Anti-creeping insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying and spraying system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic spraying equipment, and discloses an anti-creeping insulation spraying rod for electrostatic spraying and a spraying system.The anti-creeping insulation spraying rod for electrostatic spraying comprises an insulation spraying rod body, a high-voltage cable sealing protection module and an insulation connection adaptation module, and the high-voltage cable sealing protection module is arranged in the insulation spraying rod body; the insulation connection adaptive module is arranged at the end part of the insulation spray rod body; an all-dimensional anti-creeping barrier is constructed through targeted structural design, a complete physical anti-creeping system is formed from a composite insulation framework of the spray boom body to multiple sealing protection of a high-voltage cable to insulation connection design between components, and various electric leakage paths in a high-voltage electrostatic spraying scene are effectively blocked; through the optimization of the structural level, the risk of electric leakage is avoided from the source, the problems that a traditional spraying rod is insufficient in insulation performance, ineffective in sealing and the like are solved, reliable safety guarantee is provided for high-voltage electrostatic spraying operation, and the safety of operators and equipment is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrostatic spraying equipment, and more particularly to a leakage-proof insulating spray bar and spraying system for electrostatic spraying. Background Technology

[0002] Electrostatic spraying technology has been widely used in agricultural pest and disease control, industrial surface coating and other fields due to its advantages of high adhesion efficiency and uniform coverage after the droplets are charged.

[0003] The core of this technology is to apply high-voltage electrostatic charge to the spray bar and nozzle through a high-voltage generator, so that the atomized droplets carry a charge, thereby enhancing the droplets' ability to adsorb target objects.

[0004] However, the application of high voltage electrostatics, especially -30kV, poses a serious risk of leakage to the spray boom, which is a key component for charge transmission and droplet generation. The insulation performance of the spray boom, the sealing effect of the cable routing, and the connection method between components directly determine the safety and stability of high voltage electrostatic spraying operations, becoming the core safety bottleneck restricting the promotion and application of electrostatic spraying technology.

[0005] The existing electrostatic spray equipment's spray boom and related systems have significant deficiencies in their leakage prevention design. Traditional spray booms mostly use a single material for insulation protection, lacking a composite insulation structure, making it difficult to resist the erosion of complex environments, and their insulation performance is prone to degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a leakage-proof insulating spray bar and spray system for electrostatic spraying, so as to solve the problem that the existing electrostatic spraying equipment spray bars and related systems have obvious deficiencies in leakage-proof design. Traditional spray bars mostly use a single material for insulation protection, lack a composite insulation structure, are difficult to resist the erosion of complex environments, and have easy degradation of insulation performance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An anti-leakage insulating spray bar for electrostatic spraying includes an insulating spray bar body, a high-voltage cable sealing and protection module, and an insulating connection adapter module. The high-voltage cable sealing and protection module is disposed inside the insulating spray bar body, and the insulating connection adapter module is disposed at the end of the insulating spray bar body.

[0009] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the insulated spray bar body is integrally molded from FRP-250 fiberglass, with a PTFE insulation lining thickness of 2-3mm, a weather-resistant insulation coating breakdown strength ≥50kV / mm, a spray bar diameter of 30-40mm, a length of 1.2-1.8m for agricultural plant protection or 0.8-1.2m for industrial coating, a fiberglass material breakdown voltage ≥80kV, and a volume resistivity ≥1×10¹. 4 Ω・m, a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating lining is attached to the inner wall of the spray bar, and a weather-resistant insulating coating is sprayed onto the outer wall of the spray bar.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the high-voltage cable sealing and protection module includes an embedded cable routing channel, a silicone rubber insulating pad, a three-level sealing structure, and a temperature compensation unit. The silicone rubber insulating pad is attached to the inner wall of the embedded cable routing channel, with a Shore hardness of 50-60HA. The three-level sealing structure consists of a nitrile rubber sealing ring, an epoxy potting compound layer, and a metal compression sealing sleeve from the inside out. The nitrile rubber sealing ring has a voltage withstand capability of ≥50kV, and the epoxy potting compound has a volume resistivity of ≥1×10¹³Ω・m. The temperature compensation unit includes an elastic sealing element, with an adaptable temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃ and a sealing pressure of ≥0.3MPa.

