Energy storage system protection device and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage system protection device and an energy storage system. The device comprises at least one protection module and at least one first fuse. The protection module comprises a first solid-state circuit breaker and a second fuse which are connected in series; the protection module is connected in series among the plurality of battery packs, and the first solid-state circuit breaker is used for detecting state data of the energy storage system and is disconnected when the state data meets a first disconnection condition; the second fuse is used for fusing when the state data reach the fusing parameter of the second fuse; the fusing parameter of the second fuse is configured to be associated with the tolerance parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker; the first fuse is connected in series between the battery pack and the load and is used for fusing when the state data satisfies the fusing parameter of the first fuse. By using the protection module comprising the solid-state circuit breaker and the fuse, the quick response capability of the solid-state circuit breaker and the stability of the fuse are fully combined, so that the energy storage system protection device can realize quick response on the basis of high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system protection technology, and in particular to an energy storage system protection device and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the safety and reliability of energy storage systems, protective devices are typically installed. These devices can quickly identify faults (such as short circuits) and disconnect the circuit, thereby preventing damage to the energy storage system or more serious accidents such as fires or explosions.

[0003] Currently, in energy storage systems, protection devices mainly consist of fuses, which are installed in the circuit composed of multiple battery packs. When a fault occurs in the energy storage system, the fuse blows, breaking the circuit. However, because fuses have a relatively slow response time, mostly in the millisecond range, they may not react in time when a fault occurs in the energy storage system, potentially leading to the escalation of the fault and causing irreversible damage to the energy storage system, especially the battery cells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The energy storage system protection device and energy storage system provided in this application embodiment adopt a protection module including a solid-state circuit breaker. By utilizing the fast response capability of the solid-state circuit breaker, it can quickly disconnect when the system fails, which greatly improves the response speed of the energy storage system protection device, effectively prevents the fault from escalating, and thus ensures the safety of the energy storage system.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system protection device, applied to an energy storage system, the energy storage system including multiple connected battery packs, the energy storage system protection device including: at least one protection module, and at least one first fuse; the protection module includes a first solid-state circuit breaker and a second fuse connected in series;

[0006] The protection module is connected in series among multiple connected battery packs. The first solid-state circuit breaker is used to detect the status data of the energy storage system and disconnect when the status data meets the first disconnection condition. The second fuse is used to blow when the status data reaches the fuse's fusing parameter. The fusing parameter of the second fuse is configured to be associated with the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker.

[0007] At least one first fuse is connected in series between the battery pack and the load to blow when the status data meets the blowing parameters of the first fuse.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first solid-state circuit breaker integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor, and the first disconnection condition includes a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, or a current greater than or equal to a current threshold, or a temperature greater than or equal to a temperature threshold.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first disconnection condition further includes a voltage change greater than or equal to a voltage change threshold, or a current change greater than or equal to a current change threshold, or a temperature change greater than or equal to a temperature change threshold.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a resetter is integrated into the first solid-state circuit breaker, which is used to reset the first solid-state circuit breaker after it has been opened.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first solid-state circuit breaker is specifically used for:

[0012] Detect the status data of the energy storage system and disconnect it when the status data meets the first disconnection condition;

[0013] After the first solid-state circuit breaker trips, it resets after a preset time.

[0014] Detect the status data of the energy storage system after reset;

[0015] If the reset status data meets the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker will disconnect and will not be reset again.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the protection module further includes a control unit connected to the first solid-state circuit breaker; the control unit is used to receive remote control commands and, according to the remote control commands, control the first solid-state circuit breaker to open or reset.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the energy storage system protection device further includes a second solid-state circuit breaker, which is connected in series with the first fuse.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the fusing parameter of the second fuse is smaller than that of the first fuse.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the energy storage system protection device further includes a third fuse located inside the battery pack; the fusing parameter of the third fuse is greater than that of the first fuse.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, including: multiple battery packs, and the energy storage system protection device provided in the first aspect above.

