Operation execution method and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an operation execution method and communication equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the operation execution method comprises the steps that first communication equipment executes first operation, and the first operation comprises at least one of the following items: sending a first message to third communication equipment, and receiving a second message from second communication equipment; wherein the first message comprises at least one of the following items: first information, and the first information is used for indicating that the first communication equipment does not support any event or the first communication equipment only supports the first event; second information; first indication information; the second message comprises at least one of the following items: second information; the third information is used for indicating that the second communication equipment does not request or does not support any event, or the second communication equipment only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information; wherein the second information is used for indicating at least one event, and the first event meets at least one of the following items: a null event or a false event; the event does not indicate any event.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an operating device method, a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device. Background Technology

[0002] With the integration of communication networks and artificial intelligence technologies, in order to support the training of artificial intelligence or machine learning positioning models based on communication devices with Location Management Function (LMF), consumers can obtain model information of positioning models from communication devices that include Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) with a metric transfer learning framework.

[0003] In related technologies, a pressing issue is how to register the NWDAF (Network Repository Function) with communication devices that support the training of LMF-based artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) localization models, especially when it includes a metric transfer learning framework. Conversely, how consumers can obtain LMF-based AI or ML-based localization models from NWDAFs that incorporate metric transfer learning frameworks is also a crucial problem to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an operation execution method and a communication device that enables NWDAF, which includes a metric transfer learning framework, to register when only training of AI or ML localization models based on LMF is supported, i.e., when the registration information of the communication device does not include an event identifier.

[0005] In a first aspect, an operation execution method is provided, executed by a first communication device, the method comprising: the first communication device performing a first operation, the first operation including at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device, and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, the first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information, the first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information, the third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or, the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, the second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein the second information indicates at least one event, the first event satisfying at least one of the following: being an empty event or a spurious event; being an event that does not indicate any event.

[0006] In a second aspect, an information transmission method is provided, executed by a second communication device, the method comprising: the second communication device sending a second message to a first communication device, the second message including at least one of the following: second information, the second information indicating at least one event; third information, the third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports a first event; second indication information, the second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests a first function; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a spurious event; is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0007] Thirdly, an operation execution method is provided, executed by a third communication device, the method comprising: the third communication device receiving a first message from a first communication device; the third communication device performing a third operation based on the first message: wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information indicating at least one event; first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function; the third operation includes at least one of the following: determining that the first communication device only supports the first function; determining that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event; determining that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: being an empty event or a spurious event; or being an event that does not indicate any event.

[0008] Fourthly, an operation execution apparatus is provided, executed by a first communication device. The apparatus includes: an execution module for performing a first operation, the first operation including at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device, and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein the second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: an empty event or a spurious event; or an event that does not indicate any event.

[0009] Fifthly, an information transmission apparatus is provided, executed by a second communication device, the apparatus comprising: a sending module; the sending module being configured to send a second message to a first communication device, the second message comprising at least one of the following: second information indicating at least one event; third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports a first event; second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests a first function; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a false event; is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0010] A sixth aspect provides an operation execution apparatus, executed by a third communication device, the apparatus comprising: a receiving module and an execution module; the receiving module being configured to receive a first message from a first communication device; the execution module being configured to perform a third operation based on the first message: wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information indicating at least one event; first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function; the third operation includes at least one of the following: determining that the first communication device only supports the first function; determining that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event; determining that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: being an empty event or a spurious event; or being an event that does not indicate any event.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, an operation execution apparatus is provided, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0012] Eighthly, a communication device is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0013] A ninth aspect provides a first communication device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to perform a first operation, the first operation including at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device, and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, the first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information, the first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information, the third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, the second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein the second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: an empty event or a spurious event; an event that does not indicate any event.

[0014] In a tenth aspect, a second communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send a second message to a first communication device, the second message including at least one of the following: second information, the second information indicating at least one event; third information, the third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports a first event; second indication information, the second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests a first function; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a spurious event; is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0015] Eleventhly, a third communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to receive a first message from a first communication device; the processor is configured to perform a third operation based on the first message: wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information, which indicates at least one event; first indication information, which indicates that the first communication device supports a first function; the third operation includes at least one of the following: determining that the first communication device only supports the first function; determining that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event; determining that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event; wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: being an empty event or a spurious event; or being an event that does not indicate any event.

[0016] In a twelfth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device, wherein the first communication device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second communication device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect, and the third communication device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0018] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0019] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0020] In this embodiment, a first communication device performs a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information, which indicates that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information, which indicates that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, which indicates that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein the second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a spurious event; is an event that does not indicate any event. In this solution, the first communication device sends a spurious event or an empty event and indication information to the third communication device to perform an operation on the second communication device, so that even if the first communication device only supports the first function or the first event, it can still register with the third communication device. Simultaneously, the first communication device analyzes the functions without event identifiers and empty or false events requested by the second communication device in the received second message, and sends the required data information to the second communication device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a possible structural diagram of the communication system involved in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an operation execution method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of information interaction between communication devices provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an operation execution method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of information interaction between communication devices provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an operation execution device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an information transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an operation execution device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a network-side device structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0035] The following explains the technical terms used in the embodiments of this application:

[0036] An event refers to statistical and predictive information used for a specific task or scenario. It can be statistical information from past events or predictive information. For example, when an event is identified as location accuracy analytics, it can indicate the accuracy of the event used to provide the Quality of Service (QoS) for the user's current location (LCS).

