted into the corresponding first step structure 101.

[0045] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The orientation is as follows: the first direction is the X direction; the second direction is the Y direction; and the third direction is the Z direction, corresponding to the thickness direction of the adhesive film.

[0046] Optionally, see Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The battery string region 1 includes a first recessed region 11 and a first raised region 12 that are sequentially and alternately distributed along a first direction. In two adjacent battery strings 10, one battery string 10 is located in the first recessed region 11; the other battery string 10 is located in the first raised region 12 and extends at least partially into the first recessed region 11, so that the battery string 10 in the first raised region 12 and the battery string 10 in the first recessed region 11 at least partially overlap. Multiple first recessed regions 11 and multiple first raised regions 12 are distributed in an undulating manner along the first direction on the adhesive film. The first recessed regions 11 provide accommodating space for the battery string 10. At the same time, the second step structure 2 formed between the first recessed regions 11 and the first raised regions 12 cooperates with the first step structure 101 formed between two overlapping battery strings 10, so that the adhesive film can not only provide accommodating space for the battery string 10, but also fill the suspended area of ​​the battery string 10 due to the overlap. During the lamination process, the adhesive film provides support for the battery string 10, thereby effectively preventing the battery cells 100 of the battery string 10 from developing microcracks due to suspension.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module, including a battery string 10, a front encapsulant film 20 and a back encapsulant film 30. The front encapsulant film 20 is disposed on the front side of the battery string 10, and the back encapsulant film 30 is disposed on the back side of the battery string 10. The front encapsulant film 20 and / or the back encapsulant film 30 adopt the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above.

[0048] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment uses the aforementioned adhesive film on the front end 20 and / or the back end 30, allowing multiple cell strings 10 to be stacked and arranged, thus improving the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module's panel area. Furthermore, because the second step structure 2 of the adhesive film is interlocked with the first step structure 101 between the cell strings 10, the suspended areas created by the overlapping of the cell strings 10 are filled by the adhesive film. During the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the adhesive film provides support for these suspended areas, effectively reducing the risk of microcracks in the cells 100, improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module, and enhancing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic system.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 In terms of orientation, from left to right, among the multiple cell strings 10 of the photovoltaic module, the left edge of the second cell string 10 overlaps the right edge of the first cell string 10, the right edge of the second cell string 10 overlaps the left edge of the third cell string 10; the left edge of the fourth cell string 10 overlaps the right edge of the third cell string 10, the right edge of the fourth cell string 10 overlaps the left edge of the fifth cell string 10, and so on.

[0050] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 Both the front encapsulant film 20 and the back encapsulant film 30 use the encapsulant film of the photovoltaic module as described above. A plurality of cell string regions 1 include first recessed regions 11 and first raised regions 12 sequentially and alternately distributed along a first direction. The first recessed region 11 on the front encapsulant film 20 is opposite to the first raised region 12 on the back encapsulant film 30, and the first raised region 12 on the front encapsulant film 20 is opposite to the first recessed region 11 on the back encapsulant film 30. This arrangement allows for a space to accommodate the cell strings 10 between the front encapsulant film 20 and the back encapsulant film 30. Simultaneously, the second step structure 2 formed between the first raised region 12 and the second recessed region of the front encapsulant film 20 (back encapsulant film 30) cooperates with the first step structure 101 formed by the overlapping cell strings 10, eliminating the suspended areas between the cell strings 10, effectively reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module during lamination, and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment Figure 7 and Figure 8 From left to right, the left edge of the second battery string 10 overlaps the right edge of the first battery string 10. Corresponding to the first battery string 10, the battery string area 1 of the back adhesive film 30 is the first protruding area 12, and the battery string area 1 of the front adhesive film 20 is the first recessed area 11. Corresponding to the second battery string 10, the battery string area 1 of the back adhesive film 30 is the first recessed area 11, and the battery string area 1 of the front adhesive film 20 is the first protruding area 12.

[0052] Of course, in some other embodiments, only the front adhesive film 20 or the back adhesive film 30 may use the above-described adhesive film.

[0053] Optionally, see Figure 1 The photovoltaic module also includes a front panel 40 and a back panel 50. The front panel 40, the front encapsulant film 20, several cell strings 10, the back encapsulant film 30, and the back panel 50 are stacked in sequence to form a photovoltaic module. The front panel 40 and the back panel 50 can protect the cell strings 10. The front panel 40 can be a glass plate to ensure light transmittance.

