Water conservancy and hydropower construction drainage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower construction. The device comprises a collecting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a collecting basket, an intercepting module, a supporting assembly and a water pumping unit. The collecting mechanism is obliquely arranged and used for salvaging the waterway garbage, and the conveying mechanism is horizontally arranged, perpendicular to the collecting mechanism and used for conveying the garbage to the collecting basket; the transmission mechanism is arranged between the two and synchronously drives the two to operate; the intercepting module is arranged below the collecting mechanism to intercept and filter silt and is linked with the transmission mechanism; the supporting assembly is installed at the bottom, and the water pumping unit is arranged on the rear side of the intercepting module for drainage. Through cooperation of the collecting mechanism and the conveying mechanism, automatic garbage cleaning is achieved, and the problem that a water inlet is prone to being blocked is thoroughly solved; the intercepting module is matched to effectively isolate silt, the water pump is prevented from being abraded, the continuity and efficiency of construction drainage operation are remarkably improved, and the service life of equipment is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower construction technology, and in particular to a drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, pit drainage, cofferdam dewatering, and river dredging are essential and critical steps. Due to the complex construction environment, the water often contains a large amount of floating debris (such as dead branches and leaves, domestic waste, etc.) and silt particles. If conventional pumping equipment is used directly, these debris can easily entangle or clog the pump impeller and inlet, which not only seriously affects drainage efficiency but may even cause the motor to overload and burn out. Therefore, in order to ensure construction progress and equipment safety, it is usually necessary to use drainage devices with filtration or decontamination functions to pre-treat and discharge the construction water.

[0003] A search revealed that some existing technologies for drainage devices used in water conservancy and hydropower construction mainly include a base plate, a fixing frame, a water pump, and a filter assembly. By setting a filter screen or filter box at the water inlet, it attempts to intercept large particulate impurities in the water during the pumping process to prevent debris from entering the pump body, thereby achieving basic drainage protection functions.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have significant limitations in practical use. First, the interception methods they employ are mostly static passive filtration. When there are many floating objects on the water surface, the debris quickly adheres to and accumulates on the filter screen, causing a sharp reduction in the flow area and easily leading to blockages, forcing the drainage operation to be interrupted. Second, the intercepted debris lacks an automatic cleaning and conveying mechanism, requiring frequent manual shutdowns for cleaning. This not only increases the labor intensity and safety risks for construction workers but also makes it difficult to meet the continuous, high-intensity construction drainage needs. In addition, simple mesh filtration is often ineffective in separating fine silt mixed in the water flow. After the silt enters the pump body, it will continue to cause wear on the mechanical seal and impeller, shortening the service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing drainage technologies in water conservancy and hydropower construction, namely that existing devices mostly employ static passive filtration, which easily leads to filter clogging, frequent manual cleaning, and ineffective separation of fine silt, resulting in pump wear, this invention provides a drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction. This device can automatically and continuously retrieve, transport, and collect floating debris in water bodies, while also possessing silt interception, filtration, and self-cleaning functions, achieving high efficiency and automation in construction drainage.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction includes a collection mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a collection basket, an interception module, a support assembly, and a pump unit.

[0007] The collection mechanism is inclined and used to retrieve garbage and debris from the waterway; the conveying mechanism is horizontally positioned at the output end of the collection mechanism, and its conveying direction is perpendicular to that of the collection mechanism; the collection basket is located at the output end of the conveying mechanism; the transmission mechanism is located between the collection mechanism and the conveying mechanism to synchronously drive their operation; the interception module is located below the collection mechanism to intercept and filter silt in the waterway, and is connected and linked to the transmission mechanism; the support assembly is installed at the bottom of the collection mechanism and the conveying mechanism to support the main body of the device; the pump unit is located below the conveying mechanism and behind the interception module for pumping water.

