Cleaning-rust prevention integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearing as well as preparation method and use method of cleaning-rust prevention integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a cleaning-rust prevention integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for a bearing as well as a preparation method and a use method of the cleaning-rust prevention integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent. According to the cleaning agent, C11-13 isoparaffin and a C10-12 dearomatized hydrocarbon solvent are used as main bodies, and polyol ester, an imidazoline corrosion inhibitor, an overbased calcium sulfonate antirust agent, an epoxy silane coupling agent and other components are added; during preparation, all the components are mixed step by step, and the temperature and the stirring speed are controlled; during use, the bearing steel part is firstly rinsed, and then the bearing steel part is subjected to micro-water pulse treatment and standing. The rust-proof cleaning agent has excellent cleaning capacity and rust-proof effect, can form a stable protective layer on the metal surface, realizes cleaning-rust prevention integration, is low in non-volatile residue, does not influence subsequent assembly, and solves the problems that an additional rust-proof process is needed and the residue is high in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of industrial cleaning, and in particular to an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that combines cleaning and rust prevention, as well as its preparation and application methods. Background Technology

[0002] Bearings and their components typically require cleaning and rust prevention treatments during manufacturing, assembly, and storage to remove residual cutting oil, grinding fluid, and metal shavings from the machining process and to prevent oxidation and corrosion of the metal surface. In current industrial practice, hydrocarbon-based cleaning agents are widely used due to their strong ability to dissolve oil stains and their good adaptability to metal materials; however, their combination with rust prevention treatments still has certain shortcomings.

[0003] In existing technologies, bearing cleaning and rust prevention typically involve first performing hydrocarbon cleaning, followed by rust prevention measures to protect the metal surface. A common practice is to add a high proportion of oily rust-inhibiting components to the hydrocarbon cleaning agent, allowing it to form an oil film on the metal surface after cleaning to achieve rust prevention. However, this oil film leaves a large residue, easily attracting dust and impurities, which is detrimental to subsequent assembly operations and the application and distribution of lubricating grease. Furthermore, it can pose a pollution hazard on automated production lines.

[0004] Another common practice is to set up a separate rust prevention treatment process after completing hydrocarbon cleaning, and then reapply rust-preventive oil to the cleaned bearings or components. This method requires additional processes and equipment configuration, extends the production process, increases manufacturing costs and energy consumption, and there is still a risk of instantaneous corrosion on the metal surface during the transition period between cleaning and rust prevention.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem that the existing bearing cleaning and rust prevention process urgently needs to solve is how to ensure that the oil and impurities on the bearing surface are thoroughly cleaned, while simultaneously providing stable and reliable rust prevention protection to the metal surface, reducing the impact of rust residue on subsequent assembly and lubrication processes, and reducing process steps and production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that combines cleaning and rust prevention, as well as its preparation and application methods.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings, comprising the following components by weight: 60-75 parts of isoparaffin solvent; 20-35 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent; 3-6 parts of polyol ester lubricating base oil; 0.5-1.5 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor; 0.8-2.0 parts of overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor; 0.3-1.2 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidants; Metal deactivating agent 0.01~0.2 parts; The remainder is an isoparaffin solvent, bringing the total amount to 100 parts; The carbon number distribution of isoalkanes in isoalkan solvents is 11-13; In dearomatic hydrocarbon solvents, the number of carbon atoms in the dearomatic hydrocarbons ranges from 10 to 12.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the imidazoline corrosion inhibitor is an oil-soluble fatty acid imidazoline compound.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the total alkalinity of the superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor is 200~400 mgKOH / g.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the epoxy silane coupling agent is 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0011] This invention introduces polyol ester lubricating base oil, imidazoline corrosion inhibitor, superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor, and epoxy silane coupling agent into a hydrocarbon solvent system. This allows the cleaning agent to form a uniform and stable protective interface on the metal surface after removing oil stains, thus achieving reliable basic rust prevention capabilities without relying on a thick residual oil film. This balances cleaning performance, rust prevention effect, and residue control.

[0012] Specifically, polyol ester lubricating base oil, as an essential polar synergistic component in the cleaning agent, improves the wettability and spreading uniformity of the system on the metal surface without significantly reducing the volatility of hydrocarbon cleaning agents. This allows imidazoline corrosion inhibitors and overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors to come into more full and uniform contact and distribute on the metal surface during the cleaning process, thereby avoiding the problem of local enrichment or local deficiency of rust-preventive components in traditional hydrocarbon cleaning agents.

[0013] In this cleaning agent system, imidazoline corrosion inhibitors and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors form a complementary and synergistic relationship. The former provides immediate corrosion inhibition protection on the metal surface through the adsorption of nitrogen-containing groups, while the latter improves the system's tolerance to fingerprint salts and slightly acidic contaminants through alkali reserves and soap film shielding. This allows the cleaning agent to achieve a stable and reliable basic rust prevention effect without significantly increasing the amount of rust-preventing components.

