Wind and rain wave multi-source coupling energy collection friction nanometer power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind and rain wave multi-source coupling energy collection friction nanometer power generation device which comprises an upper energy capturing structure, a lower energy conversion structure and a water level adjusting assembly. The upper energy capture structure comprises a chiral torsional blade and a hollow rotating shaft, a rainwater guide path is formed on the surface of the chiral torsional blade, the chiral torsional blade is connected with the hollow rotating shaft, and a rainwater guide channel is formed in the hollow rotating shaft; the lower energy conversion structure comprises a shell, the interior of the shell is divided into a rotary friction power generation cavity and a liquid friction power generation cavity in the axial direction, and the liquid friction power generation cavity communicates with the rainwater drainage channel; a water level adjusting assembly is arranged at the end, away from the upper energy capturing structure, of the rainwater drainage channel. Through the design of the upper energy capture structure and the lower energy conversion structure, synchronous response and collaborative energy conversion under three natural excitation conditions are realized; the blades have the functions of wind energy driving rotation and rainwater diversion, and are coupled with the liquid friction power generation cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to power generation devices, specifically a triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind, rain, and waves. Background Technology

[0002] The marine environment contains a variety of usable environmental energy sources, such as wind energy, rainfall, and waves. These environmental stimuli often coexist in the marine environment and have a certain degree of synchronicity in time and space.

[0003] Existing environmental energy harvesting devices mostly employ electromagnetic generators (EMGs) as energy conversion units, generating electricity through mechanical transmission methods such as impeller rotation, water flow drive, or floating structure movement. However, these devices typically rely on mechanical transmission structures, resulting in complex overall structures, large device sizes, and high manufacturing and maintenance costs. Furthermore, they require high structural reliability, sealing, and corrosion resistance under long-term operation conditions in marine environments. For example, patent CN120845252A proposes a multi-energy power generation platform, whose energy conversion still primarily relies on electromagnetic generators and mechanical transmission structures, making the overall structure relatively complex. Patent CN206681911U utilizes wind and rainwater energy by switching between different operating modes, requiring switching between different power generation modes and making it difficult to simultaneously and collaboratively harvest multiple environmental energy sources.

[0004] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as a novel energy harvesting technology based on contact electrification and electrostatic induction to achieve mechanical energy conversion, have a relatively simple structure compared to traditional electromagnetic power generation methods. They can achieve energy conversion under relatively small mechanical excitation conditions, thus showing certain application potential in the field of environmental energy harvesting. However, most TENG-related research focuses on single energy harvesting, using multiple devices stacked to achieve multi-source energy harvesting. This results in low device integration and severe interference between different parts.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies still lack an environmental energy harvesting device with a relatively simple structure that can simultaneously adapt to the combined effects of wind, rainfall, and waves, and achieve synchronous and coordinated harvesting of multi-source environmental energy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator that harvests energy from multiple sources of wind and rain waves, which is easy to install, requires no complex mechanical transmission, and is low in cost.

[0007] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses a multi-source coupled energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator for wind, rain, and waves, comprising an upper energy harvesting structure, a lower energy conversion structure, and a water level regulating component. The upper energy harvesting structure includes chiral torsional blades and a hollow shaft. The torsional structure on the surface of the chiral torsional blades guides rainwater to flow along the blade surface. The chiral torsional blades are connected to the hollow shaft, and a rainwater drainage channel is formed inside the hollow shaft. The lower energy conversion structure includes a shell, the interior of which is divided axially into a rotary triboelectric power generation chamber and a liquid triboelectric power generation chamber. The liquid triboelectric power generation chamber is connected to the rainwater drainage channel. A water level regulating component is installed at the end of the rainwater drainage channel away from the upper energy harvesting structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the chiral torsion blade is a chiral structure with a spatial torsion surface, with a height of 150~300mm, a maximum outer diameter of 200~400mm, and a torsion angle of 30°~150° along the height direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the hollow shaft is 5~20 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, a first friction layer and a second friction layer are provided inside the rotating triboelectric generator cavity. The first friction layer is fixed to the inner wall of the housing, and the second friction layer is fixedly disposed on the hollow rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the hollow rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the first friction layer is an FEP friction layer with a thickness of 0.5~2 mm, and the second friction layer is a PTFE friction layer with a thickness of 0.5~2 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, a planar attached copper electrode array is provided at the bottom of the rotating triboelectric generator cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the copper electrode array includes multiple fan-shaped copper electrodes, with the unit angle of the fan-shaped copper electrodes being 20°~60°. The number of fan-shaped copper electrodes should be an integer multiple of the number of the second friction layer to ensure the output stability of the device and improve the output power.

