Start control valve, method for adjusting start control valve, and engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a starting control valve, an adjusting method of the starting control valve and an engine, and belongs to the technical field of engines. A rough adjusting assembly and a fine adjusting assembly are arranged in a containing cavity of a valve body, the rough adjusting assembly integrally adjusts loads generated by a valve element under the action of starting air pressure by changing the equivalent pressure bearing area of the valve element, and the fine adjusting assembly adjusts the loads generated by the valve element under the action of starting air pressure; therefore, the contact stress between the valve element and the cam is controlled under different air pressure conditions, the contact stress is kept within an allowable range, excessive abrasion of the cam or the valve element due to the fact that the contact stress is too large is avoided, and the running reliability of an engine is improved. The fine adjustment assembly conducts fine adjustment on the stress of the valve element by adjusting the pre-tightening parameter, and the contact stress is further optimized while it is guaranteed that the valve element can still overcome the acting force of the elastic piece to achieve normal action under the low starting air pressure. Through the arrangement, the starting control valve can adapt to different starting air pressure working conditions, so that the environmental adaptability is improved, and the maintenance and design cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a starter control valve, a method for adjusting the starter control valve, and an engine. Background Technology

[0002] Air distributor starting is an important starting method for diesel engines. The starting control valve is a crucial component in the air distributor starting system, working in conjunction with the cam to distribute compressed air and control the sequential starting of each cylinder. Its proper functioning significantly impacts the starting performance of the diesel engine. Starting air compression, as an external parameter, varies significantly depending on the diesel engine's operating environment and starting performance requirements. Therefore, the functionality and safety of the starting control valve also change under different operating conditions, leading to reduced safety and compromising the long-term reliable operation of the diesel engine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a start control valve, a method for adjusting the start control valve, and an engine, to at least partially solve the technical problem of low safety of the start control valve under different operating environments.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a starting control valve is provided, comprising: The valve body has a receiving cavity; The valve core is located within the receiving cavity; The coarse adjustment component is located within the receiving cavity and is positioned on the side of the valve core away from the cam. It is used to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core. The fine-tuning component, located within the receiving cavity, works in conjunction with the coarse-tuning component to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the preload parameters.

[0005] In some embodiments, the coarse adjustment assembly includes a valve stem and a valve ring, the valve ring being sleeved on the valve stem and the valve stem being connected to the valve core.

[0006] In some embodiments, the coarse adjustment component is used to adjust the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core by matching the outer diameters of the valve stem and valve ring.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coarse adjustment assembly further includes a first seal disposed between the valve ring and the valve stem, and connected to the valve ring and the valve stem respectively.

[0008] In some embodiments, the fine-tuning assembly includes an elastic element and an adjusting element. The adjusting element is adjustablely sleeved on the valve core, and the elastic element is sleeved on the valve core. Along the axial direction of the valve core, one end of the elastic element abuts against the adjusting element, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the valve body. The adjusting element is used to adjust the preload of the elastic element.

[0009] In some embodiments, the valve body includes: The main body has an inlet and an outlet, which are respectively connected to the receiving cavity. The inlet and outlet are spaced apart axially from the valve core. The stepped portion is located on the inner wall of the main body and has multiple notches, each notch being positioned opposite the inlet and outlet respectively. The elastic element abuts against the side of the stepped portion near the adjusting element, and the valve core is used to move axially relative to the stepped portion to control the connection or disconnection between the inlet and outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the valve body further includes a body portion, a valve cover, and a valve cap, with a valve ring sandwiched between the valve cover and the valve cap, and the valve cover being connected to the body portion and the valve cap respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the start control valve further includes: The second seal is arranged around the valve ring and is connected to the valve cover and valve cap respectively; The third seal is located between the valve cover and the body, and is connected to both the valve cover and the body.

[0012] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for adjusting a starting control valve is provided, comprising the following steps: Based on the maximum and minimum air pressure of the environment in which the starting control valve is used, the maximum contact stress under the maximum air pressure and the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure are determined. The equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core is controlled based on the maximum contact stress, and the contact stress between the valve core and the cam is adjusted. The preload parameter is controlled based on the minimum concentrated load, and the contact stress between the valve core and the cam is adjusted.

