Automatic stacking equipment and stacking method

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic stacking equipment and a stacking method, and relates to the technical field of new energy material stacking. According to the automatic stacking equipment and the stacking method, through the integrated design of conveying limiting, induction triggering, jacking guiding, automatic stacking, continuous operation and assembly replacement, automation and precision of battery material packaging box stacking operation are achieved, the conveying posture of a packaging box is effectively restrained through the limiting design of a limiting ring, and the stacking efficiency is improved. After a battery material packaging box makes contact with an induction base, a lifting assembly immediately forms negative pressure adsorption and fixation on the bottom position of the packaging box, the packaging box is jacked to be close to the position where a stacking assembly is located, and then the battery material packaging box is conveyed to the induction base. And the packaging boxes slowly fall onto the placing table and the anti-skid pad under the action of self gravity, stacking and stacking of the packaging boxes are completed, the structure is simple, convenient and efficient, debugging is easy, continuous and stable operation can be achieved, and use of enterprises is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy material palletizing technology, specifically to an automatic palletizing device and palletizing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, lithium batteries, as core energy storage components, have seen a continuous surge in market demand, which in turn has driven the large-scale expansion of the lithium battery manufacturing materials industry. Lithium battery manufacturing materials cover positive electrode materials (such as ternary materials and lithium iron phosphate), negative electrode materials (such as graphite and silicon-based materials), electrolytes, separators, and various auxiliary materials. These materials generally have special characteristics—some materials are in powder form and are prone to moisture absorption and oxidation, while others have corrosive or flammable and explosive properties, requiring high levels of sealing and safety during storage and transportation.

[0003] In the industrial production process of lithium battery manufacturing materials, box packaging, conveying and palletizing are key links connecting production, warehousing and transportation, directly affecting production efficiency, product quality stability and production safety. For the box packaging of lithium battery manufacturing materials, plastic turnover boxes or metal boxes are mostly used. After the materials are put into the box and sealed, the packaged boxes are then transported to the designated area by manual labor or conveyor belts. Finally, they are stacked and stored by manual palletizing or traditional palletizing machines.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, after the boxes of new energy packaging materials are transported to a designated area, they are fixed in place by a palletizer using a robotic arm and then transferred. After transfer, they are generally directly stacked on a pre-reserved rack. However, this method has certain drawbacks: when the boxes of packaging battery materials are not transported to the palletizer area in a consistent posture, the posture of the boxes on the conveyor belt varies (such as tilting or positional deviation). Therefore, when such situations occur, the robotic arm of the palletizer cannot quickly react to and fix the boxes according to their various postures (adjusting the robotic arm control system to adapt to the posture of the boxes is complex and difficult). Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can limit the posture of the boxes during transport and quickly stack boxes with a regular posture on the conveyor line. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated palletizing device and method, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic palletizing device and method, comprising a conveyor frame and a support installed at the bottom of the conveyor frame. A conveying assembly is installed inside the conveyor frame. A flexible limiting ring is installed on the outer wall of the conveying assembly for limiting the conveying of battery material packaging boxes. A placement frame is provided on the front and rear right sides of the conveyor frame. A lifting assembly is installed at the bottom of the conveyor frame to sense and initiate the lifting of the battery material packaging boxes. A palletizing assembly for automatically stacking the battery material packaging boxes is installed inside the placement frame. A placement platform for placing the battery material packaging boxes is installed on the outer wall of the palletizing assembly. The placement platform is equipped with an anti-slip pad to increase the contact friction of the packaging boxes and improve placement stability. An abutment assembly for limiting and fixing the bottom of the palletizing assembly is provided on the outer wall of the placement frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the palletizing assembly includes a placement mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The placement mechanism includes a support platform disposed inside the placement frame. The support platform has uprights fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of its top wall. A steering shaft is uniformly rotatably installed on the inner wall of the uprights. Several bases are uniformly fixedly installed on the outer wall of the steering shaft. Each base has an inclined push angle at its bottom. The outer walls of the bases located on the same steering shaft are fixedly installed with the corresponding bottom wall of the placement platform.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the steering shaft are fitted with coil springs through bearings and mounted on the upright. The outer ends of the coil springs are fixed to the outer wall of the upright via shaft connections. Abutment seats are fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the base. Limiting platforms are fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the upright at positions corresponding to the abutment seats. After the placement platform and anti-slip pad receive the battery material packaging box, they will drive the base and steering shaft to rotate within the upright and control the coil springs to undergo elastic deformation. At the same time, the base drives the abutment seats to abut against the limiting platforms to achieve stable placement of the battery material packaging box.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a connecting rod fixedly installed on the top wall of the stand to enhance the overall strength of the stand. The top wall of the support platform has an opening to facilitate the passage of battery material packaging boxes. Support shafts are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom wall of the support platform. Positioning holes are opened on the outer wall of the support shafts and at positions corresponding to the inner bottom wall of the placement rack. The inner walls of the positioning holes are all in contact with the outer walls of the corresponding support shafts for precise positioning when placing the palletizing components. Support seats that fit against the inner bottom wall of the placement rack are fixedly installed at the front and rear of the bottom wall of the support platform to form stable support.