[0014] Furthermore, the sector-shaped copper electrodes are arranged alternately in a positive and negative polarity pattern.

[0015] Furthermore, copper electrodes are attached to the inner wall of the liquid triboelectric generator cavity, with the copper electrodes having a length of 10~70 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the water level regulating component is a float valve, which is used to block the rainwater drainage channel when the liquid level reaches a set height.

[0017] Working Principle: Under the influence of wind, the chiral torsional blades are driven to rotate, and this mechanical motion is transmitted to the rotary triboelectric generator chamber via a hollow shaft. The second friction layer in the rotary triboelectric generator chamber moves synchronously with the shaft, undergoing periodic positional changes relative to the first friction layer, thus converting wind energy into electrical energy based on an independent layered triboelectric nanogenerator mechanism. In a rainy environment, rainwater flows along the blade surface and converges, eventually entering the liquid triboelectric generator chamber through the hollow shaft. When the device moves with waves, relative motion occurs between the liquid inside the liquid triboelectric generator chamber and the inner wall electrodes, achieving the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy. As the liquid level rises, the float valve, under buoyancy, can block the rainwater drainage channel, maintaining the liquid level within a set range.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant features:

[0019] 1. In response to the significant spatiotemporal synchronization characteristics of wind fields, rainfall and waves in marine environments, this invention achieves synchronous response and coordinated energy conversion under three natural excitation conditions through an integrated coupling design of the upper energy capture structure and the lower energy conversion structure, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization capability of multi-source environmental energy.

[0020] 2. By setting chiral torsion blades with spatial torsional surfaces, a rainwater diversion path is constructed while wind energy drives rotation, realizing an integrated structural design for wind energy capture and rainwater collection, thus reducing system complexity;

[0021] 3. By setting up an independent liquid triboelectric generator chamber in the lower structure and using rainwater as the liquid excitation medium in the chamber, the rainfall process and wave motion are coupled and excited, which helps to improve the energy conversion stability of the device under complex sea conditions.

[0022] 4. By installing a water level regulating component in the rainwater diversion channel, the liquid level in the liquid friction power generation chamber is kept within a relatively stable range, avoiding the adverse effects of excessively high liquid levels on power generation efficiency and improving the reliability of system operation.

[0023] 5. By adopting an alternating fan-shaped copper electrode array structure, it is beneficial to enhance the uniformity of the charge induction area distribution and improve the stability of the electrical energy output of the rotating triboelectric power generation cavity.

[0024] 6. By maintaining an integer multiple relationship between the number of sector-shaped copper electrodes and the number of the second friction layer, orderly contact between the friction layer and the electrodes can be achieved, avoiding simultaneous contact of electrodes of different polarities with the friction layer during power generation, forming a continuous charge transfer process, ensuring the output stability of the device and improving the output power. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chiral torsion blade 11 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower energy conversion structure 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating triboelectric power generation cavity 22 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid triboelectric power generation cavity 23 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the average power generation voltage diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the average power generation voltage of the present invention at the starting wind speed;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the average generated voltage after the friction layer material was replaced according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the average generated voltage after the material distribution of the friction layer in this invention is changed;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a diagram of the average generated voltage under 1Hz wave excitation conditions according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the average power generation voltage of the wind power generation module when wind and rain excitation are applied simultaneously according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the average power generation voltage of the wave power generation module when rainfall and wave excitation are applied simultaneously according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the rainwater collection volume and corresponding power generation voltage within the device after the water level regulating component 3 is removed according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figures 1-5 The multi-source coupled energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator for wind, rain, and waves includes an upper energy harvesting structure 1 and a lower energy conversion structure 2, which are coaxially connected by a hollow rotating shaft 12. The upper energy harvesting structure 1 includes a chiral torsion blade 11 and a hollow rotating shaft 12, which are rigidly fixed together.