[0014] Based on the aforementioned synergistic system, this invention further introduces a specific epoxy silane coupling agent. By limiting its dosage range and the order of addition, it maintains good dispersion stability in the cleaning agent system without significant pre-reaction, thereby maintaining clarity and compositional stability during the storage and use of the cleaning agent. At the same time, the epoxy silane coupling agent coexists with the nitrogen-containing interface environment formed on the metal surface by the imidazoline corrosion inhibitor, providing a material basis for the formation of a more stable protective structure under appropriate process conditions.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the epoxy silane coupling agent undergoes the following pretreatment before being added to the integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent: The epoxy silane coupling agent and the isoparaffin solvent were premixed at a mass ratio of 1:5~20 and stirred at low speed for 10~30 min at 25~40℃. Subsequently, a trace amount of water is introduced into the premixed system, the amount of water added being 0.05~0.5% of the mass of the epoxy silane coupling agent, and the mixture is kept under continuous stirring for 20~60 minutes.

[0016] First, by pretreating the epoxy silane coupling agent, it is made to have a controllable hydrolytic activity state before entering the cleaning system, thereby avoiding disordered self-condensation during the storage or use of the cleaning agent, and effectively improving the dispersion stability and interfacial reaction controllability of the coupling agent in the hydrocarbon cleaning system.

[0017] Secondly, after the cleaning agent comes into contact with the metal surface and is triggered by micro-water conditions, the pretreated epoxy silane coupling agent can preferentially undergo hydrolysis-condensation reaction on the metal oxide layer or hydroxylated surface to form an interfacial bonding structure mainly composed of Si-O-metal bonds. This allows the rust-preventive components to stably adhere to the metal surface without relying on thick oil residue, thereby significantly reducing the amount of residue on the workpiece surface after cleaning.

[0018] The second aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing the integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: Mix isomeric alkane solvent and dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent at 20~35℃ with a stirring speed of 200~400 r / min to obtain the main solvent system; S2: Add polyol ester lubricating base oil to the system obtained in step S1, and continue stirring at 30~45℃ for 15~30 min; S3: Add imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor sequentially to the system obtained in step S2, and stir at 30~45℃ for 20~40 min; S4: After step S3 is completed, add the hindered phenolic antioxidant and the metal deactivator, and continue stirring for 10-30 minutes; S5: Under the condition that the system temperature is 25~35℃, and after all the rust-preventing and stabilizing components have been added, add the epoxy silane coupling agent and stir for 15~30 min; S6: Filter the obtained system to obtain an integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the filtration includes sequential filtration processes of 1~10μm and 0.5~2μm.

[0020] The third aspect of this invention provides a method for using the integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings as described above, comprising the following steps: U1: Place the bearing steel parts in the integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent and immerse them at 20~40℃ for 1~10 minutes. After cleaning, remove them and drip dry for 30~120 seconds. U2: After dripping dry, apply a micro-water pulse treatment to the surface of the bearing steel parts; U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 20~30℃ and a relative humidity of 40~60% and let them stand.

[0021] In the integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent of the present invention, isoparaffin solvent and dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent constitute a stable main solvent system for dissolving and rapidly evaporating oil stains; polyol ester lubricating base oil, as an essential polar synergistic component, improves the wetting and spreading of the system on the metal surface during the cleaning process, so that the subsequent protective components can be evenly distributed on the metal surface; imidazoline corrosion inhibitors preferentially adsorb onto the metal surface during the cleaning stage, forming a nitrogen-enriched interfacial environment to provide basic corrosion inhibition protection; and the over-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor, with its alkali reserve and soap film shielding properties, provides the surface protective layer with buffering capacity against trace amounts of acidic contaminants and salts.

[0022] When 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is introduced as an epoxy silane coupling agent in the aforementioned basic system, if the cleaning agent is allowed to evaporate naturally, its effect on the metal surface is usually limited to limited physical adsorption or uneven reaction, making it difficult to significantly change the overall stability of the anti-rust layer. However, this invention applies a micro-water pulse treatment to the surface of the bearing steel parts after cleaning, forming a controlled, extremely thin water film on the metal surface. This provides the necessary and limited reaction conditions for the epoxy silane coupling agent on the metal surface without introducing excessive moisture.

[0023] Under these micro-water pulse triggering conditions, the epoxy silane coupling agent preferentially undergoes a directional reaction on the metal surface and forms a stable bond with the metal oxide layer. Simultaneously, its epoxy groups exhibit a further synergistic effect in the nitrogen-containing interface environment already formed by the imidazoline corrosion inhibitor, partially fixing the originally physically adsorbed corrosion inhibitor layer within the surface protective structure. Due to the rapid evaporation of the main hydrocarbon solvent during this process, the above reaction is confined to a nanoscale thin layer near the metal surface, thus avoiding the formation of thick or adhesive oil or resin films.

[0024] The resulting protective layer is not a simple oil film formed by a single component residue, but an ultrathin composite protective structure. It comprises a spreading framework provided by polyol esters, synergistic participation of imidazoline corrosion inhibitors and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate, and stabilization triggered by an epoxy silane coupling agent under specific process conditions. This structure significantly improves the stability and durability of the protective layer under humid and hot environments, fingerprint contamination, and minor external disturbances without significantly increasing surface residue, while maintaining good compatibility with subsequent greasing and assembly processes.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the micro-water pulse uses a functionalized micro-water solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent, has a conductivity of no more than 10 μS / cm, and contains 0.002~0.01 wt% amine compounds and 0.001~0.01 wt% phosphates.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the micro-water pulse is applied by atomization spraying, with a spray volume of 0.2~1.5 mg / cm³. 2 .

