Vertical sand silo suitable for concentrating and dehydrating tailings

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical sand silo suitable for tailing concentration and dehydration, and belongs to the technical field of tailing treatment.The vertical sand silo suitable for tailing concentration and dehydration comprises a plurality of supporting legs, a settling tank is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the supporting legs, and a plurality of second fixing frames are fixedly connected into the settling tank; a central pipe is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame, an extrusion mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower end of the settling tank, a motor frame is fixedly connected to the end, away from the settling tank, of the extrusion mechanism, a driving mechanism is arranged in the motor frame in a penetrating mode, and a mud scraping mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper end of the driving mechanism. Through the use of the extrusion mechanism, the driving mechanism and the mud scraping mechanism, the water content of tailings during discharging can be changed, the sand discharging concentration is stable, meanwhile, high-pressure gas can be filled into small gaps of the tailings, hardening of the tailings is damaged, and the tailings can be discharged through the extrusion pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tailings treatment technology, specifically relating to a vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical sand silo for tailings thickening and dewatering is a large-scale gravity settling device specifically designed for treating tailings slurry generated after mineral processing. Essentially, it is a tall, deep cylindrical silo. Its core working principle relies on gravity to achieve solid-liquid separation: the tailings slurry is fed into the center of the silo top, and during the slow settling process, solid tailings particles settle to the bottom of the silo under gravity, being concentrated into a high-density "paste." Simultaneously, the clarified water separated from the upper layer overflows naturally from the overflow weir around the silo top and is recycled. To enhance the separation effect, flocculants are often added to promote rapid flocculation and sedimentation of fine particles. Through this process, the vertical sand silo can ultimately provide a stable supply of uniformly concentrated and qualified filling slurry to the underground filling system, significantly reducing the return water load. It plays an irreplaceable role in achieving tailings reduction, resource recovery, and improving the recycling rate of mine wastewater.

[0003] However, existing vertical sand bins are prone to caking and difficulty in discharging fine tailings. At the same time, it is difficult to accurately control the moisture content of the tailings, which can easily lead to unstable discharge concentration and affect the quality of the backfill. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering, including several support legs, a settling tank fixedly connected to the upper end of several support legs, several second fixed frames fixedly connected inside the settling tank, a central tube fixedly connected to the second fixed frames, an extrusion mechanism fixedly connected to the lower end of the settling tank, a motor frame fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion mechanism away from the settling tank, a drive mechanism passing through the motor frame, and a sludge scraping mechanism fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive mechanism; The drive mechanism includes a main shaft that is rotatably connected through a motor frame. The sludge scraping mechanism includes a connecting rod that is fixedly connected to the main shaft. A scraper is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod away from the main shaft. Several air jet boxes are fixedly connected to the scraper.

[0006] The above technical solution can change the moisture content of tailings during discharge by using the extrusion mechanism, drive mechanism and scraper mechanism, so as to stabilize the discharge concentration. At the same time, high pressure air can be injected into the tiny gaps of tailings to break the tailings caking, so that the tailings can be discharged through the extrusion pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, an overflow weir is fixedly connected to the upper end of the settling tank, an overflow trough is fixedly connected to the end of the settling tank near the overflow weir, a second outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the overflow trough, a flocculant delivery pump is fixedly connected to one side of the settling tank, a delivery pipe is fixedly connected inside the settling tank, the output end of the flocculant delivery pump is connected to the delivery pipe, an annular pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the delivery pipe away from the flocculant delivery pump, an outlet is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular pipe, a pair of fixed pipes are fixedly connected to the outlet, the fixed pipes are fixedly connected to the settling tank, and a second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support leg.

[0008] The above technical solution can mix flocculant with tailings, allowing tailings to settle faster, while the upper layer of clear water flows into the overflow trough through the overflow weir and is then discharged through the second outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, several supports are fixedly connected to the lower end of the central tube, and a reflector is fixedly connected to the end of each support away from the central tube. A tailings input pipe is fixedly connected through the side wall of the settling tank, and the tailings input pipe is fixedly connected through the central tube. A bell mouth is fixedly connected to the end of the tailings input pipe located inside the central tube. Air compressors are fixedly connected to both sides of the settling tank. A third fixed frame is fixedly connected inside the settling tank, and a rotary joint is fixedly connected to the third fixed frame. The end of the main shaft away from the motor frame is rotatably connected through the rotary joint. An air supply pipe is opened inside the third fixed frame. The output end of the air compressor is connected to the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is connected to the rotary joint.