[0010] Furthermore, the abutment component includes a limiting slot formed on the outer wall of the support base, and a limiting bracket is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting slot for limiting the overall installation of the support base and the support platform. A push plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of each limiting bracket, and a positioning rod is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of each push plate. The outer ends of each positioning rod slide through the placement frame and extend to the outside. An abutment spring is provided between the push plate and the placement frame and sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding positioning rod for abutting and limiting the push plate and the limiting bracket to prevent disengagement.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a mounting frame fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the conveyor frame, a lifting push rod fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the mounting frame, a lifting push seat fixedly installed through the movable end of the lifting push rod through the mounting frame, and a lifting platform fixedly installed on the top wall of the lifting push seat for pushing the lifting push seat to lift the conveyed battery material packaging box.

[0012] Furthermore, the top wall of the lifting platform is circumferentially arranged with electric suction cups to form negative pressure adsorption on the bottom of the battery material packaging box to achieve fixed positioning. Several support components are evenly installed on the top wall of the lifting platform. Limit stops are fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor frame. Sensor seats are installed on the outer walls of the limit stops to achieve contact with the battery material packaging box and provide signal feedback.

[0013] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a geared motor fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conveying frame, transmission rollers rotatably installed on both sides of the inner wall of the conveying frame, limit wheels fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the transmission rollers, and a conveyor belt for step-by-step stable feeding of battery material packaging boxes is drivenly installed on the outer wall of the limit wheels.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the conveyor belt is fixedly connected to a limiting ring near the conveyor frame to limit the spacing of the battery material packaging boxes during conveying. The power shaft of the reduction motor passes through the conveyor frame and is fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission roller shaft via a bearing.

[0015] An automated palletizing method includes the following steps: S1. Use a forklift / AGV to lift the empty palletizing assembly to the top of the placement rack, insert the lifting arm into the bottom of the support platform, lower the palletizing assembly into the inner wall of the placement rack and fit it, embed the support shaft into the inner wall of the placement rack for limited placement, and make the support seat fit against the bottom wall of the placement rack. With the help of the elastic abutment action of the abutment spring, the limit card seat is embedded into the limit slot to complete the pre-fixing of the palletizing assembly. S2. Place the battery material packaging box on the conveyor belt, start the geared motor to drive the transmission roller and the conveyor belt to run, and use the limit rings on both sides to constrain the posture of the packaging box to prevent it from shifting or falling off, so that the packaging box maintains a consistent posture during the transportation process. S3. After the packaging box is conveyed to the sensor seat and contacts it, the sensor seat triggers a signal and feeds it back to the controller, which then controls the lifting push rod to extend and drive the electric suction cup to adhere to the bottom of the packaging box to form a negative pressure adsorption and fixation. At the same time, the support component helps to support the box body and increase the bottom support strength. S4. The lifting push rod continues to extend, driving the packaging box to rise. After being guided by the inclined push angle at the bottom of the base, the base, anti-slip pad and placement platform rotate to avoid the obstruction, ensuring that the packaging box smoothly enters the palletizing channel through the opening. S5. After the packaging box is raised to the preset highest position, the electric suction cup is depressurized and reset. The packaging box then falls to the placement platform of the highest layer of the palletizing component. After being buffered by the anti-slip pad and limited by the limiting platform, the single-layer palletizing is completed. S6. The conveyor belt continuously transports packaging boxes at preset intervals. The controller adjusts the extension length of the lifting push rod to gradually decrease with the number of stacking layers to achieve multi-layer continuous stacking, ensuring that the stacking reset time is matched with the conveying interval time to ensure the continuity of operation. S7. After a set of palletizing components has been fully loaded and palletized, use a forklift to insert the lifting arm into the support platform, lift the entire palletizing component and the fully loaded packaging box, so that the support base is removed from the placement frame. During the lifting process, the limit card is squeezed out of the limit slot. After the pre-fixed and fully loaded palletizing component is lifted away, repeat the palletizing component installation steps, put in a new empty palletizing component and fix it to resume the subsequent palletizing operation.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The automatic palletizing equipment and method, through the integrated design of "conveying limit - induction trigger - lifting guide - automatic stacking - continuous operation - component replacement", realizes the automation and precision of battery material packaging box palletizing operation. The limit ring effectively constrains the conveying posture of the packaging box, reduces the risk of deviation and falling off during the conveying process, and provides a guarantee for subsequent accurate palletizing. After the battery material packaging box contacts the induction seat, the lifting component immediately forms a negative pressure adsorption and fixation on the bottom position of the packaging box, lifting it close to the position of the palletizing component. Under the action of the packaging box's own gravity, it slowly falls onto the placement platform and anti-slip mat, completing the palletizing and stacking of the packaging box. The structure is simple and efficient, the debugging is simple, and it can run continuously and stably, making it convenient for enterprises to use.