[0037] It should be noted that an event can sometimes also be called a task, analytics, data analysis, or data analysis task, all of which express the same meaning.

[0038] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0039] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game consoles, personal computers (PCs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (AS), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical terminology. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a base station in an NR system as an example for description and does not limit the specific type of base station.

[0040] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), and Binding Support Function. Support Functions (BSF), Application Functions (AF), Location Management Functions (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centres (GMLC), and Network Data Analytics Functions (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses core network equipment in the NR system as an example and does not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in this application embodiment changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it will still be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0042] In related technologies, to support AI or machine learning localization model functionality based on LMF, LMF can train its own machine learning model or obtain ML model information from a framework including the metric transfer learning framework NWDAF. The process by which LMF obtains ML model information from NWDAF is summarized as follows:

[0043] If the NWDAF framework supports LMF-based AI or machine learning localization model functionality, then the NWDAF framework needs to be registered with the NRF and provide an indication that it supports LMF-based AI / ML localization model training functionality during registration.

[0044] After successful registration of the NWDAF (Numerical Measure Transfer Learning) framework, if the LMF (Label Model) discovers an NWDAF through the NRF (Network RF), the LMF will send a request to the NRF requesting model information that supports the AI / ML localization model training function based on LMF, including an indication that it supports LMF's AI / ML localization model training function. The NWDAF will then return to the LMF the model information generated by the NWDAF that supports the AI / ML localization model training function based on LMF.

[0045] Upon discovering a metric transfer learning framework, NWDAF, that supports model training for AI / ML localization based on LMF, LMF can request and retrieve model information from NWDAF. In this case, LMF needs to call NWDAF's Machine Learning Model Provision Subscription service interface (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe) and retrieve the model information from NWDAF's Machine Learning Model Provision Notification service interface (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Notify). Alternatively, LMF can also call NWDAF's Machine Learning Model Information Request service interface (Nnwdaf_MLModelInfo_Request) to obtain the model information.

[0046] The above process can be summarized as follows:

[0047] 1. Network element registration phase: NWDAF needs to provide supporting event identifiers. If not provided, NRF will assume that NWDAF supports all events (analytics); however, if NWDAF only supports the function of training the model and does not support any analytics, it only needs to provide an indication.

[0048] 2. Network Element Discovery Phase: When a consumer discovers an LMF (Light Element Filter), it sends a message carrying an analytics request to the NRF (Network Element Response Team). The NRF then provides the consumer with network element data of the NWDAF (Network Element Data Set) for which analytics are requested. If the request does not carry analytics, the NRF discovers the NWDAF based on other request parameters. Since the current requirement is that the LMF primarily requests support for model training, it can omit analytics entirely.

[0049] 3. Model interaction node: consumer. For example, when LMF sends Nnwdaf_MLModelInfo_Request or Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe to NWDAF to obtain a model, current related technologies must include an analytics event identifier. However, in the current requirement, LMF needs to request an AI-trained model from NWDAF, in which case it may not include analytics.

[0050] The following problems may arise during the above network element registration process:

[0051] Question 1: According to TS23288, the following information is required during the registration process in the NWDAF framework, which includes metric transfer learning:

[0052] When one or more trained ML models are available for one or more Analytics IDs, the Metric Transfer Learning Framework (NWDAF) should include the Analytics IDs supported by each service when registering with the NRF. The NWDAF may wait to register the aforementioned services with the NRF until at least one trained model is available. The NWDAF may provide the NRF with a list of Analytics IDs corresponding to the trained ML models and may provide ML model filter information (if any) for the trained ML models for each Analytics ID. In this version of the specification, during NWDAF registration, only the S-NSSAI and Region of Interest from the ML model filter information of the trained ML models for each Analytics ID can be registered with the NRF. If the NWDAF supports ML model interoperability, it includes an ML model interoperability indicator for each Analytics ID when registering with the NRF.

[0053] So, if an NWDAF only supports AI / ML localization model training but not any analytics, how should the NWDAF be registered with the NRF? Specifically, does the NWDAF need to provide an analytics ID? Which analytics ID should be provided?

[0054] Question 2:

[0055] When a consumer calls the Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe API, it must provide event information, specifically the identifier of the called analytics. So, for NWDAF models that don't support analytics but do support AI / ML localization model training, how should the consumer call this interface? Specifically, does the consumer need to provide an analytics ID? And if so, which analytics ID should it provide?

[0056] On the other hand, according to current technology, when a consumer calls Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe, it can only provide either the Analytics ID or the indication. Therefore, how should a consumer provide both the AI / ML localization model training functionality and at least one analytics when it needs to request them from NWDAF simultaneously?

[0057] To address this, this application provides an operation execution method. A first communication device performs a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device. The first message includes at least one of the following: first information indicating that the first communication device does not support any event or only supports a first event; second information; and first indication information indicating that the first communication device supports a first function. The second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information indicating that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; and second indication information indicating that the second communication device requests the first function. The second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event. In this solution, the first communication device sends a spurious event or an empty event, and indication information to the third communication device to perform an operation on the second communication device, enabling the first communication device to register with the third communication device even when it only supports the first function or the first event. Simultaneously, the first communication device analyzes the functions without event identifiers and empty or false events requested by the second communication device in the received second message, and sends the required data information to the second communication device.