[0010] The above technical solution can provide support for the spindle while supplying air to the jet box through the rotary joint.

[0011] Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the settling tank, a water collection shell fixedly connected to the outside of the extrusion pipe, a first water outlet pipe fixedly connected to one side of the water collection shell, and a filter hole provided on the extrusion pipe.

[0012] With the above technical solution, when the tailings are extruded, the tailings are pushed into the extrusion pipe by the spiral fan blades. At this time, the outlet of the extrusion pipe is blocked by the sealing plate pushed by the first spring, thereby increasing the pressure inside the extrusion pipe, squeezing out the excess water in the tailings, and allowing the excess water to enter the water collection shell through the filter holes and be discharged through the first water outlet pipe. When the pressure inside the extrusion pipe is greater than the thrust provided by the first spring, the tailings push open the sealing plate and are discharged from the tailings outlet, so that the sand discharge concentration is stable and the quality of the backfill is greatly improved.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor frame includes a first fixed frame fixedly connected to the lower end of the extrusion mechanism. The first fixed frame has tailings outlets on both sides of the end near the extrusion mechanism. Slides are fixedly connected to both sides of the first fixed frame near the tailings outlets. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first fixed frame. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The lower end of the main shaft is provided with threads. A nut is sleeved on the threads. A flat thrust ball bearing is provided on the upper end of the nut. A top plate is slidably connected through the main shaft.

[0014] The above technical solution allows for the convenient discharge of tailings through the tailings outlet while fixing the drive motor.

[0015] Furthermore, a first spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate, and a sealing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring away from the top plate. A spiral fan blade is fixedly connected to the main shaft near the sealing plate. The main shaft is slidably connected through the sealing plate. A connecting pipe is opened in the main shaft. A first air inlet pipe is opened at the upper end of the main shaft. The connecting pipe and the first air inlet pipe are connected.

[0016] By using the above technical solution, by setting threads, nuts and top plates on the main shaft mechanism, and by rotating the nut to change the distance between the top plate and the sealing plate, the thrust provided by the first spring can be changed, thereby changing the maximum pressure of the tailings in the extrusion pipe, and thus changing the water content in the tailings, which can be adapted to different tailings.

[0017] Furthermore, a second air inlet pipe is provided inside the connecting rod, and the second air inlet pipe is connected to the connecting pipe. An air inlet hole is provided at the bottom of the jet box, and the connecting pipe is connected to the air inlet hole. One end of the jet box is inclined, and an air inlet hole is provided at the inclined end of the jet box. A pair of sliding rods are fixedly connected inside the jet box, and a slider is slidably connected through the sliding rods. Both ends of the slider are rotatably connected to swing arms, and a roller is fixedly connected to the end of the swing arm away from the slider.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, by using the jet box, high-pressure air compressed by the compressor is injected into the jet box through the first air inlet pipe, connecting pipe, second air inlet pipe and air inlet hole. In the initial state, the pressure inside the jet box is too low, and the gas cannot push the sealing plug. At this time, the second spring pushes the swing arm to apply pressure to both sides, so that the roller is stuck in the locking groove. As the pressure inside the jet box gradually increases, the sealing plug drives the slider to move through the connecting rod. When the thrust of the high-pressure gas pushing the sealing plug is greater than the thrust of the second spring to both sides and the thrust of the third spring, the swing arm rotates inward, driving the roller to disengage from the locking groove, so that the slider can move, the sealing plug moves outward and opens, and the high-pressure gas is ejected through the jet hole. The high-pressure gas enters the tiny gaps of the tailings, greatly increasing the pore water pressure between the particles and destroying the stable structure formed between the solid particles, making the caking tailings layer fluidized, which facilitates the discharge of tailings through the extrusion pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, locking grooves are fixedly connected to both sides of the jet box, and the rollers and locking grooves engage with each other. A first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the swing arm, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the first fixing plates. A third spring is fixedly connected to the end of the slider away from the locking groove, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the slider near the third spring. A sealing plug is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the slider, and the sealing plug passes through the sliding connection jet hole.