[0017] (2) The automatic palletizing equipment and palletizing method adopt a closed-loop control link. The palletizing positioning accuracy is significantly improved by the real-time signal feedback of the induction seat and the response of the controller. The preset positioning and replacement process of the palletizing components is simple, and no complicated manual debugging is required, which reduces the labor intensity of operators. At the same time, the self-unlocking design of the triangular limit card seat improves the smoothness of switching palletizing components of fully loaded or empty packaging boxes.

[0018] (3) The automatic palletizing equipment and palletizing method have multiple structural designs, such as auxiliary support of the support component, guide buffer of the tilting push angle, elastic reset of the coil spring and limit protection of the abutment seat, which improve the stability and safety of the device during operation and reduce component wear.

[0019] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor frame and conveyor assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the conveying component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the lifting component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the placement rack and palletizing assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the placement rack and support platform of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the support platform, support shaft, and support base of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the palletizing assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the palletizing component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the palletizing component of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0023] Illustrations: 1. Conveyor frame; 2. Support frame; 3. Conveyor assembly; 31. Gear motor; 32. Drive roller; 33. Limit wheel; 34. Conveyor belt; 4. Lifting assembly; 41. Limit stop; 42. Sensor seat; 43. Mounting frame; 44. Lifting push rod; 45. Lifting push seat; 46. Lifting platform; 47. Support component; 48. Electric suction cup; 5. Palletizing assembly; 51. Support platform; 52. Through port; 53. Fixed... 54. Position port; 55. Support shaft; 56. Support base; 57. Stand; 58. Connecting rod; 59. Steering shaft; 50. Base; 510. Abutment seat; 511. Limiting platform; 512. Coil spring; 513. Inclined push angle; 6. Abutment assembly; 61. Limiting slot; 62. Limiting card seat; 63. Push plate; 64. Abutment spring; 65. Positioning rod; 7. Placement rack; 8. Limiting ring; 9. Anti-slip pad; 10. Placement platform. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component positioned centrally in the connection.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-12, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic palletizing device and a palletizing method, including a conveying frame 1 and a bracket 2 installed at the bottom of the conveying frame 1. A conveying component 3 is installed inside the conveying frame 1, and a flexible limiting ring 8 is installed on the outer wall of the conveying component 3 for limiting the conveying of the battery material packaging box. On the front and rear walls on the right side of the conveying frame 1, there is a placing frame 7. A lifting component 4 for sensing and lifting the battery material packaging box is installed at the bottom of the conveying frame 1. Inside the placing frame 7, there is a palletizing component 5 for automatically stacking the battery material packaging boxes. A placing table 10 for palletizing and placing the battery material packaging box is installed on the outer wall of the palletizing component 5. An anti-slip pad 9 for increasing the contact friction of the packaging box and improving the placing stability is installed on the placing table 10. An abutting component 6 for limiting and fixing the bottom of the palletizing component 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the placing frame 7; In this implementation scheme, anti-slip foot pads are added at the bottom of the bracket 2 to provide stable support for the conveying frame 1 and relieve the vibration conduction during the operation of the device. The flexible limiting ring 8 is made of wear-resistant rubber material, and its elastic characteristics can avoid squeezing damage to the outer wall of the packaging box during the limiting process. After receiving the battery material packaging box from the production line through the conveying component 3 and cooperating with the lifting component 4 for induction, the packaging box is lifted to the outside of the placing table 10 and the anti-slip pad 9 on the palletizing component 5 for stacking. The palletizing component 5 installed inside the placing frame 7 can form quick clamping and limiting through the abutting component 6, so that the palletizing component 5 maintains vertical stability.

[0028] Specifically, the palletizing component 5 includes a placing mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The placing mechanism includes a support table 51 arranged inside the placing frame 7. On the front and rear parts of the top wall of the support table 51, vertical frames 56 are fixedly installed. Inside the inner walls of the vertical frames 56, steering shafts 58 are evenly installed for rotation. On the outer walls of the steering shafts 58, a number of bases 59 are evenly fixedly installed. An inclined pushing angle 513 is formed at the bottom of each base 59. The outer walls of the bases 59 located on the same steering shaft 58 are fixedly installed with the bottom walls of the corresponding placing tables 10; In this implementation scheme, the support table 51 ensures the stability of the support structure after the installation of the vertical frames 56, and avoids the deviation of the vertical frames 56 caused by uneven stress during the palletizing process. The inclined pushing angle 513 can guide the packaging box to smoothly lift the base 59 and reduce the rigid collision. The vertical frames 56 are in the shape of a "mouth". After the packaging box falls on the placing table 10 and the anti-slip pad 9, it will drive the base 59 and the steering shaft 58 to rotate under the action of its gravity. The anti-slip pad 9 can increase the contact friction with the bottom of the steel shell and improve the placing stability of the steel shell.

