Safety mechanism for fisher, fisher including safety mechanism and method of using fisher

Abstract

A fisher (10 ') includes a release sleeve (24') for selectively covering a portion of a latching jaw (30) of the fisher (10 ') and a safety mechanism (52). The release sleeve (24 ') is movable along the fisher between a distal position and a proximal position, in which the release sleeve (24') covers the portion of the latch jaw (30) and avoids the latch (jaw), respectively. The safety mechanism (52) is configurable between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration in which the release sleeve (24 ') is prevented from reaching the distal position and allowed to reach the distal position, respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to core drilling, and more specifically, to a safety mechanism for a retrieval device, a retrieval device including the safety mechanism, and a method of using the retrieval device. Background Technology

[0002] A common method used in the mining and mineral exploration industries to study mineral geology is to extract core samples using wireline diamond core drilling. This method utilizes a diamond impregnated drill bit to cut and collect the core sample inside an inner tube. At regular intervals, the inner tube is retrieved from the bottom of the borehole and brought to the surface for emptying and collection. A device called a retriever is used to collect the inner tube and the core section contained within it from the bottom of the borehole; the retriever is connected to a head assembly threaded onto the inner tube.

[0003] Boreholes can be wet or dry. Wet boreholes are more common and can be considered to always have a groundwater level near the borehole opening or the start of the borehole, while dry boreholes have a very low or non-existent groundwater level. This is important because the groundwater level determines how the inner tube is installed in the borehole after emptying for collecting the next core section. In wet boreholes, the inner tube is typically simply dropped into the borehole, and the water acts as a buffer to limit its maximum speed during descent within the borehole. This cannot be done in dry boreholes because the inner tube would descend too quickly and damage the equipment. Therefore, in dry boreholes, a retrieval device and attached ropes are used to lower the inner tube to the full depth of the borehole, and the retrieval device is released at the bottom of the borehole.

[0004] There are two types of retrieval devices on the market: spearhead retrieval devices and spearhead receiver retrieval devices. Both types use pivotable rods (called locking claws) to selectively engage and disengage the head assembly, which is threaded onto the inner tube. The locking claws have two positions: engaged and disengaged. Many retrieval devices automatically switch between these positions depending on whether they are under load, a passive safety feature. When the retrieval device is attached to an unsupported inner tube, the locking claws move to the engaged position, where the head assembly is engaged. While in the engaged position, the locking claws cannot be released. Once the inner tube is supported (e.g., on the ground or at the bottom of the borehole), the locking claws move to the disengaged position, allowing the retrieval device to be released. Outside the borehole, the retrieval device is disengaged manually. Inside the borehole, a release mechanism is required.

[0005] When the locking jaws are in the disengaged position, the release sleeve can slide over them, holding them in that position, which allows disconnection from the head assembly / inner tube. When the locking jaws are in the engaged position, the release sleeve cannot slide over them, therefore the retrieval device cannot be released under load.

[0006] The problem plaguing this solution arises when the inner tube collides with or gets caught on an obstacle during travel. This partially or completely removes the load required to hold the locking jaws in the engaged position, creating the possibility that the locking jaws may move into the disengaged position. This can happen very quickly and allows the release sleeve to slide past the locking jaws, thus releasing the retrieval device.

[0007] Against this backdrop, there is a need in the industry to provide safety mechanisms for retrieval devices to reduce or eliminate the risk that the release sleeve may inadvertently move and cover the locking jaws, thus keeping the locking jaws in the released position.

[0008] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a security mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In a broader sense, a retrieval device is provided, comprising: a locking jaw movable between a locking configuration and a releasing configuration, wherein the locking jaw is positioned for engaging and releasing from a head assembly, respectively; a release sleeve longitudinally movable along the retrieval device between a proximal position and a distal position, wherein in the proximal position the release sleeve is retracted from the locking jaw; and in the distal position the release sleeve is aligned with at least a portion of the locking jaw to engage the locking jaw, thereby locking the locking jaw in the releasing configuration; and a safety mechanism mechanically coupled to the release sleeve and configurable between a locking configuration and an unlocking configuration, wherein in the locking configuration the release sleeve is prevented from reaching the distal position, and in the unlocking configuration the release sleeve is longitudinally movable to reach the distal position when the locking jaw is in the releasing configuration.

[0010] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the release sleeve and the safety mechanism engage with each other such that, with the retrieval device supported from below, multiple cycles of applying tension to the retrieval device and releasing the tension cause the safety mechanism to move from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration.

[0011] A retrieval device may also be provided, wherein the release sleeve and the safety mechanism are engaged with each other by a key and keyway assembly.

[0012] A retrieval device may also be provided, wherein the safety mechanism defines the keyway, and the key extends from the release sleeve.

[0013] A retrieval device may also be provided, wherein the keyway is defined at a circumferentially spaced first end and a second end, the key being at the first end in the locking configuration and at the second end in the unlocking configuration.

[0014] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the keyway is defined at the first end of the keyway for receiving the key in the locking configuration, at the second end of the keyway for receiving the key in the unlocking configuration, and a middle section of the keyway extending between the first end section and the second end section, the middle section of the keyway being serrated in the circumferential direction along the security mechanism, and the second end section of the keyway extending distally to a greater extent than the first end section and the middle section of the keyway.

[0015] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the retrieval device defines a retrieval head to which the locking claw is mounted and longitudinally opposed shock absorbers terminating proximally at a rope attachment, the shock absorbers comprising a proximal shock absorber element and a distal shock absorber element mounted to each other so as to be movable relative to each other in a reciprocating motion; a keyway is longitudinally fixed relative to the distal shock absorber element; the rope attachment and the retrieval head are movable relative to each other in a reciprocating motion, and a release sleeve is longitudinally fixed relative to the retrieval head; and the keyway is configured such that, in the absence of other external influences, the reciprocating motion moves the key relative to the keyway toward a second end segment of the keyway.

[0016] A retrieval device may also be provided, wherein the rope attachment and the retrieval head are longitudinally offset from each other.