[0054] Example 3 This embodiment provides an adhesive film, which differs from Embodiments 1 and 2 in that: Optionally, see Figure 1 and Figure 5The battery string 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 arranged sequentially along a second direction. Adjacent battery cells 100 at least partially overlap and form a third step structure (not shown). A film is provided within the battery string region 1 with battery cell regions (not shown) corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of battery cells 100 of the battery string 10. Adjacent battery cell regions form a fourth step structure, which is fitted into the third step structure; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The orientation is as follows: the first direction is the X direction; the second direction is the Y direction; and the third direction is the Z direction, corresponding to the thickness direction of the adhesive film.

[0056] By setting cell regions corresponding one-to-one with multiple solar cells 100 within the cell string region 1, and forming a fourth step structure between adjacent cell regions, when the encapsulant film is applied to the front or back of several cell strings 10, the multiple cell regions can be matched one-to-one with the multiple solar cells 100, and the fourth step structure between the cell regions can be fitted with the third step structure between the solar cells 100. At this time, the multiple uneven cell regions can fill the suspended areas caused by the overlapping of the multiple solar cells 100. During the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, since the suspended areas of the solar cells 100 are filled, that is, the encapsulant film can provide support for each solar cell 100 in the cell string 10, the risk of microcracks in the solar cells 100 can be further reduced, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

[0057] Optionally, the fourth step structure and the third step structure maintain a second preset gap in the second direction. That is, a certain space (second preset gap) is left between the fourth step structure and the edge of the solar cell 100. During the lamination process, the second preset gap can provide error tolerance space for the solar cell 100, prevent interference between the solar cell 100 and the fourth step structure, and further reduce the risk of microcracks in the solar cell 100.

[0058] Optionally, the second preset gap is defined as W in the second direction, and the value of W is in the range of 0.1mm ≤ W ≤ 10mm. This limitation ensures that the second preset gap is not too small, providing sufficient error tolerance space for the overlapping solar cells 100, while also ensuring that the second preset gap is not too large, avoiding excessively large overhanging areas near the overlapping area of ​​the solar cells 100, and effectively preventing lamination microcracks.

[0059] For example, W can be 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., but is not limited to the specific values ​​listed above.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the value of W ranges from 0.1mm to H to 3mm. For example, W can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc., but is not limited to the specific values ​​listed above.

[0061] Optionally, the dimension of the adhesive film in the third direction is its thickness, and within the cell region, the thickness of the adhesive film gradually increases or decreases along the second direction. That is, the adhesive film has a gradually changing thickness within the cell region. For example, refer to... Figure 3 In terms of orientation, from front to back, for the same battery string 10, the rear end of the first battery cell 100 is stacked on the front end of the second battery cell 100. For the adhesive film below the battery string 10, the thickness within the battery cell area gradually increases from front to back; for the adhesive film above the battery string 10, the thickness within the battery cell area gradually decreases from front to back. This arrangement allows the adhesive film to fill the voids created by the overlapping of the battery cells 100, preventing microcracks from forming in the battery cells 100 during lamination due to these voids.

[0062] Example 4 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module encapsulant film, which differs from Embodiment 3 in that: In this embodiment, the battery string 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 arranged sequentially along a second direction. Adjacent battery cells 100 at least partially overlap and form a third step structure. An adhesive film is provided within the battery string region 1 with battery cell regions corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of battery cells 100 of the battery string 10. Adjacent battery cell regions form a fourth step structure, which is fitted into the third step structure; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0063] The plurality of battery cell regions include a second recessed region and a second raised region that are sequentially and alternately distributed along a second direction. In two adjacent battery cells 100, one battery cell 100 is located in the second recessed region; the other battery cell 100 is located in the second raised region and extends at least partially into the second recessed region, so that the battery cell 100 in the second raised region and the battery cell 100 in the second recessed region at least partially overlap.