[0029] Specifically, both ends of the steering shaft 58 are fitted with coil springs 512 through bearings through the upright 56. The outer ends of the coil springs 512 are fixed to the outer wall of the upright 56 ​​through shaft connection. The outer walls of the base 59 are fixedly fitted with abutment seats 510. The outer walls of the upright 56 ​​are fixedly fitted with limiting platforms 511 at the positions corresponding to the abutment seats 510. After the placement platform 10 and the anti-slip pad 9 receive the battery material packaging box, they will drive the base 59 and the steering shaft 58 to rotate within the upright 56 ​​and control the coil springs 512 to undergo elastic deformation. At the same time, the base 59 drives the abutment seats 510 to abut against the limiting platforms 511 to achieve stable placement of the battery material packaging box. In this implementation scheme, the coil spring 512 is made of stainless steel with a high elastic coefficient, which has good fatigue resistance and can achieve multiple rotations and resets to ensure that the base 59 can quickly return to the initial position after the packaging box is removed, so as to prepare for the next stacking. The contact surfaces of the abutment seat 510 and the limiting platform 511 are treated with rubber pads, which can not only achieve precise limiting to prevent the base 59 from rotating excessively, but also buffer the impact force of collisions and reduce the wear of components.

[0030] Specifically, the positioning mechanism includes a connecting rod 57 fixedly installed on the top wall of the upright 56 ​​to enhance the integrated strength of the upright 56. The top wall of the support platform 51 has an opening 52 to facilitate the passage of battery material packaging boxes. Support shafts 54 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom wall of the support platform 51. Positioning holes 53 are opened on the outer wall of the support shafts 54 and at the corresponding positions on the inner bottom wall of the placement rack 7. The inner walls of the positioning holes 53 are all in contact with the outer walls of the corresponding support shafts 54 for precise positioning when placing the palletizing components 5. Support seats 55 that are in contact with the inner bottom wall of the placement rack 7 are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the bottom wall of the support platform 51 to form stable support. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 57 enhances the overall rigidity between the two uprights 56, preventing relative displacement of the uprights 56 during the stacking process. The size of the opening 52 is enlarged according to the common packaging box specifications. The support base 55 can distribute the load-bearing pressure of the support platform 51 and improve the overall support stability. After the stacking component 5 needs to be placed inside the placement rack 7, the support platform 51 drives the support shaft 54 ​​to insert into the positioning port 53 to form accurate positioning and prevent installation deviation. At the same time, the support platform 51 fits against the inner wall of the placement rack 7 to form stable support.

[0031] Specifically, the abutting component 6 includes a limiting slot 61 opened on the outer wall of the support base 55. A limiting bracket 62 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting slot 61 to limit the overall installation of the support base 55 and the support platform 51. A push plate 63 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting bracket 62. Positioning rods 65 are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the push plate 63. The outer ends of the positioning rods 65 slide through the placement frame 7 and extend to the outside. An abutting spring 64 is provided between the push plate 63 and the placement frame 7 and sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding positioning rod 65 to achieve abutment and limit the push plate 63 and the limiting bracket 62 to prevent them from disengaging. In this implementation scheme, both the limiting slot 61 and the limiting bracket 62 adopt a triangular wedge structure to improve the self-locking performance after locking and prevent the limiting from failing due to vibration during the stacking process. The abutment spring 64 is a compression spring, which can ensure that the limiting bracket 62 is stably inserted into the limiting slot 61, and can also be smoothly compressed to unlock when the stacking assembly 5 is hoisted. This balances the reliability of the limiting and the convenience of operation. The abutment component 6 is mainly used to stably limit the insertion of the stacking assembly 5. Under the elastic action of the abutment spring 64, it pushes the push plate 63 and the limiting bracket 62 into the limiting slot 61 to form a stable insertion limit.

[0032] Specifically, the lifting assembly 4 includes a mounting frame 43 fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the conveyor frame 1. A lifting push rod 44 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the mounting frame 43. The movable end of the lifting push rod 44 slides through the mounting frame 43 and is fixedly installed on a lifting push seat 45. A lifting platform 46 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the lifting push seat 45 for pushing the lifting push seat 45 to lift the conveyed battery material packaging box. In this embodiment, the lifting push rod 44 is an electric push rod with precise and controllable stroke and smooth operation. It can accurately adjust the lifting height according to the number of palletizing layers. The lifting push rod 44 installed at the bottom of the mounting frame 43 can push the lifting push seat 45 and the lifting platform 46 to rise, pushing the packaging box that is staying on the top to the position on the palletizing assembly 5, thereby completing the function of lifting and palletizing.

