Variable-capacity compressor and air conditioner

Abstract

The variable-capacity compressor comprises a second air cylinder and a second flange, a pin hole is formed in the second flange, a pin valve is arranged in the pin hole, and one end of the pin hole is connected with a variable-capacity cavity, so that one end of the pin valve can bear pressure in the variable-capacity cavity; the other end of the pin valve can introduce pressure in a shell cavity of the compressor to serve as back pressure, a first pressure relief channel is formed in the pin valve, a second pressure relief channel is formed in the second flange, and when the pressure in the variable-volume cavity is larger than preset pressure, the variable-volume cavity can be sequentially communicated with the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel. And when the pressure in the variable volume cavity is smaller than the preset pressure, the variable volume cavity is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel. According to the invention, the problems of noise, jittering and the like generated when the variable-capacity compressor is started after long-time low-temperature standing can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of compressor technology, specifically relating to a variable capacity compressor and an air conditioner. Background Technology

[0002] Scroll compressors have significant advantages such as small size and simple structure, and are widely used in residential air conditioners and multi-split air conditioning systems. In multi-split air conditioning applications, one outdoor unit connects to multiple indoor units simultaneously. When all indoor units are running, a large cooling capacity is required, and the outdoor unit operates at full load; when only one indoor unit is running, a small cooling capacity is required, and the outdoor unit operates at low load. Given the large load variations characteristic of multi-split air conditioning systems, inverter technology can meet the needs to some extent. However, when the indoor units are small, the compressor may still experience a cooling capacity surplus even when operating at its lower frequency limit. This leads to frequent compressor start-stop cycles, resulting in large fluctuations in indoor temperature and increased power consumption.

[0003] Based on the use of variable frequency technology in the rolling rotor compressor, a selectively operating variable displacement cylinder is installed on the pump body. When a small load is required, the variable displacement cylinder does not work; when a large load is required, the variable displacement cylinder works. This significantly reduces the minimum load of the unit and improves the problem of frequent start-stop when the unit is operating under relatively low load conditions, such as when only one indoor unit is running.

[0004] Under normal operating conditions, pressure pulsations within the variable-capacity chamber of a residential multi-split air conditioning unit have no impact on operational stability. However, after the outdoor unit has been placed in low-temperature conditions for an extended period, the refrigerant inside the unit changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. When the unit is turned on, a large amount of liquid refrigerant is drawn into the compressor and guided into the variable-capacity chamber through the variable-capacity port. Due to the incompressible nature of liquid refrigerant, the pressure within the variable-capacity chamber changes drastically with the reciprocating motion of the second vane, causing the compressor to vibrate violently and generate noise. This severely affects the safe operation of the unit and the comfort of its users.

[0005] Because existing variable capacity compressors have technical problems such as noise and vibration when started after being left to stand at low temperatures for a long time, this invention studies and designs a variable capacity compressor and an air conditioner. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a variable capacity compressor and an air conditioner, which can solve the technical problem that variable capacity compressors in the prior art are prone to noise and vibration when started after being left to stand at low temperature for a long time.

[0007] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a variable displacement compressor, comprising:

[0008] A second cylinder and a second flange are provided. The second cylinder is equipped with a second sliding vane and a variable displacement cavity. The tail end of the second sliding vane communicates with the variable displacement cavity.

[0009] The second flange is connected to one axial end of the second cylinder. A pin hole is provided on the second flange, and a pin valve is provided in the pin hole. One end of the pin hole is connected to the variable displacement cavity, so that one end of the pin valve can withstand the pressure in the variable displacement cavity, and the other end of the pin valve can introduce the pressure in the compressor housing chamber as back pressure. The pin valve has a first pressure relief channel inside, and the second flange has a second pressure relief channel. When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity is greater than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity can be connected to the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel in sequence to relieve the fluid in the variable displacement cavity to the housing chamber. When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity is less than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel.

[0010] In some implementations...

[0011] The first pressure relief channel extends from one end of the pin valve toward the interior of the pin valve, and the second pressure relief channel extends from the outer peripheral wall of the second flange toward the interior of the second flange to communicate with the pin hole.

[0012] In some implementations...

[0013] It also includes a cover plate, on which a back pressure channel is provided. The pin valve includes a first end and a second end that are opposite to each other. The first end is opposite to the variable volume cavity so as to withstand the pressure of the variable volume cavity, and the second end is opposite to the back pressure channel so as to withstand the pressure of the shell chamber.

[0014] One end of the back pressure channel is connected to the pin hole, and the other end of the back pressure channel is connected to the housing chamber, so that the pressure inside the housing chamber can be introduced into the pin hole and act on the second end of the pin valve.

[0015] In some implementations...

[0016] The pin valve is also provided with a third pressure relief channel, which extends from the outer peripheral wall of the pin valve toward the interior of the pin valve and communicates with the first pressure relief channel.

[0017] When the pin valve moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel is not opposite to the second pressure relief channel, the variable displacement cavity is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel;

[0018] When the pin valve moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel is opposite to and connected to the second pressure relief channel, the first end of the pin valve is not connected to the second slide plate, and the variable displacement cavity can be connected to the first pressure relief channel, the third pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel in sequence.

[0019] In some implementations...

[0020] The pin valve has a columnar structure. The first pressure relief channel extends along the axial direction of the pin valve, and the third pressure relief channel extends along the radial direction of the pin valve. There are multiple third pressure relief channels, and the multiple third pressure relief channels are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the pin valve.

[0021] The outer peripheral wall of the pin valve is also provided with an annular groove, which is connected to and communicates with the radial outer ends of the plurality of third pressure relief channels.

[0022] In some implementations...

