Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic device

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic device. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery piece, a panel, a first back plate and a second back plate, wherein the battery piece comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the panel covers the first surface; the first back plate is a waterproof plate; the first back plate and the second back plate are sequentially arranged on one side of the second surface of the battery piece, the density of the second back plate is lower than that of the first back plate, and the density of the second back plate ranges from 1.52 g / cm < 3 > to 2.28 g / cm < 3 >. According to the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first back plate is a waterproof plate, and the second back plate is a light plate with low density, so that a good waterproof effect is realized, the total weight of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the convenience of the photovoltaic module in links such as transfer and installation is improved, and the application range of the photovoltaic module is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic device. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic (PV) modules are devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cells within a PV module absorb sunlight and convert that light energy into electrical energy. To prevent moisture from corroding the cells, PV modules are equipped with glass panels and backsheets to cover them. However, the glass panels and backsheets also contribute to the weight of the PV modules, causing inconvenience during production, transportation, and installation. Therefore, reducing the weight of PV modules while ensuring waterproofing has become a key technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic device.

[0004] The photovoltaic module according to this application includes solar cells, a panel, a first backsheet, and a second backsheet. The solar cells include a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other. The panel covers the first surface. The first backsheet is a waterproof sheet. The first backsheet and the second backsheet are sequentially disposed on one side of the second surface of the solar cells. The density of the second backsheet is lower than that of the first backsheet, and the density range of the second backsheet is 1.52 g / cm³. 3 ~2.28g / cm 3 .

[0005] The photovoltaic module of this application achieves good waterproofing while reducing the total weight of the photovoltaic module by setting the first back sheet as a waterproof sheet and the second back sheet as a low-density lightweight sheet. This improves the convenience of the photovoltaic module in transportation and installation, and also helps to expand the application range of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the water vapor transmission rate of the first back sheet ranges from 0.1 g / sq.m / day to 0.01 g / sq.m / day.

[0007] In this way, the low water vapor permeability of the first backplate effectively blocks water vapor erosion on the back of the battery cells.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second back sheet comprises at least glass fiber and epoxy resin, and the thickness of the second back sheet ranges from 1.5 mm to 3 mm.

[0009] Thus, the second backsheet is made of low-density materials such as fiberglass and epoxy resin, and the thickness of the second backsheet is set within a reasonable range, thereby reducing the weight of the second backsheet and the photovoltaic module as a whole while ensuring structural strength.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery cell is located within the projection range of the panel and the first back plate along the thickness direction onto the plane where the battery cell is located.

[0011] In this way, the panel can cover the first surface, and the first backplate can cover the second surface, thus providing sufficient protection for the battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a first encapsulant layer and a second encapsulant layer, the first encapsulant layer being disposed between the panel and the solar cell, and the second encapsulant layer being disposed between the first backsheet and the solar cell, wherein the water vapor transmission rate of the first encapsulant layer and the second encapsulant layer is at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

[0013] In this way, by stacking the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer on the first and second surfaces of the solar cell respectively, an adhesive layer is added while the waterproof layer is added, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are POE films.

[0015] Thus, both the first and second adhesive film layers are POE films with good waterproof performance, which can achieve a good water-blocking effect on both the first and second surfaces of the battery cell.

[0016] In some embodiments, the panel is a plastic panel.

[0017] In this way, by using relatively lightweight plastic panels, the overall weight of photovoltaic modules can be further reduced.

[0018] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a third encapsulating film layer located between the first backsheet and the second backsheet.

[0019] In this way, the first and second backsheets are bonded together by the third adhesive film layer, which improves the connection strength between the first and second backsheets and thus ensures the overall structural stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0020] In some embodiments, the panel, the first adhesive film layer, the battery cell, the second adhesive film layer, the first backplate, the third adhesive film layer, and the second backplate are stacked sequentially and pressed together as a whole.

[0021] In this way, by using multiple layers of waterproofing and lightweight first and second backsheets, the solar cells are effectively protected against water while reducing the overall weight of the photovoltaic module.

[0022] The photovoltaic device according to the embodiments of this application includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules as described above, and the plurality of photovoltaic modules are electrically connected.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100 - Photovoltaic module; 10 - Solar cell; 12 - First surface; 13 - Second surface; 20 - Panel; 31 - First encapsulant layer; 32 - Second encapsulant layer; 33 - Third encapsulant layer; 41 - First backsheet; 42 - Second backsheet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and settings are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0033] In related technologies, photovoltaic modules strengthen the structure and protect the cells by stacking a panel and a backsheet on the front and back of the cells respectively. At the same time, in order to ensure light transmission and waterproof performance, the panel and backsheet are made of glass, but this greatly increases the weight of the photovoltaic module.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-3 The photovoltaic module 100 of this application includes a solar cell 10, a panel 20, a first backsheet 41, and a second backsheet 42. The solar cell 10 includes a first surface 12 and a second surface 13 facing away from each other. The panel 20 covers the first surface 12. The first backsheet 41 is a waterproof sheet. The first backsheet 41 and the second backsheet 42 are sequentially disposed on one side of the second surface 13 of the solar cell 10. The density of the second backsheet 42 is lower than that of the first backsheet 41, and the density range of the second backsheet 42 is 1.52 g / cm³. 3 ~2.28g / cm 3 .

