Fish catching and luring channel flow velocity supplementing device of intelligent fish lifting machine and construction technology of fish catching and luring channel flow velocity supplementing device

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent fish lifting machine fish catching and luring channel flow velocity supplementing device and a construction technology thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The device comprises a diversion system, a flow velocity sensing system and an intelligent control system, and can automatically adjust the power of the submersible pump and the nozzle angle according to the real-time flow velocity; the matching process comprises the steps of surveying design, modular prefabrication, underwater installation and debugging optimization. The flow velocity is accurately regulated and controlled, the flow tendency requirement of the target fish fingerling is met, the fish passing efficiency is improved, the construction and operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for various hydropower station fish lifting machine projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, specifically relating to an intelligent fish lifter fish trapping channel flow velocity replenishment device and its construction process. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and operation of water conservancy and hydropower projects, fish lifts are key facilities for ensuring the ecological connectivity of rivers and helping fish migrate and reproduce. The water flow velocity in the fish trapping channel is the core factor affecting the fish's tendency to move and the efficiency of fish passage.

[0003] Currently, traditional fish-trapping channels primarily use fixed flow guide structures or manually operated valves for flow velocity regulation, which has significant limitations. Firstly, these methods cannot provide real-time, precise control based on the flow velocity preferences of different fish species or dynamic changes in hydrological conditions, easily leading to excessively high or low local flow velocities and consequently, low success rates for target fish species. Secondly, traditional flow guide nozzles are mostly designed with fixed angles, resulting in a limited flow field pattern that is difficult to adapt to the flow attraction needs of fish at different water depths. Furthermore, the poor sealing performance at the connection between the nozzle and the pipeline makes long-term underwater operation prone to leakage, affecting system stability.

[0004] During equipment installation, submersible pumps are typically fixed directly to the seabed, lacking shock absorption and anti-slip design. Vibrations generated during operation can easily cause equipment displacement. Furthermore, traditional construction methods often involve decentralized on-site assembly, making underwater operations cumbersome, time-consuming, and difficult to debug. In addition, existing systems mostly collect flow velocity monitoring data locally, lacking remote monitoring and coordinated scheduling capabilities. They cannot work in conjunction with the hydropower station's discharge scheduling system, and when the discharge flow changes, the channel flow velocity is prone to significant fluctuations, further reducing fish passage efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides an intelligent fish lifter fish-catching channel flow velocity replenishment device and its construction process.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect embodiment, the present invention provides an intelligent fish lifter fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device, comprising: The flow guiding system includes at least one submersible pump, a water delivery hose, and several multi-angle adjustable flow guiding nozzles. The outlet of the submersible pump is connected to the flow guiding nozzles through the water delivery hoses, and the flow guiding nozzles point towards the entrance area of ​​the fish-catching channel. The flow velocity sensing system includes flow velocity sensors installed at one or more cross sections within the fish-catching channel to collect water flow velocity data within the channel. The intelligent control system includes a controller that is connected to a flow velocity sensor to receive flow velocity data. The controller is also electrically connected to the control units of the submersible pump and the guide nozzle to adjust the power of the submersible pump and the spray angle and direction of the guide nozzle according to a preset target flow velocity range.

[0007] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding nozzle is a ball-joint type nozzle, which can be adjusted at multiple angles in the horizontal and vertical directions. The adjustment structure of the flow guiding nozzle adopts a waterproof and sealed design, which can adapt to the underwater operating environment. The connection between the flow guiding nozzle and the water delivery hose adopts a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant sealing joint. This sealing joint can withstand underwater pressure, prevent water leakage, and ensure that the flow guiding nozzle maintains a stable water flow delivery state during the angle adjustment process, so as to meet the water flow spraying requirements in different directions.

[0008] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the submersible pump is mounted on a movable bracket, which is fixed to the bottom of the reservoir or the slope by anchors. The bracket is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with an anti-slip structure to increase the contact area with the mounting surface. A shock-absorbing component is provided between the submersible pump and the bracket. This shock-absorbing component can reduce the vibration generated by the submersible pump during operation, prevent the bracket from shifting due to vibration, and ensure that the submersible pump can operate stably underwater for a long time.

[0009] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the flow velocity sensor is an acoustic Doppler current profiler or an electromagnetic current meter. The housing of the flow velocity sensor is made of waterproof and pressure-resistant material. The sensor is installed in a location that avoids the area directly impacted by the water flow. The flow velocity sensor is fixed to the cross-section of the fish-catching channel by a special mounting bracket. The connection between the mounting bracket and the inner wall of the channel is made of expansion bolts or welding to ensure that the sensor will not shake or fall off under the action of the water flow.

[0010] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent control system further includes a remote monitoring terminal. The controller is connected to the remote monitoring terminal through a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module adopts a waterproof encapsulation design and can stably transmit signals underwater or in a humid environment. The remote monitoring terminal can receive data transmitted by the controller and send control commands to the controller to realize remote control of the flow diversion system and real-time monitoring of its operating status.

