Cleaning system and cleaning device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a cleaning system and a cleaning device. The cleaning system comprises a heating assembly and the cleaning device. The heating assembly is configured to heat an aerosol generating product to generate aerosol, and the heating assembly comprises a first electrode and a first end used for being inserted into the aerosol generating product. The cleaning device is used for being matched with the heating assembly to clean the surface of the heating assembly, the cleaning device comprises a second electrode, the second electrode comprises a discharging part, at least partial area of the discharging part and the first end of the heating assembly are arranged in a spaced mode, and the second electrode is used for cleaning the surface of the heating assembly. And the discharge part and the first electrode are electrified to generate plasma between the discharge part and the first electrode so as to clean the surface of the heating assembly. The cleaning system is good in cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aerosol generation technology, and in particular to a cleaning device and cleaning system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, aerosol generating articles used with aerosol generating devices include an aerosol forming matrix. The heating element of the aerosol generating device employs central heating, with the central heating element inserted into the aerosol generating matrix for heating. When the aerosol forming matrix generates aerosols during heating, non-volatile organic residues from the aerosol forming matrix remain and accumulate on the surface of the heating element. Therefore, the surface of the central heating element needs to be cleaned. Cleaning of the central heating element is mainly achieved through physical scrubbing, however, these methods are ineffective. Physical scrubbing can easily damage the heating element of the heating assembly and is difficult to clean thoroughly, making the cleaning process inconvenient for users. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the main objective of the embodiments of this application is to provide a cleaning system and cleaning device with good cleaning effect.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a cleaning system, including:

[0006] A heating element configured to heat an aerosol generating article to generate an aerosol, the heating element including a first electrode and a first end for insertion into the aerosol generating article;

[0007] A cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating component to clean the surface of the heating component. The cleaning device includes a second electrode, the second electrode including a discharge section, at least a portion of which is spaced apart from the first end of the heating component. The discharge section and the first electrode are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section and the first electrode to clean the surface of the heating component.

[0008] In one embodiment, during the cleaning process of the cleaning device cleaning the surface of the heating component, the highest temperature of the plasma is greater than or equal to 250°C.

[0009] In one embodiment, the heating component includes an insulating housing, the first electrode is at least partially disposed in the insulating housing, one end of the insulating housing is configured as the first end, and the discharge portion is disposed outside the insulating housing and spaced apart from the first end of the insulating housing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the end of the discharge section near the heating component is a pointed tip.

[0011] In one embodiment, the cleaning system is an aerosol generating device, which includes a shell body and a cover body. The cleaning device is disposed on the cover body, and the heating component is disposed on the shell body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the shell body has a receiving cavity, one end of which is open to form an insertion port. The heating element is disposed within the receiving cavity. When the cover is closed on the shell body, the discharge portion is positioned opposite to the first end of the insulating shell.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cover is movably disposed at one end of the shell body near the insertion port.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cleaning system further includes a first drive component, which is drivenly connected to the cover.

[0015] The first driving component drives the cover to rotate or flip, so that the discharge part is deviated from the insertion port.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the cleaning device and the heating element cooperate, the minimum distance between the discharge part and the heating element is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or,

[0017] The material of the second electrode includes at least one of copper, iron, nickel, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, conductive ceramics, and semiconductor ceramics.

[0018] In one embodiment, the cleaning system includes a power supply assembly, the second electrode further includes an electrical connection portion, the discharge portion is electrically connected to the power supply assembly through the electrical connection portion, and the distance between the discharge portion and the first electrode is smaller than the distance between the electrical connection portion and the first electrode.

[0019] In one embodiment, the cleaning system includes an aerosol generating device, which includes a heating component, a power supply component, and a housing body. The heating component and the power supply component are both disposed on the housing body. The housing body also has an electrical connection channel. The cleaning device further includes an electrode connector, one end of which is electrically connected to the discharge section. The electrode connector is detachably inserted into the electrical connection channel so that the other end of the electrode connector is electrically connected to the power supply component.

[0020] A second aspect of this application provides a cleaning device, which is used in conjunction with a heating element to clean the surface of the heating element, the cleaning device comprising:

[0021] The second electrode includes a discharge section. When the cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating component, at least a portion of the discharge section is positioned opposite and spaced apart from one end of the heating component along its longitudinal extension direction. The discharge section and the first electrode are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section and the heating component, thereby cleaning the surface of the heating component.

[0022] In one embodiment, the end of the discharge section near the heating component is a pointed tip.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the cleaning device cooperates with the heating component, the minimum distance between the discharge part and the heating component is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or,

[0024] The material of the second electrode includes at least one of copper, iron, nickel, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, conductive ceramics, and semiconductor ceramics.

[0025] This application provides a cleaning system and a cleaning apparatus. The heating component of the cleaning system is configured to heat an aerosol generating article to generate an aerosol. The heating component includes a first electrode and a first end for insertion into the aerosol generating article. The cleaning apparatus includes a second electrode, which includes a discharge section. At least a portion of the discharge section is spaced apart from the first end of the heating component. The discharge section and the first electrode are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section and the second electrode, thereby cleaning the surface of the heating component. On one hand, by energizing the discharge section and the first electrode, plasma can be generated between them. This allows the high-heat and high-energy particles in the plasma to bombard dirt on the outer surface of the heating component, resulting in processes such as burning, etching, and sputtering. This allows the dirt to be removed through physical and chemical processes, achieving a better cleaning effect. On the other hand, since at least a portion of the discharge section is spaced apart from the first end of the heating component, the plasma between the discharge section and the heating component can form a jet to bombard dirt on the outer surface of the heating component from one end along its extension direction, resulting in an even better cleaning effect. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the cleaning device and the aerosol generating device in a separated state;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cleaning device.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the cleaning device and the heating element; the heat insulation cylinder is omitted from the diagram.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the intermediate discharge section and the heating element;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the cleaning system;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion at point A in the middle; the discharge section in the image has a different structure.