[0020] With the above technical solution, high-pressure gas enters the jet box through the first intake pipe, connecting pipe, second intake pipe, and intake hole. At this time, the sealing plug blocks the jet hole, and the second spring pushes the swing arm to open to both sides, so that the roller on the swing arm is locked in the locking groove. The slider also provides thrust to the swing arm under the push of the third spring, so that the swing arm pushes the roller to be tightly locked in the locking groove. As the compressor does work, the air pressure in the jet box gradually increases. The high-pressure gas pushes the sealing plug, and the sealing plug pulls the slider through the connecting rod. When the pressure is high enough, the roller breaks through the thrust of the second spring and moves inward, disengaging from the locking groove. The slider breaks through the thrust of the third spring and moves along the sliding rod, so that the sealing plug moves outward, opening the jet hole and spraying out the high-pressure gas.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention uses the main shaft mechanism and the extrusion mechanism in combination. When the tailings are extruded, the tailings are pushed into the extrusion pipe by the spiral fan blade. At this time, the outlet of the extrusion pipe is blocked by the sealing plate pushed by the first spring, thereby increasing the pressure in the extrusion pipe and squeezing out the excess water in the tailings. The excess water enters the water collection shell through the filter hole and is discharged through the first water outlet pipe. When the pressure in the extrusion pipe is greater than the thrust provided by the first spring, the tailings push open the sealing plate and are discharged from the tailings outlet, so that the discharge concentration is stable and the quality of the filler is greatly improved; (2) The present invention sets threads, nuts and top plates on the main shaft mechanism. By rotating the nut, the distance between the top plate and the sealing plate is changed, thereby changing the thrust provided by the first spring. This can change the maximum pressure of the tailings in the extrusion pipe, thereby changing the water content in the tailings. It can adapt to different tailings. At the same time, the main shaft drives the scraping mechanism to rotate, which can remove the bottom of the settling tank. (3) By using the jet box, the high-pressure air compressed by the compressor is filled into the jet box through the first air inlet pipe, the connecting pipe, the second air inlet pipe and the air inlet hole. In the initial state, the pressure in the jet box is too small. At this time, the gas cannot push the sealing plug. At this time, the second spring pushes the swing arm to apply pressure to both sides, so that the roller is stuck in the locking groove. As the pressure in the jet box gradually increases, the sealing plug drives the slider to move through the connecting rod. When the thrust of the high-pressure gas pushing the sealing plug is greater than the thrust of the second spring to both sides and the thrust of the third spring, the swing arm rotates inward, driving the roller to disengage from the locking groove, so that the slider can move. The sealing plug moves outward and opens, so that the high-pressure gas is sprayed out through the jet hole. The high-pressure gas enters the tiny gap of the tail sand, greatly increasing the pore water pressure between the particles and destroying the stable structure formed between the solid particles, making the clumped tail sand layer fluidized, which makes it convenient for the tail sand to be discharged through the extrusion pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a third-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the flocculant spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the sludge scraping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the jet box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the jet box of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1. Support leg; 2. Settling tank; 3. Extrusion mechanism; 31. Extrusion pipe; 32. Filter hole; 33. Water collection shell; 34. First outlet pipe; 4. Motor frame; 41. First fixing frame; 42. Tailings outlet; 43. Slide rail; 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Drive motor; 52. Main shaft; 53. Thread; 54. Nut; 55. Flat thrust ball bearing; 56. Top plate; 57. First spring; 58. Sealing plate; 59. Spiral fan blade; 510. Connecting pipe; 511. First air inlet pipe; 6. Sludge scraping mechanism; 61. Connecting rod; 62. Scraper; 63. Air jet box; 64. Air inlet; 65. Slide rod; 66. Air jet hole; 6 7. Slider; 68. Swing arm; 69. Roller; 610. First fixed plate; 611. Second spring; 612. Locking groove; 613. Third spring; 614. Connecting rod; 615. Sealing plug; 616. Second air inlet pipe; 7. Second fixed frame; 8. Central pipe; 9. Overflow trough; 10. Overflow weir; 11. Second water outlet pipe; 12. Air compressor; 13. Third fixed frame; 14. Gas delivery pipe; 15. Rotary joint; 16. Flocculant delivery pump; 17. Liquid delivery pipe; 18. Circular pipe; 19. Liquid outlet; 20. Fixed pipe; 21. Tailings input pipe; 22. Trumpet mouth; 23. Support; 24. Reflector; 25. Second fixed plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] like Figures 1-11As shown, a vertical sand silo suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering in this embodiment includes several support legs 1. A settling tank 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of each support leg 1. Several second fixing frames 7 are fixedly connected inside the settling tank 2. A central pipe 8 is fixedly connected to each second fixing frame 7. An overflow weir 10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the settling tank 2. An overflow trough 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the settling tank 2 near the overflow weir 10. A second outlet pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the overflow trough 9. A flocculant delivery pump 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the settling tank 2. A delivery pipe 17 is fixedly connected inside the settling tank 2. The output end of the flocculant delivery pump 16 is connected to the delivery pipe 17. An annular pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the end of the delivery pipe 17 away from the flocculant delivery pump 16. The lower end of the pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the outlet 19, and a pair of fixed pipes 20 are fixedly connected to the outlet 19. The fixed pipes 20 are fixedly connected to the settling tank 2. The lower end of the support leg 1 is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate 25. The tailings enter the central pipe 8 through the tailings input pipe 21 and are sprayed out from the horn mouth 22. Then the tailings fall on the reflector plate 24 and enter the settling tank 2. The flocculant delivery pump 16 sends the flocculant into the annular pipe 18 through the delivery pipe 17. Then the flocculant is sprayed out through the outlet 19 and enters the tailings, where it is fully mixed with the tailings. The tailings settle in the settling tank 2. The clear water at the top flows into the overflow trough 9 through the overflow weir 10 and is discharged through the second water outlet pipe 11, while the heavier tailings settle at the bottom of the settling tank 2.