[0058] The operation execution method and communication device provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0059] The execution subject of the operation execution method provided in this embodiment can be an operation execution device, which can be a first communication device, or a network element, or a control module or processing module in the first communication device, etc. The following uses a first communication device as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0060] This application provides an operation execution method. Figure 2 A flowchart of an operation execution method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to a first communication device. Figure 2 As shown, the operation execution method provided in this application embodiment may include the following step 201.

[0061] Step 201: The first communication device performs the first operation.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the first operation described above includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device.

[0063] For example, the first communication device mentioned above may be an NWDAF network element that supports AI or ML model training functions.

[0064] For example, the second communication device described above may be an LMF network element with location management function.

[0065] For example, the aforementioned third communication device may be an NRF network element with network warehousing capabilities.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device to request registration, or request subscription, or update registration, or update subscription.

[0067] For example, the first message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0068] The first communication device requests registration with the third communication device;

[0069] The first communication device requests to subscribe in the third communication device;

[0070] The first communication device updates the registration in the third communication device;

[0071] The first communication device updates its subscription in the third communication device.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the first communication device receives a second message from the second communication device, which is used by the second communication device to request model information, or request event information, or update model information, or update event information from the first communication device.

[0073] For example, the second message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0074] The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device;

[0075] The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device;

[0076] The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device;

[0077] The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

[0078] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes at least one of the following: first information, second information, and first instruction information.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports the first event.

[0080] For example, the first event described above satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0081] For example, the event identifier of the aforementioned empty event or spurious event, or the first event, can be DUMMY_EVENT.

[0082] Understandably, by sending an empty or spoof event to the NRF, the NWDAF can indicate to the LMF that the NWDAF does not support arbitrary events in order to register correctly with the NRF.

[0083] Understandably, by sending a second message containing an empty event or a spurious event to the NWDAF, the LMF can instruct the NWDAF not to request arbitrary events, so that the LMF can correctly send the request to obtain the model and obtain the correct model information.

[0084] For example, the first event mentioned above can be added to the event identifier, namely:

[0085] Event Identifier (EventId):

[0086] any one of them (anyOf):

[0087] - Type: String

[0088] Enumeration (enum):

[0089] - Background loading (LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION)

[0090] - Network performance testing (NETWORK_PERFORMANCE)

[0091] ...

[0092] - Empty event or fake event (DUMMY_EVENT)

[0093] Wherein, DUMMY_EVENT is the first event.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the second information described above is used to indicate at least one event.

[0095] For example, at least one of the above events can be any of the following:

[0096] Load level information (LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION), network performance (NETWORK_PERFORMANCE), NF load (NF_LOAD), service experience (SERVICE_EXPERIENCE), UE mobility (UE_MOBILITY), UE communication (UE_COMMUNICATION), QoS sustainability (QOS_SUSTAINABILITY), aberrant behavior (ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR), user data congestion (USER_DATA_CONGESTION), and NSI load level (NSI_LOAD_LEVEL). ), SM congestion, dispersion, RED transfer rate, WLAN performance, DN performance, PDU session traffic, E2E data volume transfer time, movement behavior, location accuracy, and relative proximity.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, the first indication information described above is used to indicate that the first communication device supports the first function.

[0098] For example, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0099] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0100] The primary function is not events;

[0101] It is based on LMF for AI or ML model training.

[0102] For example, the above-mentioned first function satisfying the condition that the first function is not an event can be understood as meaning that the above-mentioned first function cannot be indicated by any of the following events:

[0103] LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION), NSI NSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0104] It should be noted that the descriptions of at least one event, the first event, and the first function involved in the embodiments of this application can all refer to the above descriptions, and will not be repeated below.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, the second message mentioned above includes at least one of the following: second information, third information, and second instruction information.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, the second information described above is used to indicate at least one event.

[0107] In some embodiments of this application, the aforementioned third information is used to instruct the second communication device not to request or support any event, or the second communication device to only request or support the first event.

[0108] In this embodiment of the application, the second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function.

[0109] In an operation execution method provided in this application embodiment, a first communication device performs a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information, which indicates that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information, which indicates that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, which indicates that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein the second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a spurious event; is an event that does not indicate any event. In this solution, the first communication device sends a spurious event or an empty event and indication information to the third communication device to perform an operation on the second communication device, so that even if the first communication device only supports the first function or the first event, it can still register with the third communication device. Simultaneously, the first communication device analyzes the functions without event identifiers and empty or false events requested by the second communication device in the received second message, and sends the required data information to the second communication device.

[0110] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, when the first operation includes sending a first message to a third communication device, i.e., in step 201 where the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, step 201 can be implemented by at least one of the following steps:

[0111] Step 201a: If the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device.

[0112] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes first information and first instruction information.

[0113] For example, when the NWDAF network element only supports the first function, the NWDAF network element sends an event identifier of an empty event or a spurious event, or an event identifier without event content, and an indication message indicating that the NWDAF network element only supports the first function to the NRF network element.