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the discharge section and the heating element;

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a portion of the heating element;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second electrode and the heating component in another embodiment. Only a part of the structure of the second electrode is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the second electrode and the heating element in another embodiment. Only a portion of the structure of the second electrode is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the second electrode and the heating element in another embodiment. Only a portion of the structure of the second electrode is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another second electrode structure of this application. The figure shows the main body of the shell and only a part of the structure of the second electrode.

[0040] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the fit between the second electrode, the heating element, and the electrode connector. Only a portion of the structure of the second electrode is shown in the diagram.

[0041] Figure 16 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the interaction between the cleaning device, the heating element, and the power supply element, with electrical connection lines shown in the diagram;

[0042] Figure 17 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing another possible interaction between the cleaning device, the heating element, and the power supply element, with electrical connection lines shown in the diagram;

[0043] Figure 18 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing another possible connection between the cleaning device, the heating element, and the power supply element, with electrical connection lines shown in the diagram;

[0044] Figure 19 for Figure 1 Another schematic diagram showing the interaction between the cleaning device, heating element, and power supply element, with electrical connection lines shown.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0046] 10. Cleaning device; 11. Second electrode; 111. Discharge section; 112. First discharge structure; 113. Second discharge structure; 114. Electrical connection section; 12. Cleaning shell; 13. Heat insulation cylinder; 20. Heating component; 21. Insulating shell; 22. First electrode; 23. Third electrode; 24. First end; 30. Shell body; 30a. Electrical insertion channel; 30b. Receiving cavity; 30c. Insertion port; 40. Power supply component; 41. First battery; 42. Second battery; 43. First control module; 44. Second control module; 50. Electrode connector; 60. Switch; 70. Aerosol generating device. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are therefore only examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] In this application, the "extension direction," "radial" orientation, or positional relationship is based on the appendix. Figure 5 The orientation or positional relationship shown is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical term "contact" should be interpreted broadly, and can be direct contact, contact through an intermediate medium layer, contact between two contacting parties with substantially no interaction force, or contact between two contacting parties with interaction force.

[0051] One embodiment of this application provides a cleaning system; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cleaning system includes a heating element 20 and a cleaning device 10, which is used in conjunction with the heating element 20 to clean the surface of the heating element 20.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 The heating element 20 is configured to heat the aerosol generating article to generate an aerosol, and the heating element 20 includes a first electrode 22 and a first end 24 for insertion into the aerosol generating article.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 The cleaning device 10 includes a second electrode 11, which includes a discharge section 111. When the cleaning device 10 cleans the heating component 20, at least a portion of the discharge section 111 is spaced apart from the first end 24 of the heating component 20. The discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 to clean the surface of the heating component 20.

[0054] Another embodiment of this application provides a cleaning device 10, which is the cleaning device 10 described in any embodiment of this application.

[0055] The cleaning device 10 is used in conjunction with the heating element 20.

[0056] Specifically, the cleaning device 10 of this application is used to clean the outer surface of the heating component 20.

[0057] For example, the heating element 20 is the heating element 20 of the aerosol generating device 70. The specific structural form of the heating element 20 is not limited; for example, the heating element 20 is a central heating element.

[0058] For ease of description, this application uses the heating element 20 of the aerosol generating device 70 as an example for description.

[0059] Regarding the aerosol generating device 70, it should be noted that in some embodiments, the cleaning device 10 can be used as an accessory to the aerosol generating device 70. During normal use of the aerosol generating device 70, the cleaning device 10 is not installed on the aerosol generating device 70. The cleaning device 10 is only installed on the aerosol generating device 70 when it is necessary to clean the heating element 20 of the aerosol generating device 70.

[0060] For example, please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cleaning system includes an aerosol generating device 70, which includes a heating element 20, and a cleaning device 10 for use in conjunction with the aerosol generating device 70.

[0061] Of course, in other embodiments, the aerosol generating device 70 may also include a cleaning device 10, that is, the cleaning device 10 may also be a component of the aerosol generating device 70.

[0062] For example, the cleaning system is an aerosol generating device 70, which includes a housing body 30, a cover, and a power supply assembly. The cleaning device 10 is mounted on the cover, and the heating element 20 is mounted on the housing body 30. When the cleaning device 10 is operating, its second electrode 11 is electrically connected to the power supply assembly of the aerosol generating device 70. It is understood that the cleaning device 10 can also have its own independent power supply assembly, and when the cleaning device 10 is operating, its second electrode 11 is electrically connected to its own power supply assembly.

[0063] The heating element 20 is used to heat the aerosol-generating product to generate aerosol.

[0064] The heating element 20 can be a plasma heating element or other types of heating elements 20. However, the heating element 20 needs to have a first electrode 22 so that it can cooperate with the second electrode 11 of the cleaning device 10 to generate plasma between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 11 to clean the outer surface of the insulating shell 21.