[0008] Preferably, the collecting mechanism includes two sets of inclined parallel side supports, a fixed frame connected between the two sets of side supports, a rotating rod rotatably connected between the two sets of side supports near both ends, two sets of sprockets A mounted on the rotating rod, a conveyor belt A sleeved on the sprockets A, and a side baffle mounted on the two sets of fixed frames and close to the side of the conveyor belt A.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a U-shaped enclosure frame horizontally disposed at the top of the side support, a connecting plate connecting the enclosure frame and the end of the side support, two sets of transmission rods rotatably mounted on the inner side of the enclosure frame, and a conveyor belt B sleeved on the transmission rods; a guide plate inclined toward the conveyor belt B is disposed between the conveyor belt A and the conveyor belt B to guide the waste from the collection mechanism to the conveying mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a geared motor, bevel gear A, bevel gear B, bevel gear C, and transmission gears. The geared motor is located below the enclosure frame, with its output shaft vertically upward and connected to bevel gear A via a coupling; the end of the transmission rod is connected to bevel gear B, which meshes with bevel gear A; the side of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to bevel gear C, which meshes with bevel gear A; the shaft end of the rotating rod and the rotating shaft on which bevel gear C is mounted are both equipped with meshing transmission gears; the collection basket is installed on the side of the enclosure frame facing the conveyor belt B's conveying direction.

[0011] Preferably, the interception module includes a rotating cylinder, side plates, a mounting shaft, interception mesh plates, and discharge outlets. The rotating cylinder is disposed below the collection mechanism, the side plates are connected to the bottom of the side support, and the mounting shaft, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder, is rotatably connected between two sets of side plates. Multiple sets of interception mesh plates arranged in a circular array are connected to the inner side of the rotating cylinder, and multiple sets of discharge outlets arranged in a circular array and penetrating through the rotating cylinder are integrally formed on the side wall of the rotating cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the interception module further includes a high-pressure blower, a mounting frame, pulleys, and a transmission belt. The high-pressure blower is connected to the side support via the mounting frame, and the high-pressure blower is located on the side of the enclosure frame, with its output end aligned with the discharge port for backflushing cleaning. The pulleys are installed at both the end of the mounting shaft and the end of the rotating rod, and the transmission belt is sleeved between the two sets of pulleys to achieve linkage between the collection mechanism and the interception module.

[0013] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support sleeve, support feet, insertion holes, and limiting pins. The end of both the side bracket and the enclosure frame is hinged to the support sleeve; the support sleeve is a hollow structure with an open bottom, and the support feet are movably fitted inside it; the outer walls of both the support sleeve and the support feet have multiple sets of through insertion holes along their axial direction, and the limiting pins are inserted into these insertion holes for adjusting the support height.

[0014] Preferably, the water pump unit includes a mounting base, a drainage unit, an inlet pipe, an inlet, a drain pipe, and a filter screen. The mounting base is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the support sleeve below the enclosure frame, near the bottom. The drainage unit is mounted on the mounting base, with its input end connected to the inlet pipe communicating with the interior, and the inlet at the end of the inlet pipe having an inlet. The output end of the drainage unit is connected to the drain pipe. The filter screen is detachably installed inside the inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the device further includes a flow guiding assembly, which includes a flow guiding plate, a threaded sleeve, a mounting base, and a limiting bolt. The flow guiding plate has two sets arranged symmetrically in a figure-eight shape and is movably mounted on the rotating rod located at the front end. The mounting base is provided on the side wall of the flow guiding plate, and the threaded sleeve is integrally formed on the mounting base. The threaded sleeve is internally threaded with the limiting bolt, which abuts against the rotating rod, for adjusting the flow guiding range.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Compared with existing technologies, the drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction of this invention completely changes the traditional method of passively intercepting garbage by static filters through the coordinated operation of a collection mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. This device actively scoops floating debris and solid garbage from the water surface using an inclined collection mechanism, and transfers them to a collection basket via a horizontally positioned conveying mechanism. This continuous integrated operation mode of scooping, conveying, and collecting effectively solves the problem of static filters being easily covered by floating debris, leading to inlet blockage, in existing technologies. Simultaneously, the transmission mechanism synchronously drives the collection and conveying components through a single power source, achieving automated garbage removal. This eliminates the need for frequent machine shutdowns for manual cleaning, significantly reducing labor intensity and safety risks, and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of drainage operations.

[0017] 2. This invention effectively solves the problem of wear and tear on water pump equipment caused by sand-laden water flow by setting up an interconnected interception module below the collection mechanism. The rotating drum in the interception module works in conjunction with the interception mesh to physically block fine sand before the water flows into the pump unit. More importantly, this module combines a high-pressure blower and a rotating mechanism. Utilizing the rotation of the drum and the back-blowing action of the high-pressure blower, it can continuously and automatically clean the interception mesh, preventing sand from accumulating and hardening at the mesh openings. This self-cleaning filtration mechanism not only significantly reduces the maintenance frequency of the filter components but also ensures that the water entering the pump is relatively clean, thereby effectively protecting the pump impeller and mechanical seal, and extending the service life of the equipment under harsh operating conditions.

