A fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of grape cultivation technology, specifically relating to a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes, its preparation method, and its application. The fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes is prepared from an aqueous solution of gibberellin, thiabendazole, and brassinolide. Specifically, the concentration of gibberellin in the fruit enlargement agent is 20 mg / L~25 mg / L, the concentration of thiabendazole is 1.0 mg / L~1.25 mg / L, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.025 μg / L~0.050 μg / L. The fruit enlargement agent of this invention, combined with fruit thinning treatment, can increase the weight of a single Daqing grape berry by at least 20% while retaining the soluble solids content of the grape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grape cultivation technology, specifically relating to a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Daqing grapes, also known as round grapes or round white grapes, are a Vitis vinifera variety, a local variety of Ningxia. They are only grown in small areas of Ningxia, such as Qingtongxia City and Litong District of Wuzhong City; large-scale cultivation of this variety is not found in other parts of China. Daqing grapes are characterized by their thin skin, juiciness, and balanced sugar and acidity, making them popular with Ningxia consumers. However, Daqing grapes are relatively small, with an average weight of 5.8g per grape. Compared to other mainstream table grape varieties, the berries are significantly smaller, which reduces the variety's market competitiveness given the current preference for larger grapes. Currently, Daqing grapes are only grown in a few areas of Ningxia, and there are no dedicated fruit-enlarging agents available.

[0003] Existing fruit-enlarging agents mainly consist of chlorpyrifos, gibberellin, thiabendazole, and their compound formulations. These substances, as growth regulators, effectively promote plant cell division, leading to fruit enlargement, and are widely used in fruits and vegetables such as kiwifruit, grapes, watermelons, strawberries, citrus, and dragon fruit. In grapes, different varieties show significant differences in the enlargement effect of different fruit-enlarging agent formulations. Existing commercially available fruit-enlarging agents have a good enlargement effect on Daqing grapes, but the soluble solids content of the grapes after enlargement treatment is significantly reduced, resulting in a decline in fruit quality. Therefore, existing fruit-enlarging agents cannot simultaneously satisfy the needs of Daqing grape fruit enlargement and ensure high fruit quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a fruit enlargement agent for Ningxia Daqing grapes, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] To facilitate understanding of this invention, the materials used in this invention and their abbreviations are listed below: Gibberellin, abbreviated as GA3. Thiabendazole, abbreviated as TDZ. Brassinolide, abbreviated as BL.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes, which is obtained by mixing a solution of gibberellin, thiamethoxam and brassinolide.

[0007] The fruit enlargement agent contains gibberellin at a concentration of 20 mg / L to 25 mg / L, thidiazuron at a concentration of 1.0 mg / L to 1.25 mg / L, and brassinolide at a concentration of 0.025 μg / L to 0.050 μg / L.

[0008] Preferably, the concentration of gibberellin is 23 mg / L, the concentration of thidiazuron is 1.15 mg / L, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.025 μg / L.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes, comprising the following steps: Gibberellin, thiabendazole, and brassinolide were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to obtain gibberellin stock solution, thiabendazole stock solution, and brassinolide stock solution, respectively. The concentrations of the gibberellin stock solution were 20 mg / mL to 25 mg / mL, the thiabendazole stock solution was 1.0 mg / mL to 1.25 mg / mL, and the brassinolide stock solution was 0.025 μg / mL to 0.050 μg / mL.

[0010] When using, mix the gibberellin storage solution, thiabendazole storage solution, and brassinolide storage solution, and dilute with water to a gibberellin concentration of 20 mg / L~25 mg / L, a thiabendazole concentration of 1.0 mg / L~1.25 mg / L, and a brassinolide concentration of 0.025 μg / L~0.050 μg / L to obtain a fruit enlargement agent.

[0011] Preferably, the storage time for the gibberellin storage solution, thiamethoxam storage solution, and brassinolide storage solution is no more than 6 months at 4°C or no more than 2 years at -20°C. The fruit enlargement agent is used on the same day it is prepared.