[0013] In some embodiments, identifying the maximum contact stress at the maximum air pressure includes: Determine the maximum concentrated load on the valve core based on the maximum air pressure, valve core outer diameter, and valve stem outer diameter; The maximum contact stress is determined based on the maximum concentrated load, the radius of curvature at the contact point between the cam and the valve core, the material elastic parameters, and the state constant.

[0014] In some embodiments, identifying the minimum concentrated load at the minimum air pressure includes: The minimum concentrated load is determined based on the minimum air pressure, valve core outer diameter, valve stem outer diameter, stiffness of the elastic element, preload, and valve core stroke.

[0015] In some embodiments, adjusting the contact stress between the valve core and the cam based on the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core controlled by the maximum contact stress includes: When the maximum contact stress exceeds the allowable contact stress, the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core is changed by adjusting the outer diameter of the valve stem, and the maximum contact stress is re-determined until the maximum contact stress is less than or equal to the allowable contact stress.

[0016] In some embodiments, adjusting the contact stress between the valve core and the cam based on the minimum concentrated load control preload parameter includes: When the minimum concentrated load is less than zero, adjust the preload of the elastic element to change the elastic force acting on the valve core, and redetermine the minimum concentrated load until the minimum concentrated load is greater than or equal to zero.

[0017] According to a third aspect of this application, an engine is also provided, including the aforementioned start control valve.

[0018] In the starting control valve of this application embodiment, a coarse adjustment component and a fine adjustment component are provided in the receiving cavity of the valve body to achieve graded adjustment of the force state of the valve core. The coarse adjustment component adjusts the load generated by the valve core under starting air pressure by changing the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core, thereby controlling the contact stress between the valve core and the cam under different air pressure conditions and keeping it within an allowable range. This prevents excessive wear of the cam or valve core due to excessive contact stress, improving the reliability of engine operation. Simultaneously, the fine adjustment component finely adjusts the force on the valve core by adjusting the preload parameter. This ensures that the valve core can overcome the elastic force and achieve normal operation even at lower starting air pressures, while further optimizing the contact stress. By combining coarse and fine adjustment, the starting control valve can adapt to different starting air pressure conditions, avoiding the need to redesign the overall structure of the starting control valve due to changes in operating conditions. This improves the environmental adaptability of the starting control valve and reduces maintenance and design costs.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the starting control valve provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the starting control valve provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 AA section view; Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of the adjustment method for the start control valve provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting a start-up control valve provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Valve body; 2. Valve core; 3. Coarse adjustment assembly; 4. Fine adjustment assembly; 5. Cam; 6. Second seal; 7. Third seal; 10. Receiving cavity; 11. Body section; 12. Step section; 13. Valve cover; 14. Valve cap; 30. Valve stem; 31. Valve ring; 32. First seal; 40. Elastic element; 41. Adjusting element; 110. Inlet; 111. Outlet; 112. Drain port; 120. Notch section. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0025] In related technologies, the air distributor starting method is an important starting method for diesel engines. Among them, the starting control valve is a crucial component of the air distributor starting system. It works in conjunction with the cam to distribute compressed air and control the sequential starting of each cylinder. Its proper functioning has a significant impact on the starting performance of the diesel engine.

[0026] The starting control valve has three air channels. The starting air outlet is connected to the starting valve and controls the opening and closing of the starting valve, thereby controlling the flow of compressed air. The starting air inlet is connected to the air source, and the exhaust port is connected to the atmosphere. Its operating principle is that the starting air pushes the valve core downward and makes the valve core contact with the starting cam. As the cam rotates, the starting valve core completes the up and down movement and realizes the opening and closing function of the starting air outlet.

[0027] The starting air compression of a diesel engine, as an external parameter, varies significantly depending on the application scenario and starting performance requirements of the diesel engine. Therefore, the functionality and safety of the starting control valve will also change under different operating environments, with the main impacts as follows: When the starting air pressure is too high, the contact stress between the starting control valve and the cam will be too high, exceeding the allowable value, thereby reducing the safety of the cam and the starting control valve, making it impossible to guarantee the long-term reliable operation of the diesel engine.

[0028] When the starting air pressure is too low, the starting control valve will be unable to resist the preload of the elastic element, resulting in insufficient downward power and preventing the starting control valve from performing its opening and closing function.