[0023] The pin valve includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment. The outer diameter of the first shaft segment is smaller than the outer diameter of the second shaft segment. A first stepped surface is formed at the junction of the outer periphery of the first shaft segment and the outer periphery of the second shaft segment. An elastic element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first shaft segment. One end of the elastic element is connected to the first stepped surface. The pin hole includes a first section hole and a second section hole connected along its axial direction. The first section hole is closer to the second cylinder than the second section hole. The inner diameter of the first section hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the second section hole, so that a second stepped surface is formed at the junction of the two. The other end of the elastic element is connected to the second stepped surface, so that the elastic element can apply an elastic force to the pin valve in the direction of the cover plate.

[0024] In some implementations...

[0025] The second cylinder is also provided with a variable displacement port and a connecting channel. The variable displacement port is opened from the radial outer end of the second cylinder toward the inside. The variable displacement port and the variable displacement cavity are located at different circumferential positions on the second cylinder. The variable displacement port and the variable displacement cavity are connected through the connecting channel. The variable displacement port can be connected to different external pressures of the variable displacement compressor so that the pin valve is in contact with the second sliding vane. At this time, the second sliding vane is not in contact with the second roller, or the pin valve is not in contact with the second sliding vane to relieve pressure on the variable displacement cavity. At this time, the second sliding vane is in contact with the second roller.

[0026] In some implementations...

[0027] When the pin valve is engaged with the second slide plate, the pin valve closes the connection between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel; when the pin valve is not engaged with the second slide plate and moves to the point where the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel are in relative communication, the pin valve opens the connection between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel, so that the variable displacement cavity releases fluid pressure into the compressor housing chamber through the first pressure relief channel, the third pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel.

[0028] In some implementations...

[0029] The second cylinder is located at the upper end of the second flange. The upper end of the pin valve is the first end, which can withstand the downward pressure F1 in the variable displacement cavity. The lower end of the pin valve is the second end, which can withstand the upward pressure F2 applied to it in the back pressure channel. The pressure in the back pressure channel is equal to the pressure in the housing chamber. When an elastic element is also included, the pin valve also withstands the downward elastic force G applied to it by the elastic element.

[0030] When the force on the pin valve is F1+G<F2, the pin valve can move upward to engage with the second slide plate, locking the second slide plate and closing the connection between the variable displacement cavity and the housing chamber. When the force on the pin valve is F1+G>F2, the pin valve can move downward to connect the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, opening the connection between the variable displacement cavity and the housing chamber, allowing the variable displacement cavity to release fluid pressure into the housing chamber through the first pressure relief channel, the third pressure relief channel, and the second pressure relief channel.

[0031] The present invention also provides an air conditioner comprising the aforementioned variable capacity compressor.

[0032] The variable capacity compressor and air conditioner provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention addresses the issue of variable displacement compressors by providing a pressure relief port on a partition between the first and second cylinders. This port connects to the variable displacement chamber on the second cylinder (the variable displacement chamber is connected to the tail of the second vane and is used to drive the second vane to connect with the second roller to achieve variable displacement). Simultaneously, a valve groove and a pressure relief channel are positioned on the first cylinder opposite the pressure relief port. A pin valve is installed in the valve groove, with its first end facing the pressure relief port to withstand the pressure of the variable displacement chamber, and its second end facing the valve groove. The back pressure channel allows the pressure from the housing chamber to be introduced into the valve groove, thus causing the second end of the pin valve to withstand the pressure of the housing chamber. Therefore, the pin valve automatically moves according to the pressures of the variable displacement chamber and the housing chamber at its two ends. Specifically, it opens the connection between the pressure relief port and the pressure relief channel when the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is greater than the pressure in the housing chamber, achieving automatic pressure relief of the variable displacement chamber. This allows the pin valve to automatically open when the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is high and automatically close when the pressure is low, solving the problems of noise and vibration generated during startup of the variable displacement compressor after a long period of low-temperature static storage. The present invention addresses several issues. Compared to existing riveted exhaust valve plates, this invention offers improved reliability in resisting abnormal liquid pressure, preventing the free end of the thin-arm riveted valve plate from repeatedly vibrating under high-pressure airflow pulsation. This effectively improves stability during pressure relief, preventing noise or vibration caused by vibration, and provides faster response and better timeliness of opening and closing. It effectively solves the technical problem of vibration caused by riveted exhaust valve plates in existing compressors. Furthermore, the second end of the pin valve in the pressure relief structure of this invention introduces the pressure from inside the housing. Compared to existing solutions that introduce pressure from inside the cylinder, where the cylinder pressure is typically lower than the housing pressure, applying this to the pin valve of this invention would cause premature valve opening, leading to backflow of fluid within the housing and preventing effective pressure relief. Therefore, the pressure relief structure of this invention achieves stable pressure relief, prevents vibration, provides faster response, and offers more precise pressure relief, resulting in stable pressure relief. Moreover, this invention eliminates the need for additional piping for pressure relief, reducing compressor manufacturing costs and decreasing compressor size. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the variable displacement compressor of the present invention at two air intake ports;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the variable displacement compressor of the present invention at the variable displacement port;

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view of the internal structure of the first compression component;

[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Top view of the internal structure of the second compression component;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the pump body when the variable displacement cylinder of the present invention is in the stopped working state (when the variable displacement chamber is in the stopped working state, the pressure is introduced into the low pressure chamber, and at this time the pin valve moves upward to close the pressure relief passage).

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part D;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the pump body when the variable displacement cylinder of the present invention is in working state (in working state 1, the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is high pressure and the pressure is higher than the exhaust pressure, at which time the pin valve opens to release pressure).