[0065] It should be noted that the cleaning device 10 has an electric electrode (i.e., the second electrode 11), and at the same time, it uses the first electrode 22 inside the heating component 20 to generate plasma between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 after being energized.

[0066] It should be noted that the specific method of generating plasma varies depending on the specific structure of the heating component 20.

[0067] For example, please see Figure 5 and Figure 10 The heating component 20 includes an insulating shell 21, which may be a tube. The first electrode 22 is at least partially disposed in the insulating shell 21. One end of the insulating shell 21 is configured as a first end 24 for inserting an aerosol generating product. The discharge part 111 is disposed outside the insulating shell 21 and is spaced apart from the first end 24 of the insulating shell 21.

[0068] Specifically, by providing an insulating shell 21 between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 11, a dielectric barrier discharge circuit architecture can be formed. After the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 11 are connected to the power supply, a dielectric barrier discharge can be formed to clean the outer surface of the heating component 20 through the high heat and high-energy particles of the plasma. It should be noted that the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 11 need to be supplied with high voltage, at least 1KV, preferably 5KV or higher.

[0069] Plasma is a state of matter containing a large number of charged particles and neutral atoms and molecules, and maintaining overall electrical neutrality. Plasma can be generated by the ionization of gas under the influence of an electric field.

[0070] The specific type of the heating element 20 is not limited. In some embodiments, the heating element 20 may be a plasma heating element 20, whereby the first electrode 22 is a conductive element or electrode structure inherent in the plasma heating element 20 itself. Preferably, the first electrode 22 is the electrode structure or conductive element closest to the second electrode 11.

[0071] Of course, in other embodiments, the heating element 20 can also be other types of heating elements with an insulating layer, such as resistive heating elements or electromagnetic hollow heating elements. Therefore, the first electrode 22 can be an independent conductive element built into the heating element, such as a metal wire, whose electrode leads can be led out from the bottom of the heating element.

[0072] Combination Figure 6 The discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 are energized to generate plasma, which can be achieved by corresponding electrical connection with the two poles of the power supply assembly 40.

[0073] The power supply assembly 40 is electrically connected to the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 respectively, so as to generate plasma between the discharge section 111 and the insulating shell 21.

[0074] For example, the portion of the power supply assembly 40 used to supply power to the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 is a high-voltage AC power supply, the specific voltage of which is not limited. For example, the voltage of the power supply assembly 40 is greater than or equal to 1KV.

[0075] Combination Figure 5 When the cleaning device 10 is used in conjunction with the heating element 20 for cleaning, the second electrode 11 is located outside the heating element 20, and the discharge part 111 is located outside one end of the heating element 20 along the extending direction (i.e., the longitudinal extending direction) and is spaced apart from the first electrode 22. The first electrode 22 is located inside the insulating shell 21, so that at least a portion of the insulating shell 21 is located between the discharge part 111 and the first electrode 22, thereby enabling dielectric barrier discharge.

[0076] Plasma is generated between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 through dielectric barrier discharge. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is a high-voltage discharge between two electrodes separated by an insulating dielectric barrier layer. The insulating dielectric is a material with very low conductivity. Due to the insulating dielectric between the two electrodes, the structure of the DBD device is similar to that of a capacitor, capable of conducting alternating current but almost completely unable to conduct direct current. Dielectric barrier discharge is characterized by uniformity and stability, and the discharge process is nearly silent.

[0077] It is understandable that plasma will actually exist between the discharge section 111 and the insulating shell 21, as well as between the insulating shell 21 and the first electrode 22.

[0078] For the second electrode 11, the discharge section 111 is a component that performs high-voltage discharge on the second electrode 11 to generate plasma.

[0079] The discharge section 111 may be partially spaced from the first end 24 of the heating element 20, or the entire section may be spaced from the first end 24 of the heating element 20. The generated plasma can impact the outer surface of the heating element 20 from one end of the heating element 20.

[0080] It should be noted that the principle of plasma cleaning varies depending on the different ways and structures of the cleaning device 10 and the heating component 20, as well as the cleaning process itself.

[0081] For example, during the cleaning process of the cleaning device 10 cleaning the surface of the heating component 20, the highest temperature of the plasma is greater than or equal to 250°C.

[0082] In practice, when the cleaning device 10 is used in conjunction with the heating element 20, the temperature of the plasma generated between the cleaning device 10 and the heating element 20 gradually rises from the initial temperature to the maximum temperature, where the maximum temperature is greater than or equal to 250°C, such as 250°C, 300°C, 600°C, 1000°C, etc.

[0083] Specifically, during the process of the cleaning device 10 and the heating component 20 working together to generate plasma, the temperature of the plasma gradually increases. Its initial temperature is lower than the highest temperature. That is, during the entire cleaning process, there may be an initial plasma impact, a thermal plasma impact, or burning.

[0084] Depending on the specific circumstances, the initial temperature of the plasma can vary, but it is mostly in the tens of degrees Celsius, such as 50°C or 75°C.

[0085] For example, the cleaning device 10 works in conjunction with the heating element 20 to generate cold plasma for cleaning the surface of the heating element 20.