[0114] Step 201b: If the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes second information and first indication information;

[0115] Step 201c: If the first communication device does not support any event, or if the first communication device only supports the first event, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device.

[0116] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes first information.

[0117] For example, if the NWDAF network element does not support any event, or if the first communication device only supports the first event, the NWDAF network element sends the first information to the NRF network element to indicate that the NWDAF network element does not support any real event, that is, to send an event identifier of an empty event or a fake event.

[0118] For example, NWDAF only supports the first event, which can be understood as NWDAF not supporting arbitrary events. Since the event identifier must be carried when calling the existing API interface, this method can indicate to NRF that NWDAF does not support arbitrary events without changing the existing API interface.

[0119] Step 201d: If the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes first instruction information.

[0121] For example, when the NWDAF network element only supports the first function, the NWDAF network element sends an indication message to the NRF network element to indicate that the NWDAF network element only supports the first function.

[0122] Step 201e: If the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device.

[0123] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes first instruction information but does not include second information.

[0124] For example, when the NWDAF network element only supports the first function, the NWDAF network element does not send an event identifier for an empty event or a spurious event, or an event identifier without event content, to the NRF network element, but only sends an indication message to indicate that the NWDAF network element only supports the first function.

[0125] Thus, the first communication device can perform a registration or subscription operation in the third communication device even if the supported events or functions do not have an event identifier.

[0126] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, if the first operation includes receiving a second message from the second communication device, that is, in step 201 where the first communication device receives a second message from the second communication device, then step 201 can be specifically implemented by the following step 201f.

[0127] Step 201f: The first communication device performs the second operation based on the second message.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, the second operation described above includes at least one of the following:

[0129] Determine that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0130] It is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event;

[0131] Determine whether the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event;

[0132] Send model information to the second communication device.

[0133] For example, the above model information satisfies at least one of the following:

[0134] The model information is the model information corresponding to the first function;

[0135] The model information is an AI or ML localization model based on LMF.

[0136] It is understandable that the aforementioned model information could be the model information requested by the second communication device from the first communication device via a second message.

[0137] Specifically, step 201f above can be achieved through at least one of the following operations:

[0138] Operation 1: If the second message includes third information and second instruction information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0139] Operation 2: When the second message includes second information and second instruction information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event;

[0140] Operation 3: If the second message includes the third information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event.

[0141] Operation 4: If the second message includes the second instruction information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0142] Operation 5: If the second message includes the second instruction information but does not include the second information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function.

[0143] Understandably, through the second operation, the first communication device can correctly determine whether the second communication device supports the first function and whether it supports at least one event, so as to correctly send model information to the second communication device.

[0144] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0145] Unable to serve any event;

[0146] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0147] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0148] Understandably, the above "unable to serve" or "unable to support arbitrary event identifiers" means that the communication device cannot parse or recognize the event identifier of any event.

[0149] For example, the above-mentioned unsupported events include: not supporting any of the following events: LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION, NINSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0150] Thus, the first communication device can determine the data information corresponding to the event or function requested by the second communication device based on the content included in the second message. Since the event in the second message can be an empty event or a false event, the corresponding data information can be successfully obtained even if the second communication device only requests the first event or the first function.

[0151] The execution subject of the information transmission method provided in this embodiment can be an information transmission device, which can be a second communication device, or a network element, or a control module or processing module in the second communication device. The following description uses a second communication device as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0152] This application provides an information transmission method. Figure 3 A flowchart of an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to a second communication device. Figure 3 As shown, the information transmission method provided in this application embodiment may include the following step 301.

[0153] Step 301: The second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device.

[0154] In some embodiments of this application, the second message mentioned above includes at least one of the following: second information, third information, and second instruction information.

[0155] In some embodiments of this application, the second information described above is used to indicate at least one event.

[0156] In some embodiments of this application, the aforementioned third information is used to instruct the second communication device not to request or support any event, or the second communication device to only request or support the first event.

[0157] In some embodiments of this application, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0158] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0159] The primary function is not events;

[0160] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0161] For example, the above-mentioned first function satisfying the condition that the first function is not an event can be understood as meaning that the above-mentioned first function cannot be indicated by any of the following events:

[0162] LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION), NSI NSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0163] In some embodiments of this application, the second instruction information described above is used to instruct a second communication device to request a first function.

[0164] For example, the second message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0165] The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device;

[0166] The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device;

[0167] The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device;

[0168] The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

[0169] Understandably, by sending a second message containing an empty event or a spurious event to the NWDAF, the LMF can instruct the NWDAF not to request arbitrary events, so that the LMF can correctly send the request to obtain the model and obtain the correct model information.

[0170] In the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application, the second communication device requests the first event or the first function from the first communication device by sending a false event or an empty event, or by sending an indication message indicating a request for the first function, so that even if the first communication device only requests the first event or the first function, it can still request data information normally.

[0171] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above step 301 "the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device" can be implemented by at least one of the following steps.

[0172] Step 301a: If the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device.

[0173] In some embodiments of this application, the second message mentioned above includes third information and second instruction information.

[0174] For example, when an LMF network element only requests or only supports the first function, the LMF network element sends an event identifier of an empty event or a spurious event, or an event identifier without event content, and an indication message indicating that the LMF only requests the first function to the NWDAF network element.