[0033] Specifically, the top wall of the lifting platform 46 is circumferentially arranged with electric suction cups 48 to form negative pressure adsorption on the bottom of the battery material packaging box to complete the fixed positioning. Several support members 47 are evenly installed on the top wall of the lifting platform 46. Limiting stops 41 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor frame 1. Induction seats 42 are installed on the outer side wall of the limiting stops 41 to achieve contact with the battery material packaging box and provide signal feedback. In this embodiment, the electric suction cup 48 is arranged evenly in the circumference to ensure that the suction force is evenly distributed on the bottom of the packaging box to avoid excessive local force that could cause the packaging box to deform. The support component 47 provides auxiliary support while the electric suction cup 48 is adsorbing, to prevent the packaging box from being unstable due to uneven bottom, and to improve the stability of the lifting process. The induction seat 42 uses a contact sensor to accurately detect the positioning signal of the packaging box, which ensures the accurate triggering of subsequent lifting actions.

[0034] Specifically, the conveying assembly 3 includes a geared motor 31 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conveying frame 1, and transmission rollers 32 rotatably installed on both sides of the inner wall of the conveying frame 1. Limiting wheels 33 are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the transmission rollers 32, and a conveyor belt 34 for step-by-step stable feeding of battery material packaging boxes is driven on the outer wall of the limiting wheels 33. In this embodiment, the geared motor 31 can adjust its output speed according to production needs, so as to realize the interval conveying of the conveyor belt 34 to adapt to different palletizing rhythms. The setting of the limit wheel 33 can limit the edge of the conveyor belt 34 to prevent the conveyor belt 34 from deviating during operation and ensure the smoothness of conveying.

[0035] Specifically, the outer wall of the conveyor belt 34 is fixedly connected to the limiting ring 8 near the conveyor frame 1, which is used to limit the spacing of the battery material packaging box during conveying. The power shaft of the reduction motor 31 passes through the conveyor frame 1 through the bearing and is fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission roller 32. In this embodiment, the connection between the limiting ring 8 and the conveyor belt 34 ensures the stable transport of the packaging box and limits its posture to prevent deviation.

[0036] An automated palletizing method includes the following steps: S1. Use a forklift / AGV to lift the empty palletizing assembly 5 to the top of the placement rack 7, insert the lifting arm into the bottom of the support platform 51, lower the palletizing assembly 5 into the inner wall of the placement rack 7 and fit it, the support shaft 54 ​​is embedded in the inner wall of the placement rack 7 for limited placement, and the support seat 55 is fitted against the inner bottom wall of the placement rack 7. With the elastic abutment action of the abutment spring 64, the limit card seat 62 is embedded into the limit slot 61 to complete the pre-fixing of the palletizing assembly 5. S2. Place the battery material packaging box on the conveyor belt 34, start the reduction motor 31 to drive the transmission roller 32 and the conveyor belt 34 to run, and constrain the posture of the packaging box through the limit rings 8 on both sides to prevent it from shifting or falling off, so that the packaging box maintains a consistent posture during the transportation process. S3. When the packaging box is conveyed to the position of the sensor seat 42 and contacts it, the sensor seat 42 triggers a signal and feeds it back to the controller, which then controls the lifting push rod 44 to extend, driving the electric suction cup 48 to adhere to the bottom of the packaging box to form a negative pressure adsorption and fixation. At the same time, the support component 47 assists in supporting the box body to increase the bottom support strength. S4, the lifting push rod 44 continues to extend and drive the packaging box to rise. After being guided by the inclined push angle 513 at the bottom of the base 59, the base 59, the anti-slip pad 9 and the placement platform 10 rotate to avoid the packaging box, ensuring that the packaging box smoothly enters the palletizing channel through the opening 52. S5. After the packaging box is raised to the preset highest position, the electric suction cup 48 is depressurized and reset. The packaging box then falls to the highest layer of the palletizing assembly 5 on the placement platform 10. After being buffered by the anti-slip pad 9 and limited by the limiting platform 511, the single-layer palletizing is completed. S6. The conveyor belt 34 continuously transports packaging boxes at preset intervals. The controller adjusts the extension length of the lifting push rod 44 to gradually decrease with the number of stacking layers to achieve multi-layer continuous stacking, ensuring that the stacking reset time and the conveying interval time are matched to ensure the continuity of operation. S7. After a set of palletizing components 5 has been fully loaded and palletized, use a forklift to insert the lifting arm into the support platform 51, lift the entire palletizing component 5 and the fully loaded packaging box, so that the support base 55 is removed from the placement frame 7. During the lifting process, the limit card seat 62 is squeezed and disengaged from the limit slot 61. After the pre-fixed and fully loaded palletizing component 5 is lifted off, repeat the installation steps of the palletizing component 5, put in a new empty palletizing component 5 and fix it to resume the subsequent palletizing operation.