[0011] In a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, a construction process for an intelligent fish lifter fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device is provided, comprising: Measure the hydrogeological conditions at the entrance of the fish trapping channel, determine the preferred flow velocity of the target fish species, and design the placement, angle, and target flow velocity curve of the guide nozzles; On shore or in the factory, submersible pumps, brackets, flow nozzles and some pipelines are pre-assembled into modular units; The module unit is hoisted to the design position using lifting equipment and fixed with anchors. Divers then complete the connection and initial angle positioning of the water delivery hose and the guide nozzle. Install flow rate sensors and lay cables to connect electrical equipment to the controller; Manually control the flow guidance system and calibrate the flow field. After writing the target flow velocity range and control logic, start the automatic control mode trial run. After a trial run during the fish migration season, the control parameters were optimized based on the fish passage effect and operational data.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during the modular prefabrication process, the controller firmware is burned, the communication module parameters are configured, and the software pre-debugging of the flow guide nozzle control unit is completed simultaneously. A unique identification code is assigned to each module unit, and communication joint debugging between modules is completed to ensure smooth signal interaction between the submersible pump control module, the nozzle adjustment module and the controller. At the same time, the software version information and communication parameters of each module are recorded to form a modular prefabrication software debugging file, which facilitates the system integration and docking after subsequent installation.

[0013] In a further embodiment of the present invention, after the underwater foundation construction and installation are completed, an initial power-on test is added at the soft communication level. The controller issues commands to test the response status of the submersible pump start-up and shutdown and nozzle angle adjustment, detects the signal acquisition and transmission function of the flow velocity sensor, verifies the stability of the communication link between each device and the controller, locates and troubleshoots modules with communication abnormalities, and after the debugging and optimization of the communication link are completed, the subsequent sensor wiring and system integration stage is entered.

[0014] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during the sensor wiring process, after the hardware cable laying is completed, the sensor address is allocated, the data acquisition frequency is set and the signal is calibrated at the software level, the communication protocol between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal is configured, the data transmission link is established, and the preset system linkage interface is connected to complete the communication protocol matching with the hydropower station spillway scheduling system to ensure that the data can be exchanged bidirectionally in subsequent operation.

[0015] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during system debugging and parameter setting, in addition to writing the target flow rate range, it is also necessary to load the preset control algorithm logic, conduct algorithm simulation operation tests, issue test commands for different working conditions through the remote monitoring terminal, verify the response logic of the controller to automatically adjust the submersible pump power and nozzle angle, and simultaneously debug the data visualization interface of the remote monitoring terminal to ensure that the running data is displayed in real time and the commands are accurately executed.

[0016] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieve precise and intelligent control of the flow rate in the fish trapping channel, adapting to the flow rate preferences of different fish species, thereby improving the efficiency of the fish lift and the ecological benefits.

[0017] 2. The device components are waterproof, sealing, shock-absorbing, and anti-slip, which can adapt to complex underwater environments and ensure long-term stable and reliable operation of the system.

[0018] 3. Modular construction technology shortens the underwater operation cycle, reduces construction difficulty and cost, and initial power-on testing reduces the rework rate of later failures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a software debugging flowchart provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the initial power-on test provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0022] In a first aspect embodiment, the present invention provides an intelligent fish lifter fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device, comprising: The flow guiding system includes at least one submersible pump, a water delivery hose, and several multi-angle adjustable flow guiding nozzles. The outlet of the submersible pump is connected to the flow guiding nozzles through the water delivery hoses, and the flow guiding nozzles point towards the entrance area of ​​the fish-catching channel. The flow velocity sensing system includes flow velocity sensors installed at one or more cross sections within the fish-catching channel to collect water flow velocity data within the channel. The intelligent control system includes a controller that is connected to a flow velocity sensor to receive flow velocity data. The controller is also electrically connected to the control units of the submersible pump and the guide nozzle to adjust the power of the submersible pump and the spray angle and direction of the guide nozzle according to a preset target flow velocity range.

[0023] This embodiment discloses an intelligent flow velocity replenishment device for fish-catching channels of fish lifters, applicable to flow velocity control scenarios in various hydropower station fish-catching channels. The device consists of three core components: a flow guiding system, a flow velocity sensing system, and an intelligent control system, forming a complete flow velocity control closed loop.

[0024] The flow diversion system is equipped with several submersible pumps, which are installed in parallel to ensure that the system can continue to operate normally when a single pump is under maintenance. The outlet of each submersible pump is connected to a water delivery hose, the other end of which is connected to several multi-angle adjustable flow diversion nozzles. The nozzles are positioned on both sides of the entrance to the fish-attracting channel, with the installation height and position determined according to the structural characteristics of the channel. All nozzles are pointed towards the core area of ​​the channel entrance to ensure that the water jets evenly cover the channel entrance cross-section.

[0025] The flow velocity sensing system sets up several monitoring sections within the fish-attracting channel. The location of these sections is planned in conjunction with the channel length and water flow characteristics. Each section is equipped with a flow velocity sensor to collect real-time water flow velocity data at different locations. The core of the intelligent control system is the controller, which connects to the flow velocity sensors via shielded cables and is also electrically connected to the submersible pump control cabinet and the regulating motor of the guide nozzles via control modules.

[0026] During system operation, the preferred flow velocity range for the target fish species is preset. The flow velocity sensor transmits the collected real-time flow velocity data to the controller, which analyzes and processes the data. When the detected flow velocity is below the preset lower limit, the controller automatically increases the output power of the submersible pump and adjusts the spray angle of the guide nozzles to expand the water flow coverage and enhance the water flow impact, thereby increasing the water flow velocity within the channel. When the detected flow velocity is above the preset upper limit, the controller reduces the submersible pump power and adjusts the nozzle angle to reduce the water flow spray force, controlling the flow velocity within the target range. The entire adjustment process requires no manual intervention and can quickly respond to changes in flow velocity.