[0027] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects: This invention introduces polyol ester lubricating base oil, imidazoline corrosion inhibitor, and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor into a hydrocarbon cleaning agent system. This allows the cleaning agent to form a uniform and continuous basic protective layer on the surface of bearing steel parts while removing oil stains. As a result, without adding an additional rust-preventive oil process, the short-term rust prevention capability of bearing steel parts after cleaning is significantly improved, and the risk of early corrosion caused by environmental humidity or residual fingerprints after cleaning is reduced.

[0028] This invention, after cleaning, applies a micro-water pulse treatment to the surface of the bearing steel component, forming a controlled, extremely thin water film. This allows the use of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as an epoxy silane coupling agent, promoting a preferential directional reaction of the silane coupling agent on the metal surface and the formation of a stable bond with the metal oxide layer. Simultaneously, since the imidazoline corrosion inhibitor has already formed a nitrogen-containing adsorption interface on the metal surface during cleaning, the epoxy silane coupling agent, under micro-water pulse triggering conditions, further synergizes with this nitrogen-containing interface. This allows the corrosion inhibitor layer, which was originally primarily based on physical adsorption, to be partially fixed within the surface protective structure without increasing the residual thickness, thus significantly improving the stability and durability of the protective layer under humid and hot environments and under slight external disturbances.

[0029] Through the above-mentioned micro-water pulse triggering process, the distribution of the super-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor in the surface protective layer is optimized, and its alkali reserve effect is more concentrated in the adjacent area of ​​the metal surface, which improves its neutralization efficiency for trace acid pollutants and salts. Thus, under the same addition conditions, it exhibits better resistance to fingerprint corrosion and humid heat corrosion.

[0030] This invention limits the composition, conductivity, and injection volume of the micro-water pulse liquid, enabling the micro-water pulse process to stably trigger the formation of a surface protective layer without introducing excessive moisture or corrosive ions. This ensures improved rust prevention while avoiding the risk of secondary corrosion due to uncontrolled moisture, further enhancing the safety and repeatability of the process. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following provides a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, which are intended to understand rather than limit the invention.

[0036] Example 1 This embodiment discloses an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that combines cleaning and rust prevention, its preparation method, and its application method.

[0037] The integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaner, by weight, consists of the following components: Isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13): 67.15 parts, using ExxonMobil Isopar™ L.

[0038] Dearomatic hydrocarbon solvents (C10-C12): 26.0 parts, using ShellSol™ D60 from Shell.

[0039] Polyol ester (polyol ester lubricating base oil): 4.0 parts, using Cargill Priolube™ 3970.

[0040] Imidazoline corrosion inhibitor (oil-soluble): 0.8 parts, using Afton HiTEC® 536.

[0041] Alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor: 1.2 parts, using Lubrizol 2064.

[0042] Epoxysilane coupling agent (3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, KH-560): 0.7 parts, using general industrial grade KH-560 from domestic silane coupling agent manufacturers.

[0043] Hindered phenolic antioxidant: 0.10 parts, using BASF's Irganox® 1010.

[0044] Metal deactivator: 0.05 parts, using BASF's Irgamet® oil-soluble type.

[0045] The preparation method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent includes the following steps: S1: Add 67.15 parts of isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13) and 26.0 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent (C10-C12) to a clean, dry, explosion-proof stirring container. Start stirring at room temperature, control the stirring speed at 300 r / min, and stir continuously for 10 min to fully mix the two hydrocarbon solvents and form a homogeneous and transparent main solvent system.

[0046] S2: While maintaining a stirring speed of 300 r / min, slowly add 4.0 parts of polyol ester to the main solvent system obtained in step S1.

[0047] After the addition is complete, raise the system temperature to 35°C and continue stirring for 20 minutes to allow the polyol ester to be fully dispersed in the hydrocarbon solvent and form a stable homogeneous system.

[0048] S3: In the system obtained in step S2, maintain the system temperature at 35℃ and the stirring speed at 300 r / min, and perform the following operations in sequence: First, add 0.8 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and stir continuously for 15 minutes to ensure it is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system; Then add 1.2 parts of superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a stable dispersion in the system.

[0049] S4: After step S3 is completed, the system temperature is lowered to 30°C, and 0.10 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant and 0.05 parts of metal deactivator are added sequentially. After each component is added, stirring is continued for 10 minutes to ensure that the stable component is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system.

[0050] S5: After completing step S4, slowly add 0.7 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent to the above system, control the stirring speed to 200 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min.

[0051] After the epoxy silane coupling agent is added, stop heating, allow the system to cool naturally to room temperature, and let it stand for 20 minutes to degas.