[0035] The photovoltaic module 100 of this application embodiment is configured with a first backplate 41 as a waterproof plate and a second backplate 42 as a low-density lightweight plate, thereby achieving a good waterproof effect while reducing the total weight of the photovoltaic module 100, improving the convenience of the photovoltaic module 100 in transportation, installation and other processes, and also helping to expand the application range of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0036] Specifically, the photovoltaic module 100 can be applied to building surfaces, wearable devices, energy storage devices, vehicles, and other fields. For example, the photovoltaic module 100 can be installed on roofs, walls, or incorporated into outdoor work equipment. The photovoltaic module 100 is generally flat, and the solar cell 10 is also generally flat after being pressed. The solar cell 10 can be a crystalline silicon cell manufactured using Topcon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) technology or obtained using HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film) technology, or it can be a perovskite cell. The first surface 12 and the second surface 13 are the two sides of the solar cell 10 in the thickness direction, with the first surface 12 being the front and the second surface 13 being the back.

[0037] The solar cell 10 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The solar cell 10 can receive light through a first surface 12, which is the light-receiving surface, and a second surface 13, which is the backlight surface. In some other embodiments, the solar cell 10 can absorb incident light through both the first surface 12 and the second surface 13.

[0038] Panel 20, first back panel 41, and second back panel 42 are all thin-plate structures, and panel 20, first back panel 41, and second back panel 42 can be made of different polymer materials. For example, panel 20 can be made of engineering plastic with good light transmittance, first back panel 41 can be made of waterproof plastic material, and second back panel 42 can be made of lightweight synthetic plastic.

[0039] For example, the density of the second back plate 42 may be 1.84 g / cm³. 3 1.89 g / cm 3 1.91g / cm 3 1.92g / cm 3 1.94g / cm 3 2.0g / cm 3 It is easy to understand that the first back plate 41 is a water-blocking plate with a higher density than the second back plate 42 in order to reduce water vapor penetration.

[0040] In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 is located within the projection range of the panel 20 and the first back plate 41 along the thickness direction on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located. The first back plate 41 is disposed between the second surface 13 and the second back plate 42 of the battery cell 10, so that the panel 20 can cover the first surface 12 and the first back plate 41 can cover the second surface 13, thereby providing sufficient protection for the battery cell 10. Specifically, the embodiments of this application do not limit whether the panel 20 (first back plate 41) is in contact with the battery cell 10. The edges of the panel 20 and / or the first back plate 41 may partially extend beyond the edge of the battery cell 10, or may be aligned with the edge of the battery cell 10 along the thickness direction.

[0041] In some embodiments, the water vapor transmission rate of the first backsheet 41 ranges from 0.1 g / sq.m / day to 0.01 g / sq.m / day. Thus, the low water vapor transmission rate of the first backsheet 41 effectively blocks water vapor erosion on the back side of the battery cell 10.

[0042] Specifically, the first backsheet 41 is a high water-resistant sheet made primarily of PET. The water vapor transmission rate varies depending on the thickness of the first backsheet 41. When the thickness of the first backsheet 41 matches the thickness of the battery cell 10 and the second backsheet 42, the water vapor transmission rate of the first backsheet 41 can be 0.1 g / sq.m / day to 0.04 g / sq.m / day, 0.075 g / sq.m / day to 0.02 g / sq.m / day, 0.06 g / sq.m / day to 0.04 g / sq.m / day, 0.09 g / sq.m / day to 0.05 g / sq.m / day, 0.08 g / sq.m / day to 0.01 g / sq.m / day, etc. Furthermore, the first backsheet 41 has a high light transmittance.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the second backsheet 42 comprises at least glass fiber and epoxy resin, and the thickness of the second backsheet 42 ranges from 1.5 mm to 3 mm. Thus, by using low-density materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin and setting the thickness of the second backsheet 42 within a reasonable range, the weight of the second backsheet 42 and the photovoltaic module 100 as a whole is reduced while ensuring structural strength.

[0044] Specifically, the second backing plate 42 is a thin plate of uniform thickness. Furthermore, the second backing plate 42 can be made of fiberglass cloth and epoxy resin bonded together under high temperature and pressure, resulting in the second backing plate 42 having high structural strength and low density. In a preferred embodiment, the density of the second backing plate 42 is 1.9 g / cm³. 3 .