[0029] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a starting control valve to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0030] This application provides a starting control valve including a valve body, a valve core, a coarse adjustment assembly, and a fine adjustment assembly: the valve body has a receiving cavity; the valve core is located within the receiving cavity; the coarse adjustment assembly is located within the receiving cavity and is disposed on the side of the valve core away from the cam, used to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the equivalent pressure bearing area of ​​the valve core; the fine adjustment assembly is located within the receiving cavity and cooperates with the coarse adjustment assembly, used to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the preload parameter.

[0031] In this embodiment, by incorporating coarse and fine adjustment components within the valve body's accommodating cavity, graded adjustment of the valve core's stress state is achieved. The coarse adjustment component modifies the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core, thus adjusting the load generated by the valve core under starting air pressure. This controls the contact stress between the valve core and the cam under different air pressure conditions, keeping it within acceptable limits and preventing excessive wear of the cam or valve core due to excessive contact stress, thereby improving engine reliability. Simultaneously, the fine adjustment component finely adjusts the valve core's stress by regulating the preload parameter. This ensures the valve core can overcome the elastic force and operate normally even at lower starting air pressures while further optimizing the contact stress. This combination of coarse and fine adjustment allows the starting control valve to adapt to different starting air pressure conditions, avoiding the need to redesign the entire structure of the starting control valve due to changes in operating conditions. This improves the environmental adaptability of the starting control valve and reduces maintenance and design costs.

[0032] The starting control valve, the method for adjusting the starting control valve, and the engine of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2This application provides a starting control valve, including a valve body 1, a valve core 2, a coarse adjustment assembly 3, and a fine adjustment assembly 4. The valve body 1 has a receiving cavity 10, which is used to install components such as the valve core 2, the coarse adjustment assembly 3, and the fine adjustment assembly 4, and provides installation space and guiding support for each component. The valve core 2 is located within the receiving cavity 10 and can move axially within the receiving cavity 10. One side of the valve core 2 cooperates with an external cam 5 structure. When the cam 5 rotates, it pushes the valve core 2 to move axially through contact with the valve core 2, thereby opening or closing the gas passage inside the valve body 1.

[0034] The coarse adjustment component 3 is located within the receiving cavity 10. It is positioned on the side of the valve core 2 furthest from the cam 5 and is used to adjust the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 by controlling the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2. Specifically, by changing the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2 under pressure, the load generated by the gas pressure on the valve core 2 is adjusted overall. Specifically, when starting air pressure acts on the valve core 2, the force on the valve core 2 is related to its equivalent pressure-bearing area. By adjusting the equivalent pressure-bearing area through the coarse adjustment component 3, the concentrated load generated by the valve core 2 under gas pressure can be changed, thereby initially adjusting the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 to meet design requirements within a relatively large range.

[0035] The fine-tuning component 4 is located within the receiving cavity 10 and works in conjunction with the coarse-tuning component 3 to adjust the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 by controlling the preload parameter. By adjusting the preload parameter, the magnitude of the elastic force acting on the valve core 2 can be adjusted, thereby further regulating the stress state of the valve core 2 under different operating conditions. In this way, based on the overall load range adjustment completed by the coarse-tuning component 3, more precise control can be achieved over the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5.

[0036] This configuration, by incorporating a coarse adjustment component 3 and a fine adjustment component 4 within the receiving cavity 10 of the valve body 1, enables graded adjustment of the force state of the valve core 2. The coarse adjustment component 3, by altering the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2, comprehensively adjusts the load generated by the valve core 2 under starting air pressure. This controls the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 under different air pressure conditions, keeping it within an acceptable range and preventing excessive wear of the cam 5 or valve core 2 due to excessive contact stress, thus improving engine reliability. Simultaneously, the fine adjustment component 4 finely adjusts the force on the valve core 2 by regulating the preload parameter. While ensuring the valve core 2 can overcome the force of the elastic element 40 and achieve normal operation even at lower starting air pressures, it further optimizes the contact stress. This combination of coarse and fine adjustment allows the starting control valve to adapt to different starting air pressure conditions, avoiding the need to redesign the overall structure of the starting control valve due to changes in operating conditions. This improves the environmental adaptability of the starting control valve and reduces maintenance and design costs.