[0175] Step 301b: In the event that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event, the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device.

[0176] In some embodiments of this application, the second message mentioned above includes second information and second instruction information.

[0177] For example, when an LMF network element requests or supports a first function and at least one event, the LMF network element sends an event identifier for at least one event to the NWDAF network element, as well as indication information for instructing the LMF to request only the first function.

[0178] Step 301c: If the second communication device does not request or support any event, or if the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event, the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device.

[0179] In some embodiments of this application, the second message mentioned above includes third information.

[0180] For example, if the LMF network element does not request or support any event, or if the second communication device only requests or supports the first event, the LMF network element only sends an event identifier of an empty event or a spurious event, or an event identifier without event content, to the NWDAF network element.

[0181] In some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0182] Unable to serve any event;

[0183] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0184] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0185] For example, the above-mentioned unsupported events include: not supporting any of the following events: LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION, NINSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0186] Step 301d: If the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes second instruction information.

[0187] For example, when the LMF network element only requests or only supports the first function, the LMF network element only sends an indication message to the NWDAF network element to indicate that the LMF only requests the first function.

[0188] Thus, the second communication device can send a corresponding first message to the first communication device when it only requests or supports the first function or the first event, to inform the first communication device of the function and event requested or supported by the second communication device, so that the first communication device can provide the second communication device with the required data information.

[0189] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation execution method provided in some embodiments of this application, taking an NWDAF network element as the first communication device and an LMF network element as the second communication device as an example. Figure 4 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an operation execution method that may include the following steps A1 to A3.

[0190] Step A1: The LMF network element sends a second message to the NWDAF network element.

[0191] Step A2: The NWDAF network element provides corresponding data information based on the second message, such as model information or event data.

[0192] Step A3: The NWDAF network element sends data information to the LMF network element.

[0193] In this way, the LMF network element can perform corresponding model inference operations or data analysis operations based on the data information obtained from the NWDAF network element.

[0194] The execution subject of the operation execution method provided in this embodiment can be an operation execution device, which can be a third communication device, or a network element, or a control module or processing module in the third communication device. The following description uses a third communication device as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0195] This application provides an operation execution method. Figure 5 A flowchart of an operation execution method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to a third communication device. Figure 5 As shown, the operation execution method provided in this application embodiment may include the following steps 401 and 402.

[0196] Step 401: The third communication device receives the first message from the first communication device.

[0197] In some embodiments of this application, the first message mentioned above includes at least one of the following: first information, second information, and first instruction information.

[0198] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports the first event.

[0199] For example, the first event described above satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0200] In some embodiments of this application, the second information described above is used to indicate at least one event.

[0201] For example, at least one of the events mentioned above is an event with an event identifier.

[0202] For example, at least one of the above events includes any of the following events:

[0203] LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION), NSI NSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0204] In some embodiments of this application, the first indication information described above is used to indicate that the first communication device supports the first function.

[0205] Understandably, by sending an empty event or a spoof event to the NRF, the NWDAF can indicate to the NRF that it does not support arbitrary events, so that it can register correctly with the NRF.

[0206] For example, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0207] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0208] The primary function is not events;

[0209] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0210] For example, the above-mentioned first function satisfying the condition that the first function is not an event can be understood as meaning that the above-mentioned first function cannot be indicated by any of the following events:

[0211] LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION), NSI NSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0212] Step 402: The third communication device performs the third operation based on the first message.

[0213] In some embodiments of this application, the third operation described above includes at least one of the following:

[0214] It is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function;

[0215] It is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event;

[0216] Determine that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event.

[0217] In some embodiments of this application, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0218] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0219] The primary function is not events;

[0220] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0221] It is understood that the relevant description of the first function can refer to the description of the first function in step 201, and will not be repeated here.

[0222] It is understandable that, through the third operation, the third communication device can correctly determine whether the first communication device supports the first function and whether it supports at least one event, so as to correctly register the first communication device.

[0223] In the operation execution method provided in the embodiments of this application, the third communication device performs a third operation based on the received first message. Since the first message does not carry any event identifier of a real event, the third communication device can register the first communication device if the first communication device only supports the first event or the first function.

[0224] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, step 402 above can be implemented by at least one of the following steps.

[0225] Step 402a: If the first message includes first information and first instruction information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function.

[0226] Step 402b: If the first message includes the second information and the first instruction information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event.

[0227] Step 402c: If the first message includes the first information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device does not support any event, or the first communication device only supports the first event.

[0228] Step 402d: If the first message includes the first instruction information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function.

[0229] Step 402e: If the first message includes first instruction information but does not include second information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function.

[0230] In some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0231] Unable to serve any event;

[0232] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0233] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0234] Understandably, the above "unable to serve" or "unable to support arbitrary event identifiers" means that the communication device cannot parse or recognize the event identifier of any event.

[0235] For example, the above-mentioned unsupported events include: not supporting any of the following events: LOAD_LEVEL_INFORMATION, NETWORK_PERFORMANCE, NF_LOAD, SERVICE_EXPERIENCE, UE_MOBILITY, UE_COMMUNICATION, QOS_SUSTAINABILITY, ABNORMAL_BEHAVIOUR, USER_DATA_CONGESTION, NINSI_LOAD_LEVEL, SM_CONGESTION, DISPERSION, RED_TRANS_EXP, WLAN_PERFORMANCE, DN_PERFORMANCE, PDU_SESSION_TRAFFIC, E2E_DATA_VOL_TRANS_TIME, MOVEMENT_BEHAVIOUR, LOC_ACCURACY, and RELATIVE_PROXIMITY.