[0052] S6: The integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent obtained in step S5 is filtered sequentially through 5μm and 1μm filters to remove any possible trace impurities. Then, it is packaged under sealed conditions to obtain the finished integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0053] The application method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaner includes the following steps: U1: Completely immerse the bearing steel parts to be treated in the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent. Control the cleaning solution temperature at 30℃ and perform immersion cleaning at this temperature for 3 minutes. Do not add additional water or other cleaning aids during the cleaning process. After cleaning, remove the bearing steel parts from the cleaning solution and hang them in the air to drip dry naturally for 60 seconds.

[0054] U2: After drip-drying, the surface of the bearing steel part is subjected to micro-water pulse treatment. The liquid used in the micro-water pulse is a functionalized micro-aqueous solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent and has a conductivity not higher than 5 μS / cm. The functionalized micro-aqueous solution is prepared by adding 0.05 g of diethylenetriamine and 0.03 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 1000 g of deionized water and stirring at room temperature for 5 min until completely dissolved.

[0055] The functionalized micro-aqueous solution was applied to the surface of the bearing steel part using an atomized spray method. The nozzle orifice diameter of the atomizing spray gun was 0.10 mm, the spray pressure was 0.15 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the surface of the bearing steel part was 20 cm, and the spray direction was at a 45° angle relative to the surface of the bearing steel part. The spray volume was calibrated by weighing, and the liquid application rate per unit area on the surface of the bearing steel part was controlled to be 0.60 mg / cm². 2 The corresponding single spray time is 1.5s.

[0056] U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 50% for 5 minutes, and then continue to stand for 15 minutes under the same environmental conditions.

[0057] Example 2 This embodiment discloses an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that combines cleaning and rust prevention, its preparation method, and its application method.

[0058] The integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaner, by weight, consists of the following components: Isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13): 70.2 parts; Dearomatized hydrocarbon solvents (C10-C12): 23.5 parts; Polyol ester (polyol ester lubricating base oil): 5 parts; Imidazoline corrosion inhibitor (oil-soluble): 1 part; Superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor: 1.5 parts; Epoxysilane coupling agent (3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane): 0.6 parts; Hindered phenolic antioxidant: 0.15 parts; Metal deactivator: 0.05 parts.

[0059] The physicochemical properties and functions of each component are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] The preparation method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent includes the following steps: S1: Add 70.2 parts of isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13) and 23.5 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent (C10-C12) to a clean, dry, explosion-proof stirring container. Start stirring at 25°C and control the stirring speed at 350 r / min. Stir continuously for 12 min to fully mix the two hydrocarbon solvents and form a homogeneous and transparent main solvent system.

[0061] S2: While maintaining a stirring speed of 350 r / min, slowly add 5 parts of polyol ester to the main solvent system obtained in step S1.

[0062] After the addition is complete, raise the system temperature to 40°C and continue stirring for 25 minutes to allow the polyol ester to be fully dispersed in the hydrocarbon solvent system and form a stable homogeneous system.

[0063] S3: In the system obtained in step S2, maintain the system temperature at 40℃ and the stirring speed at 350 r / min, and perform the following operations in sequence: First, add 1 part of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and stir continuously for 20 minutes to ensure it is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system; Then add 1.5 parts of superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor and continue stirring for 30 minutes to form a stable dispersion in the system.

[0064] S4: After step S3 is completed, the system temperature is lowered to 30°C, and 0.15 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant and 0.05 parts of metal deactivator are added sequentially. After each component is added, stirring is continued for 10 minutes to ensure that the stable component is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system.

[0065] S5: After completing step S4, slowly add 0.6 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent to the above system, control the stirring speed to 250 r / min, and continue stirring for 25 min.

[0066] After the epoxy silane coupling agent is added, stop heating, allow the system to cool naturally to room temperature, and let it stand for 20 minutes to degas.

[0067] S6: The integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent obtained in step S5 is filtered sequentially through 10μm and 2μm filters to remove any possible trace impurities. Then, it is packaged under sealed conditions to obtain the finished integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0068] The application method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaner includes the following steps: U1: Immerse the bearing steel parts to be treated completely in the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent, control the temperature of the cleaning solution at 35℃, and carry out immersion cleaning under this temperature condition for 5 minutes.

[0069] No additional water or other cleaning agents are added during the cleaning process. After cleaning, remove the bearing steel parts from the cleaning solution and hang them in the air to drip dry naturally for 90 seconds.

[0070] U2: After the dripping process is completed, the surface of the bearing steel parts is subjected to micro-water pulse treatment.

[0071] The liquid used in the micro-water pulse is a functionalized micro-water solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent and has a conductivity of no more than 6 μS / cm.

[0072] The preparation method of the functionalized micro-aqueous solution is as follows: add 0.06g of diethylenetriamine and 0.04g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 1000g of deionized water, and stir for 5min at room temperature until completely dissolved.

[0073] The functionalized micro-aqueous solution was applied to the surface of the bearing steel part by atomization spraying. The nozzle diameter of the atomizing spray gun was 0.12 mm, the spraying pressure was 0.18 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the surface of the bearing steel part was 22 cm, and the spraying direction was at a 45° angle relative to the surface of the bearing steel part.