[0021] The energy storage system protection device and energy storage system provided in this application embodiment use a solid-state circuit breaker and a fuse connected in series as the protection module of the energy storage system. When the status data of the energy storage system reaches the disconnection condition of the solid-state circuit breaker, the solid-state circuit breaker can quickly disconnect. Compared with the protection module that only uses fuses, the protection module of this application has a faster response speed. Moreover, the use of fuses in the protection module provides secondary protection for the energy storage system and the solid-state circuit breaker, avoiding the loss of protection capability of the protection module due to the failure of the solid-state circuit breaker, making the energy storage system protection device more reliable. At the same time, in addition to the protection module connected in series between the battery packs, the energy storage system protection device also includes a fuse set between the battery pack and the load, realizing multi-level protection for the energy storage system. It can accurately isolate faults, facilitate subsequent fault location and repair, thereby improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of the energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage system protection device provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another energy storage system protection device provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in this application.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100-Energy Storage System;

[0029] 200 - Energy storage system protection device;

[0030] 210 - Protection module; 211 - First solid-state circuit breaker; 212 - Second fuse;

[0031] 220 - First fuse;

[0032] 230 - Second solid-state circuit breaker;

[0033] 240 - Third fuse.

[0034] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the specific application scenario of this application is for fault detection and handling of the energy storage system 100. Specifically, the energy storage system protection device 200 monitors the operating status of the energy storage system 100 in real time. When the operating status of the energy storage system 100 is abnormal, it indicates that the energy storage system 100 may have a fault. The energy storage system protection device 200 disconnects part of the circuit of the energy storage system 100 to prevent the fault from escalating and causing irreversible damage to the energy storage system 100.

[0037] Based on the above scenarios, it is clear that in existing technologies, fuses are typically used as protection devices for energy storage systems. When the energy storage system experiences a short circuit or excessive current, causing the current passing through the fuse to exceed its fusing parameters, the fuse melts, disconnecting the circuit connected to the fuse and preventing the fault from escalating. However, the response time of fuses is relatively slow, typically on the order of milliseconds. Within the fuse's response time, the fault may have already caused some damage to the energy storage system.

[0038] The energy storage system protection device provided in this application uses a fuse and a solid-state circuit breaker connected in series as the protection device for the energy storage system 100. Since the solid-state circuit breaker has a faster response time than the fuse (approximately in the microsecond range), the response speed of the energy storage system protection device 200 is greatly improved, reducing the damage to the energy storage system 100 caused by faults. Simultaneously, secondary protection is provided through the fuse. When the status data of the energy storage system 100 exceeds the withstand parameters of the solid-state circuit breaker, causing the solid-state circuit breaker to fail and lose its protective capability, the fuse serves as a backup protection device to protect the energy storage system 100. This method improves the reliability of the energy storage system protection device 200.

[0039] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage system protection device provided in this application is shown below. Figure 2 The energy storage system protection device 200 shown is applied to the energy storage system 100, which includes multiple connected battery packs 110. The energy storage system protection device 200 includes at least one protection module 210 and at least one first fuse 220. The protection module 210 includes a first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and a second fuse 212 connected in series.

[0041] The protection module 210 is connected in series among multiple connected battery packs 110. The first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is used to detect the status data of the energy storage system 100 and disconnect when the status data meets the first disconnection condition. The second fuse 212 is used to blow when the status data reaches the fuse-breaking parameter of the second fuse 212. The fuse-breaking parameter of the second fuse 212 is configured to be associated with the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. At least one first fuse 220 is connected in series between the battery pack 110 and the load and is used to blow when the status data meets the fuse-breaking parameter of the first fuse 220.

[0042] Energy storage system 100 is a system capable of storing electrical energy and releasing it when needed. It mainly includes multiple battery packs 110. Each battery pack 110 is composed of multiple individual batteries connected in series and parallel, used for storing and releasing electrical energy. The multiple battery packs 110 in energy storage system 100 are connected together in series or parallel, which is not limited in this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 2 Let's take a battery pack connected in series as an example.