[0086] The heating element 20 of the cleaning system in this embodiment is configured to heat an aerosol generating article to generate an aerosol. The heating element 20 includes a first electrode 22 and a first end 24 for insertion into the aerosol generating article. The cleaning device 10 includes a second electrode 11, which includes a discharge section 111. At least a portion of the discharge section 111 is spaced apart from the first end 24 of the heating element 20. The discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 are energized to generate plasma between them for cleaning the surface of the heating element 20. On one hand, by energizing the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22, plasma can be generated between them. This allows the high-heat and high-energy particles in the plasma to bombard dirt on the outer surface of the heating element 20, resulting in processes such as impact, burning, etching, and sputtering. This allows the dirt to be removed through physical and chemical processes, thus achieving a better cleaning effect. On the other hand, at least a portion of the discharge section 111 is spaced apart from the first end 24 of the heating element 20, thereby the plasma between the discharge section 111 and the heating element 20 can form a jet to bombard the dirt on the outer surface of the heating element 20 from one end along the extension direction, thereby achieving a better cleaning effect.

[0087] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The end of the discharge section 111 near the heating element 20 is a pointed tip.

[0088] Specifically, the end of the discharge section 111 near the heating element 20 is a pointed tip with a gradually decreasing cross-section, which has a better tip discharge effect, thus enhancing the plasma generation effect between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22.

[0089] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge section 111 can gradually decrease towards the side closer to the heating element 20, or only the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge section 111 at the end closer to the heating element 20 can gradually decrease.

[0090] The specific shape of the tip of the discharge section 111 can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0091] For example, please see Figure 5 The tip of the discharge section 111 can be a pyramid, a cone, or other structure with sharp angles. This further enhances the effect of tip discharge, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0092] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The discharge section 111 is located on the outer side of one end of the heating component 20 along the extension direction. From the side away from the discharge section 111 to the side closer to the discharge section 111, the cross-sectional area of ​​the insulating shell 21 gradually decreases at least at the end closer to the discharge section 111.

[0093] Specifically, the end of the insulating shell near the discharge section 111 can also be a pointed tip with a gradually decreasing cross-section, which facilitates the formation of a jet of plasma generated by the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 to guide the plasma to bombard the outer surface of the insulating shell, thereby further improving the cleaning effect.

[0094] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the insulating shell can gradually decrease towards the side closer to the heating component 20, or only the cross-sectional area of ​​the insulating shell closer to the discharge part 111 can gradually decrease.

[0095] The specific shape of the end of the insulating shell can be determined according to the actual situation, such as a pyramid or a cone.

[0096] In the case where the cleaning system is an aerosol generating device 70, please refer to one embodiment. Figures 6 to 9The shell body 30 has a receiving cavity 30b, one end of which is open to form an insertion port 30c. The insertion port 30c is used to insert the aerosol generating product into the receiving cavity 30b. The heating element 20 is disposed within the receiving cavity 30b. When the cover is closed on the shell body 30, at least a portion of the insulating shell 21 and at least a portion of the first electrode 22 are located within the receiving cavity 30b. The discharge section 111 is disposed opposite to the first end 24 of the insulating shell 21. Thus, by mounting the cleaning device 10 as part of the aerosol generating device 70 on the cover, the problem of carrying a separate cleaning device 10 can be avoided during cleaning of the heating element 20 and during normal operation of the heating element 20.

[0097] Specifically, the aerosol generating article is inserted into the receiving cavity 30b through the insertion port 30c, and the heating component 20 can heat the aerosol generating article to generate aerosol.

[0098] Since the aerosol generating product is mostly used in conjunction with the end of the heating element 20 near the insertion port 30c (i.e., the first end 24), the outer surface of the insulating housing 21 near the insertion port 30c (i.e., the first end 24) will have more dirt. Therefore, by setting at least a portion of the discharge section 111 at the end of the insulating housing 21 near the insertion port 30c, the cleaning effect near the end of the heating element 20 can be further improved.

[0099] In one embodiment, the cover is movably disposed at one end of the shell body 30 near the insertion port 30c. That is, the discharge section 111 is integrated into the cover, thereby allowing it to move with the cover and better realize its movement. Simultaneously, the movable arrangement of the discharge section 111 allows it to avoid the aerosol-generating article as it is inserted into the receiving cavity 30b through the insertion port 30c. Furthermore, during cleaning, the discharge section 111 moves to the end of the insulating shell 21 near the insertion port 30c for better cleaning of the insulating shell 21.

[0100] It should be noted that the specific activity mode of the discharge section 111 is not limited.

[0101] For example, the cleaning system also includes a first drive component that is driven connected to the cover.

[0102] The first drive assembly drives the cover to rotate or flip, so that the discharge section 111 is offset from the insertion port 30c.

[0103] Therefore, driven by the first drive assembly, the discharge unit 111 can switch between being disengaged from the insertion port 30c and being located in the insertion port 30c by rotating or flipping. This satisfies the common requirements of inserting the aerosol-generated article into the receiving cavity 30b and cleaning the outer surface of the heating element 20 by the cleaning device 10.

[0104] In addition to the discharge section 111, the second electrode 11 may also include other discharge structures.

[0105] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 11 In addition to the discharge section 111, the second electrode 11 also includes at least one first discharge structure 112, which extends around the outer circumference of the insulating housing 21 during cleaning. That is, the second electrode 11 may include one or more first discharge structures 112, which extend along the outer circumference of the insulating housing 21. This allows for circumferential cleaning of the heating component 20.