[0018] 3. Furthermore, this invention also possesses excellent adaptability to construction environments. By setting up adjustable-height support components, the device can flexibly adjust its installation height according to the depth of the foundation pit or the terrain of the riverbank, ensuring that the equipment is always in the optimal operating position; in conjunction with the front-end V-shaped flow guiding components, the opening angle of the flow guiding plates can be adjusted according to the width of the water flow, effectively expanding the garbage collection range, preventing garbage from drifting away from both sides of the device, and further improving the drainage and purification efficiency at water conservancy and hydropower construction sites. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a perspective view A of the present invention; Figure 2 This is perspective view B of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view C of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of part A of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Collection mechanism; 11. Side support; 12. Fixing frame; 13. Rotating rod; 14. Sprocket A; 15. Conveyor belt A; 16. Side baffle; 2. Conveying mechanism; 21. Enclosure frame; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Transmission rod; 24. Conveyor belt B; 3. Transmission mechanism; 31. Gear motor; 32. Bevel gear A; 33. Bevel gear B; 34. Bevel gear C; 35. Transmission gear; 4. Collection basket; 5. Interception module; 51. Rotary drum; 52. Side plate; 53. Mounting shaft 54. Interception mesh plate; 55. Discharge outlet; 56. High-pressure blower; 57. Mounting bracket; 58. Pulley; 59. Drive belt; 6. Support assembly; 61. Support sleeve; 62. Support foot; 63. Insertion hole; 64. Limit pin; 7. Pump unit; 71. Mounting base; 72. Drainage unit; 73. Inlet pipe; 74. Inlet; 75. Drain pipe; 76. Filter screen; 8. Flow guide assembly; 81. Flow guide plate; 82. Threaded sleeve; 83. Mounting base; 84. Limit bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 This invention provides a drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction, the main structure of which includes a collection mechanism 1, a conveying mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism 3, a collection basket 4, an interception module 5, a support assembly 6, a pump unit 7, and a flow guiding assembly 8. The collection mechanism 1 is inclined and primarily used for the initial retrieval of floating debris from the surface of the construction water area. The collection mechanism 1 includes two sets of parallel and inclined side supports 11, with a reinforced fixing frame 12 fixedly connected between the two sets of side supports 11. A rotating rod 13 is rotatably connected between the upper and lower ends of the side supports 11. Two sets of sprockets A14 are coaxially mounted on the rotating rod 13, and a conveyor belt A15 with gripping teeth or friction texture is fitted onto the sprockets A14. To prevent debris from slipping off the sides during transport, side baffles 16 are installed on both sides of the fixing frame 12, closely attached to the edges of the conveyor belt A15.

[0023] Furthermore, at the top output position of the collection mechanism 1, a horizontal conveying mechanism 2 is provided. The conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 2 is perpendicular to the lifting direction of the collection mechanism 1, and it is used to transfer the lifted garbage laterally. The conveying mechanism 2 is fixed to the top of the side support 11 by a connecting plate 22, and mainly consists of a U-shaped enclosure frame 21, a transmission rod 23 rotatably installed inside the enclosure frame 21, and a conveyor belt B24 sleeved on the transmission rod 23. To ensure that the garbage can smoothly transition from the inclined conveyor belt A15 to the horizontal conveyor belt B24, an inclined downward guide plate 25 is provided at the junction of the two. The transmission mechanism 3, as the power core of the entire device, is cleverly arranged at the connection between the collection mechanism 1 and the conveying mechanism 2. Specifically, the geared motor 31 is installed below the enclosure frame 21, and its vertically upward output shaft is connected to the bevel gear A32 via a coupling. The bevel gear A32 meshes with gears in two directions simultaneously: on one hand, it meshes with the bevel gear B33 connected to the end of the transmission rod 23, driving the conveyor belt B24; on the other hand, it meshes with the bevel gear C34 on the side of the connecting plate 22. The rotating shaft of the bevel gear C34 transmits power to the rotating rod 13 of the collection mechanism 1 through a pair of meshing transmission gears 35, thereby driving the conveyor belt A15 to run synchronously. The collection basket 4 is suspended or placed at the end of the enclosure frame 21 to receive the garbage transported by the conveyor belt B24.