[0236] In this way, when faced with the different contents contained in the first message, the third communication device can accurately analyze the events carried by the first communication device and the functions it has, thereby enabling the first communication device to successfully register in the third communication device.

[0237] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation execution method provided in some embodiments of this application, taking an NWDAF network element as the first communication device and an NRF network element as the third communication device as an example. Figure 6 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide operation execution methods that may include steps B1 to B3.

[0238] Step B1: The NWDAF network element sends the first message to the NRF network element.

[0239] Step B2: The NRF network element registers the NWDAF network element according to the first message, that is, it stores the relevant information of the NWDAF network element in the NRF network element.

[0240] Step B3: The NRF network element returns a registration success message to the NWDAF network element.

[0241] Thus, registration is successfully performed in the NRF network element when the NWDAF network element only supports the first event or the first function.

[0242] The operation execution method provided in this application can be executed by an operation execution device. This application uses an operation execution device executing the operation execution method as an example to illustrate the operation execution device provided in this application.

[0243] This application provides an operation execution device. As an example, the operation execution device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be an NWDAF network element, an LMF network element, or an NRF network element, etc.

[0244] The operation execution device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0245] For details, see Figure 7 When the operation execution device is a first communication device or a component of the first communication device, the operation execution device 500 includes an execution module 501.

[0246] The execution module 501 is configured to perform a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; and first indication information, which indicates that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following:

[0247] Second information; third information, the third information being used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein, the second information is used to indicate at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a false event; is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0248] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0249] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0250] The primary function is not events;

[0251] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0252] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the execution module 501 sends a first message to the third communication device, including at least one of the following:

[0253] When the first communication device only supports the first function, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first information and first indication information;

[0254] If the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes second information and first indication information;

[0255] If the first communication device does not support any event, or if the first communication device only supports the first event, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first information;

[0256] When the first communication device only supports the first function, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first indication information;

[0257] When the first communication device only supports the first function, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first indication information but does not include second information.

[0258] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0259] The first communication device requests registration with the third communication device;

[0260] The first communication device requests to subscribe in the third communication device;

[0261] The first communication device updates the registration in the third communication device;

[0262] The first communication device updates its subscription in the third communication device.

[0263] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, when the first operation includes receiving a second message from a second communication device, the execution module 501 is further configured to perform a second operation based on the second message, the second operation including at least one of the following:

[0264] Determine that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0265] It is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event;

[0266] Determine whether the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event;

[0267] Send model information to the second communication device.

[0268] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the execution module 501 performs a second operation based on the second message, including at least one of the following:

[0269] If the second message includes third information and second instruction information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0270] In cases where the second message includes second information and second instruction information, it is determined that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event;

[0271] If the second message includes the third information, it is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event;

[0272] If the second message includes the second instruction information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function;

[0273] If the second message includes the second instruction information but does not include the second information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function.

[0274] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the second message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0275] The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device;

[0276] The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device;

[0277] The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device;

[0278] The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

[0279] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0280] Unable to serve any event;

[0281] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0282] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0283] In the operation execution device provided in this application embodiment, the operation execution device performs a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device; wherein, the first message includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports a first event; second information; first indication information, which indicates that the first communication device supports a first function; the second message includes at least one of the following: second information; third information, which indicates that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; second indication information, which indicates that the second communication device requests the first function; wherein, the second information indicates at least one event, and the first event satisfies at least one of the following: is an empty event or a spurious event; is an event that does not indicate any event. In this solution, the operation execution device sends a spurious event or an empty event and indication information to the third communication device to perform an operation on the second communication device, so that even if the operation execution device only supports the first function or the first event, it can still register in the third communication device. Simultaneously, the operation execution device analyzes the functions without event identifiers and empty or false events requested by the second communication device in the received second message, and sends the required data information to the second communication device.

[0284] For details, see Figure 8 When the information transmission device is a second communication device or a component of a second communication device, the information transmission device 600 includes a transmission module 601.

[0285] The sending module 601 is used to send a second message to the first communication device.

[0286] The second message includes at least one of the following:

[0287] The second information is used to indicate at least one event;

[0288] The third information is used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports the first event;

[0289] The second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function;

[0290] The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0291] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0292] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0293] The primary function is not events;

[0294] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0295] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the sending module 601 sends a second message to the first communication device, including at least one of the following:

[0296] If the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, a second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes third information and second instruction information;

[0297] In the event that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and at least one event, a second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes second information and second indication information;

[0298] If the second communication device does not request or support any event, or if the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event, a second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes third information;

[0299] If the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, it sends a second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes second instruction information.

[0300] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the second message described above is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0301] The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device;

[0302] The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device;

[0303] The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device;

[0304] The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

[0305] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0306] Unable to serve any event;

[0307] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0308] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0309] In the information transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application, the information transmission device requests a first event or a first function from the first communication device by sending a false event or a blank event to the first communication device, or by sending an instruction message indicating a request for a first function, so that even if the first communication device only requests the first event or the first function, it can still request data information normally.