[0027] Through the coordinated operation of three major systems, precise and automatic regulation of the flow rate in the fish-attracting channel is achieved. Compared to the traditional method of manually adjusting valves to control the flow rate, this device significantly improves the control precision, enabling it to maintain the preferred flow rate of the target fish species stably over a long period. This greatly enhances the fish's attraction to the fish-attracting channel, thereby improving the fish lifter's efficiency. The parallel design of multiple pumps enhances the system's redundancy and reliability, preventing the entire system from collapsing due to the failure of a single device. Furthermore, the device's compact structure and small installation space requirements make it suitable for various types of hydropower station fish lift retrofit projects, demonstrating strong versatility. The automated operation of the entire system reduces the workload of manual inspection and operation, effectively lowering the hydropower station's operation and maintenance costs.

[0028] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding nozzle is a ball-joint type nozzle, which can be adjusted at multiple angles in the horizontal and vertical directions. The adjustment structure of the flow guiding nozzle adopts a waterproof and sealed design, which can adapt to the underwater operating environment. The connection between the flow guiding nozzle and the water delivery hose adopts a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant sealing joint. This sealing joint can withstand underwater pressure, prevent water leakage, and ensure that the flow guiding nozzle maintains a stable water flow delivery state during the angle adjustment process, so as to meet the water flow spraying requirements in different directions.

[0029] In this embodiment, the flow guide nozzle is optimized by adopting a ball-joint type flow guide nozzle, which is suitable for flow velocity control projects in fish-catching channels of various hydropower stations.

[0030] The main body of the ball-joint type flow guide nozzle is made of corrosion-resistant material. The nozzle's adjustment structure features a double-layer waterproof sealing design. The inner and outer sealing components effectively isolate underwater sediment and moisture, preventing corrosion and jamming of the adjustment mechanism. The connection between the nozzle and the water delivery hose uses a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant sealing joint. This joint is made of high-strength material with an anti-corrosion surface treatment, capable of withstanding the pressure of the underwater operating environment and meeting the device's operating water depth requirements.

[0031] The ball-joint structure gives the nozzles flexible adjustment capabilities, allowing for a wide range of angle adjustments in both horizontal and vertical directions. During installation, initial positioning is achieved using the nozzle's built-in angle dial, followed by precise fine-tuning via the intelligent control system's adjustment motor. In actual operation, the vertical angle of some nozzles is adjusted to create an upward spray pattern, mimicking the flow of a natural river, based on the habits of the target fish species. The vertical angle of the remaining nozzles is adjusted to enhance the water flow velocity at the bottom of the channel, meeting the flow-oriented needs of bottom-dwelling fish.

[0032] During nozzle operation, the sealing joint maintains excellent sealing performance, preventing water leakage even during frequent nozzle angle adjustments. The adjustable motor responds precisely to controller commands, quickly adjusting the nozzle's spray angle to ensure the flow field within the channel always meets preset requirements.

[0033] The ball-joint type flow guide nozzle, with its flexible multi-angle adjustment capability, breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed nozzles' single flow field. It can construct diverse water flow fields according to the habits of different fish species and the actual needs of the channel, making it more adaptable. The double-layer waterproof sealing design and pressure-resistant and wear-resistant sealing joints effectively solve the industry problems of easy corrosion and leakage in underwater nozzle adjustment mechanisms, significantly extending the nozzle's service life and reducing equipment replacement frequency and maintenance costs. Precise angle adjustment capability, combined with an intelligent control system, achieves fine-grained control of the flow field, improving the uniformity of flow velocity within the channel and reducing fish stagnation caused by excessively high or low local flow velocities. At the same time, the nozzle's material and structural design give it excellent impact and wear resistance, enabling it to adapt to water environments with high sand content and covering a wide range of hydropower station applications.

[0034] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the submersible pump is mounted on a movable bracket, which is fixed to the bottom of the reservoir or the slope by anchors. The bracket is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant material, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with an anti-slip structure to increase the contact area with the mounting surface. A shock-absorbing component is provided between the submersible pump and the bracket. This shock-absorbing component can reduce the vibration generated by the submersible pump during operation, prevent the bracket from shifting due to vibration, and ensure that the submersible pump can operate stably underwater for a long time.

[0035] In this embodiment, a movable support design is adopted, which is suitable for fish lift projects in hydropower stations with large water level fluctuations.

[0036] The movable support bracket for the submersible pump is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material. The overall frame of the bracket is a welded structure, and the welds are treated with anti-corrosion measures to prevent rust. The bottom of the bracket features an anti-slip structure, significantly increasing the contact area and friction between the bracket and the mounting surface. The bracket is secured to the slope or bottom of the reservoir using anchors. The type and method of anchoring are determined based on the geological conditions of the installation area, ensuring that the bracket will not shift under the combined effects of water flow impact and submersible pump vibration.

[0037] A vibration damping component is installed between the submersible pump and the support frame. This component effectively absorbs the vibration energy generated during pump operation, reducing the transmission of vibration to the support frame and mounting surface. The support frame has a slide rail structure on its side. The submersible pump is mounted on the slide rail via a slider. Operators can move the submersible pump along the slide rail to adjust its installation position, adapting to seasonal fluctuations in reservoir water levels. When the reservoir water level changes, the submersible pump's position can be flexibly adjusted to ensure it remains at the optimal suction depth.