[0012] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes, characterized by comprising the following steps: When the diameter of the grape berries is 5mm to 8mm, during the thinning process, the bunches are immersed in the fruit enlargement agent for 2 to 3 seconds to remove any residual enlargement agent droplets. The grapes are then managed in the field until they ripen.

[0013] Preferably, the number of fruits retained per bunch during fruit thinning is 100 to 120.

[0014] Preferably, the number of fruits retained per bunch during fruit thinning is 110.

[0015] Preferably, the soaking time is 2.5 seconds.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes of the present invention is prepared from a solution of gibberellin, thidiazuron, and brassinolide. The concentration of gibberellin is 20 mg / L to 25 mg / L, the concentration of thidiazuron is 1.0 mg / L to 1.25 mg / L, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.025 μg / L to 0.050 μg / L. Gibberellin, as a plant growth regulator, promotes cell growth and division, thereby achieving fruit enlargement. Thiidiazuron, as a plant growth regulator, has strong cell division activity and can promote the lateral and longitudinal expansion of grape young fruit cells, resulting in larger berries. Brassinolide has functions in regulating growth, improving quality, and enhancing stress resistance; in this enlargement agent, it mainly improves the quality of the enlarged fruit. Under the synergistic effect of gibberellin, thidiazuron, and brassinolide of this invention, the weight of a single grape berry increased from 5.84g to 7.45g~7.62g, and the weight of a single bunch increased from 763.92g to 928.86g~961.72g, while the soluble sugar content remained at 13.43Brix~13.68Brix, without significant change. Therefore, the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes of this invention improves the weight of a single berry and the weight of a single bunch while maintaining the quality of Daqing grapes.

[0017] 2. The application method of the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes of the present invention includes the following steps: When the diameter of the Daqing grape berries is 5mm~8mm, during the fruit thinning treatment, the grape bunches are soaked in the fruit enlargement agent to remove residual enlargement agent droplets from the bunches, and then managed in the field until the grapes mature. The fruit thinning treatment and soaking in the fruit enlargement agent are selected during the first enlargement stage when the diameter of the Daqing grape berries is 5mm~8mm. This is because at this stage, the grape fruit is in a critical period of rapid cell division, and exogenous regulators can effectively promote cell division and elongation, allowing the number and volume of cells in the fruit to increase simultaneously, resulting in a much better enlargement effect than at other stages. Fruit thinning treatment allows sufficient growth space for the berries, preventing the berries from being too tightly packed and causing them to crack. The simultaneous fruit thinning treatment and soaking in the fruit enlargement agent both provide sufficient growth space for the berries and promote berry enlargement. Removing residual enlargement agent droplets from the bunches effectively prevents repeated stimulation of the bunches by residual agents, which can easily lead to deformed fruit, and also reduces the amount of residual agent on the fruit. Field management provides the necessary nutrients and environmental conditions for the Daqing grape. Therefore, the method of this invention can increase the yield of Daqing grapes, and only requires one treatment with a growth promoter throughout the entire growing season, making the operation simple.

[0018] In summary, the fruit enlargement agent of the present invention, combined with fruit thinning treatment, can increase the weight of a single grape by more than 20% while retaining the soluble solids content of Daqing grapes, thereby achieving a yield increase of more than 15%, and effectively improving the marketability of Daqing grapes, increasing the marketable fruit rate by more than 20%. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This diagram shows the single-berry weight and soluble solids content of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* grapes in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention. Wherein, A represents the single-berry weight, B represents the single-bundle weight, and C represents the soluble solids content.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the relationship between brassinolide concentration and soluble solids content in Daqing grapes according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 These are the single-particle weight and soluble solids content of the present invention. Wherein, A is the single-particle weight, and B is the soluble solids content. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a clear and complete account of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that all technical terms used in this invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the following embodiments of this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0024] Example 1 A method for preparing a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: GA3 was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 25 mg / L GA3 stock solution. TDZ was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 1.25 mg / L TDZ stock solution. BL was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 0.050 μg / L BL stock solution. All stock solutions were stored at 4°C for no more than 6 months or at -20°C for no more than 2 years. The GA3, TDZ, and BL stock solutions were mixed in equal volumes and diluted 1000 times with water to obtain a fruit enlargement agent. The fruit enlargement agent was prepared fresh and used on the same day.