[0037] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The coarse adjustment assembly 3 includes a valve stem 30 and a valve ring 31. The valve ring 31 is sleeved on the valve stem 30, and the valve stem 30 is connected to the valve core 2. The valve stem 30 is located on one side of the axial direction of the valve core 2 and forms a fixed connection with the valve core 2, so that the valve core 2 can drive the valve stem 30 to move synchronously when it is subjected to gas pressure or driven by the cam 5. The valve ring 31 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve stem 30 and forms a pressure-bearing interface with the structure of the valve body 1. When the starting air enters the receiving cavity 10 of the valve body 1 through the inlet 110, the gas pressure acts on the valve core 2 and its connected valve stem 30 and valve ring 31 structure, thereby forming an axial force on the valve core 2 and pushing the valve core 2 to move in the direction of the cam 5. When the valve core 2 moves to contact the cam 5, the valve core 2 undergoes periodic axial movement as the cam 5 rotates, thereby opening or closing the starting air outlet 111 channel. The valve stem 30, valve ring 31 and valve core 2 are matched to form a structure that allows the pressure area of ​​valve core 2 to be adjusted through structural configuration, providing a basis for subsequent force adjustment.

[0038] In some embodiments, the coarse adjustment component 3 is used to adjust the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2 by matching the outer diameters of the valve stem 30 and the valve ring 31. Specifically, the gas load on the valve core 2 under starting air pressure is related to its pressure-bearing area. When the outer diameter of the valve stem 30 changes, the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2 under pressure changes accordingly, thereby changing the concentrated load on the valve core 2. Therefore, the stress state of the valve core 2 can be changed by replacing the valve stem 30 with a different outer diameter or the matching valve ring 31. With this configuration, the maximum concentrated load borne by the valve core 2 can be adjusted under different maximum air pressure conditions, thereby controlling the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 so that it does not exceed the allowable contact stress range of the material. The coarse adjustment component 3 can achieve overall adjustment of the contact stress over a large range, thereby ensuring that the valve core 2 and the cam 5 do not generate excessive contact stress under high pressure conditions, improving the safety and durability of the starting control valve.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The coarse adjustment assembly 3 also includes a first seal 32, which is disposed between the valve ring 31 and the valve stem 30 and connected to both the valve ring 31 and the valve stem 30. The first seal 32 seals the gap between the valve stem 30 and the valve ring 31, thereby preventing starting air from leaking along this gap. This ensures that the gas pressure acts stably within the receiving cavity 10, preventing stress changes due to leakage and improving the accuracy and reliability of the coarse adjustment assembly 3 when adjusting the equivalent pressure-bearing area. Furthermore, the first seal 32 also prevents external impurities from entering the structure, improving the durability and reliability of the starting control valve.

[0040] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The fine-tuning component 4 includes an elastic element 40 and an adjusting element 41. The adjusting element 41 is adjustablely fitted onto the valve core 2. The adjusting element 41 can be an adjusting nut or a similar structure. The adjusting element 41 is connected to the valve core 2 via threads or other adjustable structures, allowing the adjusting element 41 to move axially along the valve core 2. The elastic element 40 is fitted onto the valve core 2. Along the axial direction of the valve core 2, one end of the elastic element 40 abuts against the adjusting element 41, and the other end abuts against the valve body 1. The adjusting element 41 is used to adjust the preload of the elastic element 40. When the position of the adjusting element 41 changes, the compression of the elastic element 40 changes accordingly, thereby changing the preload force applied by the elastic element 40 to the valve core 2. This preload force acts on the valve core 2 together with the gas pressure during the movement of the valve core 2. Therefore, by changing the preload of the elastic element 40, the force state of the valve core 2 can be finely adjusted. Under low air pressure conditions, by appropriately reducing the preload of the elastic element 40, the valve core 2 can overcome the resistance of the elastic element 40 and move downward smoothly under gas pressure, thereby contacting the cam 5 and completing the opening and closing action, ensuring the normal operation of the starting air distribution function. Therefore, by adjusting the preload of the elastic element 40, the force on the valve core 2 can be precisely controlled, allowing the starting control valve to maintain good functionality under low pressure conditions.