[0037] Working principle of this device: The geared motor 31, the induction seat 42, and the electric suction cup 48 are all powered by an external power source; the signal output terminal of the external controller is connected to the signal input terminals of the geared motor 31, the induction seat 42, and the electric suction cup 48 respectively; the signal feedback terminal of the induction seat 42 is bidirectionally interconnected with the signal input terminal of the external controller to ensure real-time feedback of the sensing signal, forming a closed-loop control link of "perception-decision-execution"; Complete the installation and positioning of palletizing component 5: Transport the entire palletizing component 5 to the top of the placement rack 7, and use mechanical lifting equipment such as forklifts and AGVs to perform lifting operations. Precisely insert the lifting arm into the reserved position at the bottom of the support platform 51, and drive the lifting equipment to move the upright frame 56, support shaft 54 ​​and support base 55 down synchronously, so that the outer wall of the support platform 51 fits against the inner wall of the placement rack 7 to achieve initial guidance and positioning. Lower the support platform 51 so that the support shaft 54 ​​moves gradually along the preset guide trajectory of the inner wall of the placement rack 7. At the same time, the support base 55 fits against the inner wall of the placement rack 7 to form a support surface, and complete the support and contact of the palletizing component 5. Pre-fixing and locking of palletizing assembly 5: The support platform 51 and support base 55 are pressed down simultaneously and squeeze the limiting card seat 62 and push plate 63 to move inward to the inside of the placement rack 7. The push plate 63 drives the positioning rod 65 to extend outward along the guide hole and compress the abutment spring 64. When the support base 55 is completely in contact with the inner bottom wall of the placement rack 7, the squeezing force of the support base 55 on the limiting card seat 62 disappears. The abutment spring 64 releases its elasticity and pushes the positioning rod 65 and push plate 63 to reset inward. The limiting card seat 62 enters the limiting slot 61 to form a triangular abutment limit, which reliably pre-fixes the support platform 51 and support base 55 to avoid displacement during the palletizing process. Battery material packaging box conveying and limiting guidance: The battery material packaging boxes are continuously and automatically conveyed by the conveyor belt 34. After the packaging box is placed on the conveyor belt 34, the external controller drives the geared motor 31 to operate. The geared motor 31 drives the corresponding transmission roller 32 to rotate through the conveyor belt 34. The transmission roller 32 drives the limiting wheel 33 and the conveyor belt 34 to run smoothly to realize the conveying of the packaging box. The limiting rings 8 set on both sides of the conveyor belt 34 form a rigid limit on the front and rear outer walls of the packaging box to prevent the packaging box from falling off the conveyor belt 34 or shifting laterally during the conveying process, laying the foundation for subsequent palletizing and positioning. Induction triggering and packaging box lifting: When the packaging box is continuously conveyed to the palletizing area by the conveyor belt 34 and comes into contact with the sensor seat 42 integrated with the limit stop 41, the sensor seat 42 recognizes the packaging box's arrival signal and immediately feeds back the electrical signal to the external controller. After receiving the signal, the controller controls the movable end of the lifting push rod 44 at the bottom of the mounting frame 43 to extend synchronously. The lifting push rod 44 drives the lifting push seat 45, the lifting platform 46 and the support 47 to move upward as a whole until the electric suction cup 48 is completely attached to the bottom of the packaging box. Then, the electric suction cup 48 is activated to form a stable negative pressure to achieve reliable adsorption and fixation of the bottom of the packaging box. The support 47 makes multiple contacts with the bottom of the packaging box to form an auxiliary support structure, which improves the stability of the packaging box during the lifting process and avoids problems such as tilting and falling.