[0106] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 12 In addition to the discharge section 111, the second electrode 11 also includes a plurality of first discharge structures 112. These first discharge structures 112 are used to be fitted onto the outside of the insulating shell 21 during cleaning, and are spaced apart along the extending direction of the insulating shell 21. That is, on the one hand, the first discharge structures 112 themselves extend along the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the insulating shell 21 from a circumferential perspective. On the other hand, the plurality of first discharge structures 112 can be spaced apart circumferentially, thereby increasing the cleaning range of the insulating shell 21 from its extending direction. It is understood that the discharge section 111 and the first discharge structures 112 can operate simultaneously, both generating plasma between themselves and the second electrode 22.

[0107] For example, please see Figure 10 and Figure 13 In addition to the discharge section 111, the second electrode 11 also includes a plurality of second discharge structures 113, each of which is spaced apart around the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21. That is, by providing a plurality of second discharge structures 113 spaced apart around the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21, the purpose of arranging the discharge section 111 around the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21 is achieved, thereby improving the cleaning effect. It is understood that the discharge section 111 and the second discharge structures 113 can operate simultaneously, both generating plasma between themselves and the second electrode 22.

[0108] For the second electrode 11, in addition to including the discharge section 111, the second electrode 11 may include only the first discharge structure 112, or only the second discharge structure 113, or both the first discharge structure 112 and the second discharge structure 113.

[0109] The specific shape of the first discharge structure 112 can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0110] For example, the first discharge structure 112 is annular. That is, the first discharge structure 112 is a discharge ring extending around the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21, which can improve the cleaning effect of the outer circumference of the insulating shell 21.

[0111] For example, the first discharge structure 112 is arc-shaped. That is, the first discharge structure 112 is an arc-shaped structure with a notch, such as a C-shaped discharge structure.

[0112] For example, the second electrode 11 includes a plurality of first discharge structures 112, the first discharge structures 112 are arc-shaped, and at least two first discharge structures 112 are spliced ​​together to form a ring structure.

[0113] For example, the first discharge structure 112 is tubular. That is, the first discharge structure 112 is a tubular structure that is sleeved on the outer periphery of the insulating shell 21.

[0114] For example, the first discharge structure 112 is a mesh discharge structure or a spiral discharge structure.

[0115] It should be noted that the second electrode 11 may include only one type of first discharge structure 112 as described above, or it may include multiple types of first discharge structures 112 with different structures.

[0116] It should be noted that the specific shape of the second discharge structure 113 can also be determined according to the actual situation.

[0117] For example, the second discharge structure 113 is a strip-shaped discharge structure or a plate-shaped discharge structure extending along the extension direction of the insulating shell 21. That is, on the one hand, the second discharge structure 113 itself extends along the extension direction of the insulating shell 21 to improve the cleaning range and effect in the extension direction of the insulating shell 21. On the other hand, multiple second discharge structures 113 are spaced apart around the outer periphery of the insulating shell 21, thereby improving the cleaning effect in the circumferential direction of the insulating shell 21.

[0118] In one specific embodiment, the second electrode 11 includes three second discharge structures 113, which are equally spaced along the circumference of the insulating shell 21. This allows for better cleaning of the outer surface of the insulating shell 21.

[0119] In one embodiment, when the cleaning device 10 and the heating element 20 are engaged, the minimum distance between the discharge part 111 and the heating element 20 is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm. For example, 0 mm, 2 mm, or 4 mm.

[0120] Specifically, the minimum distance between the discharge section 111 and the heating element 20 should not be too large. If it is too large, the plasma generation between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 will be poor, and a higher voltage will be required. Higher voltage also places higher demands on energy consumption and insulation safety. Therefore, controlling the minimum distance between the discharge section 111 and the heating element 20 within the aforementioned range allows for better plasma generation, thus improving the cleaning effect. The minimum distance between the discharge section 111 and the heating element 20 should not be too small, as this would prevent the heating element 20 from being inserted into the internal space of the cleaning device 10.

[0121] In one embodiment, the material of the second electrode 11 includes at least one of copper, iron, nickel, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, conductive ceramic, and semiconductor ceramic. That is, the second electrode 11 can be formed from one of the above materials, a combination of the above materials, or a composite of the above materials and other materials. Using the above materials can significantly improve the conductivity and heat resistance of the second electrode 11.

[0122] In one embodiment, the cleaning system includes a power supply assembly 40, and the second electrode 11 further includes an electrical connection portion 114. The discharge portion 111 is electrically connected to the power supply assembly 40 through the electrical connection portion 114, and the distance between the discharge portion 111 and the first electrode 22 is smaller than the distance between the electrical connection portion 114 and the first electrode 22.

[0123] Specifically, the electrical connection 114 is a component on the second electrode 11 used to connect the discharge section 111 and the power supply assembly 40. It is understood that the distance between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 is smaller than the distance between the electrical connection 114 and the first electrode 22. This ensures that plasma is generated between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22, rather than between the electrical connection 114 and the first electrode 22, thus improving safety.

[0124] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figures 6-8 The cleaning system includes an aerosol generating device 70 and a power supply assembly 40. The aerosol generating device 70 includes a heating element 20 and a housing 30. The housing 30 has an electrical insertion channel 30a. The cleaning device 10 also includes an electrode connector 50. One end of the electrode connector 50 is electrically connected to the discharge section 111. The electrode connector 50 is detachably inserted into the electrical insertion channel 30a so that the other end of the electrode connector 50 is electrically connected to the power supply assembly 40.