[0017] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the rope attachment and the retrieval head are longitudinally biased away from each other by a biasing element, the biasing force applied by the biasing element being insufficient to support at least one of the static and dynamic weights of the proximal components of the retrieval device that can move together with the rope attachment.

[0018] A retrieval device may also be provided, further comprising a biasing element that biases the key and the keyway relative to each other in the circumferential direction, such that the key is biased toward the second end segment of the keyway.

[0019] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the release sleeve defines a proximal portion of the sleeve, and the safety mechanism defines a control sleeve configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve in the axial direction, the key projecting radially outward from the proximal portion of the sleeve, and the keyway extending through the control sleeve.

[0020] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided in which the release sleeve rotates axially relative to the control sleeve when the safety mechanism moves between the locking configuration and the unlocking configuration.

[0021] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided in which the cycle of applying and releasing the tension causes the control sleeve and the release sleeve to reciprocate relative to each other, the reciprocating motion causing the release sleeve to rotate between the locking configuration and the unlocking configuration.

[0022] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the release sleeve is biased distally so that it is pushed distally toward the lifting claw when the safety mechanism is in the unlocked configuration.

[0023] A retrieval device may also be provided, further comprising a locking element for selectively locking the safety mechanism in the locking configuration.

[0024] Alternatively, a retrieval device may be provided, wherein the safety mechanism is removably attached to the retrieval device, enabling the retrieval device to operate in a basic configuration and a sleeve-actuated configuration, wherein the safety mechanism is absent in the basic configuration and present in the sleeve-actuated configuration.

[0025] A retrieval device may also be provided, wherein each of the locking claws defines a hook for engaging the head assembly, the locking claws extending laterally relative to the retrieval device, and the locking claws protruding laterally to a greater extent in the locking configuration than in the releasing configuration.

[0026] In another, broader aspect, a safety mechanism for a retrieval device is provided, the retrieval device having a locking jaw and a release sleeve, the locking jaw being movable between a locking configuration and a release configuration, wherein in the locking configuration and the release configuration the locking jaw is respectively positioned for engaging and releasing from the head assembly, and the release sleeve being longitudinally movable along the retrieval device between a proximal position and a distal position, wherein in the proximal position the release sleeve is retracted from the locking jaw, and in the distal position the release sleeve is engaged with the locking jaw. A portion is aligned to engage the locking jaws, thereby locking the locking jaws in the release configuration. The safety mechanism includes: a safety mechanism body defining a sleeve engagement portion for mechanically engaging the release sleeve. The safety mechanism and the release sleeve are movable relative to each other between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration. In the locked configuration, the release sleeve is prevented from reaching the distal position, and in the unlocked configuration, the release sleeve is longitudinally movable to reach the distal position when the locking jaws are in the release configuration.

[0027] In another broader aspect, a method of operating a retrieval device is provided, the retrieval device having a locking jaw and a release sleeve for selectively retaining the locking jaw in a release configuration, the retrieval device further including a safety mechanism for selectively locking the release sleeve proximally relative to the locking jaw, the method comprising: engaging the release sleeve and the safety mechanism relative to each other such that the release sleeve is locked proximally relative to the locking jaw; moving the locking jaw to a locking configuration in which the locking jaw engages a head assembly; lowering the retrieval device, attached to the head assembly, into a borehole to the bottom of the borehole using a rope; moving the locking jaw to the release configuration; and unlocking the release sleeve from the safety mechanism and moving the release sleeve such that the release sleeve is at least partially aligned with the locking jaw to retain the locking jaw in the release configuration.

[0028] Alternatively, a method may be provided in which disengaging the release sleeve from the safety mechanism comprises performing at least one cycle of pulling the rope and releasing tension in the rope.

[0029] Advantageously, the proposed safety mechanism reduces the likelihood that impacts applied to the head assembly and the retrieval device during descent in the borehole or during operation outside the borehole will cause the retrieval device to be accidentally released from the head assembly.

[0030] Other objects, advantages, and features of the invention will become more apparent after reading the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments of the invention given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] In the attached figures:

[0032] Figure 1 The salvage device is illustrated in the side elevation view;

[0033] Figure 2 Along Figure 1 Example of the side section line of section line II-II Figure 1 The salvage device;

[0034] Figure 3 Example of a side elevation view Figure 1 Part of the salvage device;

[0035] Figure 4 Along Figure 3 Example of the side section line of section line IV-IV Figure 3 Part of the salvage device;

[0036] Figure 5 Example using a partial sectional view from the side. Figures 1 to 4 A part of a retrieval device, wherein the locking jaws of the retrieval device are in a locking configuration and engage the head assembly illustrated in the part, and the retrieval device has a release sleeve shown in the proximal position of the sleeve;

[0037] Figure 6 Example using a partial sectional view from the side. Figures 1 to 4 The salvage device is connected to Figure 5 In the head assembly, the locking claw is in the release configuration and the release sleeve is in the proximal position of the sleeve;

[0038] Figure 7 Example of a side elevation view Figures 1 to 4 The salvage device from Figure 5 The head assembly is removed, with the locking claw in the release configuration and the release sleeve in the distal sleeve position;

[0039] Figure 8 Example of a partial exploded elevation view. Figures 1 to 4 The salvage device;

[0040] Figure 9 An example of a side partial exploded elevation view is similar to Figures 1 to 4 An alternative retrieval device, comprising an alternative release sleeve and a safety mechanism;

[0041] Figure 10 Example of perspective exploded diagram Figure 9 Release sleeve and safety mechanism;

[0042] Figure 11 Example using perspective view Figure 9Release sleeve and safety mechanism;

[0043] Figure 11bis An example of a perspective view showing some hidden lines. Figure 10 and Figure 11 Release sleeve;

[0044] Figure 12 A partial side elevation view illustrates the configuration in the first or locked configuration. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0045] Figure 13 The second configuration is illustrated using partial side elevation and partial sectional views. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0046] Figure 14 A partial side elevation view illustrates the configuration in the third setting. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0047] Figure 15 A partial side elevation view illustrates the fourth configuration or unlocked configuration. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0048] Figure 16 A partial side cross-sectional view illustrates a position similar to the third configuration. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0049] Figure 17 A partial side cross-sectional view illustrates a configuration similar to the second configuration. Figures 9 to 11 Safety mechanisms of the salvage device;