[0038] In the actual installation process, the bracket is first fixed in the preset position using anchors. Then, the submersible pump is hoisted onto the bracket's slide rail, the shock-absorbing components are installed, and finally, the water delivery hose and electrical wiring are connected. The entire installation process is simple and quick, requiring no repeated visits of large equipment.

[0039] The movable support design solves the problem of traditional submersible pumps having fixed installation positions and being unable to adapt to reservoir water level fluctuations, thus broadening the applicable water level range of the submersible pump and ensuring stable water delivery efficiency in different seasons. The application of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials and anti-slip structures allows the support to operate stably for extended periods in humid, silty underwater environments, extending its service life. The inclusion of shock-absorbing components effectively reduces the vibration amplitude of the submersible pump during operation, preventing support displacement and loosening of surrounding soil due to vibration, thereby improving system operational safety. Simultaneously, the movable sliding rail design makes submersible pump inspection and maintenance more convenient; personnel can adjust the submersible pump's position for maintenance without entering the water, reducing the number of diving operations and lowering safety risks and costs. This support structure also possesses good versatility, adaptable to different models of submersible pumps, and suitable for fish lift projects in various hydropower stations.

[0040] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the flow velocity sensor is an acoustic Doppler current profiler or an electromagnetic current meter. The housing of the flow velocity sensor is made of waterproof and pressure-resistant material. The sensor is installed in a location that avoids the area directly impacted by the water flow. The flow velocity sensor is fixed to the cross-section of the fish-catching channel by a special mounting bracket. The connection between the mounting bracket and the inner wall of the channel is made of expansion bolts or welding to ensure that the sensor will not shake or fall off under the action of the water flow.

[0041] In this embodiment, an acoustic Doppler current profiler or an electromagnetic current meter is selected as the current velocity monitoring sensor. The sensor housing is made of high-strength, waterproof, and pressure-resistant material, possessing excellent waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties and capable of withstanding the pressure of the underwater operating environment. The sensor's measurement range and accuracy meet the current velocity monitoring requirements of the fish-trapping channel.

[0042] In selecting the installation location, the impact of direct water flow on the sensor's measurement accuracy and lifespan was fully considered. The sensor was placed on the side of the fish-attracting channel cross-section, avoiding the high-velocity impact area in the center of the channel. The sensor was fixed to the inner wall of the channel using a dedicated mounting bracket made of corrosion-resistant material. The connection method between the bracket and the inner wall of the channel was determined based on the channel's structural characteristics, employing a double fixing method of welding and expansion bolts. The weld joints were treated with a waterproof process to ensure that the sensor would not shake or fall off under the impact of water flow.

[0043] After installation, the sensor is calibrated on-site. The measurement data is compared with that of a standard flow velocity measuring device, and the sensor parameters are adjusted to keep the measurement error within acceptable limits. The sensor's data acquisition frequency is set according to the flow velocity control requirements. The acquired flow velocity data is transmitted to the controller in real time via a shielded cable, ensuring that the controller can promptly obtain information on flow velocity changes within the channel.

[0044] During system operation, even under complex water flow conditions, the sensor can maintain a stable working state, and the measurement data is accurate and reliable. It will not become loose or damaged due to water flow impact.

[0045] The selected flow velocity sensor boasts high measurement accuracy and fast response speed, precisely capturing changes in flow velocity within the fish-attracting channel. This provides reliable data support for the intelligent control system, improving the precision of flow velocity regulation. The high-strength, waterproof, and pressure-resistant housing design allows the sensor to withstand harsh underwater environments, exhibiting excellent pressure and corrosion resistance, thus solving the problem of traditional sensors being easily damaged in complex water flow environments. The installation location avoids areas directly impacted by water flow, and the robust installation method significantly improves the sensor's installation stability, reduces the failure rate, and extends its service life. The dedicated mounting bracket design makes sensor installation and disassembly more convenient, facilitating subsequent maintenance and calibration, and reducing maintenance workload and costs.

[0046] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent control system further includes a remote monitoring terminal. The controller is connected to the remote monitoring terminal through a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module adopts a waterproof encapsulation design and can stably transmit signals underwater or in a humid environment. The remote monitoring terminal can receive data transmitted by the controller and send control commands to the controller to realize remote control of the flow diversion system and real-time monitoring of its operating status.

[0047] In this embodiment, a remote monitoring terminal is added to the intelligent control system, which is applicable to various hydropower station fish lift projects that require remote operation and maintenance.

[0048] The intelligent control system uses a controller with wireless communication capabilities. The controller connects to the remote monitoring terminal via a wireless communication module. This module features a waterproof enclosure made of high-strength material, providing excellent waterproof and moisture-proof performance, enabling stable signal transmission underwater or in humid environments. The transmission distance of the communication module meets the communication requirements between the hydropower station's central control room and the fish-trapping channel.

[0049] The remote monitoring terminal is located in the central control room of the hydropower station. The terminal is an industrial-grade control device equipped with dedicated monitoring software. The monitoring software interface comprises three core sections: a data display area, an equipment status area, and a command issuance area. The data display area shows the flow velocity data collected by the flow velocity sensor in real time and generates a flow velocity change curve. The equipment status area displays equipment parameters such as the operating power of the submersible pump and the current angle of the guide nozzle; it automatically issues an alarm when equipment malfunctions. The command issuance area allows staff to manually issue control commands to adjust the submersible pump power and nozzle angle.