[0040] The chiral torsion blade 11 has five sub-blades, which are evenly distributed around the hollow rotating shaft 12. The overall height of the chiral torsion blade 11 is 205 mm, and the maximum radial dimension is 290 mm. The root of the sub-blades is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow rotating shaft 12, allowing the chiral torsion blade 11 to rotate synchronously with the hollow rotating shaft 12. The chiral torsion blade 11 has a right-handed spatial torsion structure, gradually and continuously torsioning along the height direction, causing the upper end of the sub-blades to deflect approximately 270° relative to the lower end in the circumferential direction, thus forming a continuously changing torsional surface. The chiral torsion blade 11 gradually expands outward from bottom to top, with its blade width gradually increasing from approximately 4 mm at the lower end to approximately 55 mm at the upper end, forming a spiral torsion surface that widens from narrow to wide. The chiral torsion blade 11 has an asymmetrical curved surface structure on its windward and leeward sides. The blade is spirally twisted along its height, generating a tangential driving torque under wind force, which drives the hollow shaft 12 to rotate. Simultaneously, the surface of the chiral torsion blade 11 naturally curves to form a continuous inclined surface. Rainwater falling on the surface of the chiral torsion blade 11 flows downwards along the spiral direction of the sub-blade surface under gravity, gradually converging towards the root of the sub-blade. The top of the hollow shaft 12 has an opening structure, through which rainwater converging at the root of the sub-blade enters the interior of the hollow shaft 12. A through-type rainwater drainage channel 13 is machined inside the hollow shaft 12, allowing the collected rainwater to enter the lower energy conversion structure 2 along the rainwater drainage channel 13.

[0041] The lower energy conversion structure 2 includes a cylindrical shell 21 with a diameter of 200 mm. The interior of the shell 21 is divided into a rotary triboelectric power generation chamber 22 and a liquid triboelectric power generation chamber 23 by a partition. An independent layered triboelectric nano-power generation structure is set inside the rotary triboelectric power generation chamber 22, wherein the first friction layer 221 is fixedly set on the inner wall of the shell, and the second friction layer 222 is connected to the hollow rotating shaft 12 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft.

[0042] The first friction layer 221 is made of FEP thin film material, and the second friction layer 222 is made of PTFE thin film material. A planar attached copper electrode array 24 is fixed at the bottom of the rotating triboelectric generator cavity 22. The copper electrode array 24 is composed of multiple fan-shaped copper electrode units, which are arranged alternately in a positive and negative electrode manner.

[0043] The liquid triboelectric generator chamber 23 is connected to the rainwater drainage channel 13. A rectangular copper electrode is attached to its inner wall to generate electricity by relative motion between the electrode and the internal liquid when the device is excited by waves. A water level regulating component 3, which is a float valve 31, is installed inside the rainwater drainage channel 13. When the liquid level rises to a set height, the float valve 31 blocks the rainwater drainage channel 13 under the action of buoyancy to maintain a stable liquid level inside the liquid triboelectric generator chamber 23.

[0044] After the structural assembly was completed, the device of this embodiment underwent wind energy excitation testing. For example... Figure 6 As shown, when the wind speed is 9 m / s, the device can achieve an average power generation voltage of approximately 480 V.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The remaining conditions and structure of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, the only difference being that the wind speed is reduced to just enough to drive the device, that is, the device starts to start when the wind speed is 3.2 m / s. Figure 7 As shown, the average generating voltage at this time is approximately 240V.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] The remaining conditions and structure of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that the material of the second friction layer 222 is replaced with nylon material to form a friction pair with the FEP material. Figure 8 As shown, under these conditions, the average voltage of the device is approximately 180V.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] The rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 1, except that FEP is set as the second friction layer 222 and PTFE is set as the first friction layer 221. Figure 9 As shown, the average voltage of the device is approximately 280 V.

