Random access method, terminal and network side equipment

Abstract

Disclosed are a random access method, a terminal and a network side device, belonging to the technical field of communications, the random access method of an embodiment of the present application comprising: a terminal obtaining beam layout information of a synchronization signal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal comprising layout information of a beam of at least one synchronization signal; the terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal; and the terminal executes the random access process on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a random access method, a terminal, and network-side equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in non-terrestrial networks (NTN) communication, random access is performed between the terminal and the satellite to establish a link between the terminal and the satellite, so that data information can be transmitted to other terminals or network-side devices on the terrestrial network via the satellite.

[0003] However, in NTN communication scenarios, a terminal receives multiple Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs) with similar signal strengths from the same NTN. Typically, the terminal can select the SSB with the best signal quality for random access based on its Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). However, satellite positions constantly move, and the SSB positions move synchronously. When an SSB moves, the area illuminated by the SSB the terminal is currently accessing may not be the area of ​​the terminal's current location, resulting in poor signal quality and preventing the terminal from transmitting data through the established transmission path. In other words, it is difficult for a terminal to accurately select the SSB corresponding to its current location solely based on RSRP.

[0004] Therefore, how the terminal selects the SSB with more stable signal quality to perform the random access procedure is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a random access method, a terminal, and a network-side device, enabling the terminal to select signal instructions to better synchronize signals and execute the random access procedure.

[0006] In a first aspect, a random access method is provided, executed by a terminal, the method comprising: the terminal acquiring beam layout information of a synchronization signal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal including beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; the terminal selecting a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal; and the terminal executing a random access procedure on a random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0007] Secondly, a random access method is provided, executed by a network-side device. The method includes: the network-side device sending beam layout information of a synchronization signal to a terminal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on a random access resource associated with a first synchronization signal, and the first synchronization signal is a synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0008] Thirdly, a random access device is provided, comprising: an acquisition module, a selection module, and an execution module; the acquisition module is used to acquire beam layout information of a synchronization signal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal including beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; the selection module is used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal; and the execution module is used to execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0009] Fourthly, a random access device is provided, comprising: a transmitting module; the transmitting module being configured to transmit beam layout information of a synchronization signal to a terminal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal including beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on a random access resource associated with a first synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal being a synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0010] Fifthly, a random access device is provided, the device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0011] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0012] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to select a first synchronization signal based on beam layout information of a synchronization signal; and execute a random access procedure on a random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal, and the communication interface is configured to obtain beam layout information of the synchronization signal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal.

[0013] Eighthly, a network-side device is provided, the network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0014] A ninth aspect provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send beam layout information of a synchronization signal to a terminal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal including beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on a random access resource associated with a first synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal being a synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0015] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0016] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0017] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect.

[0018] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0019] In this embodiment, the terminal obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, which includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. Then, based on the beam layout information, it selects a suitable first synchronization signal. At this point, the terminal can execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, accurately select a synchronization signal matching the area where the terminal is located, and successfully execute the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with that synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access. When measuring the signal quality of different SSBs to determine the signal quality of the NTN cell or the downlink path loss signal quality, the terminal can measure the SSB corresponding to its location or the SSB of adjacent areas based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, without needing to measure SSBs that are far away, thereby reducing the terminal's SSB listening time and workload. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a possible structural diagram of the communication system involved in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another random access method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal receiving SSB layout information according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a network-side device structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] The following explains the technical terms used in the embodiments of this application:

[0035] Non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0036] The link between the terminal and the satellite is called the service link, and the link between the satellite and the ground gateway is called the feeder link.

[0037] NTN communication systems include two types: transparent payload-based NTN communication systems and regenerative payload-based NTN communication systems. In 3GPP Releases 17 and 18, only transparent payload-based NTN communication systems were considered. In this deployment environment, terminals, base stations, and core network equipment are all deployed on the ground, and communication data between terminals and network equipment is relayed via satellite. In this system, the satellite is only used to relay data between the base station and the terminal; it does not decode or process this data. In 3GPP Release 19, the system was extended to regenerative payload-based NTN systems. In this deployment environment, the satellite has all the functions of a base station and can decode and process uplink or downlink data.

[0038] Based on satellite orbital altitude, NTN communication systems are divided into high-Earth orbit (GEO), low-Earth orbit (LEO), and medium-Earth orbit (MEO) satellite communication systems. GEO satellites are commonly found in high-Earth orbits, with an altitude of 35,786 km, and are stationary relative to the Earth's surface. Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites typically have an altitude range of 600 km to 1200 km. Medium-Earth orbit (MEO) satellites typically have an altitude range of 2000 km to 10000 km.

[0039] In NTN communication systems, due to limited downlink transmission power, satellites need to use time-division dynamic satellite beam hopping (beam hopping) to transmit and receive data over the coverage areas of one or more satellite beams. This means the satellite transmits and receives data over the coverage areas of one or more satellite beams for a period of time, and then over another period of time. For example, a satellite may have 20 satellite beams covering its area, but it cannot illuminate all 20 areas simultaneously. In practice, the satellite can illuminate the coverage areas of satellite beams #1 / 4 / 7 / 10 / 15 / 17 / 19 during the T1-T2 time interval, while other coverage areas will have no signal. Terminals in these coverage areas can transmit and receive data normally. Then, during the T2-T3 time interval, the satellite can illuminate the coverage areas of satellite beams #2 / 5 / 8 / 12 / 15 / 16 / 19. Whether a specific coverage area is illuminated or not can be determined through time pattern configuration.

[0040] The beam hopping mode of an NTN base station can be applied to both downlink and uplink channels simultaneously, or to either channel alone. If beam hopping is applied solely to the downlink channel, the NTN uplink channel uses a broadcast beam to receive signals. If beam hopping is applied solely to the uplink channel, the NTN downlink channel uses a broadcast beam to transmit signals. It can be understood that each broadcast beam has a larger angular spread than a beam hopping beam, and the area covered by one broadcast beam encompasses the areas covered by several beam hopping beams; the beamforming gain of the broadcast beam is smaller than that of the beam hopping beam. Typically, the signal quality of the uplink channel in an NTN network is inferior to that of the downlink channel (due to differences in satellite and terminal transmit power and antenna configuration). Therefore, to reduce the signal quality difference between the uplink and downlink channels, it is advisable to use a broadcast beam for the downlink channel and a beam hopping beam for the uplink channel; for example, during the initial access phase or in idle / inactive states, the downlink channel uses a broadcast beam, and the uplink channel uses a beam hopping beam.

[0041] New Radio (NR) supports two types of random access procedures: the 4-step Random Access (RA) type with message 1 (Msg1), also known as the 4-step Random Access Channel (RACH), and the 2-step RA type with MsgA, also known as 2-step RACH. Both types of RA procedures support contention-based RA (CBRA) and contention-free RA (CFRA). The 2-step RACH procedure is generally used in areas with good coverage to shorten terminal access time. In areas with poor signal coverage, terminals should use the 4-step RACH procedure to access the cell. In 3GPP NR Releases 17 and 18, the 4-step random access procedure with repeated transmissions of Msg3 and Msg1, respectively, were introduced to improve uplink signal coverage and increase the success rate of random access procedures in coverage-limited scenarios. In addition, future 3GPP versions may also support a 4-step random access procedure for repeated transmission of Msg1 associated with multiple SSBs.

[0042] In the random access procedure, the terminal needs to use the synchronization signal beam as the reference beam for uplink and downlink signal transmission and reception. After completing downlink synchronization and cell search, the terminal receives and detects the SSB signals in the initial downlink bandwidth part (BWP) to obtain the signal quality of different SSBs, such as the synchronization signal based reference signal received power (SS-RSRP). The terminal selects an SSB based on the threshold rsrp-ThresholdSSB indicated in the System Information Block (SIB). If there are multiple SSBs with SS-RSRP higher than the threshold, the terminal selects one of them as the associated SSB for the random access procedure. If the signal quality of all SSBs is lower than the threshold, the terminal can select any SSB as the associated SSB for the random access procedure. The specific SSB selection scheme is implemented by the terminal. It should be noted that the existing protocol requires that the terminal selects an SSB based only on the most recent SSB measurement result, and the terminal does not perform layer 3 filtering on the SSB measurement result. Therefore, the accuracy of RSRP of a single SSB measurement is relatively low.

[0043] After a terminal accesses the network, the network-side device can request the terminal to report some status information, including relevant information from the random access process.

[0044] NTN SSB beam coverage, Doppler analysis, and path loss analysis. Based on the beamhopping NTN SSB beam model given in 3GPP R19, the modeling formula (1) for the normalized antenna gain pattern of the SSB beam's radiation space energy distribution is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Where J1(x) is a first-order Bessel function of the first kind, k = 2πf / c is the wavenumber, f is the center frequency, c is the speed of light, and a is the radius of the satellite circular antenna array. Here we provide a set of typical NTN system parameters: the NTN network operates at 2 GHz, the LEO satellite is at an altitude of 600 km, the satellite antenna array radius is 1.6 m, and the 3dB angular spread of the SSB beam is approximately 4.4127 degrees. When the NTN satellite is tilted at 90 degrees (vertical illumination), the diameter of the SSB beam's 3dB angular coverage area is approximately 46 km. When the NTN satellite is tilted at 60 degrees, the SSB beam's 3dB angular coverage area exhibits a shape similar to an ellipse, with a major axis length of approximately 62 km and a minor axis length of approximately 54 km. When the NTN satellite is tilted at 30 degrees, the elliptical shape of the SSB beam's 3dB angular coverage area has a major axis length of approximately 272 km and a minor axis length of approximately 111 km. Therefore, when the NTN beam is tilted to illuminate the Earth, the 3dB angle extension coverage areas of different SSB beams overlap.