[0026] Several supports 23 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the central tube 8. A reflector 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the support 23 away from the central tube 8. A tailings input pipe 21 is fixedly connected through the side wall of the settling tank 2. The tailings input pipe 21 is fixedly connected through the central tube 8. A bell mouth 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the tailings input pipe 21 located inside the central tube 8. Compressors 12 are fixedly connected to both sides of the settling tank 2. A third fixed frame 13 is fixedly connected inside the settling tank 2. A rotary joint 15 is fixedly connected to the third fixed frame 13. The end of the main shaft 52 away from the motor frame 4 is rotatably connected through the rotary joint 15. An air supply pipe 14 is opened inside the third fixed frame 13. The output end of the compressor 12 is connected to the air supply pipe 14. The air supply pipe 14 is connected to the rotary joint 15. The compressor 12 fills the rotary joint 15 with high-pressure air through the air supply pipe 14. The high-pressure air enters the jet box 63 through the first air inlet pipe 511, the connecting pipe 510, the second air inlet pipe 616, and the air inlet hole 64.

[0027] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the lower end of the settling tank 2 is fixedly connected to an extrusion mechanism 3. The extrusion mechanism 3 includes an extrusion pipe 31 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the settling tank 2. A water collection shell 33 is fixedly connected to the outside of the extrusion pipe 31. A first water outlet pipe 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the water collection shell 33. A filter hole 32 is opened on the extrusion pipe 31. The spiral fan blade 59 pushes the tailings into the extrusion pipe 31. At this time, the sealing plate 58 blocks the outlet of the extrusion pipe 31 under the push of the first spring 57, so that the tailings cannot be discharged, thereby increasing the tailings pressure in the extrusion pipe 31, and squeezing the excess water through the filter hole 32 into the water collection shell 33, and then discharging it through the first water outlet pipe 34.

[0028] A motor frame 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion mechanism 3 away from the settling tank 2. The motor frame 4 includes a first fixed frame 41 fixedly connected to the lower end of the extrusion mechanism 3. Tailings outlets 42 are opened on both sides of the first fixed frame 41 near the end of the extrusion mechanism 3. Slides 43 are fixedly connected to both sides of the first fixed frame 41 near the tailings outlets 42. When the tailings pressure is high enough, the tailings push open the sealing plate 58, pass through the tailings outlets 42 and are discharged along the slides 43.