[0042] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of part E;

[0043] Figure 9 These are longitudinal sectional views and perspective views of the pin valve of the present invention.

[0044] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0045] 1. First cylinder; 2. Second cylinder; 3. Partition; 4. Second vane; 5. Variable displacement chamber; 6. First pressure relief channel; 7. Pin hole; 8. Second pressure relief channel; 9. Housing chamber; 10. Pin valve; 11. First end; 12. Second end; 13. Back pressure channel; 14. Third pressure relief channel; 15. First flange; 16. Variable displacement port; 17. Connecting channel; 18. Second roller; 19. First intake port; 20. Second intake port; 21. Crankshaft; 22. First roller; 23. First vane; 24. Annular groove; 25. Elastic element; 26. Cover plate; 27. Housing; 28. Exhaust port; 29. ​​Second flange; 30. Distributor; 31. First stepped surface; 32. Second stepped surface; 33. Variable displacement component; 34. Sealing part. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0048] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, rotated 90 degrees, or in other orientations, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1-9 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a variable displacement compressor is provided, comprising:

[0051] The second cylinder 2 and the second flange 29 are provided. The second cylinder 2 is equipped with a second sliding plate 4 and a variable displacement cavity 5. The tail of the second sliding plate 4 is connected to the variable displacement cavity 5.

[0052] The second flange 29 is connected to one axial end of the second cylinder 2. A pin hole 7 is provided on the second flange 29, and a pin valve 10 is provided in the pin hole 7. One end of the pin hole 7 is connected to the variable displacement cavity 5, so that one end of the pin valve 10 can withstand the pressure in the variable displacement cavity 5, and the other end of the pin valve 10 can introduce the pressure in the housing chamber 9 of the compressor as back pressure. A first pressure relief channel 6 is provided inside the pin valve 10, and a second pressure relief channel 8 is provided on the second flange 29. When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity 5 is greater than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity 5 can be connected to the first pressure relief channel 6 and the second pressure relief channel 8 in sequence to relieve the fluid in the variable displacement cavity 5 to the housing chamber 9. When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity 5 is less than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity 5 is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel 6 and the second pressure relief channel 8.

[0053] This invention addresses the issue of variable displacement compressors by installing a pin hole on the second flange, within which a pin valve is installed. The pin valve contains a first pressure relief channel, connecting to a variable displacement chamber on the second cylinder (the variable displacement chamber is the chamber connected to the tail of the second vane, used to drive the second vane to connect with the second roller to achieve variable displacement). The first end of the pin valve faces the variable displacement chamber to bear its pressure, while the second end faces the back pressure channel. The back pressure channel introduces pressure from the housing chamber onto the second end, causing the pin valve to bear the pressure from the housing chamber. Therefore, the pin valve automatically moves according to the pressures of the variable displacement chamber and the housing chamber at its two ends. Specifically, it opens the connection between the first and second pressure relief channels when the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is greater than the pressure in the housing chamber, achieving automatic pressure relief of the variable displacement chamber. This allows the pressure relief valve to automatically open when the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is high and automatically close when the pressure is low, solving problems such as noise and vibration during startup of variable displacement compressors after prolonged low-temperature static storage. Furthermore, compared to existing... Compared to existing riveted exhaust valve plates, this invention improves the reliability of resisting abnormal liquid slugging pressure. It avoids the phenomenon of repeated vibration at the free end of the thin-arm riveted valve plate under high-pressure airflow pulsation, effectively improving stability during pressure relief, preventing noise or vibration caused by vibration, and offering faster response and better timeliness of opening and closing. It effectively solves the technical problem of vibration caused by riveted exhaust valve plate structures in existing compressors. Furthermore, the second end of the pin valve in this invention's pressure relief structure introduces the pressure from inside the housing. Compared to existing solutions that introduce pressure from inside the cylinder, where the cylinder pressure is usually lower than the housing pressure, applying this to the pin valve of this invention would cause premature valve opening, leading to backflow of fluid inside the housing and preventing normal and effective pressure relief. Therefore, compared to various existing solutions, this invention's pressure relief structure achieves stable pressure relief, prevents vibration, has a faster response, and more precise pressure relief action, achieving stable pressure relief. Moreover, this invention eliminates the need for additional piping for pressure relief, reducing compressor manufacturing costs and decreasing compressor size.

[0054] This invention solves the following technical problems:

[0055] 1. It solves the problems of noise and vibration generated when starting up a variable capacity compressor after a long period of low-temperature static storage; it also solves the technical problem that the use of riveted exhaust valve plates in existing compressors can cause vibration.

[0056] 2. Avoid introducing pressure into the cylinder body as back pressure, which could cause fluid diversion within the housing and prevent normal pressure relief.

[0057] 3. When conventional two-stage (enthalpy-increasing) compressors and systems using them are left stagnant for a long time in low-temperature environments (especially ultra-low temperature environments below -20℃), or when the system load changes significantly or the evaporator heat exchange is poor, liquid slugging can cause a sudden increase in the pressure of the intermediate-pressure chamber, which in turn can lead to overpressure tripping of the secondary compression chamber, affecting the stable operation of the system.

[0058] 4. Existing pressure relief technology solutions that involve setting external pipelines and differential pressure control valves require additional system pipelines and control valves, which increases manufacturing costs and makes the pipeline layout more complex, thus affecting the overall heating performance and system reliability.

[0059] In some implementations...

[0060] The first pressure relief channel 6 extends from one end of the pin valve 10 toward the interior of the pin valve 10, and the second pressure relief channel 8 extends from the outer peripheral wall of the second flange 29 toward the interior of the second flange 29 to communicate with the pin hole 7.