[0047] From another perspective, when the NTN beam is tilted to illuminate the Earth, the energy difference between adjacent SSB beams may be relatively small. For example, when the NTN satellite's tilt angle is 30 degrees, and assuming the service area diameter of adjacent SSBs is 50 km, the angular difference between adjacent SSB beams is only 0.7 degrees, and the radiation difference between the serving SSB beam and the adjacent SSB beam is approximately -0.74 dB. As another example, when the NTN satellite's tilt angle is 90 degrees, and the terminal is located in the center region of the serving SSB beam, the angular difference between adjacent SSB beams is approximately equal to a 3 dB angular spread, and the signal energy difference between adjacent SSB beams relative to the serving SSB beam is approximately -3 dB.

[0048] In NTN communication, the distance between the satellite and the terminal is very large, resulting in significant path loss. Consequently, the signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) of the SSB signal received by the terminal is typically low. In this scenario, when a terminal receives multiple SSBs with similar signal strengths within an NTN network, such as the SSB in the serving area and SSBs in adjacent areas, it becomes difficult to accurately select the SSB in the area where the terminal is currently located using RSRP (Signal Strength Retention Point).

[0049] In NTN systems, to ensure that terminals can detect synchronization signals near candidate frequencies within the synchronization raster, NTN satellites pre-compensate for a frequency offset based on the overall Doppler frequency offset of the service area when transmitting synchronization signals. If this Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation operation uses different pre-compensation values ​​for each SSB during NTN SSB beam transmission, then even if the terminal successfully detects an SSB, the RSRP detection will be inaccurate due to the different frequency offset compensations between SSBs and the resulting frequency asynchrony. Therefore, after obtaining frequency synchronization, this frequency configuration cannot be used to detect other SSB signals. In such pre-compensated NTN systems, the terminal needs to repeatedly perform the initial SSB search operation to detect SSBs.

[0050] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0051] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. thGeneration 6G communication system.

[0052] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game consoles, personal computers (PCs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (AS), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical terminology. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a base station in an NR system as an example for description and does not limit the specific type of base station.

[0053] The embodiments of this application take into account that in the prior art, multiple adjacent SSB beams of a satellite have similar receiving power at the terminal, making it impossible to accurately select the SSB beam.

[0054] If an inappropriate SSB beam is selected to access the NTN cell, the Doppler frequency offset may exceed the detection range of the satellite receiver, resulting in a decrease in the success rate of random access; or, the NTN cell may need to perform additional beam scheduling to switch to the appropriate SSB beam reception service.

[0055] For example, if a terminal accesses an NTN cell under an adjacent SSB beam, when the satellite SSB beam's tilt angle changes to around 90 degrees, the energy difference between the adjacent SSB beam and the serving SSB beam can reach 3dB or even greater. In this case, the terminal needs to switch SSB beams to obtain better signal quality. It's understandable that for an NTN terminal at a specific location, the signal quality of the serving SSB beam is relatively stable throughout the entire service time of the NTN satellite (from oblique illumination to vertical illumination and back to oblique illumination). However, the signal quality of adjacent SSB beams fluctuates significantly (similar to the serving SSB signal quality under oblique illumination, but significantly different under vertical illumination).

[0056] Therefore, to ensure stable communication quality and avoid unnecessary beam switching during the NTN communication phase, the terminal should connect to the serving SSB beam. The terminal can connect to the correct SSB beam through a beam switching procedure after entering the connected state, or select the correct SSB beam during the random access phase.

[0057] In response, the random access method provided in this application embodiment involves the terminal acquiring beam layout information of a synchronization signal, which includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. Based on this beam layout information, the terminal selects a suitable first synchronization signal. At this point, the terminal can execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the acquired beam layout information, accurately selecting a synchronization signal matching the terminal's location, and successfully executing the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with that synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access.

[0058] The random access method, terminal, and network-side equipment provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0059] The execution entity of the random access method provided in this embodiment can be a random access device, which can be a terminal, or a control module or processing module in the terminal, etc. The following uses a terminal as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0060] This application provides a random access method. Figure 2 A flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to a terminal. Figure 2 As shown, the random access method provided in this application embodiment may include the following steps 201 to 203.

[0061] Step 201: The terminal obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal can receive beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the above-mentioned synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal.

[0064] For example, the above-mentioned at least one synchronization signal can be a synchronization signal from the same set of synchronization signals.

[0065] For example, the above synchronization signal can be extended to other reference signals: SSB, Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Time-Frequency Tracking Signal (CSI-RS for Tracking), Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal can access an NTN cell or an Air To Ground (ATG) cell by selecting a synchronization signal.

[0067] In other words, the aforementioned synchronization signal can be used to access NTN cells or ATG cells.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the reference point coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, such as the center position coordinates, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

[0070] For example, taking the above-mentioned synchronization signal as SSB, the beam layout information of the above-mentioned synchronization signal can be a parameter description of the SSB coverage area or a description of the SSB beam angle information.

[0071] For example, the layout information of an SSB beam can be an SSB identifier, the coordinates of a reference point in the SSB beam coverage area, such as the coordinates of the center point of the coverage area, longitude, latitude, altitude, and the coverage radius of the SSB beam area.

[0072] For example, the layout information of an SSB beam can be an SSB identifier, the main lobe angle of the SSB beam, the angle spread of the SSB beam, such as a 3dB angle spread, or a predefined angle spread.

[0073] It is understandable that the main lobe angles of the aforementioned SSB beams are the pitch angle / vertical angle and the scanning angle / horizontal angle, for example, using the line connecting the satellite and the Earth's center as the reference line for the corresponding polar coordinates.

[0074] Alternatively, the terminal can determine the coverage mode of the NTN cell through predefined rules of the protocol or explicit configuration information of the network testing equipment, such as earth-moving or quasi-fixed-earth, or pass-through mode or regeneration mode. For different coverage modes, different parameter combinations are used to describe the SSB beam layout.

[0075] For earth-moving coverage mode or transparent transmission mode, the SSB layout information can optionally be a combination of parameters related to the angle of the SSB beam in the NTN cell. For example, the angle of the SSB beam main lobe and the angle spread of the main lobe beam. This is because, in this mode, the SSB beam is relatively fixed on the NTN cell / satellite side / transmitter side, and describing it using parameters related to the transmitter side is more concise.

[0076] For quasi-fixed-earth coverage or regeneration modes, optionally, SSB layout information can be described using a combination of geographic location parameters, such as the reference point or center point coordinates of the SSB beam coverage area, and the radius of the coverage area. This is because this mode assumes that a fixed area is covered by a fixed beam or a fixed cell, making it more appropriate to describe it using parameters related to the coverage area.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal may also include SSB number, time domain position and frequency domain position, or the beam layout information of the synchronization signal corresponds one-to-one with SSB, for example, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal is indicated sequentially according to the SSB number order; further, the time of the NTN cell SSB, or the conversion parameters of frequency related parameters, or the effective time are provided to the terminal for a period of time.

[0078] For example, the aforementioned time-domain location can be a representation of the time system of the TN network, an offset or sampling point relative to the frame boundary or symbol boundary of the TN network.

[0079] For example, the aforementioned frequency domain position can be the position relative to the TN network's frequency domain, or a reference point, or the frequency domain offset of the lower boundary of the BWP frequency domain, or a frequency point representation method predefined by the protocol, such as a sync raster or channel raster number.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal can be implicit or explicit.

[0081] For example, the implicit predefined rules for the beam layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal include at least one of the following:

[0082] A time period is predefined; for example, synchronization signals within a time slot are synchronization signals that are adjacent to each other.

[0083] A predefined set of adjacent SSBs has the same frequency offset precompensation value.

[0084] For example, the explicit signaling indication of the beam layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0085] The layout information of the SSB is carried in the system message, i.e., in the form of broadcast.

[0086] Multicast messages are scheduled on CORESET#0 associated with different SSBs to indicate the layout information of all SSBs in the cell, or to indicate the layout information of the current SSB and its adjacent SSBs, i.e., in the form of multicast.

[0087] The network-side equipment indicates the SSB layout of adjacent NTN cells, the layout information of all SSNs in adjacent NTN cells, or the SSB beams of adjacent NTN cells near the terminal's current serving beam, or the SSB beams at the boundary between the serving NTN cell and the adjacent NTN cell (furthermore, it indicates multiple sets of association relationships, which indicate that the SSB beams of the serving NTN cell and the beams of the adjacent NTN cells have adjacent or similar coverage areas).

[0088] In one example, the beam layout information of the SSB is transmitted via broadcast, multicast, or unicast.

[0089] For example, when the network-side device transmits the aforementioned beam layout information via multicast, after the terminal detects an SSB through a synchronization process, it determines the time-frequency position of CORESET#0 based on the detected SSB. The terminal then obtains the layout information of a portion of the SSB beams based on system messages or multicast messages scheduled by CORESET#0. The layout information of the portion of the SSB beams includes the layout information of the SSB corresponding to CORESET#0 / the SSB detected or determined by the terminal synchronization process, as well as the layout information of its adjacent SSB beams.