[0025] The application of fruit enlargement agents for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: When the diameter of the Daqing grape berries reached 7 mm, thinning was performed, leaving 120 berries per bunch. The bunches were then immersed in the fruit-enlarging agent for 3 seconds to remove any residual droplets. Field management continued until the grapes matured, yielding the Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single berry was 7.45 g, the average weight of a bunch was 961.72 g, and the average soluble solids content was 13.43 Brix.

[0026] Example 2 A method for preparing a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: GA3 was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a GA3 stock solution of 23 mg / L. TDZ was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a TDZ stock solution of 1.15 mg / L. BL was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a BL stock solution of 0.025 μg / L. All stock solutions were stored at 4°C for no more than 6 months or at -20°C for no more than 2 years. The GA3, TDZ, and BL stock solutions were mixed in equal volumes and diluted 1000 times with water to obtain a fruit enlargement agent. The fruit enlargement agent was prepared fresh and used on the same day.

[0027] The application of fruit enlargement agents for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: When the diameter of the Daqing grape berries reaches 5 mm, thinning is performed, leaving 100 berries per bunch. The bunches are then immersed in the fruit-enlarging agent for 2 seconds to remove any residual droplets. Field management continues until the grapes mature, yielding Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single berry is 7.64 g, the average weight of a bunch is 928.86 g, and the average soluble solids content is 13.68 Brix.

[0028] Example 3 A method for preparing a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: GA3 was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 20 mg / L GA3 stock solution. TDZ was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 1.0 mg / L TDZ stock solution. BL was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a 0.030 μg / L BL stock solution. All stock solutions were stored at 4°C for no more than 6 months or at -20°C for no more than 2 years. The GA3, TDZ, and BL stock solutions were mixed in equal volumes and diluted 1000 times with water to obtain a fruit enlargement agent. The fruit enlargement agent was prepared fresh and used on the same day.

[0029] The application of fruit enlargement agents for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: When the diameter of the Daqing grape berries reached 6 mm, thinning was performed, leaving 110 berries per bunch. The bunches were then immersed in the fruit-enlarging agent for 2.5 seconds to remove any residual agent droplets. Field management continued until the grapes matured, yielding the Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single berry was 7.62 g, the average weight of a bunch was 941.80 g, and the average soluble solids content was 13.46 Brix.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 0 mg / L, TDZ to 0 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while keeping other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 5.84 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 763.92 g, and the average soluble solids content was 13.81 Brix.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 50 mg / L, TDZ to 5 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.87 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 1025.95 g, and the average soluble solids content was 10.93 Brix.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 50 mg / L, TDZ to 2.5 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.43 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 967.39 g, and the average soluble solids content was 11.20 Brix.

[0033] Comparative Example 4 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 50 mg / L, TDZ to 1.25 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.93 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 1036.30 g, and the average soluble solids content was 12.13 Brix.

[0034] Comparative Example 5 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 25 mg / L, TDZ to 5 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.44 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 968.32 g, and the average soluble solids content was 11.57 Brix.

[0035] Comparative Example 6 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 25 mg / L, TDZ to 2.5 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.41 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 961.93 g, and the average soluble solids content was 11.63 Brix.

[0036] Comparative Example 7 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 25 mg / L, TDZ to 1.25 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 7.29 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 947.39 g, and the average soluble solids content was 12.60 Brix.

[0037] Comparative Example 8 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 12.5 mg / L, TDZ to 5 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 6.15 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 803.52 g, and the average soluble solids content was 12.33 Brix.

