A method for rapid vegetation restoration in afforestation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of forestry ecological restoration technology, specifically disclosing a method for rapid vegetation restoration through afforestation. The method includes site diagnosis and zoning: surveying the soil salinity, pH value, organic matter content, water content, and topographic features of the target area to classify it into severely, moderately, and mildly degraded areas; customized substrate improvement: configuring a polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite and improving the soil using full coverage, strip laying, or hole application methods according to different degraded areas; targeted seedling planting: selecting resilient native tree species to cultivate container seedlings, and determining the planting density and timing according to the type of degraded area; closed-loop intelligent management: establishing a precision irrigation system, regularly spraying microbial fertilizers, and implementing closed management and dynamic monitoring. This invention is applicable to various difficult site types such as saline-alkali land, desertified land, and degraded forest land, and features simple operation, controllable cost, and significant ecological benefits, making it suitable for large-scale application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forestry ecological restoration and afforestation in difficult sites. Specifically, it relates to a rapid vegetation restoration afforestation method that integrates soil improvement, seedling adaptation and precise management. It is applicable to ecological restoration projects in various difficult sites such as salinization, desertification and soil infertility. Background Technology

[0002] Difficult sites refer to areas where vegetation cannot recover naturally due to harsh natural conditions or human interference, mainly including saline-alkali land, shifting sand dunes, and degraded forest land. These areas generally suffer from poor soil physical and chemical properties, severe water and nutrient deficiencies, and fragile ecological environments, making them challenging for vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction.

[0003] While some existing technologies have explored methods for soil improvement, such as using polyurethane composite matrices to improve soil structure and adjusting matrix ratios to improve soil conditions, significant shortcomings remain. First, the improvement methods are relatively simplistic and fail to differentiate treatment based on the degree of site degradation. Second, the selection of seedlings is not well-matched to site conditions, resulting in poor adaptability and low survival rates after planting. Third, post-planting management is often rudimentary, lacking precise control over water and fertilizer conditions, leading to slow vegetation growth and a long community formation cycle, typically requiring more than three years to achieve initial stability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an afforestation method that can systematically solve the above problems and achieve rapid, efficient and stable restoration of vegetation in difficult sites. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Purpose of the invention This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a method for rapid vegetation restoration in afforestation. This method integrates key technologies such as precise site diagnosis, customized substrate improvement, targeted seedling planting, and intelligent closed-loop management to achieve rapid vegetation coverage and stable community establishment in challenging sites, significantly shortening the restoration cycle and improving afforestation survival rate and ecological benefits.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for rapid vegetation restoration through afforestation, comprising the following steps: (1) Site diagnosis and zoning: Survey the soil salinity, pH value, organic matter content, water content and topographic features of the target area, and divide it into severely degraded areas, moderately degraded areas and slightly degraded areas; (2) Customized substrate improvement: Polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite is configured, and soil improvement is carried out by full coverage, strip laying or hole application according to different degraded areas; (3) Targeted seedling planting: Select stress-resistant native tree species to cultivate container seedlings, and determine the planting density and time according to the type of degraded area; (4) Closed-loop intelligent management: Build a precision irrigation system, regularly spray microbial fertilizer, and implement closed management and dynamic monitoring.

[0007] Preferably, the severely degraded area in step (1) refers to the soil salinity ≥0.6% or organic matter content ≤0.5%, the moderately degraded area refers to the soil salinity 0.3%-0.6% or organic matter content 0.5%-1.0%, and the slightly degraded area refers to the soil salinity ≤0.3% or organic matter content ≥1.0%.

[0008] Preferably, the polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite in step (2) is made by mixing polyurethane carrier, locally matured organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and mycorrhizal fungi in a weight ratio of 5:3:1:1; wherein the polyurethane carrier is a hydrophilic modified polyurethane foam with an open cell ratio of ≥85%, the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate, and the mycorrhizal fungi are indigenous fungi isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of local healthy forest land.