[0024] Furthermore, below the collection mechanism 1, an interception module 5 is installed to protect the subsequent water pump equipment. The core of the interception module 5 is an underwater rotating drum 51, which is rotatably connected to the side plates 52 at the bottom of the side support 11 via a mounting shaft 53. Multiple outlets 55 are formed on the circumferential surface of the rotating drum 51, and it is covered with an interception mesh plate 54 for filtering silt and debris. To prevent clogging of the mesh plate, the interception module 5 is also equipped with a self-cleaning system, including a high-pressure blower 56 mounted on the side support 11. The high-pressure blower 56 is fixed by a mounting bracket 57, and its outlet is aligned with the outlets 55 of the rotating drum 51, allowing it to blow air from the inside out. The interception module 5 is also powered by the collection mechanism 1. The end of the mounting shaft 53 is connected to the end of the upper rotating rod 13 via a pulley 58 and a drive belt 59, enabling synchronous rotation of the rotating drum 51 and the conveyor belt A15. In addition, the front end of the device is provided with a flow guiding component 8, including two sets of flow guiding plates 81 that open in a figure-eight shape. The flow guiding plates 81 are sleeved on the rotating rod 13 at the front end through the mounting base 83, and the opening angle is adjusted by the cooperation of the threaded sleeve 82 and the limiting bolt 84 to adapt to water flow of different widths and guide garbage into the collection area.

[0025] Secondly, the stability of the device is ensured by the support assembly 6, which includes a support sleeve 61 hinged to the side bracket 11 and the bottom of the enclosure frame 21. Support feet 62 are inserted into the support sleeve 61. Through the cooperation of the insertion hole 63 and the limiting pin 64, construction personnel can freely adjust the installation height of the device according to the water depth and terrain. The water pump unit 7 is installed on the support sleeve 61 below the enclosure frame 21, including a drainage unit 72 fixed to the mounting base 71. The inlet pipe 73 of the drainage unit 72 extends to the rear of the interception module 5. A fine filter screen 76 is provided at the inlet 74 at the end of the inlet pipe 73, ensuring that the pumped water undergoes preliminary filtration by the interception module 5 and secondary filtration by the inlet 74, and finally drains the accumulated water from the construction area through the drain pipe 75.

[0026] The working principle of the drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction is as follows: First, based on the water level at the construction site, the height of the support component 6 is adjusted so that the lower end of the collection mechanism 1 is immersed in the water, and the angle of the guide plate 81 is adjusted to expand the garbage collection range. The geared motor 31, drainage unit 72, and high-pressure blower 56 are started. The geared motor 31 drives the conveyor belts A15 and B24 simultaneously through the bevel gear set. The garbage floating on the water surface is guided by the guide plate 81 into the conveyor belt A15, lifted to the top, and then slides down the guide plate 25 to the conveyor belt B24. It is then transported laterally and falls into the collection basket 4, completing the automatic garbage cleaning. At the same time, the underwater rotating drum 51 rotates under the drive of the transmission belt 59. The water flows through the intercepting net plate 54 and enters the internal area of ​​the rotating drum 51. Large particles of silt are blocked by the intercepting net plate 54, and the high-pressure blower 56 continuously sprays air into the outlet 55 to blow off the impurities attached to the intercepting net plate 54, preventing blockage. The filtered clean water is drawn into the drainage unit 72 through the inlet pipe 73 and discharged, thus realizing continuous and efficient drainage operations in complex water quality environments.

Claims

1. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction, characterized in that, include: The collection mechanism (1) is set at an angle and is used to retrieve garbage and debris in the waterway; The conveying mechanism (2) is horizontally arranged and located at the output end of the collecting mechanism (1), and the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism (2) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the collecting mechanism (1). A collection basket (4) is provided at the output end of the conveying mechanism (2); A transmission mechanism (3) is disposed between the collection mechanism (1) and the conveying mechanism (2) for synchronously driving the collection mechanism (1) and the conveying mechanism (2); An interception module (5) is located below the collection mechanism (1) and is used to intercept and filter mud and sand in the waterway. The interception module (5) is connected and linked with the transmission mechanism (3). Support assembly (6) is installed at the bottom of the collecting mechanism (1) and the conveying mechanism (2); as well as The water pump unit (7) is located below the conveying mechanism (2) and behind the interception module (5).