[0050] Figure 18 A side-section view illustrates the first configuration. Figures 9 to 11 The safety mechanism of the salvage device; and

[0051] Figure 19 The side section diagram illustrates the fourth configuration. Figures 9 to 11 The safety mechanism of the salvage device. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The terms distal and proximal refer to the distance from the operator using the proposed safety mechanism in the borehole. The proximal element is closer to the operator in use than the distal element, which is deeper in the borehole. The term "axial" refers to a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the retrieval device including the proposed safety mechanism. Furthermore, the terms "substantially" and "about" are used to indicate variations in the terms modified therein that do not significantly affect the operating principles of the proposed retrieval device and safety mechanism. These variations may be minor changes in design or due to mechanical tolerances in the manufacture and use of the retrieval device and safety mechanism. These variations should be viewed by someone skilled in the art.

[0053] In some embodiments, the proposed safety mechanism can be modified to include a retrieval device 10 in which the safety mechanism is omitted, enabling the retrieval device to be used even without a safety mechanism. (Common Reference) Figure 1 and Figure 2 Examples of such a retrieval device 10 are illustrated and described. The retrieval device 10 can be a specific type of prior art retrieval device 10, but in some embodiments, the proposed safety mechanism described in detail below can also be used with other types of retrieval devices, including dedicated retrieval devices permanently integrated with the safety mechanism. Furthermore, although the retrieval device 10 is of the spearhead type, in some embodiments the proposed safety mechanism and similar safety mechanisms can be used with spearhead-receiving type retrieval devices. It should be noted that... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Example: Two retrieval devices 10 are positioned with different orientations and rotated 90 degrees relative to each other's axes.

[0054] The retrieval device 10 includes a cable swivel assembly 12, a weight bar 14, a shocker tube 16, a shocker rod 18, and a retrieval head 20 from its proximal end 11 to its distal end 13. The shocker tube 16 and the shocker rod 18 together form a shocker and can be considered, respectively, the proximal and distal elements of the shocker, since other components with the same function can be used in alternative embodiments of the invention. A release sleeve 24 is also mounted to the aforementioned assembly, overlapping at least a portion of the retrieval head 20, and in some embodiments, overlapping a portion of the shocker rod 18. The cable swivel assembly 12, the weight bar 14, and the shocker tube 16 are secured to each other, for example, by being threaded together. The shock absorber tube 16 defines a shock absorber cavity 22, which receives a portion of the shock absorber rod 18 therein, allowing the shock absorber rod 18 to move longitudinally along the shock absorber cavity 22 in a reciprocating motion, while preventing the shock absorber rod 18 from disengaging from the shock absorber tube 16 at its distal end by forming a suitably shaped flange that mechanically interferes with the movement. The shock absorber rod 18 is distally secured to the retrieval head 20. As further described below, the release sleeve 24 is axially movable along the retrieval head 20. The cable swivel assembly 12 can be used to secure the cable 15 thereto.

[0055] Common Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The retrieval head 20 includes a retrieval head body 26 defining laterally opposed locking claw recesses 28, each receiving a corresponding locking claw 30. Each locking claw 30 defines a proximal portion 32 and a distal portion 34, and a middle portion 36 extending between the proximal and distal portions 34. The middle portion 36 defines a pivot receiving recess 38, and the locking claw 30 is pivotally mounted in the locking claw recess 28, with the pivot receiving recess 38 receiving a pivot 40 about which the locking claw 30 is pivotable. The locking jaw 30 is configured such that, when installed onto the retrieval head body 26, the middle portion 36 of the locking jaw extends beyond the longitudinal axis of the retrieval head body 26, such that the proximal portion 32 and the distal portion 34 of the locking jaw are provided on opposite sides of the retrieval head body 26. The distal portion 34 of the locking jaw is configured to engage the head assembly 44 to be operated by the retrieval device 10 (in... Figure 5 and Figure 6 Hook 42 (shown in the diagram). Hook 42 defines at least one hook cam 43, which is oriented such that at least one hook cam 43 of each of the two locking claws 30 converges toward each other in the direction toward the distal end.

[0056] As in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the locking claw 30 is pivotable between a locking configuration and a releasing configuration. The proximal portion 32 and distal portion 34 of the locking claw protrude laterally to a greater extent in the locking configuration than in the releasing configuration. In the locking configuration, the hook 42 engages a circumferential groove 46 defined in the head assembly 44, allowing the retrieval device to overcome gravity and support the head assembly 44 and any components suspended thereon (such as the inner tube). Furthermore, because the diameter of the release sleeve 24 is smaller than the width of the protruding locking claw 30, the proximal portion 32 of the locking claw protrudes laterally sufficiently to prevent axial movement of the release sleeve 24 around the locking claw 30. In the releasing configuration, the hook 42 is removed from the circumferential groove 46, allowing the retrieval device to be withdrawn from the head assembly 44. Furthermore, the proximal portion 32 of the locking pawl retracts sufficiently inward laterally so that the lateral extension is less than the inner diameter of the release sleeve 24, thereby allowing the release sleeve 24 to move and engage the proximal portion 32 of the locking pawl, locking the locking pawl 30 in the release configuration, as shown below. Figure 7 As seen in the text.

[0057] The retrieval device 10 also includes other features. For example, the retrieval device 10 typically provides a locking pawl biasing element 47 that biases the locking pawl 30 toward a locking configuration, the locking pawl biasing element 47 extending, for example, between the proximal portions 32 of the locking pawl in the form of a helical spring. Furthermore, the locking pawl 30 may have a pivot receiving recess 38 configured to allow the locking pawl 30 to make small axial movements relative to the retrieval head body 26 as it moves between a locked position and a released position. In some embodiments, the locking pawl 30 is free-floating to move freely about a pivot 40. Finally, the retrieval head body 26 may define a distal cam surface 48 against which the distal portion 34 of the locking pawl can abut, the distal cam surface 48 guiding the axial movement of the locking pawl.