[0125] Therefore, by directly inserting the electrode connector 50 into the electrical connection channel 30a, the power supply assembly 40 and the discharge section 111 can be electrically connected, which has the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly and stable electrical connection.

[0126] The electrode connector 50 is a component on the cleaning device 10, used to cooperate with the aerosol generating device 70. It is understood that the electrode connector 50 can also be a component on the aerosol generating device 70, as long as it can ensure electrical conductivity with the discharge unit 111.

[0127] Combination Figure 6 In one embodiment, the power supply component 40 is a power supply structure within the aerosol generating device 70. Thus, by inserting the electrode connector 50 into the electrical connection channel 30a, the discharge section 111 and the power supply component 40 can be electrically connected, thereby enabling the power supply component 40 to simultaneously supply power to the first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111.

[0128] The specific method of electrical connection between electrode connector 50 and discharge section 111 is not limited, such as using a PIN to PIN method.

[0129] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 10 The electrode connector 50 extends along the extending direction of the insulating housing 21 and is spaced apart from the heating element 20 along the radial direction of the insulating housing 21. Therefore, on the one hand, the electrode connector 50's structure extending along the extending direction of the insulating housing 21 allows the second electrode 11 and the electrode connector 50 to form a U-shaped connection path, which better maintains the integrity of the cleaning system's main unit's appearance. On the other hand, the spaced arrangement of the electrode connector 50 and the second electrode 11 improves safety performance.

[0130] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The cleaning device 10 also includes a cleaning housing 12, which is made of insulating material. The electrical connection between the electrode connector 50 and the second electrode 11 is located inside the cleaning housing 12. Therefore, the cleaning housing 12, made of insulating material with high insulation strength, can effectively prevent users from being shocked by high-voltage electricity when holding the cleaning device 10, thus improving safety performance.

[0131] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15The cleaning system includes an aerosol generating device 70, which includes a heating element 20, a power supply element 40, an electrode connector 50, and a housing body 30. The electrode connector 50 is disposed on the housing body 30 and is electrically connected to the power supply element 40. The second electrode 11 also includes an electrical connection portion 114. One end of the electrical connection portion 114 is electrically connected to the discharge portion 111. The electrical connection portion 114 is located at the end of the discharge portion 111 near the electrode connector 50. When the cleaning device 10 is used in conjunction with the aerosol generating device 70, the other end of the electrical connection portion 114 is used to contact the electrode connector 50 for electrical connection.

[0132] Therefore, the power supply assembly 40 and the discharge unit 111 can be electrically connected directly through the electrical connection part 114 and the electrode connector 50, which has the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly and stable electrical connection.

[0133] The electrode connector 50 is a component on the aerosol generating device 70, which is used to cooperate with the electrical connection part 114 of the cleaning device 10.

[0134] The power supply assembly 40 can be the power supply structure within the aerosol generating device 70. Thus, by contacting the electrode connector 50 through the electrical connection part 114, the discharge part 111 and the power supply assembly 40 can be electrically connected, thereby enabling the power supply assembly 40 to simultaneously supply power to the first electrode 22 and the discharge part 111.

[0135] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 10 The cleaning system includes a power supply component 40, a heating component 20 which is a plasma heating component 20, and a third electrode 23. At least a portion of the third electrode 23 is disposed within an insulating housing 21 and is spaced apart from the first electrode 22. The third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 are electrically connected to the power supply component 40 respectively, so that plasma is generated between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22.

[0136] Specifically, the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 cooperate to generate plasma within the insulating housing 21. The plasma generation process generates a large amount of heat, and the plasma temperature can reach very high levels, such as 800℃ to 2000℃, during operation. This allows the heating element 20 to maintain a good temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the aerosol-generated product through infrared radiation and heat conduction.

[0137] It should be noted that the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 can generate plasma through dielectric barrier discharge. For example, the heating element 20 also includes an insulating member disposed at the interval between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22. Thus, the purpose of generating plasma through dielectric barrier discharge can be achieved, thereby realizing the heating of the heating element 20.

[0138] Of course, the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 can also be heated by an electric arc. For example, if there is no insulating structure at the gap between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22, when the voltage of the power supply assembly 40 is high enough, high voltage is applied to the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22, so that the gap between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 is broken down by high voltage discharge, thereby generating a plasma arc.

[0139] In addition, in other embodiments, the heating element 20 may also employ other types of heating body structures. Exemplarily, the heating element 20 further includes a heating wire disposed within the insulating housing 21, and an infrared film layer attached to the heating wire. The power supply assembly 40 supplies power to the heating wire to heat it. The first electrode 22 may be one of the electrodes at both ends of the heating wire, or it may be an additional electrode added within the insulating housing 21.

[0140] The third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 are respectively electrically connected to the two corresponding stages of the power supply assembly 40. The part of the power supply assembly 40 used to supply power to the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 is a high-voltage power supply, the type of which needs to be determined according to the actual situation.

[0141] For example, an insulating element is provided between the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23, and the two generate plasma through dielectric barrier discharge. The part of the power supply assembly 40 used to supply power to the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 is a high-voltage AC power supply.

[0142] For example, there is no insulating component between the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23. The two generate a plasma arc by breaking down the air at the gap through high voltage discharge. The part of the power supply assembly 40 used to supply power to the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 can be a high voltage AC power supply or a high voltage DC power supply.