[0090] Step 202: The terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0091] In one possible embodiment, the terminal can select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

[0092] For example, for quasi-fixed earth NTN, the terminal selects the synchronization signal within the synchronization signal coverage area where the terminal is located for random access.

[0093] In one possible embodiment, in NTN communication, the terminal may also select the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the ephemeris information of network-side devices, such as satellites.

[0094] For example, the terminal selects the synchronization signal with the smallest angle between the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite transmission path and the angle of the main lobe of the synchronization signal beam as the first synchronization signal.

[0095] For example, the ephemeris information described above is used to characterize the satellite's orbit and the time information of the satellite's movement.

[0096] For example, for earth-moving NTNs, the synchronization signal with a longer service time is selected for random access by combining NTN ephemeris information.

[0097] In one possible embodiment, the terminal may also select the first synchronization signal based on the signal quality parameters of the synchronization signal.

[0098] For example, the terminal selects the synchronization signal with the best signal quality parameter from multiple synchronization signals for random access, wherein the multiple synchronization signals are synchronization signals of adjacent layouts in the beam layout.

[0099] In one possible embodiment, the terminal can directly select the synchronization signal recommended or indicated by the network-side device for random access.

[0100] Step 203: The terminal executes the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal uses different first random access types to perform a random access procedure on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0102] For example, the first random access type mentioned above includes any of the following:

[0103] PRACH repeated transmission type;

[0104] Multiple synchronization signals randomly accessed;

[0105] Single synchronization signal random access type

[0106] Four-step random access type;

[0107] Two-step random access type.

[0108] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, step 203 above can be specifically implemented by step 203a below.

[0109] Step 203a: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the first information.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, the first information mentioned above includes at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the movement trajectory information of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

[0111] The first possible implementation:

[0112] When the aforementioned first information includes the terminal's location information and movement trajectory information, the terminal selects a first random access type based on the first information, including any of the following methods:

[0113] Method 1: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the distance between its location and the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network.

[0114] Method 2: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the angle of the transmission path from the terminal's location to the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network.

[0115] Method 3: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the angle of the transmission path and the main lobe angle of the first synchronization signal.

[0116] For example, in mode 1, the terminal selects a first random access type based on whether the distance between the terminal's location and the satellite exceeds a first predefined threshold. For instance, if the distance between the terminal's location and the satellite is greater than or equal to a preset distance threshold, the terminal selects a random access type with repeated PRACH transmissions as the first random access type; otherwise, it selects a random access type with single PRACH transmissions as the first random access type.

[0117] For example, in method 2, the terminal selects a first random access type based on whether the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite's transmission path exceeds a second predefined threshold, such as a beam depression angle less than or greater than the threshold (e.g., less than 45 degrees or greater than 135 degrees). For instance, if the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite's transmission path is greater than or equal to the second predefined threshold, a random access type with repeated PRACH transmissions is selected as the first random access type; otherwise, a random access type with single PRACH transmissions is selected. As another example, if the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite's transmission path is greater than or equal to the second predefined threshold, multiple synchronization signals are selected for random access; otherwise, only one synchronization signal is selected.

[0118] For example, in mode 3, the terminal selects a first random access type based on whether the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite's transmission path and the SSB main lobe angle exceeds a third predefined threshold. For instance, if the angle between the terminal's location and the satellite's transmission path and the SSB main lobe angle is greater than or equal to the third predefined threshold, then the random access type of repeated PRACH transmission is selected as the first random access type; otherwise, the random access type of single PRACH transmission is selected as the first random access type.

[0119] The second possible implementation:

[0120] When the aforementioned first information includes movement trajectory information, the terminal selects a first random access type based on the first information, including any of the following methods:

[0121] Method 4: If the network-side device corresponding to the NTN has not yet reached the target location, the terminal selects one synchronization signal from at least one synchronization signal and determines the random access type of the single synchronization signal as the first random access type.

[0122] Method 5: If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has reached the target location, the terminal selects multiple synchronization signals from at least one synchronization signal and determines the random access type of the multiple synchronization signals as the first random access type.

[0123] For example, the target location mentioned above is the location with the shortest distance from the terminal's location in the operating track of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN.

[0124] It is understandable that if the network-side equipment corresponding to the aforementioned NTN has not yet reached the target position, it can be described as the satellite not yet passing overhead; if the network-side equipment corresponding to the aforementioned NTN has reached the target position, it can be described as the satellite having passed overhead.

[0125] For example, in mode 4, when the NTN satellite has not yet passed overhead, meaning that the signal quality of the serving SSB beam will be significantly greater than that of the adjacent SSB beam in the future time period, an SSB is selected as the synchronization signal, that is, a single synchronization signal random access type is selected as the first random access type.

[0126] For example, in mode 5, when the NTN satellite has passed overhead, meaning that the signals of the serving SSB beam and the adjacent SSB beam will become increasingly close during the future service period, multiple SSBs are selected as synchronization signals, that is, multiple synchronization signal random access types are selected as the first random access type.

[0127] Considering that when the SSB beam of an NTN cell is tilted and illuminates the ground, adjacent SSBs will have a large overlap area and similar signal energy, using a random access procedure that associates multiple SSBs can improve the success rate of terminal access to the NTN cell.

[0128] The third possible implementation:

[0129] When the aforementioned first information includes the terminal's location information and the first synchronization signal quality parameters, the terminal selects a first random access type based on the first information, including at least one of the following methods:

[0130] Method 6: The terminal first determines the random access type based on its relative position to the satellite, i.e., it selects either a random access procedure associated with multiple SSBs or a random access type associated with one SSB. If it selects a random access type associated with one SSB, the terminal selects the first random access type based on signal quality parameters, such as the downlink reference path loss of RSRP; or it determines the PRACH signal format for random access, for example, selecting the first PRACH format or a shorter PRACH format when the PRACH value is above a threshold, and selecting the second PRACH format or a longer PRACH format when the PRACH value is below the threshold. Furthermore, if the terminal selects to use a random access type associated with multiple SSBs or a random access type with repeated PRACH transmissions, the terminal can determine the number of SSBs or the number of PRACH retransmissions based on the system message configuration. For example, when the distance between the terminal and the satellite is below a threshold, the number of SSBs or the number of PRACH retransmissions is set to a fixed value. Alternatively, multiple threshold values ​​can be configured in the system message. When the distance is below the first threshold, the number of SSBs or the number of PRACH retransmissions is set to a1; when the distance is below the second threshold, the number of SSBs or the number of PRACH retransmissions is set to a2, and so on. The values ​​a1, a2, etc., can be predefined by the protocol or configured by the system message.

[0131] Method 7: The terminal first determines the first random access type based on signal quality parameters. If no random access type is determined, it then determines the random access type based on the relative position of the terminal and the satellite. For example, if the signal quality measured by the terminal is higher than a predefined threshold, the terminal selects 2-step random access or 4-step random access; if the signal quality is lower than the predefined threshold, the random access type is determined based on the relative relationship between the terminal and the satellite. If the distance between the terminal and the satellite is less than the predefined threshold, 4-step random access is selected; if it is greater than the predefined threshold, random access associated with multiple SSBs or random access with repeated PRACH transmissions is selected.

[0132] In this way, the terminal determines the type of random access by using ephemeris information, namely the movement trajectory of the network-side equipment and the terminal's location information, thereby improving the success rate of the terminal accessing the NTN cell, i.e., performing random access.

[0133] In the random access method provided in this application embodiment, the terminal obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, which includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; then, based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, it selects a suitable first synchronization signal; at this time, the terminal can execute the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the obtained beam layout information of the synchronization signal, thereby accurately selecting a synchronization signal matching the area where the terminal is located, and successfully executing the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access; when the terminal measures the signal quality of different SSBs to determine the signal quality of the NTN cell or the downlink path loss signal quality, it can measure the SSB corresponding to the terminal location or the SSB of adjacent areas based on the layout information of the synchronization signal, without needing to measure SSBs that are far away, thereby reducing the terminal's SSB listening time and workload; furthermore, by configuring the network or using predefined protocol rules, the upper limit of the number of SSBs measured in the terminal's area and adjacent areas is limited to assist the terminal in selecting SSBs.

[0134] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the above step 201 "the terminal obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal" can be specifically implemented by the following step 201a.

[0135] Step 201a: The terminal receives beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device.

[0136] In some embodiments of this application, the network-side device is the network-side device corresponding to NTN or the network-side device corresponding to TN.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal can be obtained from broadcast messages or Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages of NTN cells, or from TN cells.

[0138] For example, after performing an NTN cell search, the terminal obtains the coverage layout of the SSB beam, i.e., the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, from the system message of the NTN cell. For instance, when the terminal first accesses an NTN cell, it obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the system message of the NTN cell.

[0139] For example, after a terminal establishes a link with an NTN cell, the NTN cell sends an RRC message to notify the serving NTN cell of its SSB beam layout and / or the SSB beam layout of neighboring NTN cells. For instance, after accessing the NTN, the terminal uses the beam layout information of the neighboring SSBs of its current SSB in the NTN cell for beam measurement and management, or the SSB beam layout information of neighboring NTN cells for future NTN cell handover.

[0140] For example, in an area where a TN network exists, the terminal can establish dual links with both the TN and NTN networks. Alternatively, in a scenario where the terminal leaves the TN network and switches to the NTN network, the TN network provides the terminal with auxiliary information for accessing the NTN network. This auxiliary information includes the beam layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal.