[0310] For details, see Figure 9 When the operation execution device is a third communication device or a component of a third communication device, the operation execution device 700 includes a receiving module 701 and an execution module 702.

[0311] The receiving module 701 is used to receive a first message from the first communication device.

[0312] The aforementioned execution module 702 is used to perform a third operation based on the first message:

[0313] The first message includes at least one of the following:

[0314] The first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or that the first communication device only supports the first event.

[0315] The second information is used to indicate at least one event;

[0316] The first instruction information is used to instruct the first communication device to support the first function;

[0317] The third operation includes at least one of the following:

[0318] It is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function;

[0319] It is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event;

[0320] Determine that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event;

[0321] The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

[0322] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first function described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0323] The first function does not have an event identifier;

[0324] The primary function is not events;

[0325] The primary function is training AI or ML models based on LMF.

[0326] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the execution module 702 performs a third operation based on the first message, including at least one of the following:

[0327] If the first message includes first information and first instruction information, it is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function;

[0328] If the first message includes the second information and the first instruction information, it is determined that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event;

[0329] If the first message includes the first information, it is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or the first communication device only supports the first event;

[0330] If the first message includes the first instruction information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function;

[0331] If the first message includes first instruction information but does not include second information, it is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function.

[0332] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first message described above satisfies at least one of the following:

[0333] The first communication device requests registration with the third communication device;

[0334] The first communication device requests to subscribe in the third communication device;

[0335] The first communication device updates the registration in the third communication device;

[0336] The first communication device updates its subscription in the third communication device.

[0337] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned lack of support for arbitrary events includes at least one of the following:

[0338] Unable to serve any event;

[0339] Unable to serve any event identifier;

[0340] Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

[0341] In the operation execution device provided in the embodiments of this application, the operation execution device performs a third operation according to the received first message. Since the first message does not carry any event identifier of a real event, the operation execution device can perform registration on the first communication device when the first communication device only supports the first event or the first function.

[0342] The operation execution device provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the operation execution method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0343] like Figure 10 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a communication device 800, including a processor 801 and a memory 802. The memory 802 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 801. For example, when the communication device 800 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 801 implement the various steps of the above-described operation execution method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 800 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 801 implement the various steps of the above-described operation execution method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0344] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the operation execution method embodiment. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described communication device-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0345] The example also provides a network-side device. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the network-side device 900 includes a processor 901, a network interface 902, and a memory 903. This network-side device can be an operation execution device. The network interface 902 is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0346] Specifically, the network-side device 900 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 903 and executable on processor 901. The processor 901 calls the instructions or programs in memory 903 to execute the methods executed by each module of the operation execution device and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0347] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described operation execution method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0348] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0349] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described operation execution method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0350] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0351] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described operation execution method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0352] This application also provides a communication device system, including: a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device. The first communication device can be used to perform the steps of the operation execution method described above, the second communication device can be used to perform the steps of the information transmission method described above, and the third communication device can be used to perform the steps of the operation execution method described above.

[0353] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0354] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0355] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An operation execution method, characterized in that, include: The first communication device performs a first operation, which includes at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device and receiving a second message from a second communication device; The first message includes at least one of the following: First information, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports the first event; Second information; First indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first communication device supports a first function; The second message includes at least one of the following: Second information; The third information is used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; The second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function; The second information is used to indicate at least one event, wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a false event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first function satisfies at least one of the following: The first function does not have an event identifier; The first function is not an event; The first function is to train an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) model based on the location management function communication device LMF.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, including at least one of the following: When the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first information and first indication information; When the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes the second information and the first indication information; If the first communication device does not support any event, or if the first communication device only supports the first event, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes the first information; When the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends the first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes the first indication information; When the first communication device only supports the first function, the first communication device sends a first message to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first indication information but does not include the second information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first message is used to indicate at least one of the following: The first communication device requests to register with the third communication device; The first communication device requests to subscribe in the third communication device; The first communication device updates the registration in the third communication device; The first communication device updates its subscription in the third communication device.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the first operation includes receiving a second message from a second communication device, the method further includes: The first communication device performs a second operation based on the second message, the second operation including at least one of the following: It is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; It is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; Determine whether the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event; Send model information to the second communication device.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first communication device performs a second operation based on the second message, including at least one of the following: If the second message includes the third information and the second indication information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; When the second message includes the second information and the second indication information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event; If the second message includes the third information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; If the second message includes the second indication information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; If the second message includes the second instruction information but does not include the second information, the first communication device determines that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, or 6, characterized in that, The second message is used to indicate at least one of the following: The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device; The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device; The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device; The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The statement that arbitrary events are not supported includes at least one of the following: Unable to serve any event; Unable to serve any event identifier; Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