[0050] During system operation, the controller transmits real-time collected flow rate data and equipment operating status data to a remote monitoring terminal via a wireless communication module, allowing staff in the central control room to have a comprehensive understanding of the system's operation. When it is necessary to adjust the target flow rate range, staff do not need to go to the site; they can directly modify parameters on the remote monitoring terminal, and the instructions are transmitted to the controller via the wireless communication module, which automatically executes the adjustment operation. When a system malfunction occurs, the monitoring terminal will promptly issue an alarm and display relevant information about the faulty equipment, facilitating staff to quickly locate the fault and carry out repairs.

[0051] The remote monitoring terminal design enables remote control and real-time monitoring of the flow rate replenishment device, breaking geographical limitations and solving the problem of inconvenient operation and maintenance at remote hydropower stations. The waterproof encapsulated wireless communication module ensures stable signal transmission in humid, water-rich environments, reducing communication failure rates. The monitoring software's visual interface makes data and equipment status more intuitive, allowing staff to promptly identify anomalies in system operation, significantly shortening fault response time and improving system operation and maintenance efficiency. The remote command issuance function reduces the number of on-site operations required by staff, lowering the safety risks of outdoor work while saving significant manpower and time costs. Furthermore, the remote monitoring terminal can store historical operating data, facilitating data analysis and system optimization by staff, further improving fish passage efficiency.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1-3 In a second aspect embodiment, the present invention provides a construction process for an intelligent fish lifter fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device, comprising: Measure the hydrogeological conditions at the entrance of the fish trapping channel, determine the preferred flow velocity of the target fish species, and design the placement, angle, and target flow velocity curve of the guide nozzles; On shore or in the factory, submersible pumps, brackets, flow nozzles and some pipelines are pre-assembled into modular units; The module unit is hoisted to the design position using lifting equipment and fixed with anchors. Divers then complete the connection and initial angle positioning of the water delivery hose and the guide nozzle. Install flow rate sensors and lay cables to connect electrical equipment to the controller; Manually control the flow guidance system and calibrate the flow field. After writing the target flow velocity range and control logic, start the automatic control mode trial run. After a trial run during the fish migration season, the control parameters were optimized based on the fish passage effect and operational data.

[0053] In this embodiment, preliminary surveying and design work was first carried out. A professional surveying team was organized to conduct a comprehensive measurement of the hydrogeological conditions at the entrance of the fish-trapping channel. At the same time, the preferred flow velocity range of the target fish species was determined through field research. Based on the survey data and the habits of the fish species, the placement, number, and initial spray angle of the guide nozzles were designed, and the target flow velocity curve was plotted to clarify the flow velocity control targets for different time periods.

[0054] Next, modular prefabrication is carried out. In the onshore prefabrication yard or factory, the submersible pump, movable support, flow guide nozzle and some water delivery hoses are pre-assembled into several modular units. Modular prefabrication facilitates subsequent hoisting and installation.

[0055] Then, underwater installation is carried out. Prefabricated modular units are hoisted to the designed position using lifting equipment, and the brackets are fixed in the designated area using anchors to ensure the stability of the brackets. Subsequently, professional divers are arranged to go underwater to complete the connection between the water delivery hose and the flow guide nozzle, and to perform preliminary positioning of the nozzle angle according to design requirements, ensuring that the positioning accuracy meets the design standards.

[0056] After installation, the sensors are installed and cables are laid. The flow velocity sensor is installed at the preset monitoring section. The fixing method of the sensor is determined in combination with the channel structure. Then, shielded cables are laid to connect the sensor to the controller, and the submersible pump control cabinet to the controller. Protective measures are taken to prevent the cable from being damaged by water flow.

[0057] Next, system debugging was carried out. First, the submersible pump was manually started and stopped and the nozzle angle was adjusted to calibrate the flow field in the channel and ensure the uniformity of flow velocity at each monitoring section. Then, the target flow velocity range and control logic were written into the controller, and the automatic control mode was started for trial operation. The trial operation duration met the verification requirements for stable system operation.

[0058] Finally, parameter optimization was performed. During the fish migration season, the system's operational data and fish passage efficiency were continuously monitored, and the number of target fish species passing through the fish lift was counted. Based on the monitoring data, the power adjustment threshold of the submersible pump and the spray angle of the nozzles were appropriately adjusted to determine the optimal control parameters.

[0059] This embodiment employs a standardized process of surveying, prefabrication, installation, commissioning, and optimization to achieve efficient and precise construction of the intelligent flow rate replenishment device. Precise preliminary surveying and design ensured that the device's construction perfectly matched the habits of the target fish species, laying the foundation for improved fish passage efficiency. Modular prefabrication significantly shortened underwater construction time, reducing the safety risks and costs of diving operations. Stable anchoring and precise installation operations ensured the stability of the modular units, improving the system's operational reliability. A combination of manual commissioning and automatic trial operation ensured the system could quickly reach a stable operating state. Parameter optimization based on the fish migration season allowed the system to dynamically adjust according to actual fish passage results, significantly improving the fish lifter's efficiency. Furthermore, this construction process is highly versatile and applicable to fish lift projects in hydropower stations of different types and scales, possessing broad promotional value.