[0141] For example, the terminal sends a request message to the TN network to request access to the NTN network, or if the TN network does not meet the requirements, such as due to weak signal or being outside the service area, the TN network can provide the NTN network's SSB-related information, i.e., the beam layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal, based on the terminal's request message.

[0142] For example, a TN network can configure a measurement list of neighboring cells for a terminal, indicating NTN cells and related information in the neighboring cell list to assist the terminal in measuring NTN cells.

[0143] Understandably, when NTN cells are neighboring cells, the TN network can periodically or dynamically update the auxiliary information of the NTN cells. This auxiliary information may include the SSBID of the NTN cell to be measured or accessed, the time and / or frequency information of the SSB, the coverage area information of the SSB, and the effective time, etc. The time and / or frequency information of the SSB can be the time-frequency offset relative to the TN network's SSB. Because the motion of LEO satellites changes over time, the timing and Doppler frequency offset characteristics of NTN cells will continuously change, and the TN network needs to update the relevant auxiliary information in a timely manner. For earth-moving mode NTN cells, the TN network needs to update the NTN cell information in the cell list based on the current NTN cell or NTN satellite.

[0144] In this way, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side equipment, so that the terminal can select a more accurate synchronization signal to perform the random access procedure based on its location and the beam information of different synchronization signals, thereby ensuring that the coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal selected by the terminal includes the area where the terminal is located.

[0145] It should be noted that the above three implementation methods can be implemented individually or in combination, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any restrictions.

[0146] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the terminal may select a first synchronization signal based on at least one of the terminal's location information, the ephemeris information of the network-side device (i.e., the satellite's movement trajectory), and the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0147] The first possible implementation:

[0148] The terminal can select the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the terminal's location information.

[0149] Optionally, step 202, "the terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal," can be implemented through step 202a.

[0150] Step 202a: Select the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the terminal based on the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

[0151] In some embodiments of this application, the location information of the terminal may include at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the area information of the location of the terminal, and the cell information of the location of the terminal.

[0152] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal selects the first synchronization signal by determining the location of the terminal and the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal.

[0153] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, step 202a above can be specifically implemented by step 202a1 below.

[0154] Step 202a1: The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the distance between the terminal's location and at least one reference point.

[0155] In some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned at least one reference point is a reference point in the beam coverage area of ​​at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0156] For example, the terminal selects an SSB for random access based on the distance between the terminal and the center point or reference point of each SSB beam, i.e., the center point or reference point of each SSB beam is at least one of the reference points. Alternatively, the terminal selects multiple SSBs to perform random access associated with multiple SSBs.

[0157] For example, based on the distance between the terminal's location and at least one reference point, the terminal's selection criteria may be to select the SSB with the smallest distance, i.e., the aforementioned synchronization signal, or to select multiple SSBs with the smallest distance, or to select one or more SSBs with a distance less than a predefined threshold.

[0158] Thus, since the terminal can select the synchronization signal corresponding to its location based on its location and the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal in the network-side equipment, the success rate of the terminal performing random access on the random access resources of that synchronization signal is higher.

[0159] The second possible implementation:

[0160] The terminal can select the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout of the synchronization signal and the ephemeris information of the network-side equipment.

[0161] Optionally, step 202, "the terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal," can be implemented through step 202b below.

[0162] Step 202b: The terminal determines the synchronization signal with the longest service time in the beam layout information of the synchronization signals as the first synchronization signal.

[0163] In some embodiments of this application, the service time mentioned above is the time during which the synchronization signal provides services to the terminal.

[0164] For example, the SSB coverage time can be determined based on the movement trend of the satellite, i.e., the network-side equipment mentioned above, or the SSB beam can be selected based on the proportion of discontinuous transmission (DTX) time in the SSB beam configuration.

[0165] For example, in earth-moving mode, if the satellite is moving away from the terminal, the terminal selects the beam away from the satellite; if the satellite is moving closer to the terminal, the terminal selects the beam closer to the satellite for random access.

[0166] For example, in the cell handover process of an NTN cell, the terminal obtains the DTX activation period and duration of each SSB in the target cell, or the load status of each SSB. The terminal selects an SSB with low load or matching DTX time for access. Specifically, when selecting an SSB, an offset is added to the signal quality of the corresponding SSB based on the load and DTX status.

[0167] In this way, the terminal can combine the service duration of the synchronization signal to select the synchronization signal that can serve the terminal for a longer period of time to perform the random access procedure, thereby ensuring that the terminal can be in a state of good signal quality for a long time.

[0168] The third possible implementation:

[0169] When the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes the signal quality parameters of the synchronization signal, the terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0170] Optionally, step 202, "the terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal," can be implemented through step 202c.

[0171] Step 202c: The terminal determines the first synchronization signal based on the signal quality parameters of at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0172] For example, the terminal can first select an SSB based on the threshold value pre-configured in the protocol. If only one SSB's signal quality exceeds the threshold value, that SSB is selected. If multiple SSBs' signal quality exceeds the threshold value, the appropriate SSB is selected based on the terminal's location. Alternatively, if no SSB's signal quality exceeds the threshold value, the appropriate SSB is selected based on the terminal's location.

[0173] For example, based on the terminal's location information and the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, the terminal determines a group of SSBs whose distance from the terminal to the SSB center point or reference point is less than a threshold value pre-configured in the protocol, and then selects an SSB from the above group of SSBs for random access based on the signal quality parameters.

[0174] In this way, when a terminal has multiple synchronization signals to choose from, it can select the synchronization signal with better signal quality based on the signal quality of each synchronization signal and execute the random access procedure, thereby improving the success rate of the terminal's random access procedure and ensuring the network environment in which the terminal is located.

[0175] It should be noted that the above three implementation methods can be implemented individually or in combination, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any restrictions.

[0176] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the random access method provided in this application further includes the following steps 301 and 302.

[0177] Step 301: If the first synchronization signal satisfies the first condition, the terminal selects the third synchronization signal.

[0178] Step 302: The terminal performs random access on the random access resources associated with the third synchronization signal.

[0179] In some embodiments of this application, the third synchronization signal is selected based on the signal quality parameters of the synchronization signal or the layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0180] In some embodiments of this application, the first condition described above includes at least one of the following:

[0181] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal;

[0182] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the first preset threshold value;

[0183] The difference between the signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal and the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal is greater than the second preset threshold value.

[0184] For example, the second synchronization signal is a synchronization signal other than the first synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0185] In some embodiments of this application, if the SSB selected by the terminal, i.e. the synchronization signal beam mentioned above, satisfies the first condition, it indicates that there may be errors in the terminal positioning information, or the serving SSB beam is blocked, or there is a measurement error, or the serving SSB has stopped sending and the SSB layout has not been updated. In this case, the terminal switches to the nearest or suitable SSB for random access, or performs synchronization signal detection again and selects a suitable synchronization signal for random access.

[0186] In one example, after selecting the third synchronization signal to perform random access, the terminal reports the relevant information about the terminal's random access to the network-side device.

[0187] In this way, if the terminal detects that the quality of the currently selected synchronization signal is poor, it can switch to another synchronization signal with better quality in a timely manner to perform random access, thereby improving the success rate of random access.

[0188] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the random access method provided in this application embodiment further includes the following step 401.

[0189] Step 401: The terminal reports the second information.

[0190] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal reports the aforementioned second information to the network-side device.

[0191] In some embodiments of this application, the second information mentioned above includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure.

[0192] In some embodiments of this application, the second information mentioned above includes at least one of the following:

[0193] Beam information of the first synchronization signal;

[0194] Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal;

[0195] Beam information of the third synchronization signal;

[0196] Beam information of adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal;

[0197] Terminal location information;

[0198] First instruction information.

[0199] For example, the location information of the terminal mentioned above is the location information of the terminal based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) activity, which is used to help the NTN cell schedule the serving beam and / or serving BWP, and / or the reference signal or beam for downlink quality monitoring (RLM).

[0200] It is understandable that the beam information of the first synchronization signal mentioned above is essentially the beam information of the synchronization signal that the terminal expects to access.

[0201] For example, the beam information that the terminal expects to access includes at least one of the following: the number of the first synchronization signal, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

[0202] Optionally, the terminal uses the signal quality of the desired SSB as a reference value, and reports the signal quality of other SSBs according to the difference from the reference value.

[0203] It is understandable that the beam information of the aforementioned third synchronization signal is essentially the beam information of the synchronization signal that the terminal has successfully accessed.

[0204] For example, the beam information successfully accessed by the aforementioned terminal includes at least one of the following: the number of the third synchronization signal, and the signal quality parameters of the third synchronization signal.

[0205] For example, the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal accesses the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal, or accesses the NTN cell according to the desired synchronization signal or the first synchronization signal.

[0206] For example, the first indication information mentioned above may carry the reason for the access failure when it is used to indicate that the terminal failed to access the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

[0207] For example, the terminal can predefine several reasons for access anomalies, such as the signal quality of the SSB to be accessed being less than a predefined threshold, the SSB to be accessed not being detected, or the random access to the SSB signal to be accessed failing, etc.

[0208] For example, the first indication information can use a bitmap to represent the reason for the terminal access failure. When the bit of the corresponding event is "1", it indicates that the corresponding event has occurred. If the bitmap is all 0, it indicates that the NTN cell is accessed according to the SSB expected to be accessed.

[0209] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal may proactively report or report the aforementioned second information in advance.

