Construction method of high and steep slope and roadbed

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method for a high and steep slope and a roadbed, which comprises the following steps of: 1, laying a control line according to a design construction drawing, and excavating in a layered and segmented manner; secondly, according to the design construction drawing, lofting is conducted on the base layer with the foundation treated, and the installation position of the bottommost gabion retaining wall is determined; thirdly, geogrids are laid on the base layer subjected to foundation treatment; fourthly, gabion retaining walls are installed on the laid geogrids along the lofting line; fifthly, water filtering geotextile is laid on the contact face of the installed gabion retaining wall and the soil body and the laid geogrids; step 6, backfilling the soil body; seventhly, the second step to the sixth step are repeated till the wall top elevation is designed; through combined construction of the gabion retaining wall and the geogrid, a high composite retaining and high roadbed structure is formed, the limitation of a single structure under a certain complex working condition is solved, the face-to-wall slope ratio is greatly increased, and the pavement area is enlarged after construction is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commonly used methods for reinforcing and protecting high embankment slopes include slope paving, sprayed concrete and vegetation, gravity retaining walls, and cable anchors. These structures are generally suitable for embankment slopes of average height.

[0003] However, when the slope filling height is large, the above-mentioned methods often fail to meet the structural stability requirements, significantly increasing the construction difficulty. In addition, a gentler slope ratio is often required, resulting in a significant reduction in the usable area of ​​the road. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds, which has the advantage of increasing the slope ratio of the face wall, thereby increasing the road surface area after construction.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Lay out control lines according to the design and construction drawings, and excavate in layers and sections; Step 2: Based on the design and construction drawings, lay out the base layer on which the foundation treatment has been completed to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall; Step 3: Lay geogrid on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed; Step 4: Install gabion retaining walls along the layout line on the laid geogrid; Step 5: Lay a water-filtering geotextile on the contact surface between the installed gabion retaining wall and the soil, as well as on the laid geogrid. Step Six: Backfill the soil; Step 7: Repeat steps 2 through 6 until the designed top wall elevation is reached.

[0006] Preferably, the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention includes, in step two, setting out on the base course after foundation treatment according to the design drawings to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall, which includes: According to the design and construction drawings, using surveying instruments, the installation edge line and axis position of the bottom gabion box are marked on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed. The marks are then firmly marked with wooden stakes or steel bars driven into the ground, and the engineering line is laid out as a preliminary control.

[0007] Preferably, the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention includes, in step three, laying geogrid on the base layer after foundation treatment, comprising: Before laying the geogrid, clean the base surface within the laying area, remove debris, and level and compact it; Lay out the geogrid according to the design and construction drawings, and lay the geogrid along the layout line. The laying direction of the geogrid is perpendicular to the axis of the gabion retaining wall. After laying, pull on both ends of the geogrid to make it fully spread out on the laying surface, smooth and wrinkle-free, and under tension. Then, use U-shaped steel nails to anchor the geogrid to the base layer.

[0008] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, two adjacent geogrids are joined by a single rib and the joint is securely tied with steel wire.

[0009] Preferably, the construction method for high and steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention includes a gabion retaining wall comprising a hexagonal double-twisted steel wire gabion box and a top cover mesh. The gabion box is arranged to form an accommodating cavity, which is filled with stone. The top cover mesh covers the top of the gabion box.

[0010] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, the gabion mesh includes a body and an extension, one end of the extension is connected to the bottom end of the body, and the other end of the extension extends to the outside of the body; when backfilling, the soil presses down on the extension.

[0011] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, step four, installing gabion retaining walls along the layout line on the laid geogrid, includes: Place the gabion basket along the laid-out installation edge line; The overlapping border lines of two adjacent gabion cages are bound together with steel wire to form a sturdy whole. The rear panel of the gabion mesh is tightly tied to the laid geogrid; The gabion mesh box is filled with stones. When the stones are filled to the preset height of the gabion mesh box, a pair of tie wires are set at preset intervals inside the gabion mesh box to pull the opposite mesh panels inward. After the stones are filled to the design elevation and leveled, the top cover mesh is placed on top, and the top cover mesh is firmly tied to the gabion box using twisted steel wire.

[0012] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, the porosity of the stones filling the gabion mesh is not greater than 30%.

[0013] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, the preset distance ranges from 20cm to 40cm.