[0011] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the insulating connection adapter module includes a ceramic insulating joint, a double O-ring seal, an insulating cover, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic support. The surface of the ceramic insulating joint is treated with anti-flashover and has a hydrophobicity level ≥ HC1. The insulating cover is made of modified nylon PA66 with an insulation resistance ≥ 1 × 10¹² Ω. The glass fiber reinforced plastic support has an insulation resistance ≥ 5 × 10¹¹ Ω. The breakdown voltage of the ceramic insulating joint is ≥ 60 kV.

[0012] An anti-leakage insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying includes an anti-leakage insulating spray bar, a real-time leakage monitoring module, a leakage risk assessment and graded response module, and a closed-loop optimization and maintenance module. The real-time leakage monitoring module is connected to the anti-leakage insulating spray bar, the leakage risk assessment and graded response module is communicatively connected to the real-time leakage monitoring module, and the closed-loop optimization and maintenance module is communicatively connected to the leakage risk assessment and graded response module.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the real-time leakage monitoring module includes a leakage current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a data acquisition unit. The leakage current sensor is installed at the connection end between the spray bar and the high-voltage generator, with a measurement range of 0-10μA and an accuracy of ≤0.1μA. The voltage sensor has a measurement range of 0-50kV and an error of ≤±1%. The data acquisition unit has a sampling frequency of 10Hz and includes a LoRa and WiFi dual-mode communication module.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the leakage risk assessment and graded response module includes a leakage risk assessment model, a graded early warning unit, and a parameter adjustment unit. The core formula of the leakage risk assessment model is: ,in This is the leakage current risk coefficient, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. To allow the maximum leakage current, a value of 3μA is selected. The measured leakage current is expressed in μA. The safety insulation voltage threshold is set at 40kV. The measured voltage of the spray boom surface to ground is in kV.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the graded early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm, a high-voltage regulation module, and a power cut-off module, with a mild risk assessment range of 0.3 ≤ If the value is less than 0.6, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered. The range for determining a moderate risk is 0.6 ≤ If the voltage is less than 0.8, activate the high-voltage regulation module to reduce the voltage to -20kV. This falls within the range for determining severe risk. ≥0.8, activate the power cut-off module to cut off the high-voltage power supply; the parameter adjustment unit includes an environmental adaptation algorithm to dynamically optimize the sealing pressure compensation value based on the ambient temperature and humidity.

[0016] As a further improvement to this technical solution: the closed-loop optimization and maintenance module includes a model parameter optimization tool, a maintenance record unit, and an insulation performance testing tool. The model parameter optimization tool adopts the gradient descent method with a learning rate η=0.001, and optimizes the leakage current risk assessment model parameters monthly based on data from the past 30 days. The maintenance record unit records maintenance content, maintenance time, and maintenance effects to form a maintenance ledger. The insulation performance testing tool tests the insulation resistance of the spray bar body, sealing structure, and insulation connection parts every 30 working days.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention constructs a comprehensive anti-leakage barrier through targeted structural design. From the composite insulation structure of the spray boom body to the multiple sealing protection of the high-voltage cable, and the insulation connection design between components, a complete physical anti-leakage system is formed, effectively blocking various leakage paths in high-voltage electrostatic spraying scenarios. This structural optimization avoids leakage risks at the source and solves the pain points of insufficient insulation performance and sealing failure of traditional spray booms, providing reliable safety protection for high-voltage electrostatic spraying operations and ensuring the safety of operators and equipment.

[0019] 2. The system of this invention integrates real-time monitoring, intelligent assessment and dynamic optimization functions, realizing intelligent and long-term leakage protection; through continuous monitoring of key parameters and quantitative risk assessment, it can accurately identify potential hazards and trigger graded responses, avoiding problems of over-handling or untimely handling; at the same time, the closed-loop optimization mechanism and regular maintenance guidelines can continuously optimize the protection strategy based on environmental changes and long-term operating data, extend the service life of equipment, reduce maintenance costs, improve the system's adaptability to complex working conditions, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of high-voltage electrostatic spraying.

[0020] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of an anti-leakage insulating spray boom and spray system for electrostatic spraying. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, an anti-leakage insulating spray bar and spray system for electrostatic spraying include an insulating spray bar body, a high-voltage cable sealing and protection module and an insulating connection adapter module. The high-voltage cable sealing and protection module is disposed inside the insulating spray bar body, and the insulating connection adapter module is disposed at the end of the insulating spray bar body.