[0041] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3The valve body 1 includes a body portion 11 and a stepped portion 12. The body portion 11 has an inlet 110 and an outlet 111, which are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 10. The inlet 110 and the outlet 111 are spaced apart in the axial direction of the valve core 2. Specifically, the inlet 110 is connected to an external air source to provide compressed air to the start control valve; the outlet 111 is connected to the start valve to control the entry of compressed air into the engine cylinder starting system. The body portion 11 also has an exhaust port 112, which is connected to the atmosphere. The inlet 110, outlet 111, and exhaust port 112 are spaced apart in the axial direction of the valve core 2, so that the valve core 2 can change the communication state of the gas passage when it moves axially. A stepped portion 12 is disposed on the inner wall of the body portion 11. The stepped portion 12 has multiple notches 120, each notch 120 being disposed opposite to the inlet 110 and the outlet 111, respectively. The elastic member 40 abuts against the side of the stepped portion 12 near the adjusting member 41. The valve core 2 is used to move axially relative to the stepped portion 12 to control the connection or disconnection between the inlet 110 and the outlet 111. With this arrangement, on the one hand, the stepped portion 12 provides a supporting position for the elastic member 40, allowing the elastic member 40 to abut against the stepped portion 12 stably; on the other hand, the stepped portion 12 is disposed on the inner wall of the body portion 11 and has multiple notches 120 disposed therearound, each notch 120 being disposed opposite to the inlet 110, the outlet 111, and the vent 112, thereby forming a gas passage when the valve core 2 moves to the corresponding position. When the valve core 2 moves axially, the relative position between the valve core 2 and the step portion 12 changes, thereby opening or closing the passage between the inlet 110, the outlet 111 and the vent 112 to control the flow of starting air.

[0042] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The valve body 1 also includes a body portion 11, a valve cover 13, and a valve cap 14. A valve ring 31 is sandwiched between the valve cover 13 and the valve cap 14. The valve cover 13 is connected to both the body portion 11 and the valve cap 14. The valve ring 31 can be axially positioned by clamping it between the valve cover 13 and the valve cap 14.

[0043] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The starting control valve also includes a second seal 6, which surrounds the valve ring 31 and is connected to the valve cover 13 and valve cap 14 respectively. The second seal 6 surrounds the outer periphery of the valve ring 31 and is connected to the valve cover 13 and valve cap 14 respectively, and is used to seal the connection area between the valve ring 31 and the valve cover 13 and valve cap 14, thereby preventing gas leakage along the gap between the valve ring 31 and the valve cover 13 and valve cap 14.

[0044] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3The start control valve also includes a third seal 7, which is disposed between the valve cover 13 and the body 11, and is connected to both the valve cover 13 and the body 11. The third seal 7 is used to seal the connection area between the valve cover 13 and the body 11, thereby preventing gas leakage along the gap between the valve cover 13 and the body 11.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 This application provides a method for adjusting a start-up control valve, comprising the following steps: Step S100: Based on the maximum and minimum air pressure of the operating environment of the starting control valve, confirm the maximum contact stress under the maximum air pressure and the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure.

[0046] Step S200: Based on the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the control valve core 2 according to the maximum contact stress, adjust the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5.

[0047] Step S300: Adjust the contact stress between valve core 2 and cam 5 based on the minimum concentrated load control preload parameter.

[0048] In some embodiments, by calculating the maximum contact stress under the maximum air pressure, it can be determined whether the contact between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 exceeds the allowable range of the material; by calculating the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure, it can be determined whether the valve core 2 can overcome the preload of the elastic element 40 and maintain contact with the cam 5. These two criteria ensure the reliable operation of the control valve while guaranteeing structural safety. By providing a coarse adjustment component 3 and a fine adjustment component 4 within the receiving cavity 10 of the valve body 1, the force state of the valve core 2 can be adjusted in stages. The coarse adjustment component 3 adjusts the load generated by the valve core 2 under the starting air pressure by changing the equivalent bearing area of ​​the valve core 2, thereby controlling the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 under different air pressure conditions, keeping it within the allowable range, avoiding excessive wear of the cam 5 or the valve core 2 due to excessive contact stress, and improving the reliability of engine operation. Simultaneously, the fine adjustment component 4 finely adjusts the force on the valve core 2 by adjusting the preload parameter, ensuring that the valve core 2 can still overcome the force of the elastic element 40 and achieve normal operation under lower starting air pressure, while further optimizing the contact stress. By combining coarse and fine adjustments, the starting control valve can adapt to different starting air pressure conditions, avoiding the need to redesign the overall structure of the starting control valve due to changes in operating conditions. This improves the environmental adaptability of the starting control valve and reduces maintenance and design costs.