[0014] Preferably, in the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by the present invention, step six, backfilling, includes: Samples of the proposed filler material were sent to the laboratory for standard compaction tests to determine the moisture content and dry density. A layer of loose soil of a predetermined thickness is laid on the already laid geogrid as a protective layer; Compaction was carried out using a vibratory roller; Within the predicted distance of the gabion retaining wall, manual labor combined with a small rammer is used to compact the material in layers.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In the case of steep slopes and roadbeds, compared with conventional slope protection methods, the usable area of ​​the road surface can be expanded by increasing the slope ratio; 2. Gabion mesh itself has flexibility, and working together with geogrid, the hybrid structure can better adapt to foundation deformation, effectively resist uneven settlement, and avoid the shortcomings of rigid concrete structures that are prone to cracking; 3. The wall panels of the gabion retaining wall have natural water permeability, which allows groundwater in the backfill soil behind the wall to drain smoothly, effectively reducing water pressure behind the wall and improving the long-term stability of the structure; 4. As a flexible structure, the gabion retaining wall and geogrid reinforcement can absorb and dissipate seismic energy through their own deformation, effectively buffering the deformation caused by lateral earth pressure, thus having excellent seismic performance; at the same time, high-quality gabion wire and geogrid have weathering and corrosion resistance properties, ensuring the long-term durability of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a high and steep slope in the construction method of high and steep slopes and roadbeds provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steep slope and roadbed in the construction method of the steep slope and roadbed provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram, 1 is geogrid; 2 is gabion retaining wall; 21 is gabion mesh box; 211 is the main body; 212 is the extension; 22 is stone material; and 3 is filter geotextile. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Lay out control lines according to the design and construction drawings, and excavate in layers and sections; Step 2: Based on the design and construction drawings, lay out the layout on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall 2; Step 3: Lay geogrid 1 on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed; Step 4: Install gabion retaining wall 2 along the layout line on the completed geogrid 1; Step 5: Lay a water-filtering geotextile 3 on the contact surface between the installed gabion retaining wall 2 and the soil, as well as on the laid geogrid 1. Step Six: Backfill the soil; Step 7: Repeat steps 2 to 6 until the design wall top elevation is reached; by combining gabion retaining wall 2 with geogrid 1, a high composite retaining and high subgrade structure is formed, which solves the limitations of a single structure under certain complex working conditions, greatly increases the slope ratio of the wall, and expands the road surface area after construction.

[0022] In this system, geogrid 1 serves as a reinforcing material, laid in layers with the fill soil. Through the mutual friction between geogrid 1 and the soil, a composite high-strength geogrid reinforced structure is formed, used for load retention and slope stabilization. Gabion retaining wall 2 is constructed in conjunction with geogrid 1, forming a composite retaining structure that fully leverages the advantages of both, overcoming the limitations of single structures under complex working conditions.

[0023] It should be noted that the geogrid 1 is a strip-type geogrid formed by bundling polyester yarns into strands and covering them with a polyethylene sheath protective layer. These strands are then connected to each other through an ultrasonic welding process to form a mesh-like planar structure.

[0024] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step one, laying out control lines according to the design and construction drawings, and excavating in layers and sections, includes: drawing earthwork excavation diagrams according to the construction drawings, marking 1:1 stable slope lines on the construction drawings, setting two-meter-wide buffer platform lines between each level of slope, and the final excavation bottom elevation line.

[0025] Before construction, professional surveyors used total station equipment to accurately lay out key control lines such as the top line of the slope, the platform line, and the toe line of the slope on the site according to the excavation diagram, and clearly marked them with eye-catching wooden stakes or white lime lines.

[0026] When carrying out layered and segmented excavation, the excavation depth of each layer should be controlled at 2-3 meters, and the segment length should be determined based on the site geological conditions and the efficiency of construction machinery. During the excavation process, a thick soil layer of approximately the predetermined thickness should be reserved on the slopes and foundation, and manual cleaning and slope trimming should be carried out. Over-excavation, under-excavation, or disturbance of the original foundation soil by machinery is strictly prohibited. The excavated soil should be transported to the designated site in a timely manner. After the soil excavation reaches the working face elevation, a static load test should be conducted, and the test data should be verified. After the verification value meets the design requirements, the next step of construction can proceed.