[0061] This is a preferred structural form of the first pressure relief channel of the present invention, namely, a channel extending inward on the pin valve, which can connect the variable volume cavity with the first pressure relief channel, and the third pressure relief channel (lateral pressure relief hole) on the pin valve can connect the second pressure relief channel with the second pressure relief channel. Thus, the movement of the pin valve can open or close the connection between the second and third pressure relief channels, so as to achieve the purpose and effect of opening the third pressure relief channel for pressure relief when the pressure is high and closing the pressure relief when the pressure is low.

[0062] In some implementations...

[0063] It also includes a cover plate 26, on which a back pressure channel 13 is provided. The pin valve 10 includes a first end 11 and a second end 12 facing away from each other. The first end 11 is opposite to the variable displacement cavity 5 so as to withstand the pressure of the variable displacement cavity 5, and the second end 12 is opposite to the back pressure channel 13 so as to withstand the pressure of the shell chamber 9.

[0064] One end of the back pressure channel 13 is connected to the pin hole 7, and the other end of the back pressure channel 13 is connected to the housing chamber 9, so that the pressure in the housing chamber 9 can be introduced into the pin hole 7 and act on the second end 12 of the pin valve 10.

[0065] This is a preferred structural form of the back pressure channel of the present invention. The back pressure channel is provided on the cover plate provided on the end face opposite to the second cylinder of the second flange. It can communicate with the housing chamber to effectively introduce fluid (e.g., exhaust gas) from the housing chamber into the back pressure channel, and then act on the second end of the pin valve to realize the purpose of the pin valve automatically opening and closing the pressure relief channel according to the pressure of the variable volume chamber and the pressure of the housing chamber.

[0066] In some implementations...

[0067] The pin valve 10 is also provided with a third pressure relief channel 14, which extends from the outer peripheral wall of the pin valve 10 toward the interior of the pin valve 10 and communicates with the first pressure relief channel 6.

[0068] When the pin valve 10 moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel 14 is not opposite to the second pressure relief channel 8 (see...) Figure 6 (preferably, the two are staggered vertically), the variable volume cavity 5 is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel 6 and the second pressure relief channel 8;

[0069] When the pin valve 10 moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel 14 is opposite to and connected to the second pressure relief channel 8, the first end 11 of the pin valve 10 is not connected to the second sliding plate 4 (see...). Figure 8 Preferably, the first end is located a distance below the second sliding plate. The variable displacement cavity 5 can be sequentially connected to the first pressure relief channel 6, the third pressure relief channel 14 and the second pressure relief channel 8.

[0070] This is the preferred structural form of the pin valve of the present invention. The lateral pressure relief hole (third pressure relief channel) on the pin valve can connect the first and second pressure relief channels. Then, the movement of the pin valve can open or close the third pressure relief channel, so as to achieve the purpose and effect of opening the third pressure relief channel for pressure relief when the pressure is high and closing the pressure relief when the pressure is low.

[0071] In some implementations...

[0072] The pin valve 10 has a columnar structure. The first pressure relief channel 6 extends along the axial direction of the pin valve 10, and the third pressure relief channel 14 extends along the radial direction of the pin valve 10. There are multiple third pressure relief channels 14, and the multiple third pressure relief channels 14 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the pin valve 10.

[0073] The outer peripheral wall of the pin valve 10 is also provided with an annular groove 24, which is connected to and communicates with the radial outer ends of the plurality of third pressure relief channels 14.

[0074] This is a preferred structural form of the pin valve, the first pressure relief channel, and the third pressure relief channel of the present invention. The multiple third pressure relief channels arranged circumferentially can increase the pressure relief flow area and improve the pressure relief effect. Furthermore, the annular groove provided on the outer peripheral wall of the pin valve can achieve the function of stabilizing pressure, increase the flow area, further increase the pressure relief flow, and improve the pressure relief effect.

[0075] In some implementations...

[0076] The pin valve 10 includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment. The outer diameter of the first shaft segment is smaller than that of the second shaft segment. A first stepped surface 31 is formed at the junction of the outer periphery of the first shaft segment and the outer periphery of the second shaft segment. An elastic element 25 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first shaft segment. One end of the elastic element 25 is connected to the first stepped surface 31. The pin hole 7 includes a first segment hole and a second segment hole connected along its axial direction. The first segment hole is closer to the second cylinder 2 than the second segment hole. The inner diameter of the first segment hole is smaller than that of the second segment hole, so that a second stepped surface 32 is formed at the junction of the two. The other end of the elastic element 25 is connected to the second stepped surface 32, so that the elastic element 25 can apply an elastic force to the pin valve 10 in the direction of the cover plate 26.

[0077] This invention provides a high-pressure fluid relief passage on the second flange of the variable displacement compressor near the second compression assembly. This passage includes an axial pressure relief hole (first pressure relief channel 6) on the pin valve, a third pressure relief channel 14, a pressure relief groove (annular groove 24), and a second pressure relief channel on the second flange. When the second compression assembly is in operation, if the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is high, the high-pressure fluid relief passage opens to suppress the pressure rise in the variable displacement chamber, preventing severe vibration and noise problems in the compressor under extreme operating conditions. If the pressure in the variable displacement chamber drops to a level sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 25, the high-pressure fluid relief passage closes, preventing fluid from the housing from entering the variable displacement chamber through the high-pressure relief passage (in operation, such as...). Figure 7 ).

[0078] When the second compression assembly stops working, the high-pressure fluid relief passage is closed by the pin valve 10, and the second vane is constrained within the vane groove of the second cylinder by the pin valve 10. Due to the sealing effect of the pin valve 10, the problem of reduced compressor performance caused by high and low pressure leakage is avoided.