[0143] It should be noted that the cleaning system has a cleaning state and a heating state. In the heating state, the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 generate plasma, causing the heating component 20 to heat up, thereby heating the aerosol-generated product. At this time, depending on the actual situation, the circuit between the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 can be either connected or disconnected.

[0144] In the cleaning state, the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 generate plasma, which cleans the outer surface of the insulating shell 21. At this time, depending on the actual situation, the circuit between the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 can be either connected or disconnected.

[0145] For example, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 17The discharge section 111 and the third electrode 23 are connected in parallel. In cleaning mode, the circuits between the discharge section 111, the third electrode 23, and the first electrode 22 and the power supply assembly 40 are connected, and plasma is generated between the first electrode 22 and the third electrode 23, and between the first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111. That is, the cleaning system performs cleaning and heating simultaneously. In heating mode, the cleaning device 10 is separated from the heating assembly 20. The circuits between the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 and the power supply assembly 40 are connected, while the circuit between the discharge section 111 and the power supply assembly 40 is disconnected. Plasma is generated only between the first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111. That is, the cleaning system only performs heating and does not perform cleaning.

[0146] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 18 The cleaning system has a cleaning state and a heating state. When the cleaning system is in the cleaning state, the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111 and the first electrode 22 is connected, and the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23 is disconnected.

[0147] When the cleaning system is in a heating state, the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23 and the first electrode 22 is connected, and the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111 is disconnected.

[0148] The cleaning system also includes a switch 60, which is used to selectively activate the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111, as well as the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23, so that the cleaning system switches between a cleaning state and a heating state.

[0149] Specifically, by setting a switch 60, the circuit between the power supply assembly 40 and the discharge unit 111 can be turned on, and the circuit between the power supply assembly 40 and the third electrode 23 can be turned off. This allows the cleaning system to perform only the cleaning task.

[0150] Simultaneously, the circuit between the power supply assembly 40 and the third electrode 23 is turned on by the switch 60, while the circuit between the power supply assembly 40 and the discharge section 111 is turned off. This allows the cleaning system to operate solely on heating.

[0151] It is understandable that disconnecting the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111 in the heating state, and disconnecting the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23 in the cleaning state, can achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption.

[0152] It should be noted that the switching operation of switch 60 can be set according to the actual situation, such as switching through software or hardware switch.

[0153] In one embodiment, the cleaning system further includes an insertion detection component for detecting whether the cleaning device 10 is engaged with the heating component 20. A switch 60 is signal-connected to the insertion detection component to switch circuits based on the detection result. Thus, the switching of the switch 60 corresponds to the detection signal of the insertion detection component, enabling accurate switching of the switch 60.

[0154] It is understandable that the insertion detection component only needs to be able to detect that the cleaning device 10 has been inserted into the receiving cavity 30b of the aerosol generating device 70, and the specific detection method is not limited.

[0155] For example, the insertion detection component uses at least one of capacitance detection, pressure detection, electromagnetic detection, infrared detection, image detection, and QR code detection to confirm whether the cleaning device 10 is engaged with the heating component 20. In other words, the insertion detection component can employ any of the above detection methods, or a combination of multiple detection methods, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0156] For example, when the cleaning device 10 is installed in place and the insertion detection component receives the corresponding insertion signal, the main unit of the cleaning system controls the switching switch 60 to turn on the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111, and to turn off the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23, based on the insertion signal from the insertion detection component. Conversely, when the cleaning device 10 is detached from the heating component 20 and the insertion detection component receives the corresponding detachment signal, the main unit of the cleaning system controls the switching switch 60 to turn on the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the third electrode 23, and to turn off the circuit between the power supply component 40 and the discharge section 111, based on the detachment signal from the insertion detection component.

[0157] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 19 The cleaning system includes a power supply assembly 40, which includes a first battery 41, a second battery 42, a first control module 43, and a second control module 44. The aerosol generating device 70 includes the first battery 41 and the first control module 43. The cleaning device 10 includes the second battery 42 and the second control module 44. The heating element 20 is electrically connected to the first battery 41 via the first control module 43. The first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111 are electrically connected to the second battery 42 via the second control module 44. This reduces the size of the aerosol generating device 70 and increases the flexibility of the cleaning device 10.

[0158] Specifically, the power supply assembly 40 includes two battery structures and two control modules. One battery structure and control module (i.e., the first battery 41 and the first control module 43) is a component of the aerosol generating device 70. The other battery structure and control module (i.e., the second battery 42 and the second control module 44) is a component of the cleaning device 10, meaning the cleaning device 10 has its own battery structure.

[0159] When the cleaning system is in a heated state, the first battery 41 operates to supply power to the heating component 20 through the first control module 43, and since the cleaning device 10 is separated from the aerosol generating device 70, the cleaning device 10 does not participate in the operation at this time.

[0160] When the cleaning system is in cleaning mode, the second battery 42 operates to supply power to the first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111 via the second control module 44. At this time, the first battery 41 and the first control module 43 are not operating, and their specific control methods are not limited.

[0161] Understandably, on the one hand, the use of two battery structures and control modules can meet the different operating voltage requirements of the cleaning device 10, and at the same time can simplify the overall structure of the aerosol generating device 70.

[0162] It should be noted that the specific structure of the first control module 43 and the second control module 44 is not limited.

[0163] For example, the first control module 43 includes a first control circuit and a first transformer.

[0164] For example, the second control module 44 includes a second control circuit and a second transformer.

[0165] The first control circuit and the second control circuit may both include a boost module and an inverter module.