[0027] The preset thickness ranges from 15cm to 25cm, and in this embodiment, the preset thickness is 20cm.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gabion retaining wall 2 includes a hexagonal gabion mesh box 21 with double twisted steel wire and a top cover mesh. The double twisted steel wire gabion mesh box 21 is arranged to form an accommodating cavity, which is filled with stones 22. The top cover mesh is placed on the top of the double twisted steel wire gabion mesh box 21 to form a retaining wall with integrity and permeability.

[0029] The double-twisted steel wire gabion 21 includes a main body 211 and an extension 212. One end of the extension 212 is connected to the bottom end of the main body 211, and the other end of the extension 212 extends to the outside of the main body 211. When backfilling, the soil presses down on the extension 212. By setting the extension 212, after the stones 22 are filled into the main body 211 of the gabion retaining wall 2, the backfill soil can firmly press down on the extension 212, preventing the gabion retaining wall 2 from overturning outward.

[0030] Specifically, the length of the extension 212 ranges from 2m to 3m. In this embodiment, the length of the extension 212 is 2.2m.

[0031] In this embodiment, after step one, laying out control lines according to the design and construction drawings and excavating in layers and sections, and before step two, laying out on the base layer with completed foundation treatment according to the design and construction drawings to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall 2, the following steps are also included: after transporting the factory-prefabricated semi-finished gabion mesh to the site, unfolding it along the folds on the leveled ground to restore it to the shape of the double-twisted steel wire gabion box 21 of the design size, and using special binding steel wire of the same material as the double-twisted steel wire gabion box 21, performing three-point double twisting and spiral single twisting connections on each connecting edge of the double-twisted steel wire gabion box 21, including the side edges of adjacent mesh panels and the connection between the partition and the edge mesh, to ensure that all connection points are firm, the gabion box is stable as a whole, and reaches a finished product state that can be filled.

[0032] The high-strength geogrid 1, transported in rolls, was stored in a cool, dry place after arriving at the site. Before laying, it was precisely cut on-site using professional cutting tools according to the length required by the construction drawings to avoid arbitrarily pulling or damaging it.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step two, according to the design and construction drawings, lays out on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall 2, including: according to the design and construction drawings, using measuring instruments, laying out on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed, marking out the installation edge line and axis position of the bottom gabion box 21, and firmly marking it with wooden stakes or steel bars driven into the ground, and pulling out engineering lines as preliminary control.

[0034] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, step three, laying geogrid 1 on the base layer that has undergone foundation treatment, includes: S301. Before laying geogrid 1, clean the base surface within the laying range, remove debris, and level and compact it.

[0035] Specifically, before laying the grating, thoroughly clean the base surface within the laying area, remove tree roots, sharp stones and other debris that may puncture the grating, and level and compact it.

[0036] S302. Lay out the layout according to the design and construction drawings, and lay geogrid 1 along the layout line. The laying direction of geogrid 1 is perpendicular to the axis of gabion retaining wall 2.

[0037] Specifically, the geogrid 1 is laid with its main strength direction perpendicular to the axis of the gabion retaining wall 2 to ensure that it is subjected to reasonable stress.

[0038] S303. After laying, pull both ends of the geogrid 1 to make it fully spread out on the laying surface, smooth and wrinkle-free, and under tension. Then, use U-shaped steel nails to anchor the geogrid 1 to the base layer. By setting U-shaped steel nails, the geogrid 1 is prevented from shifting during backfilling.

[0039] Specifically, after laying, the two ends of the geogrid are manually pulled to make it fully spread out on the laying surface, smooth and without wrinkles. U-shaped steel nails are used to anchor the geogrid 1 to the underlying fill soil at a 1m×1m spacing in a quincunx pattern.

[0040] Among them, two adjacent geogrids 1 adopt single-rib overlap, and the overlap is firmly tied with steel wire to ensure the continuity of geogrid 1.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step four, installing the gabion retaining wall 2 along the layout line on the laid geogrid 1, includes: S401. Place gabion baskets 21 along the laid-out installation lines.

[0042] Specifically, along the laid-out edge lines, accurately place the assembled gabion baskets 21 to ensure that the gabion baskets 21 are closely packed together and aligned with the edge lines.

[0043] S402. The overlapping border lines of two adjacent gabion cages 21 are tied with steel wire to form a sturdy whole.