2. The drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collecting mechanism (1) includes two sets of inclined parallel side supports (11), a fixed frame (12) connected between the two sets of side supports (11), a rotating rod (13) rotatably connected between the two sets of side supports (11) near both ends, two sets of sprockets A (14) installed on the rotating rod (13), a conveyor belt A (15) sleeved on the sprockets A (14), and a side baffle (16) installed on the two sets of fixed frames (12) and close to the side of the conveyor belt A (15).

3. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (2) includes a U-shaped enclosure frame (21) horizontally disposed at the top of the side support (11), a connecting plate (22) connected between the enclosure frame (21) and the end of the side support (11), two sets of transmission rods (23) rotatably installed on the inner side of the enclosure frame (21), and a conveyor belt B (24) sleeved on the transmission rods (23); a guide plate (25) inclined toward the conveyor belt B (24) is provided between the conveyor belt A (15) and the conveyor belt B (24).

4. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (3) includes a geared motor (31), bevel gear A (32), bevel gear B (33), bevel gear C (34), and transmission gear (35). The geared motor (31) is located below the enclosure frame (21), and its output shaft is vertically upward and connected to the bevel gear A (32) via a coupling. The end of the transmission rod (23) is connected to the bevel gear B (33) that meshes with the bevel gear A (32). The side of the connecting plate (22) is rotatably connected to the bevel gear C (34) that meshes with the bevel gear A (32). The shaft end of the rotating rod (13) and the rotating shaft on which the bevel gear C (34) is mounted are both equipped with meshing transmission gears (35). The collection basket (4) is installed on the side of the enclosure frame (21) facing the conveyor belt B (24) in the conveying direction.

5. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interception module (5) includes a rotating cylinder (51), a side plate (52), a mounting shaft (53), an interception mesh plate (54), and an outlet (55); The rotating drum (51) is located below the collecting mechanism (1), and the side plate (52) is connected to the bottom of the side bracket (11). The mounting shaft (53) is rotatably connected between the two sets of side plates (52) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating drum (51). The inner side of the rotating drum (51) is connected to a plurality of intercepting mesh plates (54) arranged in a ring array, and the side wall of the rotating drum (51) is integrally formed with a plurality of outlets (55) arranged in a ring array and extending through it.

6. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interception module (5) also includes a high-pressure blower (56), a mounting bracket (57), a pulley (58), and a drive belt (59). The high-pressure blower (56) is connected to the side bracket (11) via the mounting bracket (57), and the high-pressure blower (56) is located on the side of the enclosure frame (21), with its output end aligned with the outlet (55). The mounting shaft (53) and the rotating rod (13) are both equipped with pulleys (58), and the transmission belt (59) is sleeved between the two sets of pulleys (58).

7. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support assembly (6) includes a support sleeve (61), a support foot (62), a socket (63), and a limiting pin (64). The end of the side bracket (11) and the enclosure frame (21) are both hinged to the support sleeve (61). The support sleeve (61) is a hollow structure with an open bottom, and the support foot (62) is movably sleeved on its inner side. The outer walls of the support sleeve (61) and the support foot (62) are provided with multiple sets of through holes (63) along their axial direction, and the limiting pins (64) are inserted into the holes (63).

8. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pump unit (7) includes a mounting base (71), a drainage unit (72), an inlet pipe (73), an inlet (74), a drain pipe (75), and a filter screen (76). The mounting base (71) is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the support sleeve (61) below the enclosure frame (21) near the bottom. The drainage unit (72) is installed on the mounting base (71), and its input end is connected to the water inlet pipe (73) that communicates with the interior. The end of the water inlet pipe (73) is provided with a water inlet (74), and the output end of the drainage unit (72) is connected to the drainage pipe (75). The filter screen (76) is detachably installed inside the water inlet (74).

9. A drainage device for water conservancy and hydropower construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a flow guiding assembly (8), which includes a flow guiding plate (81), a threaded sleeve (82), a mounting base (83), and a limiting bolt (84). The guide plate (81) is provided in two sets and is symmetrically distributed in a figure-eight shape, and is movably installed on the rotating rod (13) located at the front end; The guide plate (81) has a mounting base (83) on its side wall. The mounting base (83) has an integrally formed threaded sleeve (82). The threaded sleeve (82) is internally threaded with a limiting bolt (84) that can abut against the rotating rod (13).

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