[0079] In some implementations...

[0080] The second cylinder 2 is also provided with a variable displacement port 16 and a connecting channel 17. The variable displacement port 16 opens from the radially outer end of the second cylinder 2 inward. The variable displacement port 16 and the variable displacement cavity 5 are located at different circumferential positions on the second cylinder 2. The variable displacement port 16 and the variable displacement cavity 5 are connected through the connecting channel 17. The variable displacement port 16 can be connected to fluids of different pressures outside the variable displacement compressor, so that the pin valve 10 is in contact with the second sliding vane 4 to prevent pressure relief from the variable displacement cavity 5. At this time, the second sliding vane 4 is not in contact with the second roller 18 (see...). Figure 6 ), or to prevent the pin valve 10 from engaging with the second slide plate 4 to relieve pressure on the variable displacement cavity 5, in which case the second slide plate 4 engages with the second roller 18 (see Figure 8 ).

[0081] This is a further preferred structural form of the second cylinder of the present invention. Through the variable displacement port and the connecting channel, fluid can be introduced from outside the compressor and enter the variable displacement chamber. The pressure relief valve is automatically opened or closed according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure in the housing. The second sliding vane is automatically driven to engage with the second roller according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure in the compression chamber, so as to realize the variable displacement operation of compression or non-compression. While realizing variable displacement control, it can also effectively relieve pressure in the variable displacement chamber, preventing noise, vibration and other issues that may occur when the compressor is started after being left to stand at low temperature for a long time.

[0082] In some implementations...

[0083] When the pin valve 10 is engaged with the second sliding plate 4, the pin valve 10 closes the connection between the first pressure relief channel 6 and the second pressure relief channel 8; when the pin valve 10 is not engaged with the second sliding plate 4 and moves to the point where the second pressure relief channel 8 is in relative connection with the third pressure relief channel 14 (see... Figure 8 The pin valve 10 opens the connection between the first pressure relief channel 6 and the second pressure relief channel 8, so that the variable displacement cavity 5 releases fluid pressure into the compressor housing chamber 9 through the first pressure relief channel 6, the third pressure relief channel 14 and the second pressure relief channel 8.

[0084] This is the preferred relationship between the movement state of the pin valve of the present invention and whether or not there is communication between the first and the pressure relief channels. That is, when the pin valve moves to abut against the second slide, the communication between the first and second pressure relief channels is effectively closed, and no pressure is released at this time. When the pressure relief valve moves to not abut against the second slide and the third pressure relief channel is relatively connected to the second pressure relief channel, the communication between the first and second pressure relief channels is effectively opened. At this time, the fluid in the variable volume cavity is released to the shell chamber through the first and the pressure relief channels.

[0085] In some implementations...

[0086] The second cylinder 2 is located at the upper end of the second flange 29. The upper end of the pin valve 10 is the first end 11, which can withstand the downward pressure F1 in the variable displacement cavity 5. The lower end of the pin valve 10 is the second end 12, which can withstand the upward pressure F2 applied to it in the back pressure channel 13. The pressure in the back pressure channel 13 is equal to the pressure in the housing chamber 9. When the elastic element 25 is also included, the pin valve 10 also withstands the downward elastic force G applied to it by the elastic element 25.

[0087] When the force on the pin valve 10 is F1+G<F2, the pin valve 10 can move upward to connect with the second slide plate 4, locking the second slide plate 4 and closing the connection between the variable displacement cavity 5 and the housing chamber 9. When the force on the pin valve 10 is F1+G>F2, the pin valve 10 can move downward to connect the second pressure relief channel 8 and the third pressure relief channel 14, opening the connection between the variable displacement cavity 5 and the housing chamber 9, so that the variable displacement cavity 5 releases fluid pressure into the housing chamber 9 through the first pressure relief channel 6, the third pressure relief channel 14 and the second pressure relief channel 8.

[0088] This invention relates to a process where the pin valve automatically opens or closes the connection between the first and second pressure relief channels based on the magnitude of the pressure at both ends and the magnitude of the elastic force, thus automatically relieving pressure. Specifically, the upper end of the pin valve bears the pressure of the variable displacement cavity, and the lower end of the pressure relief valve bears the pressure of the shell chamber. The elastic force of the elastic element in this invention is G. Since its elastic force is relatively small compared to the pressure above and below, it can be ignored. Preferably, when F1+G<F2, the pressure in the variable displacement cavity is not very large. At this time, the pin valve connects with the second sliding plate to close the third pressure relief channel, and no pressure is relieved. Preferably, when F1+G>F2, the pressure in the variable displacement cavity is larger. At this time, the pin valve is automatically pushed downward to open the third pressure relief channel, achieving automatic pressure relief. Therefore, it can achieve the effect of automatically opening the pressure relief channel to relieve pressure in the variable displacement cavity or closing the pressure relief based on the pressure relationship between the variable displacement cavity and the shell chamber.

[0089] This invention provides a high-pressure fluid relief passage on the second flange of the variable displacement compressor near the second compression assembly. This passage includes an axial relief hole (first relief channel 6) on the pin valve, a lateral relief hole (third relief channel 14), a relief groove (annular groove 24), and a second relief channel 8 on the second flange. When the second compression assembly is in operation, if the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is high, the high-pressure fluid relief passage opens to suppress the pressure rise in the variable displacement chamber, preventing severe vibration and noise problems in the compressor under extreme operating conditions. To prevent excessive pressure drop in the variable displacement chamber from causing the pin valve to move and affecting the operation of the second vane, the spring force F and the cross-sectional area S of the pin valve sealing part should satisfy the relationship: F ​​> 0.1S.