[0044] Specifically, the overlapping border lines of two adjacent gabion cages 21 are bound together with steel wire of the same material as the gabion cage 21 using a three-point double twist and a spiral continuous binding to form a solid whole.

[0045] S403. Tightly bind and connect the rear panel of the gabion mesh box 21 to the laid geogrid 1.

[0046] Specifically, the rear panel of the gabion mesh box 21 is tightly tied to the laid geogrid 1, with the tying point spacing not exceeding 20cm. This setting ensures that when the geogrid 1 is tightened due to the force of the backfill soil, it can generate an inward restraining force on the gabion mesh box 21 in the gabion retaining wall 2, effectively preventing the gabion retaining wall 2 from bulging outward or overturning under the action of soil pressure, and realizing the coordinated work of the gabion retaining wall 2 and the reinforced body.

[0047] S404. Fill the gabion box 21 with stones 22. When the stones 22 are filled to the preset height of the gabion box 21, set a pair of steel wires at preset intervals inside the gabion box 21 to pull the two opposite mesh panels inward.

[0048] Among them, the filler stone 22 must be selected from hard, weather-resistant, and hydrolysis-resistant blocks or slabs, with a strength grade of not less than MU30 and a specific gravity of not less than 2.5t / m³. The particle size is mainly controlled between 100-300mm, with good gradation.

[0049] Specifically, after filling, the porosity of the stones 22 inside the gabion mesh box 21 should not exceed 30%. During filling, larger stones with flat surfaces and regular shapes should be placed on the four walls of the gabion mesh box 21. Avoid using stones 22 with sharp edges to directly contact the mesh surface to prevent damage to the gabion mesh box 21 and the coating of the stranded steel wire.

[0050] The preset distance ranges from 20cm to 40cm. In this embodiment, when the stones 22 are filled to about half the height of the gabion box 21, a pair of tie wires are set every 30cm inside the gabion box 21 to pull the opposite mesh panels inward to offset the lateral pressure caused by the later filling stage and the upper load, effectively preventing the gabion box from bulging and deforming.

[0051] After filling S405 and stone 22 to the design elevation and leveling, cover with the top cover mesh and use twisted steel wire to firmly bind the top cover mesh to the gabion box 21.

[0052] Specifically, after the top cover mesh is installed, twisted steel wire of the same material as the gabion basket 21 is used to securely bind the top cover mesh to the perimeter lines and top of the partitions of the gabion basket 21. The binding method involves wrapping the wire with single or double loops at pre-reserved intervals and tightening it. All adjacent sides must be continuously spirally wrapped and bound to ensure that the gabion basket 21 is completely enclosed into a sturdy integral unit.

[0053] The range of the reserved distance is 15cm-25cm. In this embodiment, the reserved distance is 20cm.

[0054] Further, in this embodiment, step five, laying a filter geotextile 3 on the contact surface between the installed gabion retaining wall 2 and the soil, and on the laid geogrid 1, includes: tightly laying a filter geotextile 3 with good permeability and excellent reverse filtration performance on the rear wall of the gabion cage 21 and the laid geogrid 1. During laying, it should be flat and wrinkle-free. The width of each strip of the filter geotextile 3 should be sufficient so that after covering the soil reinforced with geogrid 1, each side can wrap inwards at least 30cm to form a complete wrap, preventing the loss of backfill particles and ensuring smooth drainage. After the filter geotextile 3 is laid and wrapped, a small amount of sandbags or backfill should be used to temporarily press down the edges to prevent slippage or displacement during subsequent backfilling operations, ensuring its reverse filtration function remains effective.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step six, backfilling the soil, includes: S601. Take samples of the proposed packing material and send them to the laboratory for standard compaction tests to determine the moisture content and dry density.

[0056] Specifically, before backfilling, samples of the proposed fill material are sent to the laboratory for standard compaction tests to determine its optimum moisture content and maximum dry density, which serve as the basis for on-site compaction control.

[0057] S602. Lay a layer of loose soil of a predetermined thickness on the already laid geogrid 1 as a protective layer.

[0058] Specifically, the preset thickness ranges from 10cm to 30cm. In this embodiment, the preset thickness is 20cm. That is to say, before the formal backfilling, a layer of loose soil about 20cm thick is first laid on the laid geogrid 1 as a protective layer to prevent heavy compaction equipment from directly contacting and damaging the geogrid.