[0210] For example, during the random access process or subsequent information exchange, such as UE capability reporting and UE status reporting, the system reports whether the SSB selected by the terminal is the NTN SSB corresponding to the terminal's location, or whether the coverage area of ​​the SSB selected by the terminal includes the terminal's location. This reporting information can be used to notify the NTN cell whether the SSB selected by the terminal matches the terminal's location; if they do not match, it may be that the NTN SSB beam layout is unreasonable, requiring subsequent updates and adjustments, or the NTN cell needs to perform beam measurement after the terminal accesses the network to obtain an accurate beam.

[0211] In one example, the terminal can proactively report using Msg3. For instance, Msg3 uses a single bit field to indicate whether the terminal is using the desired SSB for access, or an n-bit field to indicate the desired SSB number, where the length of the n-bit field is determined by the number of SSBs.

[0212] In one example, the terminal can proactively report using Msg1. For instance, within the "Contention Based Random Access (CBRA)" preamble set configured in Msg1, a further subset of preambles can be defined. This subset represents the terminal's failure to use the desired SSB for random access; conversely, if a sequence from this subset is not selected for random access, it indicates that the terminal used the desired SSB.

[0213] In another example, the terminal proactively reports using higher-layer signaling. After successful random access, the terminal reports the SSB selection during the random access procedure, for example, in capability reporting or other reporting messages.

[0214] In this way, by reporting the second information to the network-side device, the terminal informs the network-side device of the relevant information in the random access procedure executed by the terminal. This allows the network-side device to make adjustments based on the second information when making subsequent auxiliary adjustments to the random access procedure, thereby improving the success rate of random access.

[0215] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the terminal may switch or combine the synchronization signal selection method provided in the embodiments of this application with the ordinary SS-RSRP-based synchronization signal selection method, depending on the actual situation.

[0216] In one example, if the terminal obtains the NTN SSB layout information, i.e. the beam layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal, the terminal selects to use one of the SSB selection methods according to the protocol predefined rules or the terminal's internal implementation.

[0217] In one example, the two methods are combined, for instance, when there are multiple SSBs that meet the conditions in the normal SSB selection method, the SSB is selected according to the terminal location information.

[0218] In one example, if the terminal does not obtain SSB layout information, the normal SSB selection method is used.

[0219] In one example, if the network-side device indicates the SSB selection method, then the SSB selection method indicated by the network is used.

[0220] In one example, the terminal implementation determines the SSB selection method. For instance, a terminal with positioning capabilities uses SSB layout information to select an SSB, while a terminal without positioning capabilities uses the RSRP method to select an SSB.

[0221] In this way, the terminal can adaptively select a suitable synchronization signal selection method according to the actual situation, thereby improving the success rate of random access.

[0222] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, since the beam layout information of all the synchronization signals involved above is the beam layout information of the PRACH or downlink channel transmission beam, after the terminal determines the first synchronization signal according to the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, it also needs to determine the uplink reference signal receiving beam according to the receiving beam layout information of the PRACH or uplink channel received signal, hereinafter referred to as uplink signal coverage area information, for transmitting PRACH and subsequent uplink signals.

[0223] For example, the aforementioned uplink reference signal includes at least one of the following: PRACH, SRS.

[0224] For example, the beam layout information of the uplink reference signal mentioned above includes at least one of the following: the coverage area of ​​each SSB, the association between the SSB beam and the PRACH receiving beam, and the order in which the PRACH receiving beam appears.

[0225] For example, the SSB coverage area information mentioned above indicates that the uplink signal of the PRACH receiving beam comes from the area configured by the layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0226] For example, the beam layout information of the uplink reference signal, i.e. the coverage area of ​​the SSB, can be configured using the same format as the PRACH receiving beam; or, the set of PRACH receiving beam coverage areas corresponding to the coverage area of ​​the SSB can be configured.

[0227] For example, the order in which the PRACH receiving beams associated with the SSB coverage area appear can be determined by default according to the configuration order of the PRACH receiving beams, or according to the receiving beam number, from smallest to largest or from largest to smallest, or explicitly configured by the signaling configuration.

[0228] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal selects a PRACH RO or preamble resource based on the beam layout information of the uplink reference signal and the terminal's location information, and transmits a PRACH on the selected PRACH RO or preamble resource according to the second random access type.

[0229] For example, the method for a terminal to select a random access type can be based on the distance between the terminal and the NTN satellite, or based on the angle of the PRACH receiving beam. If the terminal selects a random access type associated with multiple PRACH receiving beams, then the terminal selects the RO or preamble resources associated with the multiple PRACH receiving beams for random access. It can be understood that the multiple PRACH receiving beams should include the PRACH receiving beam / coverage area corresponding to the terminal's location. When the terminal attempts random access multiple times, it selects different RO or preamble resources corresponding to different PRACH receiving beams. For example, the first 'a' random access attempts attempt to use the RO or preamble resources of the PRACH receiving beam corresponding to the terminal's location, and the subsequent 'b' random access attempts attempt to use the RO or preamble resources of the adjacent receiving beams of the PRACH receiving beam corresponding to the terminal's location.

[0230] It is understood that the above method of selecting resources is the same as the above method of selecting the first synchronization signal by the terminal, and the above process of selecting the second random access type is the same as the above process of selecting the first random access type by the terminal, so it will not be described again here.

[0231] In some embodiments of this application, there is a mapping relationship between the PRACH receiving beam and the PRACH RO or preamble resource.

[0232] For example, the terminal maps to the PRACH RO or preamble resources according to the order in which the PRACH receive beams associated with the SSB appear.

[0233] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal determines the number of PRACH RO or preamble resources based on the above mapping relationship.

[0234] For example, the terminal first determines the PRACH RO and preamble resource sets associated with the SSB, and then maps the PRACH receiving beam to the RO and preamble resource sets within one or more consecutive PRACH association periods, wherein the PRACH receiving beam participating in the resource mapping is the PRACH receiving beam associated with the SSB; or it uses the RO or preamble resources of the SSB within one or more consecutive PRACH association pattern periods for mapping; or it maps the RO or preamble resources of the SSB within a time period.

[0235] It can be understood that the aforementioned one or more consecutive PRACH association periods, one or more consecutive PRACH association pattern periods, and a time period are determined sequentially based on a time reference point as the starting time point. This time reference point is predefined by the protocol, for example, the starting boundary of radio frame #0.

[0236] For example, the PRACH receive beam is associated with the RO or preamble resource set in sequence, according to the protocol predefined or the system message explicit configuration, and mapped according to the preamble / RO / frequency domain / time domain granularity.

[0237] For example, within the aforementioned set of RO or preamble resources of the SSB, every n ROs sequentially are mapped to a PRACH receive beam; or, every m time-domain RO resources sequentially are mapped to a PRACH receive beam; or, every k preamble resources sequentially are mapped to a PRACH receive beam, etc. Furthermore, the protocol can define the mapping order of the PRACH receive beams to the RO or preamble resource set of the SSB, for example, mapping in ascending order of preamble, frequency domain, and time domain.

[0238] It is understandable that when an NTN base station uses the same beam to transmit SSB and receive PRACH signals, it divides the SSB coverage area into several sub-regions using configuration information. Each sub-region corresponds to a different RO or preamble resource set. The terminal selects an RO or preamble resource for random access based on its location information. Optionally, different sub-regions can undergo different time-frequency offset pre-compensation (the pre-compensation value is configured by the NTN base station's higher-layer signaling / system messages). The NTN base station detects the terminal's PRACH signal on the corresponding RO or preamble resource, thereby obtaining the terminal's location and providing prior information for communication and beam scheduling in connected mode.

[0239] Optionally, after selecting the RO or preamble resource set, the terminal reports to the network-side device whether to use the desired RO or preamble resource set to perform the random access procedure, and whether the access is successful; wherein, the desired RO or preamble resource set refers to the RO or preamble resource set of the PRACH receiving beam area corresponding to the terminal location.

[0240] In this way, during the PRACH transmission process, the terminal can combine at least one of the terminal's location information, beam layout information, and ephemeris information of the network-side equipment to select the most suitable RO or preamble resource set, and transmit the PRACH on the RO or preamble resource set, thereby improving the success rate of the terminal transmitting the PRACH.

[0241] The execution entity of the random access method provided in this embodiment can be a random access device, which can be a terminal, or a control module or processing module in the network-side device, etc. The following description uses a network-side device as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0242] This application provides a random access method. Figure 3 A flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to a terminal. Figure 3 As shown, the random access method provided in this application embodiment may include the following step 501.

[0243] Step 501: The network-side device sends the beam layout information of the synchronization signal to the terminal.

[0244] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the above-mentioned synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal.

[0245] In some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0246] In some embodiments of this application, the first synchronization signal is a synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0247] It is understood that at least one of the above synchronization signals can be synchronization signals from the same set of synchronization signals.

[0248] It should be noted that the above-mentioned synchronization signal and its beam layout information are the same as those described in step 201 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0249] In one possible embodiment, when the beam layout information of the above-mentioned synchronization signal includes beam layout information of multiple synchronization signals, a differential description method can be used.

[0250] For example, a TN cell or an NTN cell can notify the layout information of all SSB beams of the NTN cell, or notify the layout information of some SSB beams. When notifying the layout information of multiple SSBs, a differential description method can be used to reduce the overhead of SSB layout information.

[0251] For example, according to predefined rules in the protocol, the network-side device can select the layout information of one or more SSB beams as reference values ​​for differential indication. For instance, by selecting the layout information of one SSB beam as a reference, the complete layout information is configured (or, by default, SSB#0 is the reference SSB), and the layout information of other SSB beams is indicated in a differential form. As another example, by selecting the layout information of multiple SSB beams as references, the adjacent / nearby beams of each reference SSB beam are indicated differentially using the layout information of the reference SSB beam.