[0058] In operation, the retrieval device 10 can be secured to the head assembly 44, which supports the inner tube (not shown in the figures). In this configuration, the locking claw 30 is in a locked position, and the head assembly 44 is suspended from the retrieval device 10. Therefore, the weight of the components secured to the retrieval device will move the shock rod 18 to its furthest position within the shock tube 16. The retrieval device 10, along with the components secured to it, can then be lowered into the borehole. Once the bottom of the borehole is reached, the shock rod 18 and all structures secured to it at the distal end are supported by the bottom, and further lowering of the rope 15 will allow the shock tube 16 to move further distally until the shock rod 18 abuts against the end of the shock tube lumen 22 at its proximal end. This transfers the entire weight of the weight bar 14 to the shock bar 18, which in turn slightly advances the entire retrieval device 10 into the head assembly 44, causing the locking pawl 30 to retract into the release configuration as the hook cam 43 slides along a suitable structure within the head assembly 44. Such a structure includes, for example, the edge of a circumferential groove 46 and the proximal edge of the head assembly 44, which can be beveled to match the hook cam 43. Once the locking pawl 30 has retracted into the release configuration, the release sleeve 24 will fall freely under gravity and cover the proximal portion 32 of the locking pawl, allowing the retrieval device 10 to be withdrawn from the head assembly 44, as the locking pawl 30 is subsequently locked in the release configuration.

[0059] Salvagers similar to the salvager 10 described above are known in the prior art, and because they are well known, no further details regarding their structure and operation are provided, and slight variations may also occur between specific embodiments of the salvagers.

[0060] Figure 8 and Figure 9Retrieval device 10 and alternative retrieval device 10' are illustrated side-by-side to better illustrate their similarities and differences. Retrieval device 10' is similar to retrieval device 10, except that it incorporates the proposed safety mechanism 52 and an alternative release sleeve 24'. Furthermore, the cable swivel assembly 12, weight bar 14, shock absorber tube 16, shock absorber rod 18, and retrieval head 20 are present in both retrieval devices 10 and 10'. In retrieval device 10', the safety mechanism 52 extends between the retrieval head 20 and the shock absorber rod 18, rather than the shock absorber rod 18 being directly fixed to the retrieval head 20 as in retrieval device 10. Furthermore, when the release sleeve 24' is in the proximal sleeve position, it is aligned with the safety mechanism 52, and when the release sleeve 24' is in the distal sleeve position, at least a portion of it is aligned with the retrieval head 20, and more specifically, with the proximal portion 32 of the locking claw. Therefore, in the retrieval device 10', there is no overlap between the shock rod 18 and the release sleeve 24'.

[0061] Generally, the safety mechanism 52 is mechanically coupled to the release sleeve 24' and can be configured in a locking configuration (e.g., in...). Figure 12 and Figure 18 (as seen in) and unlock configuration (e.g., in) Figure 15 and Figure 19 The configuration is as shown in the diagram. In the locked configuration, the release sleeve 24' is prevented from reaching the distal sleeve position, and in the unlocked configuration, the release sleeve 24' can move longitudinally to reach the distal sleeve position when the locking jaw 30 is in the release configuration. Therefore, a safety mechanism 52 is provided to prevent the release sleeve 24' from reaching the locking jaw 30 if the locking jaw 30 is accidentally and momentarily reached in the release configuration, or at least to greatly reduce the chance of this happening. By examining the way the locking jaw 30 operates, it can be seen that if the locking jaw moves to the release configuration due to the retrieval device 10 or 10' entering the head assembly 44 deeper without the release sleeve 24', any attempt to withdraw the retrieval device from the head assembly 44 will allow the locking jaw 30 to return to the locked configuration, as the retrieval device 10 or 10' moves proximally relative to the head assembly 44 and aligns with the circumferential groove 46, resulting in the retrieval device 10 or 10' re-engaging the head assembly 44 before being fully withdrawn. This is because the locking claw is biased toward the extended configuration.

[0062] The aforementioned modular structure allows for relatively easy switching between the configurations of salvagers 10 and 10' as needed, or for retrofitting of existing salvagers 10 using the safety mechanism 52.

[0063] Advantageously, in some embodiments, and as further described below, the safety mechanism 52 can be operated from the ground without requiring any additional cables or components to be pulled down from the ground to the conventional retrieval device 10. For example, the release sleeve 24' and the safety mechanism 52 engage with each other such that multiple cycles of applying tension and releasing tension on the retrieval device 10' move the safety mechanism 52 from a locked configuration to an unlocked configuration. Thus, once the retrieval device 10' has reached the bottom of the borehole and the inner tube and head assembly 44 are supported, the retrieval device 10' can be released by a repeated operation of briefly pulling the rope 15 followed by releasing, which can be easily performed manually by the driller or using the rope 15 to manipulate the equipment. The aforementioned force causes a reciprocating motion between the proximal end 11 and the distal end 13 of the retrieval device 10', as the retrieval device 10' includes components that can move relative to each other, as described below. This reciprocating motion is used to operate the safety mechanism 52.

[0064] Common Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The release sleeve 24' is hollow and generally elongated. The release sleeve 24' defines a proximal sleeve section 54 and a distal sleeve section 56 extending from each other. The proximal sleeve section 54 is configured to engage a safety mechanism 52, and the distal sleeve section 56 is configured to engage a locking pawl 30 at the distal sleeve position. For example, the safety mechanism 52 is configured to receive the proximal sleeve section 54 therein in an axial direction. Typically, if the safety mechanism 52 has a similar outer diameter to the distal sleeve section 56, the proximal sleeve section 54 therefore has a smaller diameter than the distal sleeve section 56, such that the safety mechanism and the sleeve 24' assembly have substantially uniform outer diameters along their length in the locking configuration.