[0043] The status data of the energy storage system 100 are key parameters that reflect the operating status, health level and performance of the energy storage system 100, such as current and voltage.

[0044] A solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) is a device that uses power semiconductor devices (such as silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (SiC MOSFETs)) as the switching core and electronically controls the switching on and off of a circuit. Because SSCBs rely on the conduction and turn-off characteristics of semiconductor devices to cut off or connect circuits, their turn-off or turn-on response time is much faster, typically on the order of microseconds. Therefore, SSCBs can instantly disconnect the circuit upon detecting overcurrent, short circuit, or abnormal voltage, preventing damage to connected equipment or components from faults. Furthermore, SSCBs disconnect circuits electronically, without mechanical contacts, avoiding the arcing that occurs when traditional mechanical circuit breakers or fuses blow. This makes them particularly suitable for flammable and explosive environments, such as energy storage systems.

[0045] The tripping condition of the solid-state circuit breaker is determined based on the abnormal state data of the energy storage system 100 or preset logic. If the solid-state circuit breaker is configured with a state data range, the circuit breaker will trip if the state data exceeds the range.

[0046] A fuse is an overcurrent protection device that operates based on the principle of current-induced thermal effects. A fuse consists of a fusible element. When an overload or short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the fusible element melts, cutting off the circuit and preventing damage to connected equipment or components or the spread of the fault. The fusing parameter is a core indicator of a fuse. When the status data is greater than or equal to this fusing parameter, the fuse element melts. Generally, the fusing parameter refers to the fusing current; that is, when the current in the status data reaches the fusing current, the fuse element will automatically melt.

[0047] Compared to the millisecond-level response time of fuses, solid-state circuit breakers have a much faster response time, enabling them to quickly respond to and disconnect the circuit. However, as a passive protection device, fuses have no electronic components, are unaffected by electromagnetic interference, and can still be reliably triggered in harsh environments, thus exhibiting higher reliability. This application proposes a protection module 210 that connects a solid-state circuit breaker and a fuse in series. This protection module 210 combines the advantages of both solid-state circuit breakers and fuses, ensuring high reliability while improving the response speed of the protection module 210.

[0048] In this application, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 may integrate a control unit, sensors, etc. The first solid-state circuit breaker 211 can be selected based on different power semiconductor devices, such as a SiC MOSFET-based solid-state circuit breaker, depending on the actual application scenario. The second fuse 212 can also be selected based on the actual application scenario, such as a screw-type fuse or a plug-in fuse. The first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and the second fuse 212 used are not limited herein.

[0049] Specifically, the protection module 210 is connected in series among multiple connected battery packs 110, that is, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and the second fuse 212 are connected in series among multiple connected battery packs 110. Figure 2 Taking an energy storage system 100 comprising two battery packs 110 and an energy storage system protection device 200 comprising one protection module 210 as an example. It can be conceived that if the energy storage system 100 comprises more than two battery packs 110, the protection module 210 can be set between any two battery packs, or the protection module 210 can be set between each battery pack 110.

[0050] The first solid-state circuit breaker 211, as a primary protection device, can detect the status data of the energy storage system 100, such as the current and voltage of the circuit between the connected battery packs 110.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 integrates sensors, such as voltage sensors and current sensors, to collect status data of the energy storage system 100.

[0052] In other embodiments, the state data of the energy storage system 100 can be determined using the parameters of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. For example, the state data of the energy storage system 100 can be calculated based on the current generated or flowing inside the first solid-state circuit breaker 211.

[0053] After detecting the status data of the energy storage system 100, if the status data meets the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 disconnects to cut off the circuit of the energy storage system 100.