[0009] Preferably, the full-coverage method described in step (2) is suitable for severely degraded areas, with a laying thickness of 8-12cm; the strip laying method is suitable for moderately degraded areas, with a width of 50-80cm and a laying thickness of 5-8cm, and the strip direction is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction or laid along contour lines; the hole application method is suitable for lightly degraded areas, with 2-3kg of substrate applied to each planting hole, and the planting hole specifications being a diameter of 30-40cm and a depth of 30-40cm.

[0010] Preferably, the stress-resistant native tree species mentioned in step (3) include: at least one of reed, Suaeda salsa, and Tamarix chinensis for saline-alkali land; at least one of Hippophae rhamnoides, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Populus tomentosa for desertified land; at least one of Pinus tabuliformis, Platycladus orientalis, and Prunus armeniaca for degraded forest land; the container seedlings are robust 1-2 year old seedlings cultivated in lightweight non-woven fabric or biodegradable plastic containers, with a seedling height of 15-30cm and well-developed root system; the planting time is from March to May in spring or from September to November in autumn.

[0011] Preferably, the planting density in step (3) is: 2-3 plants / m² in severely degraded areas, 1-2 plants / m² in moderately degraded areas, and 1 plant / m² in slightly degraded areas.

[0012] Preferably, the precision irrigation system in step (4) is a drip irrigation or root zone irrigation system, maintaining the soil moisture content at 15%-25%; the regular application of microbial fertilizer is to be applied once a month within 1-3 months after planting, with a dosage of 5-8 kg / mu; the dynamic monitoring is implemented by combining drone aerial photography with ground quadrat survey.

[0013] Preferably, the terrain features mentioned in step (1) include slope, aspect and micro-topographic undulation, and the survey is carried out using a gridded sampling method combined with spatial analysis of geographic information system.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the locally matured organic fertilizer is as follows: collect local crop straw or livestock manure, add 2-3% by weight of compound microbial agent, and compost and ferment for 45-60 days under aerobic conditions with a moisture content of 50-60% until it is fully decomposed and harmless.

[0015] Preferably, the dynamic monitoring in step (4) is carried out by multispectral drones every 2-3 months, and the fixed sample plots set up on the ground are investigated once a quarter. The monitoring indicators include vegetation cover, plant height, ground diameter, survival rate, soil salinity, organic matter content and water content. The enclosure management is implemented by setting up protective fences and warning signs and supplementing with regular patrols. The enclosure period is 1-2 years.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, this invention is applicable to various challenging site types such as saline-alkali land, desertified land, and degraded forest land. It features simple operation, controllable costs, and significant ecological benefits, and can be scaled up and applied on a large scale. It has the following significant advantages: 1. Vegetation recovery speed is significantly accelerated. By rapidly improving the root zone microenvironment through substrate and selecting highly adaptable seedlings, vegetation can achieve initial coverage within 3 to 6 months after planting and form a relatively stable plant community within 1 year. The overall recovery cycle is shortened by more than 50% compared with traditional methods.

[0017] 2. Significantly improved afforestation survival rate. Customized soil improvement programs create a good foundation for seedling root growth, and the targeted selection of seedlings has strong stress resistance. Combined with meticulous water and fertilizer management, the overall afforestation survival rate remains stable at over 90%, which is 20% to 30% higher than conventional techniques.

[0018] 3. Strong technical adaptability and operability. The graded treatment scheme provided by this invention can effectively address various challenging site types such as saline-alkali land, desertified land, and barren degraded forest land. The entire process flow is clear, requiring no reliance on large and complex equipment, and material costs are reduced by approximately 15% to 20% compared to traditional integrated management technologies, making it easy to scale up and apply in practical engineering projects.