[0065] In some embodiments, the distal sleeve section 56 defines an outer rib 58 to facilitate the manipulation of the release sleeve 24' by improving the grip of the intended user with their hands, for example, when the safety mechanism 52 is initially set to a locking configuration outside the borehole. Furthermore, the proximal sleeve section 54 defines an axially oriented elongated guide groove 59 (e.g., in…) Figure 19 As seen in the diagram, the elongated guide groove 59 extends axially along at least a portion of the length of the proximal section 54 of the sleeve, allowing the plunger protrusion 103, described below, to extend between the interior and exterior of the proximal section 54 of the sleeve. The guide groove 59 terminates at its distal end in a circumferentially extending end groove 61 formed in the inner surface of the release sleeve 24'. When the plunger protrusion 103 reaches the end groove 61, the release sleeve 24' is axially rotatable relative to the plunger 18 because the plunger protrusion 103 is received in the end groove 61. Furthermore, in some embodiments, a channel hole 57 also extends through the distal section 56 of the sleeve to allow access to the interior of the release sleeve 24', thereby facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the retrieval device 10'.

[0066] Safety mechanism 52 includes a control sleeve 60, a plunger 64, a key 66, a primary biasing element 69, a secondary biasing element 70, and a control pin 72. In some embodiments, safety mechanism 52 further includes a locking element (e.g., in the form of a locking pin 74) to prevent the safety mechanism 52 from accidentally moving from a locked configuration to a released configuration, for example, during operation of the retrieval device 10' outside the borehole. The locking pin 74 is removed from the retrieval device 10' before it is lowered into the borehole. Other types of locking elements are within the scope of the invention, e.g., excluding removable components, but simply components that can move across any suitable component of the safety mechanism 52 to prevent accidental release of the release sleeve 24'.

[0067] Generally, the safety mechanism 52 operates using a key 66 and a keyway 68 arrangement, converting axial movement between the distal and proximal components of the retrieval device 10' into relative rotational movement of the release sleeve 24' relative to the control sleeve 60, thereby moving the safety mechanism 52 from a locked configuration to an unlocked configuration. Once rotation is complete, the release sleeve 24' is released by the safety mechanism 52, allowing the release sleeve 24' to reach the distal position of the sleeve.

[0068] Key 66 is mounted to the proximal section 54 of the sleeve and projects radially outward therefrom. For example, key 66 takes the form of a generally elongated member that is axially oriented and projects radially outward from the proximal section 54 of the sleeve. However, in alternative embodiments, other shapes for key 66 are possible, such as a pin key.

[0069] The control sleeve 60 is defined in a control sleeve cavity 65 with a distal opening, and terminates proximally at a point where it can be attached to the shock rod 18 (in Figure 10 and Figure 11 The attachment 62 (not shown) can be directly attached or using a suitable connector (such as a pivot body). This attachment 62 is similar to the attachments of the retrieval head 20, as they are both configured to attach to the shock rod 18. For example, attachment 62 includes a pair of legs for receiving an elongated member therebetween, such that holes extending through the legs and the elongated member can receive appropriate fasteners therebetween to lock the legs and the elongated member together. However, any other attachment used in the field of coring drilling equipment can be used in alternative embodiments.

[0070] A control sleeve 60 defines a keyway 68 that extends circumferentially from the outer surface of the control sleeve 60 between the outer side of the control sleeve 60 and the control sleeve cavity 65. The keyway 68 is configured to receive a key 66 and allow the key 66 to move along the keyway 68 when at least a portion of the proximal segment 54 of the sleeve is received into the control sleeve cavity 65. For example, the keyway 68 is defined in the distal half of the control sleeve 60. The control sleeve 60 also defines a pair of radially opposed elongated control slots 80 (in... Figure 10 and Figure 11 (Only one is shown in the image), the elongated control groove 80 extends longitudinally along the control sleeve 60 between the outer side of the control sleeve 60 and the control sleeve cavity 65, and is configured to receive a control pin 72 passing through it. The control groove 80 is located, for example, in the proximal half of the control sleeve 60. Therefore, the control pin 72 can move along the control groove 80 in a reciprocating motion. In embodiments including a locking pin 74, a pair of laterally opposed locking pin holes 82 are provided (in Figure 10 and Figure 11 (Only one of them is shown in the image) for receiving a locking pin 74 passing through it, such that the locking pin 74 extends laterally across the control sleeve cavity 65. In some embodiments, the locking pin 74 thus inserted into the locking pin hole 82 extends off-center from the longitudinal axis of the retrieval device 10'.

[0071] Common Reference Figures 12 to 15 Keyway 68 is defined by a circumferentially spaced first end 84 and second end 86. In a locked configuration, key 66 is at the first end 84, and in an unlocked configuration, key 66 is at the second end 86. The second end 86 opens distally to allow key 66 to enter and exit keyway 68 during the assembly and disassembly of the retrieval device 10'. However, typically, key 66 remains in keyway 68 during operation of the safety mechanism 52, even in the unlocked configuration. In some embodiments, the first end 84 and second end 86 are circumferentially spaced approximately 180 degrees apart, but other values ​​for this angular spacing are possible, for example, between approximately 90 degrees and approximately 270 degrees.

[0072] A keyway 68 is defined at a first end section 84 to receive a key 66 in a locked configuration, at a second end section 90 at a second end 86 to receive a key 66 in an unlocked configuration, and a middle section 92 extending between the first end section 88 and the second end section 90. The middle section 92 is circumferentially serrated along the control sleeve 60 and is defined with circumferentially spaced proximal teeth 94 and circumferentially spaced distal teeth 96. The proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 alternate circumferentially and are shaped to allow movement of the key 66 along the middle section 92. Typically, the proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 terminate at approximately the same level axially, such that as the key 66 moves along the middle section 92, the key 66 always engages with one of the proximal teeth 94 or the distal teeth. Due to the elongated axial configuration of key 66, key 66 can briefly engage both one of the proximal teeth 94 and one of the distal teeth 96 as it moves along the middle section 92 of the keyway. The proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 may each define a chamfered second surface 98 that faces circumferentially toward the keyway 68 and is angled relative to the longitudinal direction to guide key 66 during its movement along the keyway 68. For example, the chamfered second surface 98 generally faces the second end 86 of the keyway. Opposing first surfaces 100 of each of the proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 generally face circumferentially toward the first end 84 of the keyway and extend generally axially. In some embodiments, the proximal portion of the first end section 88 of the keyway is similar in shape and orientation to the second surface 98.