[0060] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during the modular prefabrication process, the controller firmware is burned, the communication module parameters are configured, and the software pre-debugging of the flow guide nozzle control unit is completed simultaneously. A unique identification code is assigned to each module unit, and communication joint debugging between modules is completed to ensure smooth signal interaction between the submersible pump control module, the nozzle adjustment module and the controller. At the same time, the software version information and communication parameters of each module are recorded to form a modular prefabrication software debugging file, which facilitates the system integration and docking after subsequent installation.

[0061] In this embodiment, during the modular prefabrication stage, in addition to completing the hardware assembly of the submersible pump, bracket, and nozzle, the focus is on software pre-debugging. First, professional equipment is used to flash the firmware onto the controller; the flashed firmware version is optimized to improve the response efficiency of flow rate control. Then, the parameters of the wireless communication module are configured to ensure that communication between modules does not interfere with each other. Simultaneously, the control unit of the flow guide nozzle is pre-debugging the software, testing the rotational accuracy and response speed of the adjustment motor to ensure that the motor can accurately execute angle adjustment commands.

[0062] Each module is assigned a unique identification code. The coding rules for these codes are determined based on project management requirements. These codes allow for quick differentiation between different module units. After code assignment, inter-module communication is tested. All module controllers are networked together, and the signal interaction between the submersible pump control module, nozzle adjustment module, and main controller is tested to ensure the main controller can accurately receive operational data from each module and issue control commands.

[0063] During the software pre-debugging process, detailed records are kept of the software version information, communication parameters, motor debugging data, and other information for each module, forming a complete modular prefabricated software debugging archive. The archive is stored using a dual backup method, with electronic documents uploaded to the hydropower station's operation and maintenance management system, and paper documents archived in a designated department, facilitating subsequent system integration and maintenance traceability after installation.

[0064] This embodiment adds a software pre-debugging stage during the modular prefabrication phase, significantly reducing on-site debugging workload, shortening on-site system integration debugging time, and improving construction efficiency. Firmware burning and communication parameter configuration ensure optimal performance of the controller and communication modules, shortening signal interaction response time and improving the overall system operating efficiency. The allocation of unique identification codes makes the management of module units more standardized, facilitating later fault diagnosis and maintenance, and significantly shortening fault location time. Complete software debugging files provide detailed technical basis for system integration and docking, avoiding integration failures caused by parameter mismatches and improving the success rate of integration and docking. In addition, the software pre-debugging stage can identify and resolve software-level problems in advance, reducing the failure rate after system operation and improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0065] In a further embodiment of the present invention, after the underwater foundation construction and installation are completed, an initial power-on test is added at the soft communication level. The controller issues commands to test the response status of the submersible pump start-up and shutdown and nozzle angle adjustment, detects the signal acquisition and transmission function of the flow velocity sensor, verifies the stability of the communication link between each device and the controller, locates and troubleshoots modules with communication abnormalities, and after the debugging and optimization of the communication link are completed, the subsequent sensor wiring and system integration stage is entered.

[0066] In this embodiment, after the underwater module unit is installed and the water delivery hose is connected, subsequent sensor wiring and system integration work are paused, and an initial power-on test is conducted first. Before the test, the electrical wiring connections of each device are checked to ensure there are no short circuits or open circuits. Then, test commands are issued through the main controller to first test the start-stop function of the submersible pump. The submersible pump is controlled to perform multiple start-stop tests, with each run lasting the required duration for performance verification. The operating status of the submersible pump is observed to ensure it is operating normally, and the water delivery hose and sealing joints are checked for leaks.

[0067] Next, the angle adjustment function of the flow guide nozzle was tested. Commands were issued to make the nozzle adjust to a full angle in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Each adjustment position was held for a certain period of time to test the response speed and angle control accuracy of the adjustment motor, ensuring that the motor runs smoothly without any jamming.

[0068] Then, test the signal acquisition and transmission function of the flow velocity sensor. Connect the sensor to the system, collect environmental flow velocity data in the channel, and observe whether the data can be accurately transmitted to the controller to ensure that the data transmission delay meets the design requirements.

[0069] Finally, the stability of the communication links between each device and the controller is verified. Professional testing methods are used to test the communication connectivity between each module and the main controller, and multiple connectivity tests are conducted to calculate the communication success rate. For modules with communication anomalies, professional methods are used to troubleshoot the cause of the fault until the communication link is stable. After the communication link debugging and optimization are completed, the subsequent sensor wiring and system integration phases can begin.

[0070] This embodiment adds an initial power-on test after underwater installation, which can identify potential problems with equipment and communication links in advance, avoiding failures after system integration, significantly reducing rework rate and costs. Start-up, shutdown, and adjustment tests of the submersible pump and nozzles ensure the normal mechanical and electrical performance of the equipment, solving the problem of integrating faulty equipment in traditional processes. Signal testing of the flow velocity sensor ensures the accuracy of data acquisition, providing reliable data support for subsequent flow velocity control. Communication link stability verification improves the system's communication success rate in complex aquatic environments, preventing system loss of control due to communication interruptions. The inclusion of the initial power-on test effectively controls the installation quality of the system, improves the overall construction quality of the project, reduces the failure rate after system operation, and further ensures the fish-passing efficiency of the fish lifter.

[0071] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during the sensor wiring process, after the hardware cable laying is completed, the sensor address is allocated, the data acquisition frequency is set and the signal is calibrated at the software level, the communication protocol between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal is configured, the data transmission link is established, and the preset system linkage interface is connected to complete the communication protocol matching with the hydropower station spillway scheduling system to ensure that the data can be exchanged bidirectionally in subsequent operation.