[0059] S603, Compaction is carried out using a vibratory roller.

[0060] Specifically, the compaction sequence should follow this order: first compact the middle part of the reinforced body with geogrid 1, with the equipment running as perpendicular as possible to geogrid 1 to facilitate the tensioning of geogrid 1; then compact the tail end; and finally compact the area near the gabion retaining wall 2.

[0061] Within the predicted distance of S604 and gabion retaining wall 2, manual labor combined with a small rammer is used to compact the material in layers.

[0062] The predicted distance ranges from 0.9m to 1.5m, and in this embodiment, the predicted distance is 1m.

[0063] Specifically, within a 21-meter radius of the gabion retaining wall, large machinery is strictly prohibited from compacting the surface. Instead, manual labor combined with a small rammer must be used to compact the surface in layers to prevent mechanical collisions that could cause deformation of the gabion retaining wall.

[0064] After each backfill layer is compacted, the compaction degree is tested on-site at a frequency of at least 3 testing points every 50 linear meters. The compaction degree of the main area of ​​the geogrid 1 reinforced body is not less than 97%; the compaction degree within 1 meter of the wall is not less than 90%.

[0065] When located in a mine, low-grade ore tailings and associated soil generated during ore mining are used as reinforcing soil filler. These materials typically have a high angle of internal friction and excellent mechanical properties. This on-site utilization of waste resources saves on filler costs and the expense of transporting tailings over long distances to spoil disposal sites, achieving both environmental and economic benefits.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step seven, repeating steps two to six until the designed top elevation of the wall, includes: repeating steps two to six to carry out the construction of the next layer of gabion retaining wall 2, geogrid 1, and backfill until the designed top elevation of the wall.

[0067] The installation process of the two gabion boxes 21 between the two adjacent geogrids 1 is as follows: After the lower gabion box 21 is filled with stone 22, before or at the same time as the upper gabion box 21 is placed, the corresponding frames of the upper and lower gabion boxes must be firmly tied together with steel wire of the same material. This measure greatly enhances the vertical integrity and shear and overturning resistance of the gabion retaining wall 2, so that the entire gabion retaining wall 2 works together as a continuous and stable whole structure.

[0068] Specifically, during construction, to ensure the accurate realization of the designed slope ratio and maintain the continuity and straightness of the slope, the layered staggered terrace process must be strictly implemented. The specific procedure is as follows: after each two layers of gabion mesh boxes 21 (with a cumulative height of approximately one meter) are filled and installed, the gabion mesh boxes 21 on the adjacent slope side must be horizontally recessed 5 centimeters inwards to form a uniform staggered terrace. The key to this operation is to achieve a stable and consistent designed slope from bottom to top through layer-by-layer, quantitative inward recessing, avoiding abrupt changes in the slope or local bulging. During construction, the size and direction of the staggered terraces should be strictly controlled to ensure accurate recessing and smooth alignment of each layer, thereby ensuring structural stability and roadbed width while achieving a neat slope appearance and continuous slope ratio throughout the entire section.

[0069] It should be noted that the excavation of the earthwork to the working face and the completion of the backfilling of the earthwork should maintain a front higher and back lower angle with the horizontal plane of about 5°, so that the gabion retaining wall 2 has an inward tilt angle to prevent it from sliding and tilting outward.

[0070] The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided in this embodiment is applicable to high embankment slopes, ultra-high retaining walls, and high fill slopes.

[0071] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 Taking the coarse crushing industrial site as an example, after the gabion retaining wall 2 is completed, the concrete foundation of the crusher's overhead crane bridge needs to be precisely poured on it. This places extremely high demands on the top plane position and dimensions of the gabion retaining wall 2. Therefore, it is essential to ensure the absolute accuracy of the layout of the bottommost gabion retaining wall 2's edge line. Furthermore, due to the relatively steep slope of the gabion retaining wall 2, errors during construction are easily accumulated and amplified. After each layer of gabion cages 21 is completed, the coordinates and elevation of the top edge line of that layer are re-measured using precision instruments such as a total station or level, and timely corrections are made to ensure the wall's straightness and accurate slope, creating precise conditions for the equipment foundation construction.