[0073] Due to the orientation and shape of the second surface 98, the second surface 98 connects the longitudinal movement of key 66 along the keyway 68 with the circumferential movement of key 66, such that movement of the key proximally or distally away from the mid-plane of the keyway 68 causes the release sleeve 24' to rotate toward the release configuration, which contributes to the reliability of the safety mechanism 52. In fact, it would be very inconvenient if the release sleeve 24' could not be released due to a jammed safety mechanism 52, necessitating the lifting of the retrieval device 10' still attached to the head assembly 44. By actively guiding the release sleeve 24' so that key 66 rotates toward the second end 86 of the keyway (as described below) when actively releasing the safety mechanism 52, the likelihood of such unlocking failure is reduced. As described below, the bias of the release sleeve 24' toward the release configuration facilitates this movement.

[0074] return Figure 10The plunger 64 includes a plunger rod 102 and a plunger head 104. The plunger head 104 is attached to the plunger rod 102 at its proximal end. This attachment can be permanent, or the plunger rod 102 and the plunger head 104 can be detached from each other. The plunger head 104 is generally cylindrical and sized to be received in a control sleeve cavity 65 so as to be movable longitudinally along the control sleeve cavity 65. The plunger rod 102 is narrower than the plunger head 104 and terminates at its distal end in a plunger attachment 106 for attaching the plunger rod 102 to the retrieval head 20, similar to the way the shock rod 18 is attached to the retrieval head 20 in the retrieval device 10. This attachment can be direct (using fasteners) or performed using an intermediate connector (such as a pivot body). The plunger rod 102 also defines a plunger protrusion 103 that projects radially from the plunger rod 102 and is configured and sized to be received in the guide groove 59 and the end groove 61. The plunger head 104 defines a pair of diametrically opposed control pin receiving holes 108 for receiving a control pin 72 passing through the control pin receiving holes 108. In some embodiments, the control pin 72 also secures the plunger rod 102 to the plunger head 104 by similarly inserting it through a plunger rod hole 109 that extends through the plunger head 104 in the portion of the plunger rod 102 received by the plunger head 104. In some embodiments, the plunger attachment 106 is positioned such that when the retrieval device 10' is assembled and the release sleeve 24' is in a predetermined position (e.g., the release position), the channel hole 57 aligns with the plunger attachment 106 to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the retrieval device 10'.

[0075] Both the primary biasing element 69 and the secondary biasing element 70 are, for example, helical springs. The primary biasing element 69 operates in both torsion and compression, while the secondary biasing element 70 operates in compression. In an alternative embodiment, the torsional and compression functions of the primary biasing element 69 can be provided by two different biasing elements. To provide torque, the primary biasing element 69 is configured to engage components in a fixed position, for example, by means of axially extending legs provided at each end, extending between these components. In some embodiments, the primary biasing element 69 is biased in rotation such that the release sleeve 24' is biased in a direction toward the release configuration. This bias can exist along the entire range of rotation of the release sleeve 24'. This bias mates with the shape of the first surface 100 and the shape of the second surface 98, thereby contributing to the reliability of the safety mechanism 52.

[0076] Common Reference Figure 11 and Figures 16 to 19 The assembly structure of safety mechanism 52 and release sleeve 24' is described; some details of this assembly are only visible in some of the figures. Generally, plunger 64 is mounted inside control sleeve 60 to allow movement between the proximal and distal positions of the plunger (e.g., respectively in...). Figure 17 and Figure 16 (As seen in the image). For this purpose, control pin 72 extends through control groove 80 and intersects with plunger head 104 and plunger rod 102 between control grooves 80. This limits the stroke of plunger 64 within control sleeve 60. Secondary biasing element 70 provides biasing of plunger 64 toward its most distal position between plunger head 104 and attachment 62, within control sleeve cavity 65. Control groove 80 also prevents relative rotational movement between plunger 64 and control sleeve 60.

[0077] At the farthest position of the plunger, the plunger head 104 has not yet reached the locking pin hole 82, for example in... Figure 19 As seen in the image. At the closest position to the plunger, the plunger head 104 will move to align with the locking pin hole 82. Therefore, as... Figure 11 As shown, when the locking pin 74 is inserted through the locking pin hole 82, the movement of the plunger 64 toward the nearest position of the plunger can be blocked by the locking pin 74.

[0078] Release sleeve 24' is mounted to safety mechanism 52 such that plunger 64 extends through release sleeve 24'. Release sleeve 24' is axially rotatable relative to control sleeve 60. However, due to plunger protrusion 103, this rotation can only occur when the safety mechanism is not in the unlocked configuration. In fact, in the unlocked configuration, plunger protrusion 103 engages in an axially extending guide groove 59. Once key 66 engages in the middle section 92 of keyway, plunger protrusion 103 engages end groove 61, which allows release sleeve 24' to rotate relative to plunger 64 while keeping plunger 64 and control sleeve 60 axially fixed relative to each other. In some embodiments, plunger attachment 106 is sized to be able to enter through the distal portion 56 of the sleeve but is too large to enter the proximal portion 54 of the sleeve, which limits relative axial movement between release sleeve 24' and control sleeve 60 because the movement of plunger 64 itself relative to control sleeve 60 is restricted. The main biasing element 69 extends between the plunger head 104 and the rotatable portion. The release sleeve 24' is positioned and configured such that the key 66 engages in the keyway 68.

[0079] The proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 are configured such that when the release sleeve 24' engages in the keyway intermediate section 92, the plunger 64 is in its most distal position when the key 66 is provided between adjacent distal teeth 96, and in its most proximal position when the key 66 is provided between adjacent proximal teeth 94. Therefore, relative movement between the key 66 and the keyway 68 requires a reciprocating motion of the plunger 64 relative to the control sleeve 60. When the key 66 is in the keyway intermediate section 92, the main biasing element 69 is generally kept substantially fully compressed, such that longitudinal movement of the control sleeve 24' corresponds to a similar longitudinal movement of the plunger 64. The main biasing element 69 biases the release sleeve 24' distally, such that as the key 66 reaches the second end section 90 of the keyway, the release sleeve 24' is pushed distally as the key 66 slides along the second end section 90 of the keyway.