[0019] 4. Outstanding long-term ecological benefits. This method emphasizes the use of native plants and localized improvement materials, which is conducive to promoting the natural succession process of the ecosystem in the restoration area, enhancing the species diversity of plant communities and the stability of the ecosystem, thereby continuously exerting multiple ecological functions such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, and carbon sequestration. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] This invention provides a method for rapid vegetation restoration through afforestation, comprising the following steps: (1) Site Diagnosis and Zoning: The soil salinity, pH value, organic matter content, water content, and topographic features of the target area were surveyed to classify the area into severely degraded, moderately degraded, and slightly degraded zones. Specifically, a detailed on-site survey was conducted in the target area to systematically detect and record key soil indicators, including soil salinity, pH, organic matter content, natural water content, and topographic features. Based on the test results, the site was divided into three degradation levels: severely degraded, moderately degraded, and slightly degraded zones. The specific classification criteria were as follows: areas with soil salinity ≥ 0.6% or organic matter content ≤ 0.5% were classified as severely degraded zones; areas with soil salinity between 0.3% and 0.6% or organic matter content between 0.5% and 1.0% were classified as moderately degraded zones; and areas with soil salinity ≤ 0.3% or organic matter content ≥ 1.0% were classified as slightly degraded zones.

[0022] (2) Customized substrate improvement: A polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite is prepared and applied to improve the soil in different degraded areas using full coverage, strip laying, or hole application methods. Specifically, a special polyurethane plant growth substrate composite is prepared based on the site's geochemical properties and zoning results. This composite consists of four materials: a polyurethane carrier, locally matured organic fertilizer, a high-efficiency water-retaining agent, and a beneficial mycorrhizal fungi agent, with each component in a weight ratio of 5:3:1:1. After uniformly mixing the components, differentiated application methods are used for areas with different degraded levels. For severely degraded areas, the substrate is laid in full coverage with a thickness of 8 to 12 cm. For moderately degraded areas, a strip laying method is used, with each strip being 50 to 80 cm wide and 5 to 8 cm thick. For slightly degraded areas, a partial application method is used in planting holes, with 2 to 3 kg of the prepared composite substrate applied to each standard planting hole.

[0023] (3) Targeted seedling planting: Select resilient native tree species to cultivate container seedlings, and determine the planting density and time according to the type of degraded area; specifically, select resilient native tree species or grass species for seedling cultivation according to the site type. For example, for saline-alkali sites, prioritize salt-tolerant plant varieties such as Reed and Suaeda salsa; for sandy sites, prioritize varieties with sand-fixing and drought-resistant characteristics such as Hippophae rhamnoides and Robinia pseudoacacia. All seedlings are cultivated using container seedling technology, and transplanted when the seedlings grow to a height of 15 to 30 cm. The planting density is determined according to the degree of degraded area: 2 to 3 seedlings per square meter for severely degraded areas, 1 to 2 seedlings per square meter for moderately degraded areas, and 1 seedling per square meter for slightly degraded areas. The best time for planting is in the spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November) when the climate is suitable.

[0024] (4) Closed-loop intelligent management: Establish a precision irrigation system, regularly spray microbial fertilizer, and implement closed management and dynamic monitoring. Specifically, immediately after planting, establish a precision irrigation system, using drip irrigation or root zone irrigation techniques, and adjust the irrigation amount in real time based on soil moisture sensor feedback data to maintain the soil moisture content in the root zone within a suitable range of 15% to 25%. Within 1 to 3 months after planting, spray microbial fertilizer on the leaves or irrigate the roots once a month, with a dosage of 5 to 8 kg per acre each time. Implement phased closed management of the entire restoration area, setting up physical fences and warning signs to prevent damage by humans and animals. At the same time, combine regular aerial photography by drones and ground fixed plot surveys to dynamically monitor changes in vegetation cover, height, survival rate, and soil indicators, promptly identify and replant damaged seedlings, and ensure the uniform and stable development of the community.

[0025] The severely degraded areas mentioned in step (1) refer to soil salinity ≥ 0.6% or organic matter content ≤ 0.5%, the moderately degraded areas refer to soil salinity 0.3%-0.6% or organic matter content 0.5%-1.0%, and the slightly degraded areas refer to soil salinity ≤ 0.3% or organic matter content ≥ 1.0%.