[0029] like Figures 4-8 As shown, a drive mechanism 5 is installed through the motor frame 4. A drive motor 51 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first fixed frame 41. The output end of the drive motor 51 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 52. A thread 53 is provided at the lower end of the main shaft 52. A nut 54 is sleeved on the thread 53. A planar thrust ball bearing 55 is provided at the upper end of the nut 54. A top plate 56 is slidably connected through the main shaft 52. The drive motor 51 drives the main shaft 52 to rotate, and the main shaft 52 drives the spiral fan blade 59 to rotate.

[0030] A first spring 57 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 56. A sealing plate 58 is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring 57 away from the top plate 56. A spiral fan blade 59 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 52 near the sealing plate 58. The main shaft 52 is slidably connected through the sealing plate 58. A connecting pipe 510 is opened in the main shaft 52. A first air inlet pipe 511 is opened at the upper end of the main shaft 52. The connecting pipe 510 and the first air inlet pipe 511 are connected. When it is necessary to adjust the moisture content of the tailings, the nut 54 is rotated so that the nut 54 engages with the thread 53. The nut 54 moves on the main shaft 52. The nut 54 pushes the top plate 56 to move through the planar thrust ball bearing 55, changing the distance between the top plate 56 and the sealing plate 58, thereby changing the thrust of the first spring 57. This changes the thrust required for the tailings to push the sealing plate 58, that is, changing the maximum pressure of the tailings in the extrusion pipe 31.

[0031] like Figures 9-11As shown, a scraping mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive mechanism 5. A second air inlet pipe 616 is provided inside the connecting rod 61. The second air inlet pipe 616 is connected to the connecting pipe 510. An air inlet hole 64 is provided at the bottom of the air jet box 63. The connecting pipe 510 is connected to the air inlet hole 64. One end of the air jet box 63 is inclined. An air jet hole 66 is provided at the inclined end of the air jet box 63. A pair of sliding rods 65 are fixedly connected inside the air jet box 63. A slider 67 is slidably connected through the sliding rods 65. A swing arm 68 is rotatably connected to both ends of the slider 67. A roller 69 is fixedly connected to the end of the swing arm 68 away from the slider 67. The main shaft 52 drives the scraping mechanism 6 to rotate. The connecting rod 61 on the scraping mechanism 6 drives the scraper 62 to rotate. The scraper 62 drives the air jet box 63 to rotate. During the rotation, the scraper 62 and the air jet box 63 stir the tailings sand to avoid caking.

[0032] Locking grooves 612 are fixedly connected to both sides of the jet box 63. The rollers 69 and the locking grooves 612 engage with each other. The upper surface of the swing arm 68 is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate 610. The first fixing plate 610 is fixedly connected to the second spring 611. The end of the slider 67 away from the locking groove 612 is fixedly connected to the third spring 613. The end of the slider 67 near the third spring 613 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 614. The end of the connecting rod 614 away from the slider 67 is fixedly connected to the sealing plug 615. The sealing plug 615 passes through the sliding connection jet hole 66. High-pressure air enters the jet box 63 through the first air inlet pipe 511, the connecting pipe 510, the second air inlet pipe 616, and the air inlet 64. At this time, the sealing plug 615 blocks the jet hole 66, and the second spring 611 pushes the swing arm 68 to open to both sides, so that the rollers 69 on the swing arm 68 engage with the locking grooves. Inside the groove 612, the slider 67, pushed by the third spring 613, provides thrust to the swing arm 68, causing the swing arm 68 to push the roller 69 tightly into the locking groove 612. As the compressor 12 works, the air pressure in the jet box 63 gradually increases. The high-pressure air pushes the sealing plug 615, which pulls the slider 67 through the connecting rod 614. When the pressure is high enough, the roller 69 breaks through the thrust of the second spring 611 and moves inward, disengaging from the locking groove 612. The slider 67 breaks through the thrust of the third spring 613 and moves along the sliding rod 65, causing the sealing plug 615 to move outward, opening the jet hole 66 and spraying out the high-pressure air. This allows the high-pressure air to enter the tiny gaps in the tailings, greatly increasing the pore water pressure between the particles and disrupting the stable structure formed between the solid particles. This makes the caking tailings layer fluidized, facilitating the discharge of the tailings through the extrusion pipe 31.