[0074] The spray volume was calibrated using a weighing method, and the amount of liquid applied per unit area on the surface of the bearing steel was controlled to be 0.8 mg / cm². 2 The corresponding single spray time is 2 seconds.

[0075] U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 45% for 5 minutes, and then continue to stand for 15 minutes under the same environmental conditions.

[0076] Example 3 Example 3 This embodiment discloses an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that combines cleaning and rust prevention, its preparation method, and its application method.

[0077] The integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaner, by weight, consists of the following components: Isomeric alkane solvent (C11-C13): 62.8 parts; Dearomatized hydrocarbon solvents (C10-C12): 31.2 parts; Polyol ester (polyol ester lubricating base oil): 3.5 parts; Imidazoline corrosion inhibitor (oil-soluble): 0.6 parts; Overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor: 0.9 parts; Epoxysilane coupling agent (3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane): 1 part; Hindered phenolic antioxidant: 0.08 parts; Metal deactivator: 0.04 parts.

[0078] The physicochemical properties and functions of each component are the same as in Example 1.

[0079] The preparation method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent includes the following steps: S1: Add 62.8 parts of isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13) and 31.2 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent (C10-C12) to a clean, dry, explosion-proof stirring container. Start stirring at 22°C and control the stirring speed at 250 r / min. Stir continuously for 15 min to fully mix the two hydrocarbon solvents and form a homogeneous and transparent main solvent system.

[0080] S2: While maintaining a stirring speed of 250 r / min, slowly add 3.5 parts of polyol ester to the main solvent system obtained in step S1.

[0081] After the addition is complete, raise the system temperature to 30°C and continue stirring for 18 minutes to allow the polyol ester to be fully dispersed in the hydrocarbon solvent system and form a stable homogeneous system.

[0082] S3: In the system obtained in step S2, maintain the system temperature at 35℃ and the stirring speed at 250 r / min, and perform the following operations in sequence: First, add 0.6 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and stir continuously for 15 minutes to ensure it is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system; Then add 0.9 parts of superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a stable dispersion in the system.

[0083] S4: After step S3 is completed, the system temperature is lowered to 28°C, and 0.08 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant and 0.04 parts of metal deactivator are added sequentially. After each component is added, stirring is continued for 10 minutes to ensure that the stable component is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system.

[0084] S5: After completing step S4, slowly add 1 part of epoxy silane coupling agent to the above system, control the stirring speed to 200 r / min, and continue stirring for 30 min.

[0085] After the epoxy silane coupling agent is added, stop heating, allow the system to cool naturally to room temperature, and let it stand for 20 minutes to degas.

[0086] S6: The integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent obtained in step S5 is filtered sequentially through 5μm and 1μm filters to remove any possible trace impurities. Then, it is packaged under sealed conditions to obtain the finished integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0087] The application method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaner includes the following steps: U1: Immerse the bearing steel parts to be treated completely in the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent, control the temperature of the cleaning solution at 25℃, and carry out immersion cleaning under this temperature condition for 2 minutes.

[0088] No additional water or other cleaning agents are added during the cleaning process. After cleaning, remove the bearing steel parts from the cleaning solution and hang them in the air to drip dry naturally for 60 seconds.

[0089] U2: After the dripping process is completed, the surface of the bearing steel parts is subjected to micro-water pulse treatment.

[0090] The liquid used in the micro-water pulse is a functionalized micro-water solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent and has a conductivity of no more than 4 μS / cm.

[0091] The preparation method of the functionalized micro-aqueous solution is as follows: add 0.04g of diethylenetriamine and 0.02g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 1000g of deionized water, and stir for 5min at room temperature until completely dissolved.

[0092] The functionalized micro-aqueous solution was applied to the surface of the bearing steel part by atomization spraying. The nozzle diameter of the atomizing spray gun was 0.1 mm, the spraying pressure was 0.12 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the surface of the bearing steel part was 18 cm, and the spraying direction was at a 45° angle relative to the surface of the bearing steel part.

[0093] The spray volume was calibrated using a weighing method, and the amount of liquid applied per unit area on the surface of the bearing steel was controlled to be 0.4 mg / cm². 2 The corresponding single spray time is 1.2s.

[0094] U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 22℃ and a relative humidity of 50% for 5 minutes, and then continue to stand for 15 minutes under the same environmental conditions.

[0095] Example 4 This embodiment discloses an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings, its preparation method, and its application method. Based on Example 1, this embodiment pretreats the epoxy silane coupling agent before introducing it into the cleaning agent system; the remaining steps remain the same.

[0096] The integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaner, by weight, consists of the following components: Isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13): 67.15 parts; Dearomatized hydrocarbon solvents (C10-C12): 26 parts; Polyol ester (polyol ester lubricating base oil): 4 parts; Imidazoline corrosion inhibitor (oil-soluble): 0.8 parts; Overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor: 1.2 parts; Epoxysilane coupling agent (3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane): 0.7 parts; Hindered phenolic antioxidant: 0.1 parts; Metal deactivator: 0.05 parts.