[0252] In some embodiments of this application, the network-side device is the network-side device corresponding to NTN or the network-side device corresponding to TN.

[0253] In some embodiments of this application, the network-side device may send the layout information of the aforementioned synchronization signal beam to the terminal in a broadcast or multicast manner.

[0254] For example, when the network-side device broadcasts the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, the NTN cell sends all SSB beam layout information to the terminal through system messages or higher-layer signaling, for example, by notifying the terminal in the SIB19 system message.

[0255] For example, when network-side equipment transmits synchronization signal beam layout information via multicast, considering the very large coverage area of ​​an NTN cell (potentially hundreds of kilometers in radius) and the fact that each SSB beam covers an area with a radius of tens of kilometers, the terminal only needs to know a portion of the SSB beam layout information to perform subsequent SSB selection operations. Therefore, network-side equipment only needs to indicate a portion of the SSB beam layout information, such as the layout information of a group of adjacent SSBs within the coverage area, thereby reducing the overhead of layout information indication.

[0256] It should be noted that if the coverage areas of two SSBs are hundreds of kilometers apart, the terminal will detect a significant difference in the signal energy of these two SSBs, and there will be no inaccurate SSB selection between them. However, if the coverage areas of two SSBs are adjacent or overlap, the signal energy of these two SSBs may be similar, and the SSB selection method based on SSB signal quality may be inaccurate in this case. Therefore, in both of these situations, the terminal only needs to obtain partial SSB layout information, and the network-side equipment can use the multicast method described above to send partial SSB layout information.

[0257] In the random access method provided in this application embodiment, the network-side device sends beam layout information of the synchronization signal to the terminal, informing the terminal of the required beam layout information of the synchronization signal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the acquired beam layout information, thereby accurately selecting a synchronization signal that matches the area where the terminal is located. This allows the terminal to successfully execute the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access.

[0258] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the random access method provided in this application further includes the following step A1.

[0259] Step A1: The network-side device receives the second information from the terminal.

[0260] In some embodiments of this application, the second information mentioned above includes information related to the execution of the random access procedure.

[0261] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0262] Beam information of the first synchronization signal;

[0263] Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal;

[0264] Beam information of the third synchronization signal;

[0265] Beam information of adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal;

[0266] Terminal location information;

[0267] The first indication information is used to indicate whether to access the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

[0268] It should be noted that the second piece of information mentioned above is the same as the description in step 401 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0269] In this way, by receiving the second information reported by the terminal, the network-side device can obtain relevant information in the random access procedure executed by the terminal. This allows the network-side device to make adjustments based on the second information when making subsequent auxiliary adjustments to the random access procedure, thereby improving the success rate of random access.

[0270] The following describes the random access method provided in this application embodiment in detail, taking the synchronization signal as SSB and the terminal's service network as NTN network, i.e., the terminal as an NTN terminal. Specifically, it includes the following steps B1 to B4.

[0271] Step B1: The terminal receives information from the TN network or the NTN network to obtain the SSB layout information of the NTN cell to be accessed.

[0272] In one scenario, the NTN terminal performs synchronization signal detection and obtains the layout information of the NTN cell's SSB from the NTN cell's system messages.

[0273] Another scenario involves an NTN terminal switching from a TN network to an NTN network. The TN network instructs the NTN terminal to access the SSB (Service Provider Bag) information of the NTN cell it needs to access. This could include the time-frequency offset of the NTN cell's SSB, the SSB number, or the SSB layout information. It's understood that the TN network can recommend SSB information for the terminal based on NTN network interactions or NTN cell measurements from base stations / historical terminals. For example, the recommended SSB's current coverage area might include the TN network's coverage area. Optionally, the TN network's recommended SSB information could also include information about SSBs in adjacent areas of the current coverage area, or information about candidate SSBs after the current coverage area's SSB has failed. The NTN terminal can use the TN network's auxiliary information for NTN cell search and random access within the TN network's effective timeframe. This effective timeframe can be predefined by the protocol or notified to the NTN terminal along with the auxiliary information. It's understood that the NTN terminal can also determine the validity of the auxiliary information based on its location; for example, if the NTN terminal's location is far from the area corresponding to the auxiliary information, the auxiliary information is invalid. Furthermore, TN networks can recommend random access types, such as 2-step or 4-step RACH.

[0274] In another scenario, the NTN terminal obtains the SSB layout information of neighboring cells from the higher-layer signaling of the NTN cell, which serves as auxiliary information for SSB selection when the terminal performs NTN cell handover.

[0275] Optionally, after the terminal detects the NTN SSB, it receives CORESET#0, system messages, and SSB layout information in the following formats.

[0276] For example, after successfully detecting a SSB, other SSBs in the NTN cell are detected based on the time-frequency synchronization parameters of the currently detected SSB and the frame boundaries determined by the PBCH. In some NTN network implementations, NTN satellites may perform Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation based on the coverage areas of different SSBs. The NTN terminal may assume that the Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation of a group of SSBs is the same, and therefore the coverage areas of this group of SSBs are adjacent. When detecting different SSBs, the NTN terminal uses the time-frequency synchronization of the currently detected SSB to detect the signal quality of other SSBs. If different SSBs use different Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation values, then the signal quality of different SSBs will have significant differences; the signal quality measured for a group of SSBs with the same Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation value and adjacent coverage areas may be similar. One possible implementation is to define that SSBs within a time period have the same Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation value, for example, one time slot or several consecutive time slots; that is, the N SSBs contained in the SSB burst are divided into multiple SSB subsets by multiple time periods, each SSB subset has the same Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation value, and it is assumed that the coverage areas of the SSB subsets are adjacent. Furthermore, when the NTN terminal obtains initial synchronization and measures other SSBs, it resynchronizes the frequency at each time point to ensure compatibility with the Doppler frequency offset pre-compensation value.

[0277] After an NTN terminal detects that an SSB has completed downlink synchronization, it detects / receives the DCI and scheduled system messages based on the CORESET#0 corresponding to the SSB. In one NTN implementation, if the signal quality of adjacent SSBs is similar, the NTN terminal determines the CORESET#0 corresponding to multiple SSBs with similar signal quality, detects the DCI of multiple CORESET#0s respectively, for example, independently or in combination, and receives the scheduled system messages.

[0278] After an NTN terminal detects an SSB and completes downlink time-frequency synchronization, it receives the SSB's layout information. An NTN cell can broadcast the layout information of all SSBs in the NTN cell, or the layout information of the current SSB, or the SSB associated with CORESET#0, as well as the layout information of its neighboring SSBs and the current SSB.

[0279] It is understandable that each CORESET#0 is associated with an SSB. When CORESET#0 schedules PDSCH to carry the first information, i.e., SSB layout information, the first information includes the layout information of the SSB associated with CORESET#0, or the layout information of the SSB associated with CORESET#0 and its adjacent SSBs.

[0280] like Figure 4 As shown, the specific process of the terminal receiving SSB layout information in multicast mode is as follows: The terminal detects SSB#i, obtains downlink synchronization, and determines the time-frequency position of CORESET#0; then, it receives CORESET#0 corresponding to SSB#i at that time-frequency position and obtains the scheduling information of system messages; then, it receives the SSB layout information scheduled by CORESET#0 corresponding to SSB#i, which includes at least the layout information of SSB#i.

[0281] It should be noted that the SSB layout information received by the terminal via multicast may not be system messages, but rather other forms of multicast information. Furthermore, each multicast message contains only the layout information of some SSBs in the network-side devices, not the layout information of all SSBs. Different multicast messages correspond to different coverage areas, but are all scheduled by CORESET#0. This reduces the overhead for the terminal in receiving layout information.

[0282] Step B2: The NTN terminal selects an SSB based on the SSB layout information.

[0283] For example, the NTN terminal obtains a recommended SSB from the TN network. The NTN terminal can prioritize detecting the SSB and perform random access. In a further design, the NTN terminal receives the signal quality of the detected recommended SSB. If the SSB signal quality is higher than a predefined threshold, or if the recommended SSB signal quality is higher than other SSB signal qualities and / or higher than the predefined threshold, the recommended SSB is used for random access; otherwise, a new SSB is selected.

[0284] For example, the NTN terminal selects the SSB based on the SSB layout and terminal location information.

[0285] For example, the terminal calculates the reference point coordinates or center point coordinates of the coverage area of ​​multiple SSBs, calculates the distance between each reference point coordinate and the terminal's location, and selects the SSB that is closest to it; or, if the reference point coordinates of multiple SSBs are close to each other, it randomly selects one SSB, or selects the SSB that is closest to the satellite, or selects the SSB with the highest RSRP, or selects multiple SSBs for random access.

[0286] For example, the NTN terminal determines the random access type based on the SSB layout and ephemeris.

[0287] For example, if the distance between the NTN terminal and the satellite is greater than a predefined threshold, random access with repeated PRACH transmissions is selected, or multiple SSBs are selected for random access; otherwise, 4-step or 2-step random access is performed.

[0288] Step B3: The NTN terminal performs random access.

[0289] Step B4: Report relevant information.

[0290] After accessing an NTN cell, the NTN terminal reports the signal quality of the current SSB and neighboring SSBs, and reports the SSB number that is similar to the current SSB in signal quality, such as if the difference is less than a predefined threshold value.

