Method for cutting propagation of litsea cubeba in autumn

Abstract

The invention provides a litsea cubeba autumn cutting propagation method, which comprises the following steps: disinfecting a cutting medium, and placing the cutting medium in a seedling raising bed; in September to October, litsea cubeba branches are collected and cut into sections, and litsea cubeba cutting slips are obtained; the litsea cubeba cutting slips are soaked in a diluent of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, after standing is conducted, upper cuts are coated with a callus smearing agent, and after bundling is conducted, the cutting slips subjected to browning prevention treatment are obtained; mixing a rooting agent solution with new yellow mud, uniformly coating the base part of the cutting slip subjected to browning prevention treatment, and standing to obtain the cutting slip subjected to hormone treatment; after clear water is sprayed to the substrate, the cutting slips subjected to hormone treatment are obliquely inserted into the cutting substrate, and then cutting management is conducted. According to the litsea cubeba autumn cutting propagation method, by adding the step of preventing branches from browning and performing management after cutting, germination and growth of stems and buds of cutting slips are continuously promoted, the rooting rate of cutting propagation is increased, the litsea cubeba cutting time range is widened, operation is easy and convenient, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant asexual cutting propagation technology, specifically relating to a method for autumn cutting propagation of Litsea cubeba. Background Technology

[0002] Litsea cubeba, a deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the genus Litsea in the family Lauraceae, is an important woody natural spice tree and industrial oilseed tree in my country. It is mainly produced in Southeast Asian countries and provinces and regions south of the Yangtze River in my country. Litsea cubeba oil can be extracted from its bark, branches, leaves, and fruits. Fresh leaves contain very little oil, generally 0.01%–0.02%, and have no production value. Male flowers contain 1.6%–1.7% oil, while female flowers contain about 1% less oil than male flowers. Litsea cubeba oil is generally extracted from its fruits, with a yield of 3%–5% from fresh fruits. The seeds do not contain essential oil. After oil extraction, the kernels are dried and crushed to extract 30%–40% kernel oil (also called fatty oil; the main components of Litsea cubeba fatty oil are decanoic acid glycerides, lauric acid glycerides, and glycerides of saturated fatty acids of 14, 16, and 18 carbons, as well as glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids), which can be used as a raw material for surfactant industries. Litsea cubeba essential oil is an active secondary metabolite of Litsea cubeba. Processed from fresh Litsea cubeba fruit, it is a unique natural fragrance product of my country and one of the top ten essential oils internationally. The main components of Litsea cubeba oil are citral (70%) and higher alcohols (C...). 10 H 21 The fruit contains 19.4% organic acids and 2% organic acids. Citral is an important raw material for manufacturing ionone-based fragrances and can be used to synthesize fragrances and vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin A D agents. It is widely used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other daily necessities. After distillation, the fruit can be further processed and refined to obtain kernel oil, which is an essential raw material for light industry, oil, textiles, medicine, and pesticide production. It has broad development prospects, and artificial forests have high economic value.