[0054] The first disconnection condition is the disconnection condition of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 set based on the range of state data of the energy storage system 100. For example, the first disconnection condition can be that the detected current is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold, or that the detected voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first disconnection condition can also be set based on the characteristics of an abnormal scenario. For example, the first disconnection condition may be that the state data meets the capacitor charging surge condition or the instantaneous short circuit condition.

[0056] For example, if the current in the status data is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold, or the voltage in the status data is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, then the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is disconnected, that is, the power semiconductor device in the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is turned off.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 further integrates a control unit, which is used to set a first disconnection condition and control the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to disconnect when the status data meets the first disconnection condition.

[0058] The second fuse 212, as a passive secondary protection device, is connected in series with the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. When the status data of the energy storage system 100 reaches the fusing parameter of the second fuse 212, the second fuse 212 automatically blows.

[0059] The second fuse 212 serves as secondary protection when the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 fails to completely interrupt a fault (e.g., an extreme current exceeds the withstand range of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211). By blowing the fuse, the circuit is completely severed, isolating the fault path. By using the passive second fuse 212, protection can be provided even when the energy storage system protection device 200 completely shuts down, without relying on external power supplies or other components such as sensors or control units. Furthermore, as a protection device in extreme conditions, the second fuse 212 reduces the requirements for the specifications of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. This allows the energy storage system protection device 200 to be suitable for high-voltage, high-current energy storage systems at a lower cost.

[0060] In this application, since the second fuse 212 serves as a secondary protection device, it passively blows when the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 fails, preventing the energy storage system 100 from escalating its fault. Therefore, in this application, the second fuse 212 is configured to blow later than the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. Specifically, this is achieved by configuring the blowing parameters of the second fuse 212 in relation to the withstand parameters of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211. Through this method, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 will preferentially disconnect; only if the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 fails will the second fuse 212 blow. Since solid-state circuit breakers are easy to replace and reset, this method facilitates the maintenance of the energy storage system protection device 200.

[0061] In practical applications, if the instantaneous state data of the energy storage system 100 exceeds the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, the state data may cause the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to fail, such as breaking down, resulting in the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 failing to automatically disconnect. To avoid this scenario, in this embodiment, the fusing parameter of the second fuse 212 is configured to be associated with the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211.

[0062] For example, the fusing parameter of the selected second fuse 212 can be the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211; the fusing parameter can also be the difference between the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and a preset safety value, so that when the status data of the energy storage system 100 reaches or is about to reach the withstand parameter, the second fuse 212 blows to disconnect the circuit of the energy storage system 100. At the same time, it can also protect the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and prevent the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 from failing.

[0063] The specific working process of the protection module 210 is as follows: the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 detects the status data of the energy storage system 100; when the status data meets the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is controlled to disconnect; if the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 does not disconnect when the status data meets the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 may fail, and when the status data reaches the fusing parameter, the second fuse 212 is blown.

[0064] In addition to the protection module 210 disposed between the battery packs 110, the energy storage system protection device 200 provided in this application also includes at least one first fuse 220 connected in series between the battery pack 110 and the load. The first fuse 220 may be disposed between the positive terminal of the load and the battery pack 110, and / or between the negative terminal of the load and the battery pack 110. The first fuse 220 blows when the state data meets the fusing parameters of the first fuse 220, thereby cutting off the circuit between the battery pack 110 and the load. The first fuse 220 can be selected according to the actual use scenario; it can be the same type of fuse as the second fuse 212, or it can be a different type of fuse, which is not limited here.

[0065] In some scenarios, simply disconnecting the circuits between the battery packs 110 may not be sufficient to isolate faults, such as when a fault occurs in the circuit connecting the load and the energy storage system 100. By installing a first fuse 220 between the battery pack 110 and the load, faults occurring between the load and the battery pack 110 can be isolated, providing more comprehensive protection for the energy storage system 100 from the energy storage system protection device 200.