[0049] In some embodiments, confirming the maximum contact stress under the maximum air pressure in step S100 includes: Step S101: Based on the maximum air pressure, the outer diameter of valve core 2 and the outer diameter of valve stem 30, determine the maximum concentrated load on valve core 2.

[0050] Step S102: Determine the maximum contact stress based on the maximum concentrated load, the radius of curvature at the contact point between the cam 5 and the valve core 2, the material elastic parameters, and the state constant.

[0051] In some embodiments, the formula for calculating the maximum concentrated load on the valve core 2 is: ; The formula for calculating spring force is: ; The formula for calculating the maximum contact stress between the control valve and cam 5 is: ; Where, σ max Let F be the maximum contact stress, α be the state constant, and F be the maximum contact stress. max For the maximum concentrated load, E is the material elasticity model, R is the sphere radius, and P is the maximum concentrated load. max To achieve the maximum starting air pressure, φ1 is the diameter of valve core 2, φ2 is the diameter of valve stem 30, and F k1 Let be the preload force of elastic element 40, k be the stiffness of elastic element 40, L be the initial height of elastic element 40, and H be the preload height of elastic element 40.

[0052] Understandably, this calculation process is based on contact mechanics models, such as the contact stress formula for spherical-to-spherical or spherical-to-plane contact, to obtain the maximum contact stress at the contact point between valve core 2 and cam 5. Specifically, the maximum contact stress when spherical-to-spherical contact occurs is: ; Where R1 and R2 are the radii of the sphere, and P is the maximum concentrated load F. max .

[0053] The maximum contact stress when a sphere is in contact with a plane is: ; Where R is the radius of the sphere, and P is the maximum concentrated load F. max .

[0054] In some embodiments, confirming the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure in step S100 includes: The minimum concentrated load is determined based on the minimum air pressure, the outer diameter of valve core 2, the outer diameter of valve stem 30, the stiffness of elastic element 40, the preload, and the stroke of valve core 2.

[0055] In some embodiments, the formula for calculating the minimum concentrated load on the valve core 2 is:

[0056] The formula for calculating spring force is:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, F min For the minimum concentrated load, P min To achieve the minimum starting air pressure, F k1 For the elastic element, the preload is 40, F k2 φ1 is the compressive force of the elastic element 40, φ2 is the diameter of the valve core 2, φ2 is the diameter of the valve stem 30, k is the stiffness of the elastic element 40, L is the initial height of the elastic element 40, H is the preload height of the elastic element 40, and l is the stroke of the valve core 2.

[0059] In some embodiments, step S200, which controls the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2 based on the maximum contact stress and adjusts the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5, includes: Step S201: When the maximum contact stress is greater than the allowable contact stress, the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2 is changed by adjusting the outer diameter of the valve stem 30, and the maximum contact stress is re-determined until the maximum contact stress is less than or equal to the allowable contact stress.

[0060] In some embodiments, by gradually adjusting the dimensions of the valve stem 30, the calculated maximum contact stress can be gradually reduced until it is less than or equal to the allowable contact stress of the material. This method effectively controls the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 under high-pressure conditions, thereby preventing excessive structural wear or failure.

[0061] In some embodiments, step S300, which controls the preload parameter based on the minimum concentrated load and adjusts the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5, includes: Step S301: When the minimum concentrated load is less than zero, adjust the preload of the elastic element 40 to change the elastic force acting on the valve core 2, and redetermine the minimum concentrated load until the minimum concentrated load is greater than or equal to zero.