[0025] Specifically, the insulated spray boom body serves as the overall support and insulation foundation, the high-voltage cable sealing and protection module is used to block leakage paths at cable routing points, and the insulation connection adapter module enables the insulation connection between the spray boom, nozzle, and frame. The three modules work together to form the basic architecture for preventing leakage of the spray boom, clearly defining the overall structural logic.

[0026] The insulated spray boom body is made of FRP-250 fiberglass in one piece, with a PTFE insulation lining thickness of 2-3mm, a weather-resistant insulation coating breakdown strength ≥50kV / mm, a spray boom diameter of 30-40mm, and a length of 1.2-1.8m for agricultural plant protection or 0.8-1.2m for industrial coating. The fiberglass material has a breakdown voltage ≥80kV and a volume resistivity ≥1×10¹. 4 Ω・m, PTFE insulating lining is bonded to the inner wall of the spray bar, and weather-resistant insulating coating is sprayed onto the outer wall of the spray bar;

[0027] Specifically, the FRP-250 type fiberglass integral molded pole is the core support component, with a breakdown voltage ≥80kV and a volume resistivity ≥1×10¹. 4 The Ω・m performance parameter ensures that it has excellent insulation properties while meeting the mechanical strength requirements of spraying operations;

[0028] The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) insulating lining is 2-3 mm thick and fits the inner wall of the spray bar. Its low surface energy and high insulation properties prevent the inner wall from getting damp or having contaminants attached, thus preventing leakage paths.

[0029] The weather-resistant insulating coating has a breakdown strength of ≥50kV / mm and is sprayed on the outer wall of the spray bar to resist ultraviolet rays, rainwater, and dust erosion, and to prevent the insulation performance from degrading under outdoor conditions.

[0030] The spray boom has a diameter of 30-40mm and a length of 1.2-1.8m for agricultural plant protection and 0.8-1.2m for industrial coating, to suit the installation and spraying needs of different application scenarios.

[0031] The high-voltage cable sealing and protection module includes an embedded cable routing channel, a silicone rubber insulation pad, a three-level sealing structure, and a temperature compensation unit. The silicone rubber insulation pad is attached to the inner wall of the embedded cable routing channel, with a Shore hardness of 50-60HA. The three-level sealing structure consists of a nitrile rubber sealing ring, an epoxy potting compound layer, and a metal crimp sealing sleeve from the inside out. The nitrile rubber sealing ring has a voltage withstand capability of ≥50kV, and the epoxy potting compound has a volume resistivity of ≥1×10¹³Ω・m. The temperature compensation unit includes an elastic seal, with an applicable temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃ and a sealing pressure of ≥0.3MPa.

[0032] Specifically, embedded cable routing channels are used to conceal high-voltage cables, reducing the contact area between the cables and the external environment and lowering the risk of leakage.

[0033] The silicone rubber insulating pad is attached to the inner wall of the channel, with a Shore hardness of 50-60HA, which not only enhances the insulation and isolation effect between the cable and the channel, but also plays a role in buffering and fixing.

[0034] The three-stage sealing structure consists of, from the inside out, a nitrile rubber sealing ring, an epoxy potting compound layer, and a metal press-fit sealing sleeve. The nitrile rubber sealing ring has a voltage resistance of ≥50kV, achieving the first basic seal; the epoxy potting compound has a volume resistivity of ≥1×10¹³Ω・m, filling the gap between the channel and the cable to form the second layer of insulation protection; and the metal press-fit sealing sleeve reinforces the structure and forms the third sealing barrier. This triple protection completely blocks the intrusion of moisture and dust.

[0035] The temperature compensation unit includes an elastic seal that is compatible with a temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃. It is used to absorb the thermal expansion and contraction of materials caused by temperature changes and to prevent the sealing structure from cracking.

[0036] The insulation connection adapter module includes a ceramic insulation connector, a double O-ring seal, an insulation cover, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic support. The surface of the ceramic insulation connector is treated with anti-flashover and has a hydrophobicity rating of ≥HC1. The insulation cover is made of modified nylon PA66 with an insulation resistance of ≥1×10¹²Ω. The glass fiber reinforced plastic support has an insulation resistance of ≥5×10¹¹Ω. The breakdown voltage of the ceramic insulation connector is ≥60kV.