[0097] The physicochemical properties and functions of each component are the same as in Example 1.

[0098] Before proceeding to the preparation step of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent, the epoxy silane coupling agent undergoes the following pretreatment: Add 0.7 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent and 7 parts of isoparaffin solvent to a clean, dry, independent pretreatment container. Start stirring at 30°C and control the stirring speed at 150 r / min. Stir continuously for 20 min to form a homogeneous and transparent premixed system of epoxy silane coupling agent in isoparaffin solvent.

[0099] While keeping the above stirring conditions unchanged, deionized water is slowly introduced into the premixed system. The amount of deionized water added is 0.2% of the mass of the epoxy silane coupling agent. The water addition process lasts for 2 minutes, followed by stirring for 40 minutes to bring the epoxy silane coupling agent into a controlled partially hydrolyzed and activated state.

[0100] After pretreatment, the resulting pretreated epoxy silane system was immediately used in the preparation of an integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0101] The preparation method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent includes the following steps: S1: Add 60.15 parts of isoparaffin solvent (C11-C13) and 26 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent (C10-C12) to a clean, dry, explosion-proof stirring container. Start stirring at room temperature, control the stirring speed at 300 r / min, and stir continuously for 10 min to fully mix the two hydrocarbon solvents and form a homogeneous and transparent main solvent system.

[0102] S2: While maintaining a stirring speed of 300 r / min, slowly add 4 parts of polyol ester to the main solvent system obtained in step S1.

[0103] After the addition is complete, raise the system temperature to 35°C and continue stirring for 20 minutes to allow the polyol ester to be fully dispersed in the hydrocarbon solvent system and form a stable homogeneous system.

[0104] S3: In the system obtained in step S2, maintain the system temperature at 35℃ and the stirring speed at 300 r / min, and perform the following operations in sequence: First, add 0.8 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and stir continuously for 15 minutes to ensure it is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system; Then add 1.2 parts of superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a stable dispersion in the system.

[0105] S4: After step S3 is completed, the system temperature is lowered to 30°C, and 0.1 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant and 0.05 parts of metal deactivator are added in sequence. After each component is added, stirring is continued for 10 minutes to ensure that the stable component is fully dissolved and evenly distributed in the system.

[0106] S5: After completing step S4, slowly add the pretreated epoxy silane coupling agent system to the cleaning agent system, control the system temperature at 30°C and the stirring speed at 200 r / min, and continue stirring for 25 min.

[0107] After adding the ingredients, stop heating and allow the system to cool naturally to room temperature, then let it stand for 20 minutes to remove bubbles.

[0108] S6: The integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent obtained in step S5 is filtered sequentially through 5μm and 1μm filters to remove any possible trace impurities. Then, it is packaged under sealed conditions to obtain the finished integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

[0109] The application method of the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaner includes the following steps: U1: Immerse the bearing steel parts to be treated completely in the integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent, control the temperature of the cleaning solution at 30℃, and carry out immersion cleaning under this temperature condition for 3 minutes.

[0110] No additional water or other cleaning agents are added during the cleaning process. After cleaning, remove the bearing steel parts from the cleaning solution and hang them in the air to drip dry naturally for 60 seconds.

[0111] U2: After the dripping process is completed, the surface of the bearing steel parts is subjected to micro-water pulse treatment.

[0112] The liquid used in the micro-water pulse is a functionalized micro-water solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent and has a conductivity of no more than 5 μS / cm.

[0113] The preparation method of the functionalized micro-aqueous solution is as follows: add 0.05g of diethylenetriamine and 0.03g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to 1000g of deionized water, and stir for 5min at room temperature until completely dissolved.

[0114] The functionalized micro-aqueous solution was applied to the surface of the bearing steel part by atomization spraying. The nozzle diameter of the atomizing spray gun was 0.1 mm, the spraying pressure was 0.15 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the surface of the bearing steel part was 20 cm, and the spraying direction was at a 45° angle relative to the surface of the bearing steel part.

[0115] The spray volume was calibrated using a weighing method, and the amount of liquid applied per unit area on the surface of the bearing steel was controlled to be 0.6 mg / cm². 2 The corresponding single spray time is 1.5s.

[0116] U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 50% for 5 minutes, and then continue to stand for 15 minutes under the same environmental conditions.

[0117] Comparative Example 1 The only difference from Example 1 is that the U2 micro-water pulse treatment is not performed.

[0118] Operational differences: After U1 is drained, it is directly transferred to U3 and allowed to stand, while all other conditions remain the same.

[0119] Comparative Example 2 The only difference from Example 1 is that the U2 micro-water pulse liquid is replaced with deionized water only, without the addition of amine compounds and phosphates, and the conductivity index is not controlled.

[0120] The remaining atomization methods, spray volume, and settling conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0121] Comparative Example 3 The only difference from Example 1 is that 0.7 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent are not added to the formulation.

[0122] Make up the quantity: Add 0.7 parts of isoparaffin solvent to make up the quantity, so that the total quantity is still 100 parts.

[0123] Process differences: No epoxy silane coupling agent is added in S5, and stirring is continued until the specified time is reached under the same temperature and stirring conditions.