[0062] In some embodiments, the warning compression height H of the elastic element 40 is initially determined, and the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure is calculated until the minimum concentrated load is greater than or equal to zero, thus determining the final warning compression height H of the elastic element 40. Through this adjustment process, it can be ensured that the valve core 2 can still maintain contact with the cam 5 and complete the opening and closing action under the minimum air pressure condition, thereby ensuring the reliable realization of the function of the starting control valve.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 This application provides an exemplary method for adjusting a start-up control valve: The adjustment method of the starting control valve in this application embodiment is used to determine the key structural parameters of the starting control valve under different operating environments, so that the starting control valve can reliably realize the starting function under different starting air pressure conditions, and can also ensure that the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 is within the allowable range.

[0064] First, determine the operating environment of the starter control valve. Specifically, based on the actual engine usage scenario or system design requirements, determine the possible air pressure range during starter control valve operation, and obtain the maximum and minimum starter air pressures. Then, use the maximum and minimum air pressures as input parameters for subsequent structural parameter calculations.

[0065] After obtaining the air pressure range, the outer diameter of the valve stem 30 in the coarse adjustment assembly 3 is initially determined. The selection of the outer diameter of the valve stem 30 directly affects the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core 2, thereby affecting the concentrated load on the valve core 2 under air pressure. After determining the outer diameter of the valve stem 30, the maximum concentrated load on the valve core 2 under the maximum air pressure condition is determined based on the maximum air pressure, the outer diameter of the valve core 2, and the outer diameter of the valve stem 30. Furthermore, by combining the radius of curvature, material elastic parameters, and state constants at the contact point between the cam 5 and the valve core 2, the maximum contact stress σ between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 is determined. max .

[0066] Subsequently, the calculated maximum contact stress σ max Compare with the material's allowable contact stress σ0. When σ max When the contact stress exceeds the allowable contact stress σ0, it indicates that the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 is too high, which may lead to excessive wear or even failure of the cam 5 or the valve core 2. In this case, it is necessary to readjust the outer diameter of the valve stem 30 to change the equivalent bearing area of ​​the valve core 2, and recalculate the contact stress until the maximum contact stress σ0 is reached. max The stress is less than or equal to the allowable contact stress σ0. When this condition is met, it indicates that the contact stress between the valve core 2 and the cam 5 under maximum air pressure conditions is within a safe range.

[0067] After completing the contact stress verification under high-pressure conditions, the low-pressure conditions were further verified. Specifically, the preload parameters of the elastic element 40 in the fine-tuning assembly 4 were initially determined, including the preload compression height H and the initial height L of the elastic element 40. Subsequently, based on parameters such as minimum air pressure, valve core 2 outer diameter, valve stem 30 outer diameter, stiffness of the elastic element 40, preload amount, and valve core 2 stroke, the minimum concentrated load F experienced by the valve core 2 under minimum air pressure conditions was determined. min .

[0068] Next, the calculated minimum concentrated load F minMake a judgment. When F min When the pressure is less than zero, it indicates that under the minimum air pressure conditions, the gas pressure is insufficient to overcome the preload of the elastic element 40. The valve core 2 may not be able to move downwards and maintain contact with the cam 5, thus preventing the start-up control valve from completing its opening and closing actions correctly. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the preload of the elastic element 40 by adjusting the adjusting element 41 in the fine-tuning assembly 4, thereby changing the elastic force acting on the valve core 2, and recalculating the minimum concentrated load F. min until F min The value must be greater than or equal to zero. When this condition is met, it means that even under minimum air pressure conditions, valve core 2 can still overcome the resistance of elastic element 40 and achieve normal operation under gas pressure.

[0069] After both of the above conditions are met, i.e., the maximum contact stress σ max Less than or equal to the allowable contact stress σ0 and the minimum concentrated load F min When the value is greater than or equal to zero, the structural matching scheme of the starting control valve under the operating environment can be determined. Subsequently, the adjusting member 41 in the fine adjustment assembly 4 is adjusted according to the determined pre-tightening compression height of the elastic member 40, and the valve stem 30 of the corresponding size and the valve ring 31 that matches it are selected according to the determined outer diameter of the valve stem 30 to complete the configuration of the coarse adjustment assembly 3, thereby completing the overall assembly of the starting control valve.

[0070] Through the above adjustment process, the outer diameter of the valve stem 30 and the preload parameters of the elastic element 40 can be reasonably determined under different starting air pressure environments, so that the valve core 2 will not generate excessive contact stress under high pressure conditions, while still being able to operate reliably under low pressure conditions. This achieves the adaptive adjustment of the starting control valve to different operating environments, and improves the reliability and safety of the starting control valve operation.