[0045] For example, the thickness of the second back plate 42 is 1.5mm, 1.75mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.4mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, or 3mm.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the shape and size of the second backplate 42 match the shape and size of the battery cell 10.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a first encapsulant layer 31 and a second encapsulant layer 32. The first encapsulant layer 31 is disposed between the panel 20 and the solar cell 10, and the second encapsulant layer 32 is disposed between the first backsheet 41 and the solar cell 10. The water vapor transmission rate of the first encapsulant layer 31 and the second encapsulant layer 32 is at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

[0048] Thus, by stacking the first adhesive film layer 31 and the second adhesive film layer 32 on the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 of the solar cell 10 respectively, an adhesive layer is added while the waterproof layer is added, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0049] Specifically, the projections of the first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32 along the thickness direction onto the plane where the battery cell 10 is located are consistent with the outer contour of the battery cell 10. This application does not limit the battery cell 10 to be square, polygonal, triangular, circular, elliptical, fan-shaped or other irregular shapes. Taking the battery cell 10 as a square as an example, the first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32 are square with the same size as the battery cell 10.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32 are POE films. Thus, both the first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32 are POE films with good waterproof performance, thereby achieving a good water-blocking effect on both the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 of the battery cell 10.

[0051] Specifically, POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) is a novel polyolefin elastomer, a thermoplastic formed by in-situ polymerization of ethylene and octene. In a preferred embodiment, the water vapor permeability of the POE film is 0.7 g / sq.m / day, which is lower than that of commonly used EVA and PVB films in the prior art.

[0052] In some embodiments, panel 20 is a plastic panel 20. In this way, by using a relatively lightweight plastic panel 20, the overall weight of the photovoltaic module 100 is further reduced.

[0053] Specifically, panel 20 may be made of engineering plastics, such as PET (Polyethylene glycol terephthalate) and reinforced PET with additives. Panel 20 and the first adhesive film layer 31 are light-transmitting.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes a third adhesive film layer 33, which is located between the first backsheet 41 and the second backsheet 42. Thus, the third adhesive film layer 33 bonds the first backsheet 41 and the second backsheet 42, improving the connection strength between them and ensuring the overall structural stability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0055] Specifically, the third adhesive layer 33 can be made of thermoplastic plastics such as EVA (Polyethylene vinylacetate), PVB (Polyvinyl butyral), or POE. The third adhesive layer 33 can have the same length and width dimensions as the second back plate 42.

[0056] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the panel 20, the first adhesive film layer 31, the solar cell 10, the second adhesive film layer 32, the first backsheet 41, the third adhesive film layer 33, and the second backsheet 42 are sequentially stacked and pressed together as a whole. In this way, through multi-layer waterproofing and the use of lightweight first and second backsheets 41 and 42, the solar cell 10 is effectively protected against water, while the overall weight of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced.

[0057] Specifically, the battery cell 10 is pressed into a square flat plate, and the panel 20, the first adhesive film layer 31, the second adhesive film layer 32, the first back plate 41, the third adhesive film layer 33, and the second back plate 42 are made into a square thin plate or sheet that matches the size of the battery cell 10.

[0058] In one example, panel 20 can be made of reinforced PET, first back sheet 41 is a high water-resistant board made of PET as the main material, second back sheet 42 is a glass fiber and epoxy resin bonded board, first adhesive layer 31 and second adhesive layer 32 are POE film, third adhesive layer 33 is EVA film, panel 20 and first adhesive layer 31 are superimposed on the first surface 12 of solar cell 10, second adhesive layer 32, first back sheet 41, third adhesive layer 33 and second back sheet 42 are superimposed on the second surface 13, and are pressed together to form a lightweight photovoltaic module 100 as a whole, which can effectively block water vapor erosion on both sides of solar cell 10.

[0059] The photovoltaic device (not shown) according to the embodiments of this application includes multiple photovoltaic modules 100, which are electrically connected. Thus, the electrical connection of multiple photovoltaic modules 100 can increase the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic device.

[0060] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes: The battery cell includes a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other; A panel that covers the first surface; First back panel, the first back panel is a waterproof board; and, A second backsheet is disposed sequentially on one side of the second surface of the battery cell, wherein the density of the second backsheet is lower than that of the first backsheet, and the density range of the second backsheet is 1.52 g / cm³. 3 ~2.28g / cm 3 .

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water vapor transmission rate of the first back plate ranges from 0.1 g / sq.m / day to 0.01 g / sq.m / day.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second back panel comprises at least fiberglass and epoxy resin materials, and the thickness of the second back panel ranges from 1.5mm to 3mm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell is located within the projection range of the panel and the first back plate along the thickness direction on the plane where the battery cell is located.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a first encapsulant layer and a second encapsulant layer. The first encapsulant layer is disposed between the panel and the solar cell, and the second encapsulant layer is disposed between the first backsheet and the solar cell. The water vapor transmission rate of the first encapsulant layer and the second encapsulant layer is at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are POE films.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The panel is a plastic panel.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a third encapsulating film layer, which is located between the first backsheet and the second backsheet.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The panel, the first adhesive film layer, the battery cell, the second adhesive film layer, the first backplate, the third adhesive film layer, and the second backplate are stacked in sequence and pressed together as a whole.

10. A photovoltaic device, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic modules are electrically connected.

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