[0066] By setting protection modules 210 and first fuses 220 at different locations in the energy storage system 100, precise protection and fault location are achieved for fault risks at different locations, preventing fault propagation and further improving the reliability of the energy storage system protection device 200.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fusing parameter of the second fuse 212 is less than that of the first fuse 220, so that the first fuse 220 blows when or after the second fuse 212 blows.

[0068] In actual operation, based on the internal connection relationships of the energy storage system 100, the connection relationships between the battery packs 110 are simple, while the connection relationships between the battery packs 110 and the load are more complex; for example, the load may be connected to multiple energy storage systems 100. Therefore, the protection module 210 located between the battery packs 110 is easier to replace than the first fuse 220 located between the battery packs 110 and the load. By setting the first fuse 220 to blow later than the second fuse 212, when the energy storage system fails, if the second fuse 212 blows, the fault can be isolated, thus avoiding the need to blow the first fuse 220. After the energy storage system 100 is repaired, only the second fuse 212 needs to be replaced, which improves maintenance efficiency.

[0069] The energy storage system protection device 200 provided in this application embodiment uses a first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and a fuse connected in series as a protection module 210 for the energy storage system 100. When the status data of the energy storage system 100 reaches the disconnection condition of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 can quickly disconnect. Compared with the protection module 210 that only uses a fuse, the protection module 210 of this application has a faster response speed. Moreover, the use of a fuse in the protection module 210 provides secondary protection for the energy storage system 100 and the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, preventing the protection module 210 from losing its protection capability due to the failure of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, making the energy storage system protection device 200 more reliable. At the same time, in addition to the protection module 210 connected in series between the battery packs 110, the energy storage system protection device 200 also includes a fuse disposed between the battery pack 110 and the load, realizing multi-level protection for the energy storage system 100, which can accurately isolate faults, facilitate subsequent fault location and repair, and thus improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of the energy storage system 100.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor, and the first disconnection condition includes a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, or a current greater than or equal to a current threshold, or a temperature greater than or equal to a temperature threshold.

[0071] Since the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is an electronically controlled active circuit breaker, in addition to the voltage and current mentioned in the above embodiments, the energy storage system protection device 200 provided in this application can be extended to monitor other status data of the energy storage system 100, such as temperature, to prevent the energy storage system 100 from overheating and being damaged.

[0072] Specifically, a temperature sensor is extended into the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to collect the temperature of the energy storage system 100. When the temperature exceeds the temperature that the energy storage system 100 can withstand, i.e., the temperature threshold, the control unit controls the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to open, so as to prevent the battery pack 110 from continuing to charge and discharge, which would cause the temperature to continue to rise.

[0073] Therefore, in this embodiment, the first disconnection condition includes first disconnection conditions corresponding to voltage, current, and temperature. Specifically, the first disconnection condition is that any one of voltage, current, or temperature is greater than or equal to the corresponding threshold. Here, the voltage threshold, current threshold, and temperature threshold are pre-set configurable parameters.

[0074] By setting the first disconnection condition, including a temperature greater than or equal to a temperature threshold, more comprehensive protection for the energy storage system 100 is achieved based on the underlying voltage and current.

[0075] Optionally, the first disconnection condition may also include a voltage change greater than or equal to a voltage change threshold, or a current change greater than or equal to a current change threshold, or a temperature change greater than or equal to a temperature change threshold.

[0076] In some scenarios, instantaneously generated state data may also cause damage to the energy storage system 100. In this embodiment, setting the first disconnection condition also includes ensuring that the change in state data is greater than or equal to the corresponding change threshold. The voltage change threshold, current change threshold, and temperature change threshold are pre-set configurable parameters.

[0077] The changes in voltage, current, and temperature can be obtained by dividing the state data collected twice by the corresponding sensors by the time interval between the collections.

[0078] The first disconnection condition also includes the range of changes in state data, which can detect instantaneous faults in the energy storage system 100 and prevent the accumulation of faults from causing greater damage to the energy storage system 100.