[0003] Research on CNKI reveals that the cutting propagation technique for Litsea cubeba has formed a preliminary system, including: cutting selection (preferably using semi-lignified branches, as tender branches are prone to water loss and fully lignified branches have weak vitality; cuttings should be 7cm-8cm long, retaining 2 buds and 2 1 / 3 leaves, with a 30° oblique cut or a cross cut at the base (cross cuts have a 16.11% higher survival rate in red and yellow soil substrates than oblique cuts)); hormone treatment (optimal combination: soaking in IBA (50mg / L) + ABT (25mg / L-50mg / L) for 1 hour, achieving a survival rate of over 97% after 1 month and over 50% after 3 months; other effective treatments can achieve a rooting rate of 70%). [2%~75.6%], substrate selection [preferably red and yellow soil (pH 5.0~5.6), followed by river sand and perlite peat moss; under red and yellow soil substrate, the survival rate of cross-cutting is more than 50% higher than that under river sand], cutting time [the best season is March to May (spring temperature is suitable, and the survival rate is the highest; summer cuttings need to be shaded and cooled, and winter cuttings need to be kept warm)], post-cutting management (soil moisture 80%~90%, temperature 25℃~35℃; shading 70%~85% in summer and autumn, and covering with film to keep warm in winter; after rooting, spray with 0.3% urea + 0.1% KH2PO4, and disinfect with carbendazim weekly), etc. The disadvantages of existing technologies are: unstable and generally low survival rates (the survival rate after 3 months in experiments is generally only 50% to 75%, and the mortality rate in the later stages is high (e.g., the survival rate drops from 97% to 21% after 90 days of cutting)); significant differences in survival rates among different seed sources and seasons; lack of standardized techniques; insufficient research on rooting mechanisms (it is known that substances such as flavonoids and polyphenols inhibit rooting, but the specific regulatory pathways are unclear, and no effective way to alleviate the inhibitory effect of alkane substances (such as eicosane) in tissue secretions has been found)); lack of large-scale asexual reproduction (cutting technology is still in the laboratory stage, and there are no cases of large-scale production of asexual seedlings; the offspring of seedlings show severe phenotypic segregation and cannot maintain the superior traits of the parent plant); and poor environmental adaptability (high temperatures in summer (>38℃) and low temperatures in winter (<10℃) will significantly reduce the survival rate, and the cutting time is limited (only spring is the best)). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for autumn cutting propagation of Litsea cubeba, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. This method continuously promotes the budding and growth of the cuttings and improves the rooting rate of Litsea cubeba cutting propagation by adding steps to prevent browning of branches and post-cutting management, thereby expanding the time range for Litsea cubeba cutting propagation.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings, the method being as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: After mixing vermiculite and volcanic rock, disinfect with a diluted solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, cover with black film for 48 hours, then uncover to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. S2. Preparation of cuttings: From September to October, when the average daily temperature is 20℃ to 27℃, collect disease-free branches of Litsea cubeba from the fruiting mother trees, cut them into sections, and obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, take them out and let them stand, apply a wound healing agent to the upper cut of the Litsea cubeba cuttings, and tie them up to obtain cuttings treated to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix the rooting agent solution with fresh yellow mud to obtain a paste-like rooting solution. Apply the paste-like rooting solution to the base of the cuttings after the anti-browning treatment obtained in S3, 3cm to 6cm away. After standing, the cuttings after hormone treatment are obtained. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, and cover it with a drip-free blue film. Cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. S6. Cutting Management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray the seedbed after cutting with a diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days for disinfection. When the average daily temperature is above 10℃, spray the cuttings with foliar fertilizer.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of vermiculite to volcanic rock in S1 is (8-9):(1-2); the particle size of both vermiculite and volcanic rock is 1mm-4mm; and the dilution ratio of the carbendazim wettable powder is 600-800 times.

[0007] Preferably, the length of the Litsea cubeba cutting in S2 is 12cm to 16cm; the number of buds in the Litsea cubeba cutting is ≥3.

[0008] Preferably, the dilution ratio of the thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in S3 is 600 to 1000 times; the soaking time is 10 to 40 minutes; and the standing time is 20 to 40 minutes.

[0009] Preferably, the rooting agent solution in S4 is an ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1000 mg / L to 1500 mg / L; the mass ratio of the rooting agent solution to the new yellow mud is (1-2):(2-4); and the standing time is 1 min to 2 min.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion method in S5 is as follows: the cuttings are inserted into the substrate at an angle of 40° to 50° to the surface of the seedbed; the spraying rate of clean water is 1L / m². 2 ~2L / m2 .

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Before cutting, this invention prevents the branches from browning and rotting by treating them to prevent browning, thereby improving the rooting rate of the cuttings.

[0012] 2. This invention involves spraying foliar fertilizer during the cutting propagation process to regulate the balance of endogenous hormones, stimulate the formation of new roots, and promote plant root growth.

[0013] 3. The method for propagating Litsea cubeba by cuttings in this invention expands the time range for cuttings, is easy to operate, and has low cost. It can be directly applied to actual production and meets the needs of large-scale seedling production of Litsea cubeba.

[0014] 4. Using the method of this invention, the survival rate of cuttings reaches over 96.6% after 1 month, 88.3% after 60 days, and 78.3% after 90 days, with a rooting rate of up to 78.3%.

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the survival rate of the cuttings 60 days after planting in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a rooting diagram of cuttings in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a seedling plant in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 The experimental site for this embodiment was the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil was a vermiculite and volcanic rock matrix. The soil fertility was 40–100 μS / cm, the soil moisture was 50%–55%, the soil pH was 6.5, the average daily soil temperature was 3°C–20°C, the ambient light was 900–1300 LUX, and the number of cuttings was 60.