[0124] Comparative Example 4 The only difference from Example 1 is that 4 parts of polyol ester lubricating base oil are not added to the formulation.

[0125] Make up the quantity: make up the quantity with 4 equal parts of isoparaffin solvent.

[0126] Process differences: No polyol esters are added in S2, and the product is processed under the same temperature and stirring conditions before entering S3.

[0127] Comparative Example 5 The only difference from Example 1 is that 0.8 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor are not added to the formulation.

[0128] Make up the quantity by adding 0.8 parts of isoparaffin solvent.

[0129] Process differences: S3 does not contain imidazoline corrosion inhibitors, but only superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors are added and stirred for the specified time.

[0130] Comparative Example 6 The only difference from Example 1 is that 1.2 parts of overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor are not added to the formulation.

[0131] Make up the quantity by adding 1.2 equal parts of isoparaffin solvent.

[0132] Process differences: S3 only adds imidazoline corrosion inhibitors, and after completing the specified stirring, it directly enters S4.

[0133] Comparative Example 7 The only difference from Example 1 is that the epoxy silane coupling agent is added earlier in stage S3 instead of after S5. That is, it is added after the imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and before or at the same time as the alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor, and stirring is continued at 35°C until the total stirring time of the original S3 and S5 is met.

[0134] The formula composition and other process steps remain unchanged.

[0135] Performance testing Performance testing The following tests were performed on Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-7. Unless otherwise specified, each sample was prepared according to the formula and process of the corresponding example or comparative example; the bearing steel material was bearing steel, the sample size was 50 mm × 25 mm × 2 mm, the surface was uniformly drawn with 600-grit sandpaper and then degreased with anhydrous solvent for later use, and the test environment was 25℃ and 50% relative humidity.

[0136] 1. Oil removal rate test Test method: After drying the bearing steel test piece at 120℃ for 30 min, weigh it (m0). Prepare a simulated machining oil stain, consisting of 70 parts by mass of mineral cutting oil, 5 parts by mass of composite extreme pressure additive, and 25 parts by mass of paraffin-based oil. Immerse the test piece for 1 min, then drip dry for 5 min, and let it stand at 60℃ for 30 min, then weigh it (m1). Perform U1 immersion and drip drying according to the usage methods of each embodiment or comparative example. After completion, allow it to evaporate under ventilation conditions at 25℃ for 10 min, then weigh it (m2). The oil stain removal rate is calculated according to the formula: Oil stain removal rate = (m1-m2) / (m1-m0)×100%.

[0137] 2. Particulate matter removal rate Detection method: ISO 12103 A2 fine powder was used to simulate the mixed particles of metal dust and grinding debris, with a particle size of 10 μm to 80 μm; 2.0 mg of particles were evenly sprinkled on the surface of the oil-stained test piece and lightly pressed to embed them into the oil film; after immersion and drip drying according to U1, the sample was wiped 3 times in one direction with a lint-free wiping paper under the same pressure, the wiping paper was collected and the residual particle amount was calculated by the filter membrane weighing method to obtain the particle removal rate.

[0138] The above performance test data are shown in Table 1.

[0139] Table 1 Cleaning performance data 3. Non-volatile residue Detection method: Perform U1 on each sample; for samples requiring U2, complete U2 and U3 accordingly, then place the sample in a 60℃ hot air chamber for 30 min to remove volatile components, cool to room temperature, and weigh m3; using the mass of the untreated blank sample as m0, calculate the residual amount per unit area R: R = (m3 - m0) / A, where A is the single-sided area of ​​the sample, in mg / m². 2 .

[0140] 4. Surface wettability and compatibility with fat addition Detection method: After the U3 sample was allowed to stand, it was used as the test surface. 10 μL of standard lubricating grease oil-based oil was added, and the spreading diameter and contact angle after 30 s were recorded. The larger the spreading diameter, the smaller the contact angle, indicating that it is more friendly to subsequent grease wetting.

[0141] The performance test data are shown in Table 2.

[0142] Table 2 Residual and Wetting Compatibility Data 5. Damp heat rust prevention test Detection method: Following the commonly used damp heat chamber method, the test pieces treated according to U1 to U3 were placed under conditions of 40℃ and 95% relative humidity for continuous exposure. The time t0 at which the first red rust appeared was observed, and the percentage of rusted area at 72 h was calculated. The average of 6 pieces in each group was taken.

[0143] 6. Salt spray test Detection method: The treated specimens were subjected to neutral salt spray, 5% sodium chloride solution, 35°C, continuous spraying according to ASTM B117 method. The time t1 required for 1% red rust area to appear was recorded, and the rust area at 240 h was also recorded.

[0144] 7. Fingerprint corrosion and microacid acid resistance Detection method: Prepare artificial sweat solution with 0.5% sodium chloride, 0.1% lactic acid, and 0.1% urea, and adjust the pH to 4.7. Apply a 20 mm × 20 mm fingerprint area to the surface of the test piece using a standard fingerprint stamp, let it stand for 10 min, and then place it in the U3 environment. Evaluate the rust grade G of the fingerprint area after 24 h and 72 h, respectively, where 0 is no rust and 5 is obvious and continuous rust.