[0291] Thus, the main idea of ​​this embodiment is to accurately select a synchronization signal for random access based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, thereby solving the problem that the synchronization signals of NTN have small differences and cannot be accurately selected. This allows the terminal to select a synchronization signal with smaller signal quality fluctuations and avoids additional beam scheduling in the connected state.

[0292] The random access method provided in this application can be executed by a random access device. This application uses an example of a random access device executing the random access method to illustrate the random access device provided in this application.

[0293] This application provides a random access device. As an example, the random access device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0294] The random access device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0295] For details, see Figure 5 When the random access device is a terminal or a component in a terminal, the random access device 600 includes an acquisition module 601, a selection module 602, and an execution module 603.

[0296] The acquisition module 601 is used to acquire beam layout information of the synchronization signal, which includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; the selection module 602 is used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal acquired by the acquisition module 601; and the execution module 603 is used to execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal selected by the selection module 602.

[0297] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the acquisition module 601 is specifically used to receive beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device; wherein, the network-side device is a network-side device corresponding to a non-terrestrial network NTN, or a network-side device corresponding to a terrestrial network TN.

[0298] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

[0299] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

[0300] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the selection module 602 is specifically used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

[0301] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the selection module 602 is specifically used to select a first synchronization signal based on the distance between the location of the terminal and at least one reference point, wherein the at least one reference point is a reference point in the beam coverage area of ​​at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0302] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the selection module 602 is specifically used to determine the synchronization signal with the longest service time in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal as the first synchronization signal, where the service time is the time that the synchronization signal provides services to the terminal.

[0303] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the execution module 603 is specifically used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal according to the first random access type;

[0304] The first random access type includes any of the following:

[0305] Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) repeated transmission type;

[0306] Multiple synchronization signals randomly accessed;

[0307] Single synchronization signal random access type

[0308] Four-step random access type;

[0309] Two-step random access type.

[0310] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the selection module 602 is further configured to select a first random access type based on first information, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the movement trajectory information of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

[0311] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first information mentioned above includes the terminal's location information and movement trajectory information;

[0312] The above selection module 602 shall specifically execute any of the following:

[0313] The first random access type is selected based on the distance between the location of the terminal and the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network.

[0314] Based on the perspective of the transmission path from the location of the terminal to the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, the first random access type is selected;

[0315] The first random access type is selected based on the angle of the transmission path and the angle of the main lobe of the first synchronization signal.

[0316] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first information mentioned above includes movement trajectory information;

[0317] The above selection module 602 shall specifically execute any of the following:

[0318] If the network-side device corresponding to the NTN has not yet reached the target location, then select one synchronization signal from at least one synchronization signal and determine the random access type of the single synchronization signal as the first random access type; or,

[0319] If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has reached the target location, then select multiple synchronization signals from at least one synchronization signal, and determine the random access type of the multiple synchronization signals as the first random access type;

[0320] The target location is the position with the shortest vertical distance from the terminal's location on the operating track of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN.

[0321] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 5 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned device 600 also includes: a switching module 604;

[0322] The switching module 604 is used to select a third synchronization signal when the first synchronization signal selected by the selection module 602 meets the first condition. The third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal selected according to the signal quality parameters or layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0323] The aforementioned execution module 603 is also used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the third synchronization signal.

[0324] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0325] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal;

[0326] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the first preset threshold value;

[0327] The difference between the signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal and the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal is less than the second preset threshold value.

[0328] The second synchronization signal is a synchronization signal other than the first synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0329] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 5 ,like Figure 7 As shown, the above-mentioned device 600 further includes: a transmitting module 605;

[0330] The aforementioned sending module 605 is used to report second information, which includes relevant information about the terminal executing the random access procedure;

[0331] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0332] Beam information of the first synchronization signal;

[0333] Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal;

[0334] Beam information of the third synchronization signal;

[0335] Beam information of adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal;

[0336] Terminal location information;

[0337] The first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal has accessed the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

[0338] In the random access device provided in this application embodiment, the random access device acquires the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, which includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; then, based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, it selects a suitable first synchronization signal; at this time, the random access device can execute the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. Thus, the random access device can acquire the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the acquired beam layout information, thereby accurately selecting a synchronization signal matching the area where the random access device is located, and successfully executing the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with that synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access; when measuring the signal quality of different SSBs to determine the signal quality of the NTN cell or the downlink path loss signal quality, the random access device can measure the SSB corresponding to the location of the random access device or the SSB of the adjacent area based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, without needing to measure SSBs that are far away, thereby reducing the time and workload of the random access device in listening to SSBs.

[0339] See Figure 8 When the random access device is a network-side device or a component of a network-side device, the random access device 700 includes a sending module 701.

[0340] The aforementioned sending module 701 is used to send beam layout information of a synchronization signal to the terminal. The beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. The beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. The first synchronization signal is a synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0341] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

[0342] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

[0343] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 ,like Figure 9 As shown, the above-mentioned device 700 further includes: a receiving module 702;

[0344] The receiving module 702 described above is used to receive second information from the terminal, the second information including relevant information for executing the random access procedure;

[0345] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0346] Beam information of the first synchronization signal;

[0347] Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal;

[0348] Beam information of the third synchronization signal;

[0349] Beam information of adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal;

[0350] Terminal location information;

[0351] The first indication information is used to indicate whether to access the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

[0352] In the random access device provided in this application embodiment, the random access device informs the terminal of the beam layout information of the required synchronization signal by sending the beam layout information of the synchronization signal to the terminal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the obtained beam layout information, thereby accurately selecting a synchronization signal that matches the area where the terminal is located. This allows the terminal to successfully execute the random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access.

[0353] The random access device provided in this application embodiment can implement all the processes implemented in the random access method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0354] like Figure 10 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a communication device 800, including a processor 801 and a memory 802. The memory 802 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 801. For example, when the communication device 800 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 801 implement the various steps of the above-described random access method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 800 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 801 implement the various steps of the above-described random access method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0355] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the random access method embodiment. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiment; all implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. The terminal can be... Figure 11 The random access device shown. Specifically, Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0356] The terminal 100 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 101, network module 102, audio output unit 103, input unit 104, sensor 105, display unit 106, user input unit 107, interface unit 108, memory 109, and processor 110.

[0357] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 100 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 110 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 11The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0358] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 104 may include a graphics processor 1041 and a microphone 1042. The graphics processor 1041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 106 may include a display panel 1061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 107 includes at least one of a touch panel 1071 and other input devices 1072. The touch panel 1071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 1071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 1072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0359] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 101 can transmit it to the processor 110 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 101 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 101 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0360] The memory 109 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 109 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 109 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 109 in the embodiments of this application includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0361] Processor 110 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 110 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 110.

[0362] The radio frequency unit 101 is used to acquire beam layout information of the synchronization signal, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal including the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; the processor 110 is used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal; the processor 110 is used to execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

[0363] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the radio frequency unit 101 is specifically used to receive beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device; wherein, the network-side device is a network-side device corresponding to a non-terrestrial network NTN, or a network-side device corresponding to a terrestrial network TN.

[0364] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

[0365] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

[0366] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is specifically used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

[0367] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is specifically used to select a first synchronization signal based on the distance between the location of the terminal and at least one reference point, wherein the at least one reference point is a reference point in the beam coverage area of ​​at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0368] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is specifically used to determine the synchronization signal with the longest service time in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal as the first synchronization signal, where the service time is the time that the synchronization signal provides services to the terminal.

[0369] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is specifically configured to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal according to the first random access type;

[0370] The first random access type includes any of the following:

[0371] Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) repeated transmission type;

[0372] Multiple synchronization signals randomly accessed;

[0373] Single synchronization signal random access type

[0374] Four-step random access type;

[0375] Two-step random access type.

[0376] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is further configured to select a first random access type based on first information, the first information including at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the movement trajectory information of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

[0377] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first information mentioned above includes the terminal's location information and movement trajectory information;

[0378] The processor 110 described above specifically executes any of the following:

[0379] The first random access type is selected based on the distance between the location of the terminal and the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network.

[0380] Based on the perspective of the transmission path from the location of the terminal to the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, the first random access type is selected;

[0381] The first random access type is selected based on the angle of the transmission path and the angle of the main lobe of the first synchronization signal.

[0382] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first information mentioned above includes movement trajectory information;

[0383] The processor 110 described above specifically executes any of the following:

[0384] If the network-side device corresponding to the NTN has not yet reached the target location, then select one synchronization signal from at least one synchronization signal and determine the random access type of the single synchronization signal as the first random access type; or,

[0385] If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has reached the target location, then select multiple synchronization signals from at least one synchronization signal, and determine the random access type of the multiple synchronization signals as the first random access type;

[0386] The target location is the position with the shortest vertical distance from the terminal's location on the operating track of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN.

[0387] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the processor 110 is configured to select a third synchronization signal when the first synchronization signal satisfies the first condition, wherein the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal selected based on the signal quality parameters or layout information of the synchronization signal.

[0388] The processor 110 described above is also used to perform random access on random access resources associated with the third synchronization signal.

[0389] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0390] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal;

[0391] The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the first preset threshold value;

[0392] The difference between the signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal and the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal is less than the second preset threshold value.

[0393] The second synchronization signal is a synchronization signal other than the first synchronization signal among at least one synchronization signal.