[0079] In one possible implementation, a resetter is integrated into the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, which is used to reset the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 after it is opened.

[0080] A resetter is a device or functional component used to restore the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to a connected state. For example, the resetter can be a mechanical resetter, such as a reset button or reset switch disposed on the housing of the energy storage system protection device 200; the resetter can also be an electronic resetter, such as a reset chip or a reset module built into the control unit.

[0081] In some embodiments, the resetter may also be a software resetter, such as resetting the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 via a reset command sent by the control unit.

[0082] Specifically, after the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is disconnected, the resetter can be manually or automatically reset so that the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is restored to the connected state.

[0083] By integrating a resetter, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 becomes more intelligent, avoiding repeated replacement of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 after it trips, reducing maintenance costs, and making subsequent maintenance more convenient.

[0084] Optionally, when the resetter can automatically reset, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 is specifically used for: detecting the status data of the energy storage system 100 and disconnecting when the status data meets the first disconnection condition; after the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 disconnects, it resets after a preset time; detecting the status data of the energy storage system 100 after the reset; if the status data after the reset meets the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 disconnects and does not reset again.

[0085] The preset duration is the estimated time it may take for the energy storage system 100 to return to normal, and it is a pre-set configurable parameter.

[0086] During actual operation, the sensors integrated in the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 detect the status data of the energy storage system 100, such as voltage, current, and temperature. When the status data meets the first disconnection condition, the control unit in the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 controls the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to disconnect. After the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 disconnects, after a preset time, the resetter in the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 resets, restoring the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to the connected state, and the energy storage system 100 can continue to operate. If the energy storage system 100 continues to operate and the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 disconnects again, the resetter is controlled not to reset.

[0087] Automatic reset enables the energy storage system 100 to automatically resume normal operation without manual intervention, reducing the downtime of the energy storage system 100. At the same time, if the circuit is disconnected again after reset, the reset will not continue, improving the intelligence of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 and avoiding repeated resets when the energy storage system is continuously abnormal.

[0088] Optionally, the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 integrates a control unit, which is used to receive remote control commands and control the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to disconnect or reset according to the remote control commands.

[0089] The control unit can be the control unit provided in the above embodiments, such as a microcontroller. The control unit can be connected to the remote control terminal through a communication interface (such as CAN, RS485, or other communication protocols).

[0090] Manual remote reset can be achieved through the control unit. Specifically, the administrator issues a remote control command through the remote control terminal. After receiving the remote control command, the control unit controls the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to open or controls the resetter of the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 to reset according to the instructions of the remote control command.

[0091] Remote control commands enable remote control, making the energy storage system protection device 200 more flexible and intelligent.

[0092] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another energy storage system protection device provided in this application is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 2 Based on the embodiment, a second solid-state circuit breaker 230 and / or a third fuse 240 are added.

[0093] The energy storage system protection device 200 also includes a second solid-state circuit breaker 230, which is connected in series with the first fuse 220.

[0094] The second solid-state circuit breaker 230 can be selected as the same solid-state circuit breaker, model or type as the first solid-state circuit breaker 220, and no limitation is made here.

[0095] The second solid-state circuit breaker 230 is connected in series with the first fuse 220 between the battery pack 110 and the load. When the state data of the circuit between the battery pack 110 and the load meets the second disconnection condition, the second solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second solid-state circuit breaker 230 may be configured to disconnect later than the first solid-state circuit breaker 211, meaning the second disconnection condition is stricter than the first disconnection condition. For example, the second disconnection condition may include a voltage greater than or equal to a second voltage threshold, or a current greater than or equal to a second current threshold, or a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, wherein the second voltage threshold, the second current threshold, and the second temperature threshold are respectively greater than the voltage threshold, the current threshold, and the temperature threshold in the above embodiments.

[0097] In this embodiment, the fusing parameters of the first fuse 220 can be configured to be associated with the withstand parameters of the second solid-state circuit breaker 230, so that the first fuse 220 blows later than the second solid-state circuit breaker 230.