[0080] In use, the safety mechanism 52 must first be set. To do this, the operator must manually move the control sleeve 60 from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration. More specifically, the operator begins, for example, from the unlocked position where the key is in the second end section 90 of the keyway, and compresses the release sleeve 24' and control sleeve 60 toward each other, for example, by grasping the rib 58 and pushing towards the securely attached attachment 62. Once the proximal end of the second end section 90 of the keyway is reached, the operator is able to overcome the resistance provided by the main biasing element 69, twist the rotatable portion toward the nearest proximal tooth 94, and gradually release the axial compression on the release sleeve 24' while guiding the key 66 along the second surface 98 of the first proximal tooth 94 until the key 66 reaches the first surface 100 of the first distal tooth 96. The same operation is then repeated for each subsequent pair of proximal teeth 94 and distal teeth 96 until the key reaches the first end section 88 of the key. If necessary, the locking pin 74 can then be inserted through the locking pin hole 82 to lock the safety mechanism 52.

[0081] The retrieval tool 10' can then be attached to the head assembly 44 and any parts attached thereto in a conventional manner. Due to the locking pin 74, the release sleeve 24' cannot move significantly relative to the control sleeve 60 during this operation, which prevents accidental release of the release sleeve 24' under repeated impacts on the retrieval tool 10'. The locking pin 74 can be removed when the retrieval tool 10' is ready to be lowered into the borehole.

[0082] Once the retrieval tool 10' reaches the bottom of the borehole, the rope 15 will slack off, and the weight of the retrieval tool 10' will no longer be supported. This will result in compression of the secondary biasing element 70, as all the overhanging structures are selected to have sufficient weight to overcome the biasing force provided by the secondary biasing element 70. In some embodiments, this weight is a static weight, i.e., the weight without movement. In other embodiments, this weight is a dynamic weight, i.e., the force exerted due to both the static weight and momentum of the relevant portion of the retrieval tool 10'. This will, in turn, allow the control sleeve 60 to move distally relative to the plunger 64, as the plunger 64 is supported by the retrieval head 20, which itself is subsequently supported by the head assembly 44 during compression. Notably, during this operation, the locking pawl 30 will reach a released configuration, but the hook 42 of the locking pawl 30 will be distally positioned relative to the circumferential groove 46. In other words, the locking pawl retracts laterally, but deeper into the head assembly 44 than when locked.

[0083] The movement of the control sleeve 60 along the plunger 64, together with the axial rotational bias force provided by the main biasing element 69, will subsequently cause the key 66 to guide the rotational movement of the release sleeve 24' as the key 66 advances along the first end section 88 of the keyway. Once the key 66 avoids the proximal tip of the first distal tooth 96, the key 66 will engage the first surface 100 of the first proximal tooth 94 until it reaches the apex of the keyway 68, which is between the first end section 88 of the keyway and the proximal tooth 94 closest to the first end section 88 of the keyway. At this point, tension is applied to the retrieval device 10' using the rope 15, which causes the control sleeve 60 to retract proximally relative to the plunger 64. Then, key 66 will guide release sleeve 24' to continue its rotation by contacting the first surface 100 of the first proximal tooth 94 until key 66 reaches the second surface 98 of the first distal tooth 96, at which point key 66 will engage the first distal tooth 96 until it reaches the valley point between the first two distal teeth 96. Repeating this cycle allows key 66 to step along keyway 68 toward the release configuration until key 66 is received in the second end section 90 of keyway. Due to the fact that the second end section 90 of keyway extends distally beyond the middle section 92 of keyway, the main biasing element 69 will be allowed to release compression, which will push release sleeve 24' to engage the proximal portion 32 of the locking jaw and allow retrieval tool 10' to be removed from the borehole.

[0084] Due to the weight of the components supported by the retrieval device 10' and the force applied by the secondary biasing element 70 during normal operation, the key 66 does not move relative to the keyway 68 when the retrieval device 10' is lowered into the borehole. This is true even if a minor impact occurs that causes a partial or very brief loss of tension in the cable 15. Larger impacts may occur during descent downhole. These larger impacts are generally extremely rare. If such larger impacts occur, the key 66 may be allowed to move down one tooth pair along the keyway 68, similar to the first release and tensioning operation performed once the bottom of the borehole is reached. However, the safety mechanism 52 remains operational because multiple tensioning and release cycles are required to release the release sleeve 24. If an unusually large number of such larger impacts occur, the operator lowering the retrieval device 10' can detect them, enabling the retrieval device 10' to be raised back to the surface to reset the safety mechanism or further investigate the borehole structure.

[0085] The safety mechanism 52 described above is in the context of surface drilling, where the borehole is positioned below the horizontal plane. In alternative embodiments, safety mechanism 52 or a variation thereof can be used in underground drilling (which should be understood as drilling where the borehole is positioned above the horizontal plane), where gravity impedes the operation of the drilling equipment. Underground tools use a series of pump-in seals that allow the user to pump a large flow of water behind the retrieval device to enable it to move upwards against gravity along the borehole. In this case, a retrieval device including safety mechanism 52 or a similar variation thereof can be used. Typically, these alternative retrieval devices are used when the inner tube is stuck in the borehole. Due to gravity, the retrieval device is no longer supported from below, so its operation needs to be changed, as it is now used to resist pulling on the stuck inner tube / retrieval device. However, the operating principle of the safety mechanism remains similar.

[0086] For example, in this underground operation, the secondary biasing element 70 is much more rigid than that in the aforementioned retrieval device 10'. Therefore, the compression of the retrieval device is not performed by gravity, but requires the operator to significantly increase the pressure of the water pumped upward along the borehole. However, the overall operating mechanism remains the same, i.e., the safety mechanism 52 remains locked unless the operator performs a predetermined operation (here, an increase in pressure).