[0090] When the second compression assembly stops working, the high-pressure fluid relief passage is closed by the pin valve 10, and the second vane is constrained within the vane groove of the second cylinder by the pin valve 10. Due to the sealing effect of the pin valve, the problem of reduced compressor performance caused by high and low pressure leakage is avoided.

[0091] The present invention relates to a compressor structure: This invention relates to a rolling rotor compressor, comprising a distributor 30, a housing 27, a motor, and a pump body. The distributor 30 is disposed outside the housing 27, the motor is sleeved on the upper part of the housing 27, and the pump body is sleeved inside the housing 27 and located below the motor. The pump body includes a first flange 15, a second flange 29, a first compression section, a second compression section, a partition plate (partition plate 3), and a crankshaft 21. The crankshaft 21 is sequentially sleeved on the motor rotor, the first flange 15, the first roller 22, the partition plate 3, the second roller 18, and the second flange 29. The first compression section includes a first cylinder 1, a first roller 22, and a first vane 23. The first roller 22 is sleeved on the crankshaft 21 and located inside the first cylinder 1. The first vane 23 is disposed in a vane groove of the first cylinder 1, one end of which abuts against the outer circle of the first roller 22, dividing the first cylinder 1 into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, and the other end communicates with the high pressure inside the housing. The second compression section includes a second cylinder 2, a second roller 18, and a second vane 4. The second roller 18 is sleeved on the crankshaft and located inside the second cylinder 2. The second vane 4 is disposed in the vane groove of the second cylinder 2, with one end abutting against the outer circle of the second roller 18, dividing the first cylinder 1 into an intake chamber and a compression chamber. The other end is surrounded by a partition plate, a second flange 29, and the second cylinder 2 to form a variable-volume chamber isolated from the high pressure inside the housing. The partition plate is located between the first and second compression sections. The refrigerant passes through the liquid separator intake port, the first intake port 19, and the second intake port 20 through the housing and communicates with the intake ports of the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 respectively (the two cylinders are preferably connected in parallel).

[0092] The second compression assembly operates as follows: When high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the variable-capacity cavity through the variable-capacity port, the second vane 4 abuts against the second roller 18. Driven by the motor rotor, the crankshaft simultaneously drives the first roller 22 and the second roller 18 to rotate. The first and second compression sections respectively draw in refrigerant, compress it, and discharge it into the housing and through the exhaust pipe.

[0093] The second compression assembly is in a stopped state: When low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the variable-capacity cavity through the variable-capacity port, the second vane 4 is pushed into the vane slot of the second cylinder 2 by the second roller 18. Driven by the motor rotor, the crankshaft simultaneously drives the first roller and the second roller 18 to rotate. The first compression section draws in refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it into the housing and out through the exhaust pipe. In the second compression section, the vane and roller are separated, and the process of drawing in refrigerant and compressing it cannot take place; at this time, the second compression section is not working.

[0094] The technical features of this invention are as follows: A variable-capacity structure: a second sliding plate, a middle partition plate, a second cylinder, and a second flange form a cavity isolated from the high pressure inside the housing by the second sliding plate on the side away from the second roller. An elastic element and a pin valve are sequentially arranged directly below the second sliding plate, and are located inside the second flange. A cover plate is provided on the side of the second flange away from the second cylinder. A high-pressure inlet hole is provided on the cover plate below the elastic element, allowing the high pressure inside the housing to be introduced into the pin valve near the cover plate. A second flange pressure relief hole is provided on the side wall of the second flange hole, connecting the pressure inside the housing with the second flange hole.

[0095] High-pressure fluid relief channel: An elastic element and a pin valve are slidably mounted on the second flange located below the second sliding plate. The elastic element is located on the protrusion of the pin valve and has the force to push the pin valve away from the second sliding plate. The pin valve includes a protrusion, a sealing part, an axial pressure relief hole, a lateral pressure relief hole, and an annular groove. The protrusion is close to the second sliding plate and is in the pressure environment of the variable volume cavity. The sealing part is close to the cover plate and forms a movable sealing fit with the hole on the lower flange. Its fit with the hole on the lower flange prevents the fluid in the high-pressure inlet hole on the cover plate from leaking into the variable volume cavity. The annular groove divides the outer circular surface of the sealing part into two parts. Multiple lateral pressure relief holes are provided between the annular grooves, connecting the annular grooves with the axial pressure relief holes. The axial pressure relief hole, the lateral pressure relief hole, the annular groove, and the pressure relief hole of the second flange together constitute the high-pressure fluid relief channel.

[0096] The pin valve has two position states: the pin valve protrusion is in contact with the second slide plate, and the pin valve protrusion is separated from the second slide plate and in contact with the cover plate.

[0097] The pin valve protrusion abuts against the second slide plate in the following state: from the variable displacement component ( Figure 2 Low-pressure fluid (pressure equal to the suction pressure) is introduced into the variable displacement chamber through the variable displacement channel of the second cylinder. The pressure on the side of the second slide plate near the variable displacement chamber is equal to the pressure on the side of the second slide plate away from the variable displacement chamber. Under the action of the second roller, the second slide plate is pushed into the slide plate groove of the second cylinder and then separates from the second roller. At the same time, the pressure near the sealing part of the pin valve is greater than the pressure near the protrusion. Therefore, under the action of pressure, the pin valve overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element and moves towards the second slide plate until the protrusion of the pin valve abuts against the second slide plate. At this time, the second slide plate is constrained by the protrusion of the pin valve within the slide plate groove of the second cylinder. The annular groove of the pin valve is disconnected from the pressure relief hole of the second flange, and the high-pressure fluid pressure relief channel is closed. Figure 4 As shown.