[0037] Specifically, the ceramic insulating joint is the core connecting component between the nozzle and the spray bar. It has a breakdown voltage of ≥60kV, and its surface is treated with anti-flashover and has a hydrophobicity level of ≥HC1 to prevent surface condensation from forming creepage paths.

[0038] Double O-rings are used to enhance the sealing of the joint connection and prevent moisture from entering the joint gap and causing leakage.

[0039] The insulating cover is made of modified nylon PA66 with an insulation resistance of ≥1×10¹²Ω. It is used to wrap the connection between the connector and the nozzle to prevent the metal parts from being exposed. The glass fiber reinforced plastic bracket has an insulation resistance of ≥5×10¹¹Ω. It is used to connect the spray bar to the metal frame, isolate the conductive path between the frame and the spray bar, and absorb vibrations during spraying operations to protect the insulation structure.

[0040] An anti-leakage insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying includes an anti-leakage insulating spray bar, a real-time leakage monitoring module, a leakage risk assessment and graded response module, and a closed-loop optimization and maintenance module. The real-time leakage monitoring module is connected to the anti-leakage insulating spray bar, the leakage risk assessment and graded response module is communicatively connected to the real-time leakage monitoring module, and the closed-loop optimization and maintenance module is communicatively connected to the leakage risk assessment and graded response module.

[0041] Specifically, the leakage-proof insulating spray bar is the core component of the system, providing the basic leakage-proof structure; the real-time leakage monitoring module is used to collect key electrical parameters; the leakage risk assessment and graded response module is used to process monitoring data and trigger responses; the closed-loop optimization and maintenance module is used for system performance iteration and long-term maintenance; the modules form a complete system through communication or physical connection, clarifying the overall system architecture.

[0042] The real-time leakage current monitoring module includes a leakage current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a data acquisition unit. The leakage current sensor is installed at the connection end between the spray bar and the high-voltage generator, with a measurement range of 0-10μA and an accuracy of ≤0.1μA. The voltage sensor has a measurement range of 0-50kV and an error of ≤±1%. The data acquisition unit has a sampling frequency of 10Hz and includes a LoRa and WiFi dual-mode communication module.

[0043] Specifically, the leakage current sensor is installed at the connection end between the spray bar and the high-pressure generator, with a measurement range of 0-10μA and an accuracy of ≤0.1μA, and is used to accurately capture the tiny leakage current signal of the spray bar;

[0044] The voltage sensor has a measurement range of 0-50kV and an error of ≤±1%. It is used to collect the voltage between the spray bar surface and ground, reflecting the withstand voltage status of the insulation layer.

[0045] The data acquisition unit has a sampling frequency of 10Hz and is used to continuously receive sensor data. The included LoRa / WiFi dual-mode communication module is used to stably transmit data to the leakage risk assessment and graded response module, ensuring that the monitoring data is not delayed or lost.

[0046] The leakage current risk assessment and graded response module includes a leakage current risk assessment model, a graded early warning unit, and a parameter adjustment unit. The core formula of the leakage current risk assessment model is: ,in This is the leakage current risk coefficient, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. To allow the maximum leakage current, a value of 3μA is selected. The measured leakage current is expressed in μA. The safety insulation voltage threshold is set at 40kV. The measured voltage of the spray boom surface to ground is expressed in kV.

[0047] Specifically, the core functions of the module consist of a leakage current risk assessment model, a tiered early warning unit, and a parameter adjustment unit; the core formula of the leakage current risk assessment model is: ,in This is the leakage current risk coefficient, ranging from 0 to 1. A higher value indicates a higher risk of leakage current. To allow a maximum leakage current of 3μA, based on the -30kV high-voltage safety standard, ensuring no risk of electric shock upon human contact. The measured leakage current, in μA, is acquired in real time by a leakage current sensor. The safety insulation voltage threshold is set at 40kV. A 10kV safety redundancy is reserved for voltages above -30kV operating voltage. The voltage of the spray bar surface to ground is measured in kV and collected in real time by a voltage sensor. This formula quantifies the risk of leakage by coupling leakage current and insulation voltage, thus avoiding the one-sidedness of assessment by a single indicator.

[0048] The graded early warning unit is used to trigger corresponding measures based on the risk coefficient, and the parameter adjustment unit is used to dynamically optimize the protection strategy.