[0087] Although the invention has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be readily understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the claims should not be limited by the exemplary embodiments, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the overall description. Thus, modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the subject matter as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A salvage device, comprising: The locking jaw is movable between a locking configuration and a releasing configuration, wherein the locking jaw is positioned to engage the head assembly and release from the head assembly, respectively. The release sleeve is capable of longitudinal movement along the retrieval device between a proximal and distal position, wherein... At the proximal position, the release sleeve retracts from the locking jaws; and At the distal position, the release sleeve is aligned with at least a portion of the locking jaw to engage the locking jaw, thereby locking the locking jaw in the release configuration; as well as A safety mechanism is mechanically coupled to the release sleeve and can be configured between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration, wherein in the locked configuration, the release sleeve is prevented from reaching the distal position, and in the unlocked configuration, the release sleeve can move longitudinally to reach the distal position when the locking jaw is in the release configuration.

2. The retrieval device as defined in claim 1, wherein the release sleeve and the safety mechanism engage with each other such that, with the retrieval device supported from below, multiple cycles between applying tension to the retrieval device and releasing the tension cause the safety mechanism to move from the locking configuration to the unlocking configuration.

3. The retrieval device as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein the release sleeve and the safety mechanism are engaged with each other by a key and keyway assembly.

4. The retrieval device as defined in claim 3, wherein the safety mechanism defines the keyway, and the key extends from the release sleeve.

5. The retrieval device as defined in claim 3 or 4, wherein the keyway is defined at a circumferentially spaced first end and a second end, the key being at the first end in the locking configuration and at the second end in the unlocking configuration.

6. The retrieval device as defined in claim 5, wherein the keyway is defined at the first end of the keyway for receiving the key in the locking configuration, at the second end of the keyway for receiving the key in the unlocking configuration, and a middle section of the keyway extending between the first end section and the second end section, the middle section of the keyway being serrated in the circumferential direction along the safety mechanism, and the second end section of the keyway extending distally to a greater extent than the first end section and the middle section of the keyway.

7. The retrieval device as defined in claim 6, wherein The retrieval device defines a retrieval head to which the locking claw is mounted and longitudinally opposed shockers terminating proximally at a rope attachment, the shockers comprising a proximal shocker element and a distal shocker element mounted to each other so as to be movable relative to each other in a reciprocating motion. The keyway is fixed longitudinally relative to the distal element of the shock absorber; The rope attachment and the retrieval head are movable relative to each other in a reciprocating motion, and the release sleeve remains longitudinally fixed relative to the retrieval head; and The keyway is configured such that, in the absence of other external influences, the reciprocating motion causes the key to move relative to the keyway toward the second end segment of the keyway.

8. The retrieval device as defined in claim 7, wherein the rope attachment and the retrieval device head are longitudinally offset from each other.

9. The retrieval device as defined in claim 7, wherein the rope attachment and the retrieval head are longitudinally biased away from each other by a biasing element, the biasing force applied by the biasing element being insufficient to support at least one of the static and dynamic weights of the proximal components of the retrieval device that can move together with the rope attachment.

10. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 5 to 9, further comprising a biasing element that biases the key and the keyway relative to each other in the circumferential direction, such that the key is biased toward the second end segment of the keyway.

11. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the release sleeve defines a proximal portion of the sleeve, and the safety mechanism defines a control sleeve configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve in the axial direction, the key projecting radially outward from the proximal portion of the sleeve, and the keyway extending through the control sleeve.

12. The retrieval device as defined in claim 11, wherein, When the security mechanism moves between the locking configuration and the unlocking configuration, the release sleeve rotates axially relative to the control sleeve.

13. The retrieval device as defined in claim 12, wherein the cycle between applying and releasing the tension on the retrieval device causes reciprocating motion of the control sleeve and the release sleeve relative to each other, the reciprocating motion causing rotation of the release sleeve between the locking configuration and the unlocking configuration.

14. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the release sleeve is biased distally so as to be pushed distally toward the lifting claw when the safety mechanism is in the unlocked configuration.

15. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a locking element for selectively locking the safety mechanism in the locking configuration.

16. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the safety mechanism is removably attached to the retrieval device, enabling the retrieval device to operate in a basic configuration and a sleeve-actuated configuration, wherein the safety mechanism is absent in the basic configuration and present in the sleeve-actuated configuration.

17. The retrieval device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein each of the locking claws defines a hook for engaging the head assembly, the locking claws extending laterally relative to the retrieval device, the locking claws protruding laterally to a greater extent in the locking configuration than in the releasing configuration.

18. A safety mechanism for a retrieval device having a locking jaw and a release sleeve, the locking jaw being movable between a locking configuration and a release configuration, wherein the locking jaw is positioned, respectively, to engage a head assembly and to release from the head assembly, and the release sleeve is longitudinally movable along the retrieval device between a proximal position and a distal position, wherein, in the proximal position, the release sleeve is retracted from the locking jaw, and in the distal position, the release sleeve is aligned with at least a portion of the locking jaw to engage the locking jaw, thereby locking the locking jaw in the release configuration, the safety mechanism comprising: The safety mechanism body is defined as a sleeve engagement portion for mechanically connecting to the release sleeve. The safety mechanism and the release sleeve are movable relative to each other between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration. In the locked configuration, the release sleeve is prevented from reaching the distal position, and in the unlocked configuration, the release sleeve is longitudinally movable to reach the distal position when the locking pawl is in the release configuration.

19. A method of operating a retrieval device, the retrieval device having locking jaws and a release sleeve for selectively retaining the locking jaws in a release configuration, the retrieval device further comprising a safety mechanism for selectively retaining the release sleeve relative to the locking jaws at a proximal end, the method comprising: The release sleeve and the safety mechanism are engaged relative to each other, such that the release sleeve is locked at the proximal end relative to the locking pawl; The locking jaws are moved to a locking configuration, in which the locking jaws engage the head assembly; The retrieval device, attached to the head assembly, is lowered into the borehole to the bottom using a rope. Move the locking claw to the release configuration; as well as The release sleeve is unlocked from the safety mechanism and moved such that the release sleeve is at least partially aligned with the locking jaw to retain the locking jaw in the release configuration.

20. The method as defined in claim 19, wherein unlocking the release sleeve from the security mechanism comprises: Perform at least one cycle of pulling the rope and releasing the tension in the rope.

Images