[0026] The polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite in step (2) is made by mixing polyurethane carrier, locally matured organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and mycorrhizal fungi in a weight ratio of 5:3:1:1; wherein the polyurethane carrier is a hydrophilic modified polyurethane foam with an open cell rate of ≥85%, the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate, and the mycorrhizal fungi are indigenous fungi isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of local healthy forest land.

[0027] The full-coverage method described in step (2) is suitable for severely degraded areas, with a laying thickness of 8-12cm; the strip laying method is suitable for moderately degraded areas, with a width of 50-80cm and a laying thickness of 5-8cm, and the strip direction is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction or laid along contour lines; the hole application method is suitable for lightly degraded areas, with 2-3kg of substrate applied to each planting hole, and the planting hole specifications being 30-40cm in diameter and 30-40cm in depth.

[0028] The stress-resistant native tree species mentioned in step (3) include: at least one of reed, Suaeda salsa, and Tamarix chinensis for saline-alkali land; at least one of Hippophae rhamnoides, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Populus tomentosa for desertified land; at least one of Pinus tabuliformis, Platycladus orientalis, and Prunus armeniaca for degraded forest land; the container seedlings are 1-2 year old robust seedlings cultivated in lightweight non-woven fabric or biodegradable plastic containers, with a seedling height of 15-30cm and well-developed root system; the planting time is from March to May in spring or from September to November in autumn.

[0029] The planting density in step (3) is: 2-3 plants / m² in severely degraded areas, 1-2 plants / m² in moderately degraded areas, and 1 plant / m² in slightly degraded areas.

[0030] The precision irrigation system mentioned in step (4) is a drip irrigation or root zone irrigation system, which maintains the soil moisture content at 15%-25%; the regular spraying of microbial fertilizer is to be sprayed once a month within 1-3 months after planting, with a dosage of 5-8 kg / mu; the dynamic monitoring is implemented by combining drone aerial photography with ground quadrat survey.

[0031] The terrain features mentioned in step (1) include slope, aspect and micro-topographic undulation. The survey is carried out using a gridded sampling method combined with spatial analysis of geographic information system.

[0032] The method for preparing the locally matured organic fertilizer is as follows: collect local crop straw or livestock manure, add 2-3% by weight of compound microbial agent, and compost and ferment for 45-60 days under aerobic conditions with a moisture content of 50-60% until it is fully decomposed and harmless.

[0033] The dynamic monitoring described in step (4) uses multispectral drones to take aerial photos every 2-3 months, combined with fixed sample plots set up on the ground to conduct surveys once a quarter. The monitoring indicators include vegetation cover, plant height, ground diameter, survival rate, soil salinity, organic matter content and water content. The enclosure management is implemented by setting up protective fences and warning signs and supplementing with regular patrols. The enclosure period is 1-2 years.

[0034] Example 1: Practice of Rapid Vegetation Restoration in Saline-Alkali Land This invention was implemented in a typical salinized area in North China, where the soil salinity ranged from 0.4% to 0.8% and the pH value was between 8.5 and 9.2, classifying it as a severely salinized area.

[0035] First, site diagnosis and zoning were conducted. Through systematic surveying, the experimental area, totaling 60 mu (approximately 4 hectares), was divided into: a severely degraded area of ​​20 mu (approximately 1.3 hectares) with soil salinity between 0.6% and 0.8%; a moderately degraded area of ​​30 mu (approximately 2 hectares) with salinity between 0.4% and 0.6%; and a slightly degraded area of ​​10 mu (approximately 0.6 hectares) with salinity below 0.4%.

[0036] Subsequently, customized substrate improvement was carried out. A plant growth substrate composite was prepared on-site by mixing polyurethane carrier, locally matured sheep manure organic fertilizer, polymer water-retaining agent, and mycorrhizal fungi agent in a weight ratio of 5:3:1:1. For severely degraded areas, a full-coverage improvement was implemented, with a 10 cm thick substrate evenly laid. For moderately degraded areas, a strip improvement method was used, digging strips 60 cm wide and 6 cm deep along the planned planting rows and filling them with substrate. For lightly degraded areas, substrate was applied only to planting holes with a diameter of 40 cm and a depth of 40 cm, with 2.5 kg used per hole.