[0072] In this embodiment, after the hardware cabling for the flow velocity sensor is completed, the software configuration is carried out. First, sensor addresses are assigned using a standardized method, assigning a unique address code to each sensor at each monitoring section to ensure the controller can accurately identify the data collected by each sensor. Then, the data acquisition frequency is set. The acquisition frequency is determined based on the behavioral habits of the target fish species and the characteristics of flow velocity changes, ensuring both real-time data transmission and avoiding data redundancy caused by excessively high acquisition frequencies.

[0073] Next, the sensor is calibrated. A comparative test is conducted between the sensor and a standard device. Data is collected under different flow rate conditions. The calibration parameters of the sensor are adjusted by calculating the error value so that the measurement error of the sensor is controlled within the allowable range.

[0074] Then configure the communication protocol between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal, select the appropriate communication protocol, set the relevant communication parameters, and ensure smooth data transmission between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal.

[0075] Finally, the system is connected to a pre-defined system linkage interface to complete the communication protocol matching with the hydropower station's spillway dispatching system. Based on the protocol type of the spillway dispatching system, a suitable protocol conversion device is selected to achieve bidirectional data interaction between the two systems. The controller transmits the real-time flow velocity data of the fish-trapping channel to the spillway dispatching system, which adjusts the discharge flow based on the flow velocity data. Simultaneously, the spillway dispatching system transmits the discharge plan to the controller, which adjusts the flow velocity control strategy in advance to ensure that the flow velocity always meets the target requirements.

[0076] This embodiment adds a software configuration step during the sensor wiring stage, significantly improving the sensor's measurement accuracy and ensuring precise flow velocity control. Address allocation and acquisition frequency settings make data management more standardized, avoiding data confusion and redundancy, and improving the controller's data processing efficiency. Communication protocol configuration ensures stable communication between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal, guaranteeing the real-time and accurate data transmission. Protocol matching and two-way data interaction with the hydropower station's discharge scheduling system realize coordinated linkage between flow velocity control and discharge scheduling, enabling the system to adjust its operating strategy in advance according to the discharge plan, avoiding flow velocity fluctuations caused by changes in discharge volume, and improving flow velocity stability. This intelligent linkage mode further improves the fish-passing efficiency of the fish lifter, while also providing data support for the comprehensive scheduling of the hydropower station, achieving a win-win situation for ecological protection and water conservancy scheduling.

[0077] In a further embodiment of the present invention, during system debugging and parameter setting, in addition to writing the target flow rate range, it is also necessary to load the preset control algorithm logic, conduct algorithm simulation operation tests, issue test commands for different working conditions through the remote monitoring terminal, verify the response logic of the controller to automatically adjust the submersible pump power and nozzle angle, and simultaneously debug the data visualization interface of the remote monitoring terminal to ensure that the running data is displayed in real time and the commands are accurately executed.

[0078] In this embodiment, during the system debugging and parameter setting phase, in addition to writing the target flow rate range into the controller, a preset intelligent control algorithm logic is also loaded. The algorithm parameters have been verified through multiple simulations and are capable of achieving rapid and stable flow rate adjustment.

[0079] After the algorithm is loaded, a simulation test is conducted. Test commands for different operating conditions are issued through a remote monitoring terminal to simulate various water flow conditions. First, a low-flow-velocity condition is simulated, with the initial flow velocity set below the lower limit of the target range. The controller is observed to automatically increase the submersible pump power and adjust the nozzle angle to raise the flow velocity to the target range. Then, a high-flow-velocity condition is simulated, with the initial flow velocity set above the upper limit of the target range. The controller is observed to reduce the submersible pump power to lower the flow velocity to the target range. Finally, a flow velocity fluctuation condition is simulated, with the flow velocity dynamically changing outside the target range to test the controller's dynamic adjustment capability.

[0080] During simulation testing, parameters such as the controller's adjustment response time and flow rate overshoot are recorded to verify whether the controller's automatic adjustment logic for the submersible pump power and nozzle angle meets design requirements. Test results must meet design standards to ensure the system's adjustment performance is up to standard.

[0081] Simultaneously, the data visualization interface of the remote monitoring terminal was debugged and optimized, and the layout and functional modules of the interface were improved. Real-time refresh functions for flow rate change curves, early warning functions for equipment status, and query and export functions for historical data were added. This ensures that operational data can be displayed in real time and that control commands issued by staff can be executed accurately.

[0082] This embodiment incorporates an intelligent control algorithm during the system debugging phase and conducts simulation tests, significantly improving the accuracy and stability of flow velocity control. It keeps flow velocity overshoot within a minimal range, avoiding stress responses in fish caused by drastic flow velocity fluctuations. Simulation tests under different operating conditions comprehensively verify the controller's adjustment capabilities, ensuring stable system operation under various water flow conditions and enhancing the system's adaptability. The data visualization interface debugging of the remote monitoring terminal makes data display more intuitive, functions more complete, and operation more convenient for staff, further improving system maintenance efficiency. The improved command execution success rate ensures system reliability and reduces system control failures caused by command execution failures. Furthermore, the application of the intelligent control algorithm gives the system adaptability, enabling it to automatically adjust control strategies based on real-time flow velocity changes without manual intervention, truly achieving intelligent operation. This provides a stable and suitable water flow environment for fish, effectively improving the fish lifter's fish passage efficiency and ecological benefits.