[0033] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the tailings enter the central pipe 8 through the tailings input pipe 21 and are sprayed out from the horn mouth 22. Then the tailings fall on the reflector plate 24 and enter the settling tank 2. The flocculant delivery pump 16 sends the flocculant into the annular pipe 18 through the delivery pipe 17. Then the flocculant is sprayed out through the outlet 19 and enters the tailings, where it is fully mixed with the tailings. The tailings settle in the settling tank 2. The clear water at the top flows into the overflow trough 9 through the overflow weir 10 and is discharged through the second outlet pipe 11, while the heavier tailings settle at the bottom of the settling tank 2.

[0034] When it is necessary to discharge the tailings at the bottom, the drive motor 51 is started. The drive motor 51 drives the main shaft 52 to rotate, and the main shaft 52 drives the spiral fan blade 59 to rotate. The spiral fan blade 59 pushes the tailings into the extrusion tube 31. At this time, the sealing plate 58 blocks the outlet of the extrusion tube 31 under the push of the first spring 57, so that the tailings cannot be discharged, thereby increasing the tailings pressure in the extrusion tube 31. Excess water is squeezed out through the filter hole 32 into the water collection shell 33 and discharged through the first water outlet pipe 34. When the tailings pressure is high enough, the tailings push open the sealing plate 58, pass through the tailings outlet 42 and are discharged along the slide 43.

[0035] When it is necessary to adjust the moisture content of the tailings, rotate the nut 54 so that the nut 54 engages with the thread 53. The nut 54 moves on the main shaft 52 and pushes the top plate 56 to move through the planar thrust ball bearing 55, changing the distance between the top plate 56 and the sealing plate 58, thereby changing the thrust of the first spring 57, changing the thrust required for the tailings to push the sealing plate 58, that is, changing the maximum pressure of the tailings in the extrusion tube 31.

[0036] Simultaneously, the main shaft 52 drives the scraping mechanism 6 to rotate, the connecting rod 61 on the scraping mechanism 6 drives the scraper 62 to rotate, and the scraper 62 drives the air jet box 63 to rotate. During the rotation, the scraper 62 and the air jet box 63 stir the tailings sand to prevent caking. At the same time, the compressor 12 fills the rotary joint 15 with high-pressure air through the air supply pipe 14. The high-pressure air enters the air jet box 63 through the first air inlet pipe 511, the connecting pipe 510, the second air inlet pipe 616 and the air inlet hole 64. At this time, the sealing plug 615 blocks the air jet hole 66, and the second spring 611 pushes the swing arm 68 to open to both sides, so that the roller 69 on the swing arm 68 is engaged in the locking groove 612. The slider 67 also provides thrust to the swing arm 68 under the push of the third spring 613, so that the swing arm 68... The roller 69 is tightly locked in the locking groove 612. As the compressor 12 works, the air pressure in the jet box 63 gradually increases. The high-pressure air pushes the sealing plug 615. The sealing plug 615 pulls the slider 67 through the connecting rod 614. When the pressure is high enough, the roller 69 breaks through the thrust of the second spring 611 and moves inward, disengaging from the locking groove 612. The slider 67 breaks through the thrust of the third spring 613 and moves along the sliding rod 65, thereby causing the sealing plug 615 to move outward, opening the jet hole 66 and spraying out the high-pressure air. This high-pressure air enters the tiny gaps in the tailings, greatly increasing the pore water pressure between the particles and destroying the stable structure formed between the solid particles. This makes the caking tailings layer fluidized, facilitating the discharge of the tailings through the extrusion pipe 31.

[0037] Subsequently, when the pressure decreases, the third spring 613 pushes the slider 67 to reset. The slider 67 drives the sealing plug 615 through the connecting rod 614 into the jet hole 66, blocking the jet hole 66 and re-accumulating pressure, while preventing tailings from clogging the jet hole 66.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering, comprising several supporting legs (1), characterized in that: A settling tank (2) is fixedly connected to the upper end of several of the support legs (1). A number of second fixing frames (7) are fixedly connected inside the settling tank (2). A central tube (8) is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame (7). An extrusion mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the settling tank (2). A motor frame (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion mechanism (3) away from the settling tank (2). A drive mechanism (5) is installed through the motor frame (4). A sludge scraping mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive mechanism (5). The drive mechanism (5) includes a main shaft (52) that is rotatably connected through the motor frame (4). The sludge scraping mechanism (6) includes a connecting rod (61) that is fixedly connected to the main shaft (52). A scraper (62) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (61) away from the main shaft (52). Several air jet boxes (63) are fixedly connected to the scraper (62).

2. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that, An overflow weir (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the settling tank (2). An overflow trough (9) is fixedly connected to the end of the settling tank (2) near the overflow weir (10). A second outlet pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the overflow trough (9). A flocculant delivery pump (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the settling tank (2). A delivery pipe (17) is fixedly connected inside the settling tank (2). The output end of the flocculant delivery pump (16) is connected to the delivery pipe (17). An annular pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the end of the delivery pipe (17) away from the flocculant delivery pump (16). An outlet (19) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular pipe (18). A pair of fixed pipes (20) are fixedly connected to the outlet (19). The fixed pipes (20) are fixedly connected to the settling tank (2). A second fixed plate (25) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support leg (1).

3. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the central tube (8) is fixedly connected to several supports (23). The end of the support (23) away from the central tube (8) is fixedly connected to a reflector (24). The side wall of the settling tank (2) is fixedly connected to a tailings input pipe (21). The tailings input pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the central tube (8). The end of the tailings input pipe (21) located inside the central tube (8) is fixedly connected to a bell mouth (22). The two sides of the settling tank (2) are fixedly connected to air compressors (12). The settling tank (2) is fixedly connected to a third fixed frame (13). The third fixed frame (13) is fixedly connected to a rotary joint (15). The end of the main shaft (52) away from the motor frame (4) is rotatably connected to the rotary joint (15). The third fixed frame (13) is provided with a gas transmission pipe (14). The output end of the air compressor (12) is connected to the gas transmission pipe (14). The gas transmission pipe (14) is connected to the rotary joint (15).

4. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism (3) includes an extrusion tube (31) fixedly connected to the bottom of the settling tank (2), a water collection shell (33) fixedly connected to the outside of the extrusion tube (31), a first water outlet pipe (34) fixedly connected to one side of the water collection shell (33), and a filter hole (32) opened on the extrusion tube (31).

5. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The motor frame (4) includes a first fixed frame (41) fixedly connected to the lower end of the extrusion mechanism (3). The first fixed frame (41) has tailings outlets (42) on both sides of one end near the extrusion mechanism (3). The first fixed frame (41) has slide rails (43) fixedly connected to both sides near the tailings outlets (42). The lower end of the first fixed frame (41) is fixedly connected to a drive motor (51). The output end of the drive motor (51) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (52). The lower end of the main shaft (52) is provided with a thread (53). The thread (53) is fitted with a nut (54). The upper end of the nut (54) is provided with a planar thrust ball bearing (55). A top plate (56) is slidably connected through the main shaft (52).

6. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first spring (57) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (56). A sealing plate (58) is fixedly connected to the end of the first spring (57) away from the top plate (56). A spiral fan blade (59) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (52) near the sealing plate (58). The main shaft (52) is slidably connected through the sealing plate (58). A connecting pipe (510) is opened inside the main shaft (52). A first air inlet pipe (511) is opened at the upper end of the main shaft (52). The connecting pipe (510) and the first air inlet pipe (511) are connected.

7. A vertical sand silo suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting rod (61) has a second air inlet pipe (616) inside, which is connected to the connecting pipe (510). The bottom of the jet box (63) has an air inlet hole (64), which is connected to the connecting pipe (510). One end of the jet box (63) is inclined, and the inclined end of the jet box (63) has an air inlet hole (66). A pair of sliding rods (65) are fixedly connected inside the jet box (63). A slider (67) is slidably connected through the sliding rod (65). The two ends of the slider (67) are rotatably connected to the swing arm (68). The end of the swing arm (68) away from the slider (67) is fixedly connected to the roller (69).

8. A vertical sand bin suitable for tailings concentration and dewatering according to claim 7, characterized in that, Locking grooves (612) are fixedly connected to both sides of the jet box (63). The roller (69) and the locking grooves (612) are engaged with each other. The upper surface of the swing arm (68) is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate (610). A second spring (611) is fixedly connected between the first fixing plates (610). A third spring (613) is fixedly connected to the end of the slider (67) away from the locking groove (612). A connecting rod (614) is fixedly connected to the end of the slider (67) near the third spring (613). A sealing plug (615) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod (614) away from the slider (67). The sealing plug (615) passes through the sliding connection jet hole (66).

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