[0049] The graded early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm, a high-voltage regulation module, and a power cut-off module. The range for determining mild risk is 0.3 ≤ If the value is less than 0.6, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered. The range for determining a moderate risk is 0.6 ≤ If the voltage is less than 0.8, activate the high-voltage regulation module to reduce the voltage to -20kV. This falls within the range for determining severe risk. ≥0.8, activate the power cut-off module to cut off the high-voltage power supply; the parameter adjustment unit includes an environmental adaptation algorithm to dynamically optimize the sealing pressure compensation value based on the ambient temperature and humidity;

[0050] Specifically, the tiered early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm, a high-voltage regulation module, and a power cut-off module; the range for determining mild risk is 0.3 ≤ If the value is less than 0.6, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered, prompting the operator to pay attention to the environmental conditions; the range for determining moderate risk is 0.6 ≤ If the voltage is less than 0.8, activate the high-voltage regulation module to reduce the operating voltage to -20kV to decrease the risk of leakage. The range for determining severe risk is... If the voltage is ≥0.8, the power cut-off module will be activated to cut off the high-voltage power supply and prevent electric shock accidents.

[0051] The parameter adjustment unit includes an environmental adaptation algorithm, which dynamically optimizes the sealing pressure compensation value of the high-voltage cable sealing protection module based on environmental temperature and humidity data, thereby enhancing the system's adaptability to complex environments.

[0052] The closed-loop optimization and maintenance module includes a model parameter optimization tool, a maintenance record unit, and an insulation performance testing tool. The model parameter optimization tool uses the gradient descent method with a learning rate η=0.001. It optimizes the leakage current risk assessment model parameters monthly based on data from the past 30 days. The maintenance record unit records maintenance content, maintenance time, and maintenance results to form a maintenance log. The insulation performance testing tool tests the insulation resistance of the spray bar body, sealing structure, and insulation connection parts every 30 working days.

[0053] Specifically, the model parameter optimization tool uses the gradient descent method with a learning rate η=0.001. The leakage current risk assessment model parameters are optimized monthly based on data from the past 30 days to minimize risk assessment error and improve the long-term accuracy of the system's assessment.

[0054] The maintenance record unit is used to record maintenance content, maintenance time, and maintenance results, forming a maintenance log to provide a reference for subsequent maintenance.

[0055] Insulation performance testing tools are used to test the insulation resistance of the spray bar body, sealing structure, and insulation connection parts every 30 working days, so as to detect components with deteriorated insulation performance in advance and facilitate timely replacement or maintenance.

[0056] The method of use and working principle of this invention are as follows:

[0057] Instructions for use: First, assemble the components of the anti-leakage insulation spray bar according to your needs. Connect the monitoring, evaluation, and optimization modules in the system, and complete the benchmark calibration and parameter configuration of each component to ensure reliable connection and performance compliance between modules. After starting the system, high-voltage electrostatic spraying will be carried out simultaneously. The system will automatically activate the leakage monitoring function, capture relevant operating parameters in real time, and transmit them to the evaluation module. The evaluation module will determine the risk level and trigger corresponding response measures. During operation, no manual intervention is required in the core anti-leakage process. You only need to pay attention to the mild risk warnings as prompted by the system, and regularly record the operating status and test the insulation performance through the maintenance module. With the model iterative optimization, the long-term stable use of the system can be guaranteed.

[0058] Working Principle: Multi-dimensional protection and intelligent control ensure safety against leakage current. The composite insulation structure of the spray boom, the sealed protection design of the high-voltage cable, and the insulated connection components physically block leakage current paths, forming a basic leakage current barrier. The monitoring module collects leakage-related operating parameters in real time, transmits them to the risk assessment module, quantifies the leakage risk using a preset model, and then the graded response unit triggers early warning, voltage regulation, or power cut-off measures based on the risk level. The parameter adjustment unit dynamically optimizes the protection strategy based on environmental changes, while the closed-loop optimization module continuously iterates model parameters and improves maintenance plans based on historical data. All modules work together to structurally eliminate leakage risks and ensure safety and stability during high-voltage electrostatic spraying through intelligent monitoring and dynamic adjustment.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the description above. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, using the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leakage-proof insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying, characterized in that, It includes an insulated spray bar body, a high-voltage cable sealing and protection module, and an insulation connection adapter module. The high-voltage cable sealing and protection module is located inside the insulated spray bar body, and the insulation connection adapter module is located at the end of the insulated spray bar body.