[0037] Next, targeted seedling planting was carried out. Salt-tolerant Reed saplings that had been propagated through tissue culture and were 20 to 25 cm tall were selected as the initial planting species. Planting density was set according to the zones: 2.5 plants per square meter in severely affected areas, 1.5 plants per square meter in moderately affected areas, and 1 plant per square meter in lightly affected areas. All planting was completed by the end of April of that year.

[0038] Finally, closed-loop intelligent management was implemented. A fully automated drip irrigation network was laid, automatically replenishing water based on soil moisture monitoring data to maintain soil moisture content between 18% and 22%. For three consecutive months after planting, compound microbial fertilizer was sprayed monthly using a sprayer, at a rate of 6 kg per acre each time. Protective fencing was erected for enclosure, and aerial monitoring was conducted every two months using multispectral drones. Combined with survey data from 10 fixed sample plots on the ground, the restoration effect was evaluated.

[0039] The results showed that four months after planting, the average vegetation cover in the area reached 65%; after one year, the vegetation cover increased to 88%, and the average survival rate of Reed tectorum was 93%. Compared with the control area, which used traditional topsoil improvement combined with ordinary irrigation, the vegetation cover in the control area was only 45% after one year, and the survival rate was about 70%. In addition, the average salinity of the topsoil in the treatment area decreased by 0.21 percentage points, and the soil structure was significantly improved.

[0040] Example 2: Practice of Rapid Vegetation Restoration in Desertified Land This invention was implemented in a shifting sandy area in Northwest China. The soil in this area has extremely low organic matter content, ranging from 0.3% to 0.6%, and the natural water content has been below 8% for a long time, resulting in severe wind erosion.

[0041] First, site diagnosis and zoning were conducted. The 40-mu experimental area was divided into: a severely degraded area of ​​15 mu (approximately 1 hectare) with soil organic matter content ≤0.4%; and a moderately degraded area of ​​25 mu (approximately 1 hectare) with soil organic matter content between 0.4% and 0.6%.

[0042] Subsequently, customized matrix improvement was carried out. The matrix composite was prepared using the same proportions as in Example 1. An 8 cm thick full-coverage layer was laid in severely degraded areas; in moderately degraded areas, strips 50 cm wide and 5 cm deep were excavated and filled with matrix, with the strips perpendicular to the local prevailing wind direction to assist in windbreak and sand fixation.

[0043] Next, targeted seedling planting was carried out. Container seedlings of native sand-fixing plants, sea buckthorn and black locust, were selected and planted together, with seedlings 15 to 20 centimeters in height. The planting density was set at 3 seedlings per square meter in severely affected areas and 2 seedlings per square meter in moderately affected areas. All planting work was completed in early October, taking advantage of the better soil moisture in autumn.

[0044] Finally, a closed-loop intelligent management system is implemented. Irrigation is achieved through drip irrigation combined with biodegradable mulch to minimize water evaporation and maintain soil moisture content between 15% and 18%. After planting, microbial fertilizer is applied monthly via the irrigation system at a rate of 5 kg per acre. Strict enclosure measures are implemented, along with a grid-based manual patrol system to prevent human interference. Simultaneously, regular drone remote sensing monitoring and ground surveys are conducted.