[0394] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the radio frequency unit 101 is further configured to report second information, which includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure;

[0395] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0396] Beam information of the first synchronization signal;

[0397] Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal;

[0398] Beam information of the third synchronization signal;

[0399] Beam information of adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal;

[0400] Terminal location information;

[0401] The first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal has accessed the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

[0402] In the terminal provided in this application embodiment, the terminal obtains the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, which includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal; then, based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, it selects a suitable first synchronization signal; at this time, the terminal can execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal. Thus, the terminal can obtain the beam layout information of all synchronization signals from the obtained beam layout information of the synchronization signal, thereby accurately selecting a synchronization signal matching the area where the terminal is located, and successfully executing a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with that synchronization signal, further improving the success rate of random access; when measuring the signal quality of different SSBs to determine the signal quality of the NTN cell or the downlink path loss signal quality, the terminal can measure the SSB corresponding to the terminal location or the SSB of adjacent areas based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, without needing to measure SSBs that are far away, thereby reducing the terminal's SSB listening time and workload.

[0403] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the random access method in the method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0404] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the random access method embodiment. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described network-side device method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0405] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which can be... Figure 12 The random access device shown. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the network-side device 900 includes: an antenna 91, a radio frequency (RF) device 92, a baseband device 93, a processor 94, and a memory 95. The antenna 91 is connected to the RF device 92. In the uplink direction, the RF device 92 receives information through the antenna 91 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 93 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 93 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 92. The RF device 92 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 91.

[0406] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 93, which includes a baseband processor.

[0407] Baseband device 93 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as Figure 12 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 95 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 95 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0408] The network-side device may also include a network interface 96, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0409] Specifically, the network-side device 900 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 95 and executable on processor 94. Processor 94 calls the instructions or programs in memory 95 to execute the methods executed by each module of the random access device and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0410] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described random access method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0411] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0412] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described random access method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0413] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0414] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described random access method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0415] This application also provides a random access system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the random access method described above, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the random access method described above.

[0416] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0417] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0418] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A random access method, characterized in that, include: The terminal acquires beam layout information of the synchronization signal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal; The terminal executes a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal acquires beam layout information of the synchronization signal, including: The terminal receives beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device; The network-side device is either a network-side device corresponding to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or a network-side device corresponding to a terrestrial network (TN).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, including: The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal, including: The terminal selects the first synchronization signal based on the distance between its location and at least one reference point, wherein the at least one reference point is a reference point in the beam coverage area of ​​at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The terminal selects a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal, including: The terminal determines the synchronization signal with the longest service time in the beam layout information of the synchronization signals as the first synchronization signal, where the service time is the time that the synchronization signal provides service to the terminal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The terminal performs random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal, including: The terminal performs random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal according to the first random access type; The first random access type includes any one of the following: Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) repeated transmission type; Multiple synchronization signals randomly accessed; Single synchronization signal random access type Four-step random access type; Two-step random access type.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the first information, which includes at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the movement trajectory information of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first information includes the location information of the terminal and the movement trajectory information; The terminal selects the first random access type based on the first information, including any one of the following: The terminal selects the first random access type based on the distance between its location and the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network. The terminal selects the first random access type based on the angle of the transmission path from the location of the terminal to the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network. The terminal selects the first random access type based on the angle of the transmission path and the main lobe angle of the first synchronization signal.

11. The method according to any one of claims 9, characterized in that, The first information includes the movement trajectory information; The terminal selects the first random access type based on the first information, including: If the network-side device corresponding to the NTN has not yet reached the target location, the terminal selects one synchronization signal from the at least one synchronization signal and determines the random access type of the single synchronization signal as the first random access type; or, If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has reached the target location, the terminal selects multiple synchronization signals from the at least one synchronization signal and determines the random access type of the multiple synchronization signals as the first random access type; The target location is the position with the shortest vertical distance from the terminal's location on the operating track of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the first synchronization signal meets the first condition, the terminal selects the third synchronization signal, which is a synchronization signal selected based on the signal quality parameters or layout information of the synchronization signal. The terminal performs random access on the random access resources associated with the third synchronization signal; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal; The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the first preset threshold value; The difference between the signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal and the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal is greater than the second preset threshold value; Wherein, the second synchronization signal is a synchronization signal other than the first synchronization signal among the at least one synchronization signal.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal reports second information, which includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure; The second information includes at least one of the following: The beam information of the first synchronization signal; Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal; The beam information of the third synchronization signal; The beam information of the adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal; The location information of the terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal has accessed the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

14. A random access method, characterized in that, include: The network-side device sends beam layout information of a synchronization signal to the terminal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. The beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal, wherein the first synchronization signal is a synchronization signal among the at least one synchronization signal.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The method further includes: The network-side device receives second information from the terminal, the second information including relevant information for performing a random access procedure; The terminal reports second information, which includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure; The second information includes at least one of the following: The beam information of the first synchronization signal; Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal; The beam information of the third synchronization signal; The beam information of the adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal; The location information of the terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate whether to access the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

18. A random access device, characterized in that, include: Get the module, select the module, and execute the module; The acquisition module is used to acquire beam layout information of the synchronization signal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes the beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. The selection module is used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal obtained by the acquisition module. The execution module is used to execute a random access procedure on the random access resource associated with the first synchronization signal selected by the selection module.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that, The acquisition module is specifically used to receive beam layout information of the synchronization signal from the network-side device; The network-side device is either a network-side device corresponding to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or a network-side device corresponding to a terrestrial network (TN).

20. The apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that, The parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

22. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that, The selection module is specifically used to select a first synchronization signal based on the beam layout information of the synchronization signal and the location information of the terminal.

23. The apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that, The selection module is specifically used to select the first synchronization signal based on the distance between the location of the terminal and at least one reference point, wherein the at least one reference point is a reference point in the beam coverage area of ​​at least one synchronization signal in the beam layout information of the synchronization signal.

24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that, The selection module is specifically used to determine the synchronization signal with the longest service time in the beam layout information of the synchronization signals as the first synchronization signal, where the service time is the time that the synchronization signal provides services to the terminal.

25. The apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that, The execution module is specifically used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal according to the first random access type; The first random access type includes any one of the following: Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) repeated transmission type; Multiple synchronization signals randomly accessed; Single synchronization signal random access type Four-step random access type; Two-step random access type.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that, The selection module is further configured to select the first random access type based on the first information, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: the location information of the terminal, the movement trajectory information of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network, and the signal quality parameters of the first synchronization signal.

27. The apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that, The first information includes the location information of the terminal and the movement trajectory information; The selection module specifically performs any of the following: The first random access type is selected based on the distance between the location of the terminal and the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network. The first random access type is selected based on the angle of the transmission path from the location of the terminal to the location of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN network. The first random access type is selected based on the angle of the transmission path and the main lobe angle of the first synchronization signal.

28. The apparatus according to any one of claims 26, characterized in that, The first information includes the movement trajectory information; The selection module specifically performs any of the following: If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has not yet reached the target location, then select one synchronization signal from the at least one synchronization signal and determine the random access type of the single synchronization signal as the first random access type; or, If the network-side device corresponding to NTN has reached the target location, then select multiple synchronization signals from the at least one synchronization signal, and determine the random access type of the multiple synchronization signals as the first random access type; The target location is the position with the shortest vertical distance from the terminal's location on the operating track of the network-side device corresponding to the NTN.

29. The apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 28, characterized in that, The device further includes: a switching module; The switching module is used to select a third synchronization signal when the first synchronization signal selected by the selection module meets the first condition. The third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal selected based on the signal quality parameters or layout information of the synchronization signal. The execution module is also configured to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the third synchronization signal; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal; The signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal is less than the first preset threshold value; The difference between the signal quality parameter value of the first synchronization signal and the signal quality parameter value of the second synchronization signal is greater than the second preset threshold value; Wherein, the second synchronization signal is a synchronization signal other than the first synchronization signal among the at least one synchronization signal.

30. The apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that, The device further includes: a transmitting module; The sending module is used to report second information, which includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure; The second information includes at least one of the following: The beam information of the first synchronization signal; Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal; The beam information of the third synchronization signal; The beam information of the adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal; The location information of the terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal has accessed the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

31. A random access device, characterized in that, include: Sending module; The transmitting module is used to transmit beam layout information of a synchronization signal to the terminal, wherein the beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes beam layout information of at least one synchronization signal. The beam layout information of the synchronization signal is used to perform random access on the random access resources associated with the first synchronization signal, wherein the first synchronization signal is a synchronization signal among the at least one synchronization signal.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that, The beam layout information of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the topological relationship between the beams of the synchronization signal, the parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, and the frequency offset pre-compensation parameters of the synchronization signal.

33. The apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that, The parameters of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal include at least one of the following: the center position coordinates of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the area radius of the beam coverage area of ​​the synchronization signal, the beam angle of the synchronization signal beam, and the beam angle spread of the synchronization signal beam.

34. The apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that, The device further includes: a receiving module; The receiving module is configured to receive second information from the terminal, the second information including relevant information for executing a random access procedure; The terminal reports second information, which includes information related to the terminal performing a random access procedure; The first information includes at least one of the following: The beam information of the first synchronization signal; Beam information of adjacent beams of the first synchronization signal; The beam information of the third synchronization signal; The beam information of the adjacent beams of the third synchronization signal; The location information of the terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate whether to access the cell corresponding to the first synchronization signal.

35. A terminal, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the random access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

36. A network-side device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the random access method as described in any one of claims 14 to 17.

37. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the random access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, or implement the steps of the random access method as described in any one of claims 14 to 17.

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