[0083] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flow rate replenishment device for the fish-catching channel of an intelligent fish-lifting machine, characterized in that, include: The flow guiding system includes at least one submersible pump, a water delivery hose, and several multi-angle adjustable flow guiding nozzles. The outlet of the submersible pump is connected to the flow guiding nozzles through the water delivery hoses, and the flow guiding nozzles point towards the entrance area of ​​the fish-catching channel. The flow velocity sensing system includes flow velocity sensors installed at one or more cross sections within the fish-catching channel to collect water flow velocity data within the channel. The intelligent control system includes a controller that is connected to a flow velocity sensor to receive flow velocity data. The controller is also electrically connected to the control units of the submersible pump and the guide nozzle to adjust the power of the submersible pump and the spray angle and direction of the guide nozzle according to a preset target flow velocity range.

2. The intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide nozzle is a ball-joint type nozzle, which can be adjusted at multiple angles in both horizontal and vertical directions. The adjustment structure of the flow guide nozzle adopts a waterproof and sealed design, which can adapt to the underwater operating environment. The connection between the flow guide nozzle and the water delivery hose adopts a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant sealing joint. This sealing joint can withstand underwater pressure, prevent water leakage, and ensure that the flow guide nozzle maintains a stable water flow delivery state during the angle adjustment process, meeting the water flow spraying needs in different directions.

3. The intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The submersible pump is mounted on a movable support, which is fixed to the bottom or slope of the reservoir by anchors. The support is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant material, and the bottom of the support is equipped with an anti-slip structure to increase the contact area with the mounting surface. A shock-absorbing component is installed between the submersible pump and the support to reduce the vibration generated by the submersible pump during operation, prevent the support from shifting due to vibration, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the submersible pump underwater.

4. The intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow velocity sensor is an acoustic Doppler current profiler or an electromagnetic current meter. The housing of the flow velocity sensor is made of waterproof and pressure-resistant material. The sensor is installed in a location that avoids the area directly impacted by the water flow. The flow velocity sensor is fixed to the cross-section of the fish-catching channel by a special mounting bracket. The connection between the mounting bracket and the inner wall of the channel is made of expansion bolts or welding to ensure that the sensor will not shake or fall off under the action of water flow.

5. The intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system also includes a remote monitoring terminal. The controller is connected to the remote monitoring terminal through a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module adopts a waterproof encapsulation design and can stably transmit signals underwater or in humid environments. The remote monitoring terminal can receive data transmitted by the controller and send control commands to the controller to realize remote control of the flow diversion system and real-time monitoring of its operating status.

6. A construction process for an intelligent fish-lifting machine's fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device, characterized in that, include: Measure the hydrogeological conditions at the entrance of the fish trapping channel, determine the preferred flow velocity of the target fish species, and design the placement, angle, and target flow velocity curve of the guide nozzles; On shore or in the factory, submersible pumps, brackets, flow nozzles and some pipelines are pre-assembled into modular units; The module unit is hoisted to the design position using lifting equipment and fixed with anchors. Divers then complete the connection and initial angle positioning of the water delivery hose and the guide nozzle. Install flow rate sensors and lay cables to connect electrical equipment to the controller; Manually control the flow guidance system and calibrate the flow field. After writing the target flow velocity range and control logic, start the automatic control mode trial run. After a trial run during the fish migration season, the control parameters were optimized based on the fish passage effect and operational data.

7. The construction process of the intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the modular prefabrication process, the controller firmware is burned, the communication module parameters are configured, and the software pre-debugging of the flow guide nozzle control unit is completed simultaneously. Each module is assigned a unique identification code, and communication between modules is completed to ensure smooth signal interaction between the submersible pump control module, the nozzle adjustment module, and the controller. At the same time, the software version information and communication parameters of each module are recorded to form a modular prefabrication software debugging file, which facilitates system integration and docking after subsequent installation.

8. The construction process of the intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the underwater foundation construction and installation are completed, an initial power-on test is added at the soft communication level. The response status of the submersible pump start-up and shutdown and nozzle angle adjustment is tested by issuing commands through the controller. The signal acquisition and transmission function of the flow velocity sensor is detected, the stability of the communication link between each device and the controller is verified, and modules with communication abnormalities are located and troubleshooted. After the debugging and optimization of the communication link are completed, the subsequent sensor wiring and system integration stage is entered.

9. The construction process of the intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the sensor wiring process, after the hardware cable laying is completed, the sensor address is assigned, the data acquisition frequency is set and the signal is calibrated at the software level. The communication protocol between the controller and the remote monitoring terminal is configured, the data transmission link is established, and the preset system linkage interface is connected to complete the communication protocol matching with the hydropower station spillway dispatching system to ensure that the data can be exchanged bidirectionally in subsequent operation.

10. The construction process of the intelligent fish-lifting machine fish-attracting channel flow velocity replenishment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, During system debugging and parameter setting, in addition to writing the target flow rate range, it is also necessary to load the preset control algorithm logic, conduct algorithm simulation operation tests, and issue test commands for different working conditions through the remote monitoring terminal to verify the controller's response logic for automatically adjusting the submersible pump power and nozzle angle. The data visualization interface of the remote monitoring terminal is also debugged simultaneously to ensure that the operating data is displayed in real time and the commands are executed accurately.

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