[0045] The results showed that after 5 months of planting, the average vegetation cover in the sandy area reached 62%; after 1 year, the vegetation cover steadily increased to 85%, and the survival rate of the mixed sea buckthorn and black locust reached 91%. Compared with the traditional afforestation method of using single grass checkerboard sand barriers combined with broadcasting during the rainy season, the vegetation cover in the control area was about 40% and the survival rate was about 65% after 1 year. Testing showed that the soil organic matter content in the treated area increased by an average of 0.18 percentage points, surface roughness increased, and wind erosion was effectively curbed.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid vegetation restoration in afforestation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Site diagnosis and zoning: Survey the soil salinity, pH value, organic matter content, water content and topographic features of the target area, and divide it into severely degraded areas, moderately degraded areas and slightly degraded areas; (2) Customized substrate improvement: Polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite is configured, and soil improvement is carried out by full coverage, strip laying or hole application according to different degraded areas; (3) Targeted seedling planting: Select stress-resistant native tree species to cultivate container seedlings, and determine the planting density and time according to the type of degraded area; (4) Closed-loop intelligent management: Build a precision irrigation system, regularly spray microbial fertilizer, and implement closed management and dynamic monitoring.

2. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The severely degraded areas mentioned in step (1) refer to soil salinity ≥ 0.6% or organic matter content ≤ 0.5%, the moderately degraded areas refer to soil salinity 0.3%-0.6% or organic matter content 0.5%-1.0%, and the slightly degraded areas refer to soil salinity ≤ 0.3% or organic matter content ≥ 1.0%.

3. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyurethane-plant growth substrate composite in step (2) is made by mixing polyurethane carrier, locally matured organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and mycorrhizal fungi in a weight ratio of 5:3:1:1; wherein the polyurethane carrier is a hydrophilic modified polyurethane foam with an open cell rate of ≥85%, the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate, and the mycorrhizal fungi are indigenous fungi isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of local healthy forest land.

4. A method for rapid vegetation restoration in afforestation according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The full coverage method described in step (2) is suitable for severely degraded areas, with a laying thickness of 8-12cm; the strip laying method is suitable for moderately degraded areas, with a width of 50-80cm and a laying thickness of 5-8cm, and the strip direction is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction or laid along the contour line; the hole application method is suitable for mildly degraded areas, with 2-3kg of substrate applied to each planting hole, and the planting hole specifications are 30-40cm in diameter and 30-40cm in depth.

5. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stress-resistant native tree species mentioned in step (3) include: at least one of reed, Suaeda salsa, and Tamarix chinensis for saline-alkali land; at least one of Hippophae rhamnoides, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Populus tomentosa for desertified land; at least one of Pinus tabuliformis, Platycladus orientalis, and Prunus armeniaca for degraded forest land; the container seedlings are 1-2 year old robust seedlings cultivated in lightweight non-woven fabric or biodegradable plastic containers, with a seedling height of 15-30cm and well-developed root system; the planting time is from March to May in spring or from September to November in autumn.

6. A method for rapid vegetation restoration in afforestation according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The planting density in step (3) is: 2-3 plants / m² in severely degraded areas, 1-2 plants / m² in moderately degraded areas, and 1 plant / m² in slightly degraded areas.

7. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision irrigation system mentioned in step (4) is a drip irrigation or root zone irrigation system, which maintains the soil moisture content at 15%-25%; the regular spraying of microbial fertilizer is to be sprayed once a month within 1-3 months after planting, with a dosage of 5-8 kg / mu; the dynamic monitoring is implemented by combining drone aerial photography with ground quadrat survey.

8. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terrain features mentioned in step (1) include slope, aspect and micro-topographic undulation. The survey is carried out using a gridded sampling method combined with spatial analysis of geographic information system.

9. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for preparing the locally matured organic fertilizer is as follows: collect local crop straw or livestock manure, add 2-3% by weight of compound microbial agent, and compost and ferment for 45-60 days under aerobic conditions with a moisture content of 50-60% until it is fully decomposed and harmless.

10. The afforestation method for rapid vegetation restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic monitoring described in step (4) uses multispectral drones to take aerial photos every 2-3 months, combined with fixed sample plots set up on the ground to conduct surveys once a quarter. The monitoring indicators include vegetation cover, plant height, ground diameter, survival rate, soil salinity, organic matter content and water content. The enclosure management is implemented by setting up protective fences and warning signs and supplementing with regular patrols. The enclosure period is 1-2 years.