9. An information transmission method, characterized in that, include: The second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device. The second message includes at least one of the following: The second information is used to indicate at least one event; The third information is used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports the first event; The second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function; The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first function satisfies at least one of the following: The first function does not have an event identifier; The first function is not an event; The first function is to train AI or ML models based on LMF.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second communication device sends a second message to the first communication device, including at least one of the following: When the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second communication device sends the second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the third information and the second indication information; When the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event, the second communication device sends the second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the second information and the second indication information; If the second communication device does not request or support any event, or if the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event, the second communication device sends the second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the third information; When the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second communication device sends the second message to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the second indication information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The second message is used to indicate at least one of the following: The second communication device requests a model from the first communication device; The second communication device requests an event from the first communication device; The second communication device updates the model in the first communication device; The second communication device updates the events in the first communication device.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that, The statement that arbitrary events are not supported includes at least one of the following: Unable to serve any event; Unable to serve any event identifier; Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

14. An operation execution method, characterized in that, include: The third communication device receives the first message from the first communication device; The third communication device performs a third operation based on the first message: The first message includes at least one of the following: First information, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports the first event; The second information is used to indicate at least one event; First indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first communication device supports a first function; The third operation includes at least one of the following: It is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function; It is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event; Determine that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event; The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first function satisfies at least one of the following: The first function does not have an event identifier; The first function is not an event; The first function is to train AI or ML models based on LMF.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The third communication device performs a third operation based on the first message, including at least one of the following: If the first message includes the first information and the first indication information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function; If the first message includes the second information and the first indication information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device supports the first function and the at least one event; If the first message includes the first information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event. If the first message includes the first indication information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function; If the first message includes the first indication information but does not include the second information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The first message satisfies at least one of the following: The first communication device requests to register with the third communication device; The first communication device requests to subscribe in the third communication device; The first communication device updates the registration in the third communication device; The first communication device updates its subscription in the third communication device.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that, The statement that arbitrary events are not supported includes at least one of the following: Unable to serve any event; Unable to serve any event identifier; Arbitrary event identifiers are not supported.

19. An operation execution device, characterized in that, include: Execution module; The execution module is configured to perform a first operation, the first operation including at least one of the following: sending a first message to a third communication device, and receiving a second message from a second communication device; The first message includes at least one of the following: First information, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports the first event; Second information; First indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first communication device supports a first function; The second message includes at least one of the following: Second information; The third information is used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; The second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function; The second information is used to indicate at least one event, wherein the first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a false event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The execution module sends a first message to the third communication device, including at least one of the following: When the first communication device only supports the first function, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first information and first indication information; If the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes the second information and the first indication information; If the first communication device does not support any event, or if the first communication device only supports the first event, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes the first information; The first message is sent to the third communication device when the first communication device only supports the first function, wherein the first message includes the first indication information; If the first communication device only supports the first function, a first message is sent to the third communication device, wherein the first message includes first indication information but does not include the second information.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, If the first operation includes receiving a second message from a second communication device, the execution module is further configured to perform a second operation based on the second message, the second operation including at least one of the following: It is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; It is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; Determine whether the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event; Send model information to the second communication device.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that, The execution module performs a second operation based on the second message, including at least one of the following: If the second message includes the third information and the second indication information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; When the second message includes the second information and the second indication information, it is determined that the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event; If the second message includes the third information, it is determined that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event; If the second message includes the second indication information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function; If the second message includes the second indication information but does not include the second information, it is determined that the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function.

23. An information transmission device, characterized in that, include: Sending module; The sending module is used to send a second message to the first communication device. The second message includes at least one of the following: The second information is used to indicate at least one event; The third information is used to indicate that the second communication device does not request or support any event, or that the second communication device only requests or supports the first event; The second instruction information is used to instruct the second communication device to request the first function; The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The sending module sends a second message to the first communication device, including at least one of the following: When the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the third information and the second indication information; When the second communication device requests or supports the first function and the at least one event, the second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the second information and the second indication information; If the second communication device does not request or support any event, or if the second communication device only requests or only supports the first event, the second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the third information; When the second communication device only requests or only supports the first function, the second message is sent to the first communication device, wherein the second message includes the second indication information.

25. An operation execution device, characterized in that, include: Receive module and execution module; The receiving module is used to receive a first message from the first communication device; The execution module is configured to perform a third operation based on the first message: The first message includes at least one of the following: First information, the first information is used to indicate that the first communication device does not support any event or the first communication device only supports the first event; The second information is used to indicate at least one event; First indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the first communication device supports a first function; The third operation includes at least one of the following: It is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function; It is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or that the first communication device only supports the first event; Determine that the first communication device supports the first function and at least one event; The first event satisfies at least one of the following: it is an empty event or a spurious event; or it is an event that does not indicate any event.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that, The first function satisfies at least one of the following: The first function does not have an event identifier; The first function is not an event; The first function is to train AI or ML models based on LMF.

27. The apparatus according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The execution module performs a third operation based on the first message, including at least one of the following: If the first message includes the first information and the first indication information, it is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function; If the first message includes the second information and the first indication information, it is determined that the first communication device supports the first function and the at least one event; If the first message includes the first information, it is determined that the first communication device does not support any event, or the first communication device only supports the first event; If the first message includes the first indication information, the third communication device determines that the first communication device only supports the first function; If the first message includes the first indication information but does not include the second information, it is determined that the first communication device only supports the first function.

28. A first communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the operation execution method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

29. A second communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 9 to 13.

30. A third communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the operation execution method as described in any one of claims 14 to 18.

31. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the operation execution method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 9 to 13, or the steps of the operation execution method as described in any one of claims 14 to 18.

Images