2. The anti-leakage insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulated spray boom body is made of FRP-250 fiberglass integral molding, with a PTFE insulation lining thickness of 2-3mm, a weather-resistant insulation coating breakdown strength ≥50kV / mm, a spray boom diameter of 30-40mm, a length of 1.2-1.8m for agricultural plant protection or 0.8-1.2m for industrial coating, a fiberglass material breakdown voltage ≥80kV, and a volume resistivity ≥1×10¹. 4 Ω・m, a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating lining is attached to the inner wall of the spray bar, and a weather-resistant insulating coating is sprayed onto the outer wall of the spray bar.

3. The anti-leakage insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage cable sealing and protection module includes an embedded cable routing channel, a silicone rubber insulating pad, a three-level sealing structure, and a temperature compensation unit. The silicone rubber insulating pad is attached to the inner wall of the embedded cable routing channel and has a Shore hardness of 50-60HA. The three-level sealing structure consists of a nitrile rubber sealing ring, an epoxy potting compound layer, and a metal compression sealing sleeve from the inside out. The nitrile rubber sealing ring has a voltage withstand capability of ≥50kV, and the epoxy potting compound has a volume resistivity of ≥1×10¹³Ω・m. The temperature compensation unit includes an elastic sealing element, with an applicable temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃ and a sealing pressure of ≥0.3MPa.

4. The anti-leakage insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating connection adapter module includes a ceramic insulating joint, a double O-ring seal, an insulating cover, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic support. The surface of the ceramic insulating joint is treated with anti-flashover and has a hydrophobicity rating of ≥HC1. The insulating cover is made of modified nylon PA66 with an insulation resistance of ≥1×10¹²Ω. The glass fiber reinforced plastic support has an insulation resistance of ≥5×10¹¹Ω. The breakdown voltage of the ceramic insulating joint is ≥60kV.

5. A leakage-proof insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying, applied to a leakage-proof insulating spray boom for electrostatic spraying as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes a leakage-proof insulating spray bar, a leakage real-time monitoring module, a leakage risk assessment and graded response module, and a closed-loop optimization and maintenance module. The leakage real-time monitoring module is connected to the leakage-proof insulating spray bar, the leakage risk assessment and graded response module is communicatively connected to the leakage real-time monitoring module, and the closed-loop optimization and maintenance module is communicatively connected to the leakage risk assessment and graded response module.

6. A leakage-proof insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, The real-time leakage current monitoring module includes a leakage current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a data acquisition unit. The leakage current sensor is installed at the connection end between the spray bar and the high-voltage generator, with a measurement range of 0-10μA and an accuracy of ≤0.1μA. The voltage sensor has a measurement range of 0-50kV and an error of ≤±1%. The data acquisition unit has a sampling frequency of 10Hz and includes a LoRa and WiFi dual-mode communication module.

7. A leakage-proof insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, The leakage current risk assessment and graded response module includes a leakage current risk assessment model, a graded early warning unit, and a parameter adjustment unit. The core formula of the leakage current assessment model is: ,in This is the leakage current risk coefficient, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. To allow the maximum leakage current, a value of 3μA is selected. The measured leakage current is expressed in μA. The safety insulation voltage threshold is set at 40kV. The measured voltage of the spray boom surface to ground is in kV.

8. A leakage-proof insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying according to claim 7, characterized in that, The graded early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm, a high-voltage regulation module, and a power cut-off module. The range for determining mild risk is 0.3 ≤ If the value is less than 0.6, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered. The range for determining a moderate risk is 0.6 ≤ If the voltage is less than 0.8, activate the high-voltage regulation module to reduce the voltage to -20kV. This falls within the range for determining severe risk. ≥0.8, activate the power cut-off module to cut off the high-voltage power supply; the parameter adjustment unit includes an environmental adaptation algorithm to dynamically optimize the sealing pressure compensation value based on the ambient temperature and humidity.

9. A leakage-proof insulating spray system for electrostatic spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closed-loop optimization and maintenance module includes a model parameter optimization tool, a maintenance record unit, and an insulation performance testing tool. The model parameter optimization tool uses the gradient descent method with a learning rate η=0.

001. It optimizes the leakage current risk assessment model parameters monthly based on data from the past 30 days. The maintenance record unit records maintenance content, maintenance time, and maintenance results to form a maintenance log. The insulation performance testing tool tests the insulation resistance of the spray bar body, sealing structure, and insulation connection parts every 30 working days.

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