[0064] Within the same battery string region 1, multiple second recessed regions and multiple second raised regions are distributed in an undulating manner along the second direction. The second recessed regions provide accommodating space for the battery cells 100. At the same time, the fourth step structure formed between the second recessed regions and the second raised regions cooperates with the third step structure formed between two overlapping battery cells 100, so that the adhesive film can not only provide accommodating space for the battery cells 100, but also fill the suspended areas of the battery cells 100 caused by overlapping. During the lamination process, it effectively prevents the battery cells 100 from developing microcracks due to suspension.

[0065] This invention also provides a photovoltaic system, including the photovoltaic module described above.

[0066] The photovoltaic system provided in this embodiment uses the aforementioned adhesive film on the front encapsulant film 20 and / or the back encapsulant film 30 of the photovoltaic module, allowing multiple cell strings 10 of the photovoltaic module to be stacked and arranged, thereby improving the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module's panel area. Furthermore, because the second step structure 2 of the adhesive film is interlocked with the first step structure 101 between the cell strings 10, the suspended areas created by the overlapping of the cell strings 10 are filled by the adhesive film. This effectively reduces the risk of microcracks in the cell 100 during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, improving the operational reliability and power generation performance of the photovoltaic system.

[0067] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module encapsulant film, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings (10) arranged sequentially along a first direction, with adjacent battery strings (10) at least partially overlapping and forming a first step structure (101). The adhesive film has a battery string region (1) on one side facing the battery string (10) that corresponds to each of the battery strings (10). A second step structure (2) is formed between adjacent battery string regions (1). The battery string regions (1) form an uneven structure on the adhesive film. The second step structure (2) is fitted with the corresponding first step structure (101).

2. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second step structure (2) and the first step structure (101) maintain a first preset gap in the first direction.

3. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dimension of the first preset gap in the first direction is H, and the value range of H is: 0.1mm≤H≤10mm.

4. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the adhesive film in the third direction is the thickness dimension. Within the battery string region (1), the thickness of the adhesive film gradually increases or decreases along the first direction.

5. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery string regions (1) include a first recessed region (11) and a first raised region (12) that are staggered along the first direction. In two adjacent battery strings (10), one battery string (10) is located in the first recessed region (11); the other battery string (10) is located in the first raised region (12) and extends at least partially into the first recessed region (11).

6. The encapsulant film for a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery string (10) includes a plurality of battery cells (100) arranged sequentially along a second direction, wherein adjacent battery cells (100) at least partially overlap and form a third step structure; The adhesive film is provided in the battery string region (1) with a battery cell region corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of battery cells (100) of the battery string (10), and a fourth step structure is formed between adjacent battery cell regions, and the fourth step structure is fitted with the third step structure. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

7. The encapsulant film for a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth step structure and the third step structure maintain a second preset gap in the second direction.

8. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the adhesive film in the third direction is the dimension of the thickness. Within the battery cell region, the thickness of the adhesive film gradually increases or decreases along the second direction.

9. The encapsulant film for a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plurality of battery cell regions include a second recessed region and a second raised region that are sequentially and alternately distributed along the second direction. In two adjacent battery cells (100), one of the battery cells (100) is located in the second recessed region; the other battery cell (100) is located in the second raised region and extends at least partially into the second recessed region.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes a battery string (10), a front encapsulant film (20), and a back encapsulant film (30), wherein the front encapsulant film (20) is disposed on the front side of the battery string (10), and the back encapsulant film (30) is disposed on the back side of the battery string (10), and the front encapsulant film (20) and / or the back encapsulant film (30) are the encapsulant films of photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, Both the front encapsulant film (20) and the back encapsulant film (30) are made of the photovoltaic module encapsulant film as described in any one of claims 1-9; In the first direction, corresponding to the same battery string (10), the thickness variation trend of the battery string region (1) of the front adhesive film (20) is opposite to the thickness variation trend of the battery string region (1) of the back adhesive film (30).

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, Both the front encapsulant film (20) and the back encapsulant film (30) are made of the photovoltaic module encapsulant film as described in any one of claims 1-9; The battery string regions (1) include a first recessed region (11) and a first raised region (12) that are sequentially and alternately distributed along the first direction. The first recessed region (11) on the front adhesive film (20) is opposite to the first raised region (12) on the back adhesive film (30), and the first raised region (12) on the front adhesive film (20) is opposite to the first recessed region (11) on the back adhesive film (30).

13. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 9-12.

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