[0038] Packaging box stacking: The lifting push rod 44 continuously drives the packaging box to rise synchronously. After passing through the opening 52, the top of the box contacts the inclined push angle 513 at the bottom of the base 59. Under the guidance of the inclined push angle 513, the top of the packaging box generates an upward push force on the base 59, driving the base 59 and the steering shaft 58 to rotate. The base 59 simultaneously controls the placement platform 10 and the anti-slip pad 9 to rotate synchronously to avoid interfering with the rise of the packaging box. During the rotation of the steering shaft 58, the coil spring 512 is driven to undergo elastic deformation until the anti-slip pad 9 of the placement platform 10 completely separates from the packaging box, reserving a channel for the packaging box to smoothly enter the stacking station. When the packaging box rises to the preset highest stacking position, the external controller controls the electric suction cup 48 to release pressure and disconnect from the suction state of the bottom of the packaging box. The lifting push rod 44 drives the component to reset, and the packaging box falls down and contacts the anti-slip pad 9 and the placement platform 10 at the top of the stacking assembly 5. Then, the anti-slip pad 9 and the placement platform 10 are pressed down, which drives the steering shaft 58 and the base 59 to rotate in the opposite direction. When the base 59 drives the abutment seat 510 to fit with the limiting platform 511, the rotation is limited to prevent the base 59 from rotating too much. The steering shaft 58 drives the coil spring 512 to undergo further elastic deformation to ensure that the packaging box can fall smoothly to the preset stacking position. Continuous palletizing and palletizing component 5 replacement: The above process is used to continuously palletize battery material packaging boxes. The conveyor belt 34 adopts a spacing conveying mode, so that the time for the lifting component 4 to push the packaging box to complete the palletizing and reset is precisely matched with the time for conveying the packaging box spacing, ensuring the coordination between continuous conveying and palletizing operations. In order to achieve multi-layer palletizing, the extension length of the movable end of the lifting push rod 44 gradually decreases with the increase of the number of palletizing layers, ensuring that each layer of packaging box can be accurately stacked to the preset position. After a set of palletizing components 5 completes the palletizing of multiple sets of packaging boxes, the palletizing component 5 is replaced using lifting equipment such as a forklift: the lifting arm is inserted into the lifting position inside the support platform 51, and the lifting equipment is driven to lift the entire frame 56 and the palletized packaging boxes as a whole, so that the palletizing component 5 is disengaged from the positioning engagement with the positioning port 53, and at the same time the support base 55 is disengaged from the support contact with the placement frame 7. During the lifting process of the support base 55, since the limit card seat 62 and the limit slot 61 adopt a triangular engagement structure, the inner wall of the limit slot 61 exerts a squeezing force on the limit card seat 62, pushing the push plate 63 to move away from the support base 55, while compressing the abutment spring 64 and driving the positioning rod 65 to extend outward, so that the limit card seat 62 is completely disengaged from the engagement state with the limit slot 61 and the pre-fixing is released. After the fully loaded palletizing component 5 is lifted off the placement frame 7, the new empty palletizing component 5 is placed inside the placement frame 7 and pre-fixed according to the aforementioned pre-positioning process of the palletizing component 5, and the continuous palletizing operation can be resumed.

[0039] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic palletizing device, comprising a conveyor frame (1) and a support frame (2) installed at the bottom of the conveyor frame (1), characterized in that: The conveyor frame (1) is equipped with a conveyor assembly (3). The outer wall of the conveyor assembly (3) is equipped with a flexible limiting ring (8) for limiting the conveying of the battery material packaging box. The conveyor frame (1) is equipped with a placement frame (7). The bottom of the conveyor frame (1) is equipped with a lifting assembly (4) that senses and starts lifting the battery material packaging box. The placement frame (7) is equipped with a stacking assembly (5) for automatically stacking the battery material packaging box. The outer wall of the stacking assembly (5) is equipped with a placement platform (10) for stacking and placing the battery material packaging box. The placement platform (10) is equipped with an anti-slip pad (9) for increasing the contact friction of the packaging box and improving the placement stability. The outer wall of the placement frame (7) is equipped with an abutment assembly (6) for limiting and fixing the bottom of the stacking assembly (5).

2. The automatic palletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The palletizing assembly (5) includes a placement mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The placement mechanism includes a support platform (51) set inside the placement frame (7). The support platform (51) has a stand (56) fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of its top wall. The stand (56) has a steering shaft (58) evenly rotatably installed on its inner wall. The steering shaft (58) has a number of bases (59) evenly fixedly installed on its outer wall. The bottom of each base (59) has an inclined push angle (513). The outer walls of the bases (59) located on the same steering shaft (58) are fixedly installed with the bottom wall of the corresponding placement platform (10).

3. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the steering shaft (58) are fitted with coil springs (512) through bearings through the upright (56). The outer ends of the coil springs (512) are fixed to the outer wall of the upright (56) by a shaft connection. The outer walls of the base (59) are fixedly fitted with abutment seats (510). The outer walls of the upright (56) are fixedly fitted with limiting platforms (511) at the positions corresponding to the abutment seats (510). After the placement platform (10) and the anti-slip pad (9) receive the battery material packaging box, they will drive the base (59) and the steering shaft (58) to rotate in the upright (56) and control the coil springs (512) to undergo elastic deformation. At the same time, the base (59) drives the abutment seats (510) to abut against the limiting platforms (511) to achieve stable placement of the battery material packaging box.

4. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes a connecting rod (57) fixedly installed on the top wall of the stand (56) to enhance the integrated strength of the stand (56). The top wall of the support platform (51) is provided with an opening (52) to facilitate the passage of the battery material packaging box. Support shafts (54) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom wall of the support platform (51). Positioning holes (53) are provided on the outer wall of the support shaft (54) and at the position corresponding to the inner bottom wall of the placement rack (7). The inner wall of the positioning hole (53) is in contact with the outer wall of the corresponding support shaft (54) for accurate positioning when placing the palletizing assembly (5). Support seats (55) that are in contact with the inner bottom wall of the placement rack (7) are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the bottom wall of the support platform (51) to form stable support.

5. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutting component (6) includes a limiting slot (61) formed on the outer wall of the support base (55). A limiting bracket (62) is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting slot (61) to limit the overall installation of the support base (55) and the support platform (51). A push plate (63) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting bracket (62). A positioning rod (65) is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the push plate (63). The outer ends of the positioning rods (65) slide through the placement frame (7) and extend to the outside. There is an abutting spring (64) between the push plate (63) and the placement frame (7) and sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding positioning rod (65) to achieve abutment and limit the push plate (63) and the limiting bracket (62) to prevent them from disengaging.

6. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (4) includes a mounting frame (43) fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the conveyor frame (1). A lifting push rod (44) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the mounting frame (43). The movable end of the lifting push rod (44) slides through the mounting frame (43) and is fixedly installed with a lifting push seat (45). A lifting platform (46) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the lifting push seat (45) for pushing the lifting push seat (45) to lift the conveyed battery material packaging box.

7. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top wall of the lifting platform (46) is circumferentially arranged with electric suction cups (48) to form negative pressure adsorption on the bottom of the battery material packaging box to complete the fixed positioning. The top wall of the lifting platform (46) is evenly equipped with several support members (47). The side wall of the conveyor frame (1) is fixedly installed with limit stops (41). The outer side wall of the limit stops (41) is equipped with sensor seats (42) to achieve contact with the battery material packaging box and provide signal feedback.

8. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (3) includes a geared motor (31) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conveying frame (1). A transmission roller (32) is rotatably installed on both sides of the inner wall of the conveying frame (1). Limiting wheels (33) are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the transmission roller (32). A conveyor belt (34) for step-by-step stable feeding of battery material packaging boxes is installed on the outer wall of the limiting wheel (33).

9. An automatic palletizing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the conveyor belt (34) is fixedly connected to the limiting ring (8) near the conveyor frame (1) to limit the spacing of the battery material packaging box during the conveying process. The power shaft of the deceleration motor (31) passes through the conveyor frame (1) through the bearing and is fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission roller (32) shaft.

10. An automatic palletizing method, applied to an automatic palletizing device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use a forklift / AGV to lift the empty palletizing assembly (5) to the top of the placement rack (7), insert the lifting arm into the bottom of the support platform (51), lower the palletizing assembly (5) into the inner wall of the placement rack (7) and fit it. The support shaft (54) is embedded in the inner wall of the placement rack (7) for positioning and the support seat (55) is fitted against the bottom wall of the placement rack (7). With the elastic abutment of the abutment spring (64), the limit card seat (62) is embedded into the limit slot (61) to complete the pre-fixing of the palletizing assembly (5). S2. Place the battery material packaging box on the conveyor belt (34), start the geared motor (31) to drive the transmission roller (32) and the conveyor belt (34) to run, and constrain the posture of the packaging box through the limit rings (8) on both sides to prevent it from shifting or falling off, so that the packaging box maintains a consistent posture during the conveying process. S3. When the packaging box is transported to the position of the sensor seat (42) and contacts it, the sensor seat (42) triggers a signal and feeds it back to the controller, which then controls the lifting push rod (44) to extend and drive the electric suction cup (48) to adhere to the bottom of the packaging box to form a negative pressure adsorption and fixation. At the same time, the support (47) assists in supporting the box body to increase the bottom support strength. S4. The lifting push rod (44) extends continuously to drive the packaging box to rise. After being guided by the inclined push angle (513) at the bottom of the base (59), the base (59), the anti-slip pad (9) and the placement platform (10) rotate to avoid the packaging box and ensure that the packaging box smoothly enters the palletizing channel through the opening (52). S5. After the packaging box is raised to the preset highest position, the electric suction cup (48) releases pressure and resets. The packaging box then falls to the highest layer of the palletizing assembly (5) on the placement platform (10). After being buffered by the anti-slip pad (9) and limited by the limiting platform (511), the single-layer palletizing is completed. S6. The conveyor belt (34) continuously transports the packaging boxes at a preset interval. The controller adjusts the extension length of the lifting push rod (44) to gradually decrease with the number of stacking layers to achieve multi-layer continuous stacking, ensuring that the stacking reset time and the conveying interval time are matched to ensure the continuity of operation. S7. After a set of palletizing components (5) has been fully loaded and palletized, a forklift is used to insert the lifting arm into the support platform (51) to lift the entire palletizing component (5) and the fully loaded packaging box, so that the support base (55) is removed from the placement frame (7). During the lifting process, the limit card seat (62) is squeezed out of the limit slot (61). After the pre-fixed and fully loaded palletizing component (5) is lifted away, the installation steps of the palletizing component (5) are repeated, a new empty palletizing component (5) is put in and fixed to resume the subsequent palletizing operation.

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