[0098] The pin valve protrusion is separated from the second sliding plate and abuts against the cover plate: from the variable displacement component ( Figure 2High-pressure fluid (exhaust pressure) is introduced into the variable displacement cavity through the variable displacement channel of the second cylinder. The pressure near the protrusion of the pin valve is equal to the pressure near the sealing part, and the pressure becomes 0. Therefore, under the action of the elastic element, the pin valve moves towards the cover plate, causing the protrusion of the pin valve to separate from the second sliding plate until the sealing part of the pin valve abuts against the cover plate. At the same time, the pressure on the side of the second sliding plate near the variable displacement cavity is greater than the pressure on the side of the second sliding plate away from the variable displacement cavity. Under the action of pressure, the second sliding plate moves towards the second roller until it abuts against the outer circle of the second roller and then follows the movement of the second roller. Under normal circumstances, the fluid entering the variable displacement cavity from the variable displacement component through the variable displacement channel of the second cylinder is gaseous refrigerant. When the second sliding plate moves back and forth in the variable displacement cavity, the periodic change of the space in the variable displacement cavity causes the pressure in the cavity to fluctuate periodically. When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity decreases to the point that the pressure on the pin valve is sufficient to overcome the elastic element, the pin valve will move towards the second sliding plate under the action of pressure, and may even cause the protrusion of the pin valve to abut against the second sliding plate, affecting the normal operation of the second sliding plate. To avoid this situation, when the pin valve seal is in contact with the cover plate, the elastic force of the elastic element should be greater than the minimum pressure in the variable displacement cavity. Experiments have verified that when the fluid flowing into the variable displacement cavity is high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the pressure inside the cavity is at most 0.1 MPa lower than the pressure inside the casing. Assuming the cross-sectional area of ​​the pin valve seal is S (mm²), and the spring force when the pin valve seal is in contact with the cover plate is F, then the spring force should satisfy the relationship: F ​​> 0.1 * S.

[0099] When the pressure inside the variable displacement chamber increases to the point where the pressure on the pin valve cannot overcome the elastic force of the elastic element, causing the pin valve sealing part to abut or nearly abut against the cover plate, the annular groove of the pin valve connects with the pressure relief channel of the second flange. The variable displacement chamber then connects with the high-pressure environment inside the housing via the high-pressure fluid pressure relief channel. When the pressure in the variable displacement chamber is higher than the pressure inside the housing, the fluid in the variable displacement chamber can be discharged into the housing via the high-pressure fluid pressure relief channel. This way, even under extreme operating conditions, such as when the compressor is stationary for a long time and a large amount of refrigerant liquefies, a large amount of high-pressure liquid fluid is guided from the variable displacement component through the second cylinder variable displacement channel into the variable displacement chamber. When the second vane retracts into the second cylinder vane slot, causing a sharp increase in pressure inside the variable displacement chamber, the high-pressure liquid fluid can be discharged into the housing via the high-pressure fluid pressure relief channel to prevent a sharp increase in pressure inside the variable displacement chamber. Figure 5 As shown.

[0100] The present invention also provides an air conditioner comprising the aforementioned variable capacity compressor.

[0101] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0102] This invention proposes an innovative two-stage compressor structure, which achieves the following beneficial effects by setting a pressure relief structure in the intermediate pressure chamber:

[0103] 1. This invention overcomes the noise and vibration issues that occur when a variable capacity compressor is started after being left to stand at low temperatures for a long time; and it can also avoid vibrations caused by flutter during the pressure relief process, thus achieving stable pressure relief.

[0104] 2. This invention also avoids introducing cylinder pressure as back pressure, which would cause fluid in the housing to flow back into the variable volume chamber, thus ensuring the accuracy of pressure relief and achieving stable pressure relief;

[0105] 3. To achieve dynamic pressure relief between the intermediate chamber pressure and the shell pressure, when the two-stage (enthalpy-increasing) compressor and the system using it are left stagnant in a low-temperature environment for a long time, or when the system load changes significantly or the evaporator heat exchange is poor, the intermediate pressure chamber pressure will rise suddenly due to liquid slugging. This will allow for timely pressure relief to avoid overpressure tripping of the secondary compression chamber, thereby achieving precise tripping protection for the compressor and system and ensuring stable system operation.

[0106] 4. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to implement. It does not require additional piping and control valve components, and the system piping layout does not need to be changed. The manufacturing cost is low. At the same time, changes to the wall system piping layout will not affect the overall heating performance and system reliability. It reduces the manufacturing cost of the compressor and avoids the impact on the overall heating performance and system reliability due to the complexity of the piping layout.

[0107] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features and embodiments of the above-described methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0108] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable displacement compressor, characterized in that: include: The second cylinder (2) and the second flange (29) are provided with a second sliding plate (4) and a variable displacement cavity (5). The tail of the second sliding plate (4) is connected to the variable displacement cavity (5). The second flange (29) is connected to one axial end of the second cylinder (2). A pin hole (7) is provided on the second flange (29), and a pin valve (10) is provided in the pin hole (7). One end of the pin hole (7) is connected to the variable displacement cavity (5), so that one end of the pin valve (10) can withstand the pressure in the variable displacement cavity (5), and the other end of the pin valve (10) can introduce the pressure in the housing chamber (9) of the compressor as back pressure. A first pressure relief channel is provided inside the pin valve (10). (6) A second pressure relief channel (8) is provided on the second flange (29). When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity (5) is greater than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity (5) can be connected to the first pressure relief channel (6) and the second pressure relief channel (8) in sequence to relieve the fluid in the variable displacement cavity (5) to the shell chamber (9). When the pressure in the variable displacement cavity (5) is less than the preset pressure, the variable displacement cavity (5) is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel (6) and the second pressure relief channel (8).

2. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure relief channel (6) extends from one end of the pin valve (10) toward the interior of the pin valve (10), and the second pressure relief channel (8) extends from the outer peripheral wall of the second flange (29) toward the interior of the second flange (29) to communicate with the pin hole (7).

3. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cover plate (26), on which a back pressure channel (13) is provided. The pin valve (10) includes a first end (11) and a second end (12) facing away from each other. The first end (11) is opposite to the variable volume cavity (5) so as to withstand the pressure of the variable volume cavity (5), and the second end (12) is opposite to the back pressure channel (13) so as to withstand the pressure of the shell chamber (9). One end of the back pressure channel (13) is connected to the pin hole (7), and the other end of the back pressure channel (13) is connected to the housing chamber (9) so that the pressure in the housing chamber (9) can be introduced into the pin hole (7) and act on the second end (12) of the pin valve (10).

4. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pin valve (10) is also provided with a third pressure relief channel (14), which extends from the outer peripheral wall of the pin valve (10) toward the interior of the pin valve (10) and communicates with the first pressure relief channel (6); When the pin valve (10) moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel (14) is not opposite to the second pressure relief channel (8), the variable displacement cavity (5) is disconnected from the first pressure relief channel (6) and the second pressure relief channel (8); When the pin valve (10) moves to the point where the third pressure relief channel (14) is opposite to and connected to the second pressure relief channel (8), the first end (11) of the pin valve (10) is not connected to the second slide plate (4), and the variable displacement cavity (5) can be connected to the first pressure relief channel (6), the third pressure relief channel (14) and the second pressure relief channel (8) in sequence.

5. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pin valve (10) has a columnar structure. The first pressure relief channel (6) extends along the axial direction of the pin valve (10), and the third pressure relief channel (14) extends along the radial direction of the pin valve (10). There are multiple third pressure relief channels (14), and the multiple third pressure relief channels (14) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the pin valve (10). The outer peripheral wall of the pin valve (10) is also provided with an annular groove (24), which is connected to and communicates with the radial outer ends of the plurality of third pressure relief channels (14).

6. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pin valve (10) includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment. The outer diameter of the first shaft segment is smaller than that of the second shaft segment. A first step surface (31) is formed at the junction of the outer periphery of the first shaft segment and the outer periphery of the second shaft segment. An elastic element (25) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first shaft segment. One end of the elastic element (25) is connected to the first step surface (31). The pin hole (7) includes a first section hole and a second section hole connected along its axial direction. The first section hole is closer to the second cylinder (2) than the second section hole. The inner diameter of the first section hole is smaller than that of the second section hole, so as to form a second step surface (32) at the junction of the two. The other end of the elastic element (25) is connected to the second step surface (32), so that the elastic element (25) can apply an elastic force to the pin valve (10) in the direction of the cover plate (26).

7. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second cylinder (2) is also provided with a variable displacement port (16) and a connecting channel (17). The variable displacement port (16) is opened from the radial outer end of the second cylinder (2) toward the inside. The variable displacement port (16) and the variable displacement cavity (5) are located at different circumferential positions on the second cylinder (2). The variable displacement port (16) and the variable displacement cavity (5) are connected through the connecting channel (17). The variable displacement port (16) can access different pressures outside the variable displacement compressor so that the pin valve (10) is connected to the second sliding vane (4). At this time, the second sliding vane (4) is not connected to the second roller (18), or the pin valve (10) is not connected to the second sliding vane (4) to relieve pressure on the variable displacement cavity (5). At this time, the second sliding vane (4) is connected to the second roller (18).

8. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the pin valve (10) is connected to the second slide plate (4), the pin valve (10) closes the connection between the first pressure relief channel (6) and the second pressure relief channel (8); when the pin valve (10) is not connected to the second slide plate (4) and moves to the point where the second pressure relief channel (8) is connected to the third pressure relief channel (14), the pin valve (10) opens the connection between the first pressure relief channel (6) and the second pressure relief channel (8), so that the variable displacement cavity (5) releases fluid to the compressor housing chamber (9) through the first pressure relief channel (6), the third pressure relief channel (14) and the second pressure relief channel (8).

9. The variable displacement compressor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second cylinder (2) is located at the upper end of the second flange (29). The upper end of the pin valve (10) is the first end (11) so as to withstand the downward pressure F1 in the variable displacement cavity (5). The lower end of the pin valve (10) is the second end (12). The second end (12) can withstand the upward pressure F2 applied to it in the back pressure channel (13). The pressure in the back pressure channel (13) is equal to the pressure in the housing chamber (9). When an elastic element (25) is also included, the pin valve (10) also withstands the downward elastic force G applied to it by the elastic element (25). When the force on the pin valve (10) is F1+G<F2, the pin valve (10) can move upward to connect with the second slide plate (4), lock the second slide plate (4), and close the connection between the variable displacement cavity (5) and the shell chamber (9) through the pin valve (10); when the force on the pin valve (10) is F1+G>F2, the pin valve (10) can move downward to connect the second pressure relief channel (8) and the third pressure relief channel (14), open the connection between the variable displacement cavity (5) and the shell chamber (9) through the pin valve (10), so that the variable displacement cavity (5) releases gas and fluid pressure into the shell chamber (9) through the first pressure relief channel (6), the third pressure relief channel (14) and the second pressure relief channel (8).

10. An air conditioner, characterized in that, The variable displacement compressor includes any one of claims 1-9.

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