[0166] When the output voltage needs to be DC voltage, the first control module 43 and the second control module 44 also include a rectifier module.

[0167] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 16 The cleaning system includes a power supply assembly 40, which includes a first battery 41, a first control module 43, and a second control module 44. The aerosol generating device 70 includes the first battery 41 and the first control module 43. The cleaning device 10 includes the second control module 44. The heating element 20 is electrically connected to the first battery 41 via the first control module 43. The first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111 are electrically connected to the first battery 41 via the second control module 44. This reduces the cost of the cleaning device 10.

[0168] Specifically, the power supply assembly 40 includes only one battery structure and two control modules. One control module of the battery structure (i.e., the first control module 43) is a component of the aerosol generating device 70. The other control module (i.e., the second control module 44) is a component of the cleaning device 10; that is, the cleaning device 10 does not have a battery but has its own control module.

[0169] In other words, when the cleaning system is in a heated state, the first battery 41 works to supply power to the heating component 20 through the first control module 43, and since the cleaning device 10 is separated from the aerosol generating device 70, the cleaning device 10 does not participate in the work at this time.

[0170] When the cleaning system is in cleaning mode, by switching, the first battery 41 does not supply power to the first control module 43, but supplies power to the first electrode 22 and the discharge section 111 through the second control module 44. The switching between the first battery 41, the first control module 43 and the second control module 44 can be set according to actual conditions.

[0171] In other embodiments, the first control module 43 and the second control module 44 may also be disposed within the shell body 30 of the aerosol generating device 70.

[0172] In some embodiments, a heat insulation structure may also be provided between the second electrode 11 and other structures of the aerosol generating device 70.

[0173] In one embodiment, the second electrode 11 is made of a high-temperature resistant material. For example, the second electrode 11 can withstand temperatures of 700°C to 800°C or higher.

[0174] In one embodiment, the cleaning device 10 further includes a heat insulation cylinder 13, and the second electrode 11 is disposed inside the heat insulation cylinder 13. When the cleaning device 10 is installed on the heating component 20, the heat insulation cylinder 13 covers the outer periphery of the insulating shell 21.

[0175] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in a specific embodiment," or "exemplary," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine the different embodiments or examples described in this application, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0176] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application are included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A cleaning system, characterized in that, include: A heating element configured to heat an aerosol generating article to generate an aerosol, the heating element including a first electrode and a first end for insertion into the aerosol generating article; A cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating component to clean the surface of the heating component. The cleaning device includes a second electrode, the second electrode including a discharge section, at least a portion of which is spaced apart from the first end of the heating component. The discharge section and the first electrode are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section and the first electrode to clean the surface of the heating component.

2. The cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the cleaning process of the cleaning device on the surface of the heating component, the highest temperature of the plasma is greater than or equal to 250°C.

3. The cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating component includes an insulating housing, the first electrode is at least partially disposed in the insulating housing, one end of the insulating housing is configured as the first end, and the discharge part is disposed outside the insulating housing and spaced apart from the first end of the insulating housing.

4. The cleaning system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The end of the discharge section near the heating element is a pointed tip.

5. The cleaning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning system is an aerosol generating device, which includes a shell body and a cover body. The cleaning device is disposed on the cover body, and the heating component is disposed on the shell body.

6. The cleaning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shell body has a receiving cavity, one end of which is open to form an insertion port. The heating component is disposed in the receiving cavity. When the cover is closed on the shell body, the discharge part is disposed opposite to the first end of the insulating shell.

7. The cleaning system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cover is movably disposed at one end of the shell body near the insertion port.

8. The cleaning system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning system also includes a first drive component, which is drivenly connected to the cover. The first driving component drives the cover to rotate or flip, so that the discharge part is deviated from the insertion port.

9. The cleaning system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, When the cleaning device and the heating element are used together, the minimum distance between the discharge part and the heating element is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, The material of the second electrode includes at least one of copper, iron, nickel, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, conductive ceramics, and semiconductor ceramics.

10. The cleaning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning system includes a power supply assembly, and the second electrode further includes an electrical connection portion. The discharge portion is electrically connected to the power supply assembly through the electrical connection portion, and the distance between the discharge portion and the first electrode is smaller than the distance between the electrical connection portion and the first electrode.

11. The cleaning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning system includes an aerosol generating device, which includes a heating component, a power supply component, and a housing. The heating component and the power supply component are both disposed on the housing. The housing also has an electrical connection channel. The cleaning device further includes an electrode connector. One end of the electrode connector is electrically connected to the discharge section. The electrode connector is detachably inserted into the electrical connection channel so that the other end of the electrode connector is electrically connected to the power supply component.

12. A cleaning device, characterized in that, The cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating element to clean the surface of the heating element, and the cleaning device includes: The second electrode includes a discharge section. When the cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating component, at least a portion of the discharge section is positioned opposite and spaced apart from one end of the heating component along its longitudinal extension direction. The discharge section and the first electrode are energized to generate plasma between the discharge section and the heating component, thereby cleaning the surface of the heating component.

13. The cleaning device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The end of the discharge section near the heating element is a pointed tip.

14. The cleaning device according to claim 12, characterized in that, When the cleaning device is used in conjunction with the heating element, the minimum distance between the discharge part and the heating element is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, The material of the second electrode includes at least one of copper, iron, nickel, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, conductive ceramics, and semiconductor ceramics.

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