[0051] Test Example 1

[0052] Wave excitation tests were performed under the structural conditions described in Example 1. Figure 10 As shown, under 1 Hz wave excitation conditions, the highest output voltage of the liquid triboelectric generator is about 40 V.

[0053] Test Example 2

[0054] A simultaneous rain and wind test was conducted under the structural conditions described in Example 1. When rainfall and wind excitation were applied simultaneously, the initial wind speed was approximately 5.6 m / s; Figure 11 As shown, when the wind speed is 9 m / s, the average power generation voltage is approximately 460V. The rainwater collection rate is approximately 1 mL / s.

[0055] Test Example 3

[0056] Rainwave synchronization tests were conducted under the conditions described in Example 3. Figure 12 As shown, under 1 Hz wave excitation and continuous rainfall conditions, the output voltage of the liquid triboelectric generator can be stably maintained at approximately 35 V. During the test, the float valve blocks the flow channel when the liquid level reaches the set height; otherwise, it does not affect the water collection rate of the device.

[0057] Test Comparison Example 1

[0058] Based on the method described in Example 5, the water level regulating component 3 was removed for testing. Under rain wave synchronous excitation conditions, such as Figure 13 As shown, as the amount of rainwater inside the liquid triboelectric generator gradually increases, the output voltage gradually decreases from about 50 V to about 8 V.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind, rain, and waves, characterized in that: The structure includes an upper energy capture structure (1), a lower energy conversion structure (2), and a water level regulating component (3). The upper energy capture structure (1) includes a chiral torsion blade (11) with a rainwater guiding path formed on its surface and a hollow rotating shaft (12). The chiral torsion blade (11) is connected to the hollow rotating shaft (12), and a rainwater drainage channel (13) is formed inside the hollow rotating shaft (12). The lower energy conversion structure (2) includes a shell (21), and the interior of the shell (21) is divided into a rotary triboelectric power generation chamber (22) and a liquid triboelectric power generation chamber (23) along the axial direction. The liquid triboelectric power generation chamber (23) is connected to the rainwater drainage channel (13). The water level regulating component (3) is provided at the end of the rainwater drainage channel (13) away from the upper energy capture structure (1).

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chiral torsion blade (11) is a chiral structure with a spatial torsion surface, with a height of 150~300 mm, a maximum outer diameter of 200~400 mm, and a torsion angle of 30°~150° along the height direction.

3. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind, rain, and waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the hollow rotating shaft (12) is 5~20 mm.

4. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating triboelectric generator cavity (22) is provided with a first friction layer (221) and a second friction layer (222). The first friction layer (221) is fixed on the inner wall of the housing (21), and the second friction layer (222) is fixed on the hollow rotating shaft (12) and rotates synchronously with the hollow rotating shaft (12).

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first friction layer (221) is an FEP friction layer with a thickness of 0.5~2 mm, and the second friction layer (222) is a PTFE friction layer with a thickness of 0.5~2 mm.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind, rain, and waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating triboelectric cavity (22) is provided with a planar attached copper electrode array (24).

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind, rain, and waves according to claim 6, characterized in that: The copper electrode array (24) includes multiple fan-shaped copper electrodes, the unit angle of the fan-shaped copper electrodes is 20°~60°, and the number of the fan-shaped copper electrodes should be an integer multiple of the number of the second friction layer.

8. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sector-shaped copper electrodes are arranged alternately in a positive and negative polarity pattern.

9. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper electrode is attached to the inner wall of the liquid triboelectric generator cavity (23), and the length of the copper electrode is 10~70 mm.

10. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-source coupled energy harvesting from wind and rain waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level regulating component (3) is a float valve (31), which is used to block the rainwater drainage channel (13) when the liquid level reaches a set height.

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