[0020] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Mix vermiculite and volcanic rock at a mass ratio of 8.5:1.5, spray with 800 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection, cover with black film for 48 hours, then uncover to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. The vermiculite has a particle size of 2 mm, and the volcanic rock has a particle size of 3 mm. This cutting substrate promotes the survival of cuttings, increases the survival rate, and prevents browning and rotting of cuttings. The substrate particles facilitate close contact between the cuttings and the substrate, ensuring humidity around the cuttings. S2. Preparation of cuttings: On October 14, 2025, when the average daily temperature was 20℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The branches were cut into 15cm segments with four buds per segment according to the internode spacing to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder solution diluted 800 times for 40 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 40 minutes, apply Shiqi wound healing agent (the active ingredient is acrylic synthetic resin) to the upper cut of the Litsea cubeba cuttings, tie them into a bundle and let them stand, and you will get the cuttings after the treatment to prevent browning. S4. Hormone Treatment: A 1200 mg / L ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution (Beijing Aibit Biotechnology Co., Ltd., ABT2025-04-28-006) and new yellow soil (new yellow soil usually refers to yellow soil that has not been cultivated for a long time and is in a natural or semi-natural state) containing actinomycetes, usually used for cutting propagation and seed seedling cultivation) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution; the paste-like rooting solution is evenly coated on the base of the cuttings that have undergone anti-browning treatment in S3 for 8 seconds, and after standing for 2 minutes, the hormone-treated cuttings are obtained; S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 45° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched shed, cover it with a transparent drip-free blue film (Hanya Plastics (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Renheqing, 8s thick imported anti-aging drip-free greenhouse blue film), and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 1.5 L / m. 2 ; S6. Cutting Management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a 70% shading rate. Every 15 days, spray the seedbed after cutting with an 800-fold diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder for disinfection. On the 7th day when the average daily temperature is above 10℃, spray the cuttings with foliar fertilizer (purchased from Stanley Agriculture Group Co., Ltd., with the following active ingredients: alginic acid ≥0.5g / L, nitrogen ≥8g / L, phosphorus ≥16g / L, potassium ≥6g / L, iron ≥0.05g / L, zinc ≥0.1g / L, manganese ≥0.05g / L, boron ≥0.1g / L, calcium ≥0.5g / L).

[0021] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 100% after 30 days, 98.3% after 60 days, and 83.3% after 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow after 12 days. Figure 1 As shown, some branches began to grow roots after 60 days; the soil moisture was 51%, and by the end of January of the following year, the rooting rate was found to be 83.3%. The rooting rate of the cuttings was as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the seedlings are as follows Figure 3 As shown, there is no rot.

[0022] Example 2 The experiment was conducted at the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil consisted of vermiculite and volcanic rock substrate. The soil fertility was 40–100 μS / cm, the soil moisture was 52%–57%, the soil pH was 6.5, the average daily soil temperature was 3℃–28℃, the ambient light intensity was 900–2000 LUX, and the number of cuttings was 60.

[0023] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Vermiculite and volcanic rock are mixed at a mass ratio of 9:2, and then sprayed with a 600-fold diluted solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection. After covering with black film for 48 hours, the disinfected cutting substrate is obtained. The vermiculite has a particle size of 1 mm, and the volcanic rock has a particle size of 4 mm. S2. Preparation of cuttings: On September 23, 2025, when the average daily temperature was 27℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The Litsea cubeba branches were cut into 12cm segments with three buds per segment according to the internode spacing to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 600-fold diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder for 20 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 20 minutes, apply Shiqi wound healing agent to the cut surfaces of the Litsea cubeba cuttings, tie them into a bundle and let them stand to obtain cuttings treated to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1000 mg / L with new yellow mud at a mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution. Apply the paste-like rooting solution evenly to the base of the cuttings after the anti-browning treatment obtained in S3 for 5 seconds. After standing for 1 minute, the cuttings after hormone treatment are obtained. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 40° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, cover it with a transparent, drip-free blue film, and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 1L / m 2 ; S6. Cutting Management: Place the seedling bed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray the seedling bed after cutting with an 800-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days for disinfection. On the 7th day when the average daily temperature is above 10℃, spray the cuttings with foliar fertilizer.

[0024] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 96.6% after 30 days, 88.3% after 60 days, and 78.3% after 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow after 15 days, and some branches began to grow roots after 65 days; the soil moisture was 53%, and the rooting rate was found to be 78.3% at the end of January of the following year, with no rot.