[0098] By installing a solid-state circuit breaker between the battery pack 110 and the load, a rapid response can be achieved when a circuit failure occurs between the battery pack 110 and the load.

[0099] The energy storage system protection device 200 also includes a third fuse 240, which is located inside the battery pack 110; the fusing parameter of the third fuse 240 is greater than that of the first fuse 220.

[0100] In some scenarios, faults may also occur within the battery pack 110, such as a short circuit in a single battery cell. In such cases, simply disconnecting the circuits between battery packs 110 or between the battery pack 110 and the load is insufficient to isolate the fault. Therefore, this embodiment includes a third fuse 240 inside the battery pack 110. The fuse blows when the status data reaches the fuse's tripping parameter.

[0101] Because the third fuse 240 is located inside the battery pack, it is more difficult to replace. The fusing parameters of the third fuse 240 can be selected to be greater than those of the first fuse 220 and the second fuse 212.

[0102] In one example, the fusing parameter of the third fuse 240 is greater than the fusing parameter of the first fuse 220, which is greater than the fusing parameter of the second fuse 212.

[0103] In some embodiments, the energy storage system protection device 200 may further include a third solid-state circuit breaker, which is disposed inside the battery pack 110 and connected in series with the third fuse 240.

[0104] In this embodiment, the third solid-state circuit breaker disconnects when the status data meets the third disconnection condition. The third solid-state circuit breaker disconnects later than the first solid-state circuit breaker 211 or the second solid-state circuit breaker 230.

[0105] By installing a third fuse 240 inside the battery pack, the safety of the energy storage system 100 is further ensured, making the energy storage system protection device 200 more reliable.

[0106] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes: multiple battery packs 110, and the energy storage system protection device 200 provided in the above embodiment.

[0107] It should be noted that the division of units is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0108] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0109] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0110] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A protection device for an energy storage system, characterized in that, The device is applied to an energy storage system, which includes multiple connected battery packs. The energy storage system protection device includes at least one protection module and at least one first fuse. The protection module includes a first solid-state circuit breaker and a second fuse connected in series. The protection module is connected in series among the multiple connected battery packs. The first solid-state circuit breaker is used to detect the status data of the energy storage system and disconnect when the status data meets a first disconnection condition. The second fuse is used to blow when the status data reaches the fuse's fusing parameter. The fusing parameter of the second fuse is configured to be associated with the withstand parameter of the first solid-state circuit breaker. The at least one first fuse is connected in series between the battery pack and the load, and is used to blow when the status data meets the blowing parameters of the first fuse.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first solid-state circuit breaker integrates a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor. The first disconnection condition includes a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, or a current greater than or equal to a current threshold, or a temperature greater than or equal to a temperature threshold.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first disconnection condition also includes a voltage change greater than or equal to a voltage change threshold, or a current change greater than or equal to a current change threshold, or a temperature change greater than or equal to a temperature change threshold.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first solid-state circuit breaker integrates a resetter, which is used to reset the first solid-state circuit breaker after it has been opened.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first solid-state circuit breaker is specifically used for: The status data of the energy storage system is detected, and disconnection is performed when the status data meets the first disconnection condition. After the first solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected, it resets after a preset time. Detect the status data of the energy storage system after reset; If the reset status data satisfies the first disconnection condition, the first solid-state circuit breaker disconnects and is no longer reset.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first solid-state circuit breaker integrates a control unit, which is used to receive remote control commands and control the first solid-state circuit breaker to open or reset according to the remote control commands.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The energy storage system protection device also includes a second solid-state circuit breaker, which is connected in series with the first fuse.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fusing parameter of the second fuse is less than that of the first fuse.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The energy storage system protection device also includes a third fuse, which is located inside the battery pack; the fusing parameter of the third fuse is greater than that of the first fuse.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery packs, and the energy storage system protection device provided in any one of claims 1-9.

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