[0145] The performance test data are shown in Table 3.

[0146] Table 3 Rust prevention and resistance data in conclusion: 1. In terms of cleaning performance, the oil removal rate of Examples 1 to 4 all reached over 97%, and the particle removal rate all reached over 95%, indicating that the present invention can still maintain the core cleaning ability of hydrocarbon cleaning agent while introducing rust-preventive components; among them, the cleaning and particle removal of Comparative Example 4 were significantly reduced after the polyol ester was removed, proving that the polyol ester plays a key role in wetting and spreading and pollutant removal.

[0147] 2. Regarding residue control and assembly compatibility, the non-volatile residue level of the system in the example was 16.2 mg / m³. 2 Up to 24.9 mg / m 2 Furthermore, it exhibits good performance in spreading and contact angle of the lubricating grease phase, and can balance low residue and subsequent grease wetting; Comparative Example 7 showed that the residue and wetting deteriorated simultaneously due to improper timing of silane addition, proving that process conditions have a substantial impact on the film formation state.

[0148] 3. In terms of rust prevention and resistance, the examples are significantly better than the comparative examples. In particular, Example 4 showed a longer first red rust time and a lower rust area in humid heat and salt spray, and remained rust-free after 72 hours of fingerprint corrosion. This verifies that micro-water pulse triggering, pretreatment silane stabilization, and imidazoline and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate can have a better overall effect. Comparative examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 7 all showed significant degradation.

[0149] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings that integrates cleaning and rust prevention, characterized in that... It consists of the following components in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of isoparaffin solvent; 20-35 parts of dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent; 3-6 parts of polyol ester lubricating base oil; 0.5-1.5 parts of imidazoline corrosion inhibitor; 0.8-2.0 parts of overly alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor; 0.3-1.2 parts of epoxy silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidants; Metal deactivating agent 0.01~0.2 parts; The remainder is an isoparaffin solvent, bringing the total amount to 100 parts; The carbon number distribution of isoalkanes in isoalkan solvents is 11-13; In dearomatic hydrocarbon solvents, the number of carbon atoms in the dearomatic hydrocarbons ranges from 10 to 12.

2. The integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that... The imidazoline corrosion inhibitor is an oil-soluble fatty acid imidazoline compound.

3. The integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that... The total alkalinity of the superalkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor is 200~400 mgKOH / g.

4. The integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that... The epoxy silane coupling agent is 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

5. The integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that... The epoxy silane coupling agent undergoes the following pretreatment before being added to the integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent: The epoxy silane coupling agent and the isoparaffin solvent were premixed at a mass ratio of 1:5~20 and stirred at low speed for 10~30 min at 25~40℃. Subsequently, a trace amount of water is introduced into the premixed system, the amount of water added being 0.05~0.5% of the mass of the epoxy silane coupling agent, and the mixture is kept under continuous stirring for 20~60 minutes.

6. A method for preparing an integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust-preventing agent for bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... This includes the following steps: S1: Mix isomeric alkane solvent and dearomatic hydrocarbon solvent at 20~35℃ with a stirring speed of 200~400 r / min to obtain the main solvent system; S2: Add polyol ester lubricating base oil to the system obtained in step S1, and continue stirring at 30~45℃ for 15~30 min; S3: Add imidazoline corrosion inhibitor and over-alkaline calcium sulfonate rust inhibitor sequentially to the system obtained in step S2, and stir at 30~45℃ for 20~40 min; S4: After step S3 is completed, add the hindered phenolic antioxidant and the metal deactivator, and continue stirring for 10-30 minutes; S5: Under the condition that the system temperature is 25~35℃, and after all the rust-preventing and stabilizing components have been added, add the epoxy silane coupling agent and stir for 15~30 min; S6: Filter the obtained system to obtain an integrated cleaning and rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent.

7. The preparation method of the integrated hydrocarbon cleaning and rust prevention agent for bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that... The filtration process includes sequential filtration of 1~10μm and 0.5~2μm.

8. A method of using the integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... This includes the following steps: U1: Place the bearing steel parts in the integrated cleaning-rust prevention hydrocarbon cleaning agent and immerse them at 20~40℃ for 1~10 minutes. After cleaning, remove them and drip dry for 30~120 seconds. U2: After dripping dry, apply a micro-water pulse treatment to the surface of the bearing steel parts; U3: After completing the micro-water pulse treatment, place the bearing steel parts in an air environment with a temperature of 20~30℃ and a relative humidity of 40~60% and let them stand.

9. The method of using the integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings according to claim 8, characterized in that... The micro-water pulse uses a functionalized micro-water solution, which uses deionized water as a solvent, has a conductivity of no more than 10 μS / cm, and contains 0.002~0.01 wt% amine compounds and 0.001~0.01 wt% phosphates.

10. The method of using the integrated cleaning and rust-preventing hydrocarbon cleaning agent for bearings according to claim 8, characterized in that... The micro-water pulse is applied via atomized spraying, with a spray volume of 0.2~1.5 mg / cm³. 2 .

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