[0025] Example 3 The experiment was conducted at the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil consisted of vermiculite and volcanic rock substrate. The soil fertility was 40–100 μS / cm, the soil moisture was 52%–60%, the soil pH was 6.5, the average daily soil temperature was 3℃–20℃, the ambient light intensity was 900–1300 LUX, and the number of cuttings was 60.

[0026] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Vermiculite and volcanic rock are mixed at a mass ratio of 8:1, and then sprayed with a 700-fold diluted solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection. After covering with black film for 48 hours, the disinfected cutting substrate is obtained. The vermiculite has a particle size of 4 mm, and the volcanic rock has a particle size of 1 mm. S2. Preparation of cuttings: On October 15, 2025, when the average daily temperature was 25℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The branches were cut into 16cm segments with five buds per segment according to the internode spacing to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 1000-fold diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder for 10 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 20 minutes, apply Shiqi wound healing agent to the cut surfaces of the Litsea cubeba cuttings, tie them into a bundle and let them stand to obtain cuttings treated to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1500 mg / L and new yellow mud at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution. Apply the paste-like rooting solution evenly to the base of the cuttings that have undergone anti-browning treatment in S3 for 10 seconds. After standing for 90 seconds, the cuttings have been treated with hormones. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 50° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, cover it with a transparent, drip-free blue film, and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 2L / m 2 ; S6. Cutting Management: Place the seedling bed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray the seedling bed after cutting with an 800-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days for disinfection. On the 7th day when the average daily temperature is above 10℃, spray the cuttings with foliar fertilizer.

[0027] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 96.6% after 30 days, 91.6% after 60 days, and 81.6% after 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow after 15 days, and some branches began to grow roots after 65 days; the soil moisture was 55%, and the rooting rate was found to be 81.6% at the end of January of the following year, with no rot.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 The experiment was conducted at the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil was new yellow clay substrate. The soil fertility ranged from 28 to 181 μS / cm, the soil moisture ranged from 54% to 64%, the soil pH ranged from 6.5, the average daily soil temperature ranged from 3℃ to 28℃, and the ambient light ranged from 1034 to 6039 LUX. The number of cuttings was 60.

[0029] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Spray the new yellow mud with an 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection, and cover it with black film for 24 hours to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. The particle size of the new yellow clay is 8 mm; S2. Preparation of cuttings: On September 23, 2024, when the average daily temperature was 28℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The Litsea cubeba branches were cut into 12cm sections with three buds per section to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder solution diluted 800 times for 20 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 20 minutes, then tie them into a bundle to obtain the cuttings after the treatment to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1500 mg / L with new yellow mud at a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution; apply the paste-like rooting solution evenly to the base of the cuttings after anti-browning treatment obtained in S3 for 5 seconds, let it stand for 1 minute, and obtain the hormone-treated cuttings. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 40° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, cover it with a transparent, drip-free blue film, and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 1.5 L / m. 2 ; S6. Cutting management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%, and spray it with 800 times diluted thiophanate-methyl wettable powder for disinfection every 15 days.

[0030] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 78.3% in 30 days, 46.6% in 60 days, and 40% in 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow in 20 days, and some branches began to grow roots in 60 days; the soil moisture was 63%, and the rooting rate was found to be 26.6% at the end of January of the following year, with no rot.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 The experiment was conducted at the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil was new yellow clay substrate. The soil fertility ranged from 30 to 190 μS / cm, the soil moisture ranged from 57% to 68%, the soil pH ranged from 6.5, the average daily soil temperature ranged from 3℃ to 26℃, and the ambient light ranged from 1020 to 5203 LUX. The number of cuttings was 60.

[0032] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Spray the new yellow mud with an 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection, and cover it with black film for 48 hours to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. The particle size of the new yellow clay is 10 mm; S2. Preparation of cuttings: On October 14, 2025, when the average daily temperature was 23℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The Litsea cubeba branches were cut into 14cm sections with four buds in each section to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 70% wettable powder of methyl thiophanate diluted 800 times for 20 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 20 minutes, then brush the cut ends of the cuttings with floral cold glue (Japan Osais Corporation, styrene-butadiene rubber solvent-based adhesive), and tie them into a bundle to obtain the cuttings after the treatment to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1000 mg / L with new yellow mud at a mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution. Apply the paste-like rooting solution evenly to the base of the cuttings after the anti-browning treatment obtained in S3 for 6 seconds. After standing for 1 minute, the cuttings after hormone treatment are obtained. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 45° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, cover it with a transparent, drip-free blue film, and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 1L / m 2 ; S6. Cutting management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray disinfectant with a diluted solution of 800 times thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days. Apply foliar fertilizer on the 7th day after each disinfection when the average daily temperature is above 10℃.