[0071] This application also provides an engine including the above-described start control valve. Therefore, the engine has all the beneficial effects of the above-described start control valve, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0074] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0075] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A starting control valve, characterized in that, include: The valve body has a receiving cavity; The valve core is located within the receiving cavity; A coarse adjustment component is located within the receiving cavity. The coarse adjustment component is disposed on the side of the valve core away from the cam and is used to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core. A fine-tuning component, located within the receiving cavity, cooperates with the coarse-tuning component to adjust the contact stress between the valve core and the cam by controlling the preload parameter.

2. The starting control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse adjustment assembly includes a valve stem and a valve ring, the valve ring being sleeved on the valve stem, and the valve stem being connected to the valve core.

3. The starting control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coarse adjustment component is used to adjust the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core by matching the outer diameters of the valve stem and the valve ring.

4. The starting control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coarse adjustment assembly also includes a first seal, which is disposed between the valve ring and the valve stem and connected to both the valve ring and the valve stem.

5. The starting control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine-tuning assembly includes an elastic element and an adjusting element. The adjusting element is adjustablely sleeved on the valve core, and the elastic element is sleeved on the valve core. Along the axial direction of the valve core, one end of the elastic element abuts against the adjusting element, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the valve body. The adjusting element is used to adjust the preload of the elastic element.

6. The starting control valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve body includes: The body portion has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet respectively communicating with the receiving cavity, and the inlet and the outlet are spaced apart in the axial direction of the valve core; The step portion is disposed on the inner wall of the body portion and has multiple notches, each notch being disposed opposite to the inlet and the outlet respectively; the elastic member abuts against the side of the step portion near the adjusting member, and the valve core is used to move relative to the step portion along the axial direction of the valve core to control the connection or disconnection between the inlet and the outlet.

7. The starting control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve body also includes a body portion, a valve cover, and a valve cap, with the valve ring sandwiched between the valve cover and the valve cap, and the valve cover being connected to the body portion and the valve cap respectively.

8. The starting control valve according to claim 7, characterized in that, The starting control valve also includes: A second sealing element is disposed around the valve ring and is connected to the valve cover and the valve cap respectively; A third sealing element is disposed between the valve cover and the body portion, and is connected to both the valve cover and the body portion respectively.

9. A method for adjusting a starting control valve, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the maximum and minimum air pressure of the operating environment of the starting control valve, the maximum contact stress under the maximum air pressure and the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure are determined. Based on the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core controlled by the maximum contact stress, the contact stress between the valve core and the cam is adjusted. Based on the minimum concentrated load control preload parameter, the contact stress between the valve core and the cam is adjusted.

10. The method for adjusting the starting control valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The confirmed maximum contact stress under maximum air pressure includes: Based on the maximum air pressure, the outer diameter of the valve core, and the outer diameter of the valve stem, determine the maximum concentrated load on the valve core; The maximum contact stress is determined based on the maximum concentrated load, the radius of curvature at the contact point between the cam and the valve core, the material elastic parameters, and the state constant.

11. The method for adjusting the starting control valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The confirmation of the minimum concentrated load under the minimum air pressure includes: The minimum concentrated load is determined based on the minimum air pressure, the outer diameter of the valve core, the outer diameter of the valve stem, the stiffness of the elastic element, the preload, and the valve core stroke.

12. The method for adjusting the starting control valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of controlling the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core based on the maximum contact stress, and adjusting the contact stress between the valve core and the cam, includes: When the maximum contact stress is greater than the allowable contact stress, the equivalent pressure-bearing area of ​​the valve core is changed by adjusting the outer diameter of the valve stem, and the maximum contact stress is re-determined until the maximum contact stress is less than or equal to the allowable contact stress.

13. The method for adjusting the starting control valve according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of adjusting the contact stress between the valve core and the cam based on the minimum concentrated load control preload parameter includes: When the minimum concentrated load is less than zero, the preload of the elastic element is adjusted to change the elastic force acting on the valve core, and the minimum concentrated load is re-determined until the minimum concentrated load is greater than or equal to zero.

14. An engine, characterized in that, Includes the starting control valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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