[0072] The beneficial technical effects of the construction method for high and steep slopes and roadbeds provided in this application are as follows: 1. In the case of high and steep slopes and roadbeds, compared with conventional slope protection methods, the usable area of ​​the road surface can be expanded by increasing the slope ratio; 2. The gabion mesh 21 itself has flexibility and works together with the geogrid 1, enabling the hybrid structure to better adapt to foundation deformation, effectively resist uneven settlement, and avoid the disadvantage of rigid concrete structures being prone to cracking; 3. The wall panel of the gabion retaining wall 2 has the characteristic of natural water permeability, which allows groundwater in the backfill soil behind the wall to drain smoothly, effectively reducing the water pressure behind the wall and improving the long-term stability of the structure; 4. As a flexible structure, the gabion retaining wall 2 and the geogrid 1 reinforcement can absorb and dissipate seismic energy through their own deformation, effectively buffering the deformation caused by lateral earth pressure, thus having excellent seismic performance; at the same time, the high-quality gabion mesh and geogrid 1 both have the characteristics of weathering resistance and corrosion resistance, ensuring the long-term durability of the structure.

[0073] The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds provided by this invention has the following advantages: the construction process is simple, it is less affected by the weather, the construction speed is fast, and it can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost.

[0074] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Lay out control lines according to the design and construction drawings, and excavate in layers and sections; Step 2: Based on the design and construction drawings, lay out the base layer on which the foundation treatment has been completed to determine the installation position of the bottom gabion retaining wall; Step 3: Lay geogrid on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed; Step 4: Install gabion retaining walls along the layout line on the laid geogrid; Step 5: Lay a water-filtering geotextile on the contact surface between the installed gabion retaining wall and the soil, as well as on the laid geogrid. Step Six: Backfill the soil; Step 7: Repeat steps 2 through 6 until the designed top wall elevation is reached.

2. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step Two: Based on the design and construction drawings, lay out the layout on the completed foundation layer to determine the installation position of the lowest gabion retaining wall, including: According to the design and construction drawings, using surveying instruments, the installation edge line and axis position of the bottom gabion box are marked on the base layer where the foundation treatment has been completed. The marks are then firmly marked with wooden stakes or steel bars driven into the ground, and the engineering line is laid out as a preliminary control.

3. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3: Lay geogrid on the base layer after the foundation treatment has been completed, including: Before laying the geogrid, clean the base surface within the laying area, remove debris, and level and compact it; Lay out the geogrid according to the design and construction drawings, and lay the geogrid along the layout line. The laying direction of the geogrid is perpendicular to the axis of the gabion retaining wall. After laying, pull on both ends of the geogrid to make it fully spread out on the laying surface, smooth and wrinkle-free, and under tension. Then, use U-shaped steel nails to anchor the geogrid to the base layer.

4. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two adjacent geogrids are joined by a single rib and the joint is securely tied with steel wire.

5. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gabion retaining wall includes hexagonal double-twisted steel wire gabion boxes and a top cover mesh. The gabion boxes are arranged to form a cavity, which is filled with stones. The top cover mesh covers the top of the gabion boxes.

6. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gabion cage includes a body and an extension, one end of which is connected to the bottom end of the body, and the other end of which extends to the outside of the body. When backfilling, the soil presses down on the extension.

7. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 4: Install gabion retaining walls along the layout line on the laid geogrid, including: Place the gabion basket along the laid-out installation edge line; The overlapping border lines of two adjacent gabion cages are bound together with steel wire to form a sturdy whole. The rear panel of the gabion mesh is tightly tied to the laid geogrid; The gabion mesh box is filled with stones. When the stones are filled to the preset height of the gabion mesh box, a pair of tie wires are set at preset intervals inside the gabion mesh box to pull the opposite mesh panels inward. After the stones are filled to the design elevation and leveled, the top cover mesh is placed on top, and the top cover mesh is firmly tied to the gabion box using twisted steel wire.

8. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The porosity of the stones filling the gabion basket is no more than 30%.

9. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preset distance ranges from 20cm to 40cm.

10. The construction method for steep slopes and roadbeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step Six: Backfilling, including: Samples of the proposed filler material were sent to the laboratory for standard compaction tests to determine the moisture content and dry density. A layer of loose soil of a predetermined thickness is laid on the already laid geogrid as a protective layer; Compaction was carried out using a vibratory roller; Within the predicted distance of the gabion retaining wall, manual labor combined with a small rammer is used to compact the material in layers.

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