[0033] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 96% in 30 days, 75% in 60 days, and 53.3% in 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow in 15 days, and some branches began to grow roots in 65 days; the soil moisture was 63%, and the rooting rate was found to be 48.3% at the end of January of the following year, with no rot.

[0034] Comparative Example 3 The experiment was conducted at the cutting test shed of the Guilin Forestry Science Research Institute. The soil consisted of perlite and coconut coir substrate. The soil fertility ranged from 179 to 255 μS / cm, the soil moisture ranged from 58% to 67%, the soil pH ranged from 6.0, the average daily soil temperature ranged from 3°C to 20°C, and the ambient light intensity ranged from 718 to 1042 LUX. The number of cuttings was 60.

[0035] The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba in this embodiment is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: Mix perlite and coconut coir in a 1:1 mass ratio, spray with a 700-fold diluted solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection, and cover with black film for 48 hours to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. The perlite has a particle size of 2 mm, and the coconut coir has a particle size of 3 mm. S2. Preparation of cuttings: On October 14, 2025, when the average daily temperature was 23℃, disease-free and semi-lignified Litsea cubeba branches were collected from the fruiting mother trees. The branches were cut into 16cm segments with three buds per segment according to the internode spacing to obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a 600-fold diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder for 30 minutes, take them out and let them stand for 30 minutes, then brush the cut surfaces of the cuttings with a wound healing agent, and tie them into a bundle to obtain the cuttings after the treatment to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1200 mg / L with new yellow mud at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain a paste-like rooting solution; apply the paste-like rooting solution evenly to the base of the cuttings after anti-browning treatment obtained in S3 for 8 seconds, and let it stand for 2 minutes to obtain the hormone-treated cuttings. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 at a 50° angle into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, cover it with a transparent, drip-free blue film, and cover the edges of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. The amount of water sprayed is 2L / m 2 ; S6. Cutting management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray disinfectant with a diluted solution of 800 times thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days. Apply foliar fertilizer on the 7th day after each disinfection when the average daily temperature is above 10℃.

[0036] Using this method, the survival rate of Litsea cubeba cuttings in autumn reached 96.6% in 30 days, 80% in 60 days, and 55% in 90 days; the stem buds began to sprout and grow in 15 days, and some branches began to grow roots in 65 days; the soil moisture was 64%, and the rooting rate was found to be 53.3% at the end of January of the following year, with no rot.

[0037] In summary, this invention primarily focuses on key steps in preventing browning of cuttings, hormone treatment, soil moisture control in different propagation substrates, and post-propagation water and fertilizer management. The core logic lies in applying a wound-healing agent to the upper cut of the *Litsea cubeba* cutting. This step effectively promotes callus formation, prevents pathogen invasion of plant wounds, disinfects and sterilizes to prevent wound rot, rapidly forms a film resistant to water rinsing to avoid secondary pollution, and simultaneously prevents water and nutrient loss. The core logic of hormone modification is that low rooting agent concentrations result in slow rooting and low survival rates, while high rooting agent concentrations lead to leaf yellowing, leaf drop, and cutting death. Appropriately increasing the rooting agent concentration helps improve both survival and rooting rates. The core logic behind changing the cutting substrate lies in the fact that water management is the primary factor for successful cutting. The differences in water retention and aeration of different substrates directly affect the survival rate of cuttings. As can be seen from the soil moisture monitoring data ranges of the examples and comparative examples, high humidity significantly reduces the survival rate. Volcanic rock has a porous structure with strong aeration, is naturally weakly acidic, and is rich in trace elements (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.). Vermiculite has stable chemical properties, a pH value of 7-8 (neutral to weakly alkaline), and strong water absorption. Litsea cubeba prefers weakly acidic soil. By properly mixing volcanic rock and vermiculite substrates, the aeration of the cutting substrate can be improved, the humidity of the substrate can be controlled, the antibacterial ability of the substrate can be enhanced, and a weakly acidic soil environment can be provided, thereby improving the survival rate and rooting rate of Litsea cubeba. The substrate humidity control operation is simple, low-cost, and easy to promote. The core logic behind the changes in water and fertilizer management is as follows: After the leaf buds of the cuttings emerge, they consume the nutrients of the cuttings, which is not conducive to root growth; increased transpiration easily leads to water loss; and a large amount of auxin is transported upward, which is not conducive to rooting. By supplementing with foliar fertilizer that promotes rooting, the nutrients and auxin of the cuttings can be effectively replenished, thereby improving the survival rate and promoting rooting of the cuttings.

[0038] Existing research indicates that the optimal time for Litsea cubeba cuttings is spring, with the highest survival rate. Only a few scholars have conducted cutting experiments in autumn, with a survival rate of only 33%. A few others have used autumn cuttings as explants for tissue culture experiments. Autumn weather is dry with little rain, resulting in high-quality cuttings with sufficient endogenous nutrients, fewer pests and diseases, and easier sterilization, effectively reducing cutting rot. This invention uses a drip-free blue film covering an arched greenhouse, which is thicker than ordinary agricultural film and has better heat insulation, effectively coping with the low temperatures in Guilin. The drip-free, anti-fog water vapor forms a uniform water film inside the film, flowing down the wall without forming water droplets, protecting leaves / cuts from cold water damage, avoiding localized overwetting of the substrate that could lead to root and stem rot, and increasing light transmittance within the greenhouse. The blue film filters some ultraviolet light and enhances blue light, which is beneficial for root basal differentiation, root development, and rooting of cuttings, effectively improving the survival rate of autumn cuttings. Healthy overwintered seedlings grow earlier and faster in spring, offering advantages over spring-cut seedlings. In summary, the method of this invention increases the survival rate of autumn cuttings from 33% to 78.3%, extending the optimal time for Litsea cubeba cuttings to two seasons.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings, characterized in that, The method is as follows: S1. Preparation of cutting substrate: After mixing vermiculite and volcanic rock, disinfect with a diluted solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder. Cover with black film for 48 hours, then uncover to obtain the disinfected cutting substrate. S2. Preparation of cuttings: From September to October, when the average daily temperature is 20℃ to 27℃, collect disease-free branches of Litsea cubeba from the fruiting mother trees, cut them into sections, and obtain Litsea cubeba cuttings. S3. Treatment to prevent browning: Soak the Litsea cubeba cuttings obtained in S2 in a diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, take them out and let them stand, apply a wound healing agent to the upper cut of the Litsea cubeba cuttings, and tie them up to obtain cuttings treated to prevent browning. S4. Hormone treatment: Mix the rooting agent solution with fresh yellow mud to obtain a paste-like rooting solution. Apply the paste-like rooting solution to the base of the cuttings after the anti-browning treatment obtained in S3, 3cm to 6cm away. After standing, the cuttings after hormone treatment are obtained. S5. Cuttings: After spraying the disinfected cutting substrate obtained in S1 with clean water, place it in the seedling bed. Insert the hormone-treated cuttings obtained in S4 into the disinfected cutting substrate. After cutting, install wire frames on both sides of the seedling bed to form an arched frame, and cover it with a drip-free blue film. Cover the edge of the drip-free blue film with bricks to obtain the seedling bed after cutting. S6. Cutting Management: Place the seedbed after cutting in S5 in a shade net with a shading rate of 70%. Spray the seedbed after cutting with a diluted solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder every 15 days for disinfection. When the average daily temperature is above 10℃, spray the cuttings with foliar fertilizer.

2. The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of vermiculite to volcanic rock in S1 is (8-9):(1-2); the particle size of both vermiculite and volcanic rock is 1mm-4mm; the dilution ratio of the 50% carbendazim wettable powder is 600-800 times.

3. The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the Litsea cubeba cuttings in S2 is 12cm to 16cm; the number of buds in the Litsea cubeba cuttings is ≥3.

4. The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dilution ratio of the 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in S3 is 600 to 1000 times; the soaking time is 10 to 40 minutes; and the standing time is 20 to 40 minutes.

5. The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rooting agent solution mentioned in S4 is an ABT No. 1 rooting agent solution with a mass concentration of 1000 mg / L to 1500 mg / L; the mass ratio of the rooting agent solution to the new yellow mud is (1 to 2): (2 to 4); the standing time is 1 min to 2 min.

6. The method for autumn propagation of Litsea cubeba by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion method in S5 is as follows: insert the cuttings into the substrate at a 40°–50° angle to the surface of the seedbed; spray water at a rate of 1 L / m². 2 ~2L / m 2 .

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