[0038] Comparative Example 9 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 in Example 1 to 12.5 mg / L, adjusting TDZ to 2.5 mg / L, and adding brassinolide to 0 μg / L, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single berry of the obtained Daqing grapes was 5.91 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 775.03 g, and the average soluble solids content was 12.73 Brix.

[0039] Comparative Example 10 The application of a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes includes the following steps: adjusting GA3 to 12.5 mg / L, TDZ to 1.25 mg / L, and brassinolide to 0 μg / L in Example 1, while maintaining other conditions consistent with Example 1, to obtain Daqing grapes. The average weight of a single grape was 5.91 g, the average weight of a single bunch was 781.97 g, and the average soluble solids content was 12.97 Brix.

[0040] The growth promoter formulations and quality parameters of Daqing grapes in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 1 As shown in the figure. The results showed that the soluble solids content in grape berries was reduced in Comparative Examples 2 to 10 without BL. Among them, Comparative Examples 2 to 4, with GA3 at 50 mg / L, had the lowest content, ranging from 10.93 Brix to 12.13 Brix. This indicates that GA3 can increase the weight of individual berries and bunches of Daqing grapes, but it will reduce the soluble solids content. The concentration of TDZ is inversely proportional to the soluble solids content, that is, the higher the TDZ concentration, the lower the soluble solids content. The soluble solids content in Daqing grapes with only BL is shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown in the figure. CK is the blank control, without BL. The results show that the soluble solids in Daqing grapes increase with increasing BL. The single-berry weight and quality of Daqing grapes treated with thinning, thinning, and soaking in a fruit-enlarging agent are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the control group received no treatment. The results showed that both fruit thinning and soaking with the fruit-enlarging agent significantly increased the individual weight of the grapes. Compared to the thinning-only treatment, simultaneous thinning and fruit-enlarging agent treatment resulted in a significant increase in individual grape weight, with no significant difference in soluble solids content. This is because GA3 and TDZ in the fruit-enlarging agent formulation, as exogenous regulators, effectively promote cell division and elongation, thereby promoting grape enlargement; brassinolide in the formulation increases the soluble solids content in grape berries, and its application can reduce the decrease in soluble solids content caused by excessively rapid fruit enlargement.

[0041] Therefore, only through the synergistic effect of GA3, TDZ, and BL can the weight of a single berry and a single bunch be increased without reducing the quality of the grape berries.

[0042] Table 1. Formulas of growth promoters and quality of Daqing grapes in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-10 It should be noted that when numerical ranges are involved in this invention, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as in the embodiments, preferred embodiments are described in this invention to avoid redundancy. Although preferred embodiments of this invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the inventive concept of this invention, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this invention.

[0043] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of equivalents of this invention, then this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fruit-enlarging agent for large green grapes, characterized in that, It is obtained by mixing a solution of gibberellin, thiabendazole and brassinolide; The fruit enlargement agent contains gibberellin at a concentration of 20 mg / L to 25 mg / L, thidiazuron at a concentration of 1.0 mg / L to 1.25 mg / L, and brassinolide at a concentration of 0.025 μg / L to 0.050 μg / L.

2. The fruit enlargement agent for large green grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentrations of gibberellin, thiabendazole, and brassinolide were 23 mg / L, 1.15 mg / L, and 0.025 μg / L, respectively.

3. The method for preparing a fruit-enlarging agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Gibberellin, thiabendazole, and brassinolide were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to obtain gibberellin stock solution, thiabendazole stock solution, and brassinolide stock solution, respectively. The gibberellin stock solution concentration was 20 mg / mL to 25 mg / mL, the thiabendazole stock solution concentration was 1.0 mg / mL to 1.25 mg / mL, and the brassinolide stock solution concentration was 0.025 μg / mL to 0.050 μg / mL. When using, mix the gibberellin storage solution, thiabendazole storage solution, and brassinolide storage solution, and dilute with water to a gibberellin concentration of 20 mg / L~25 mg / L, a thiabendazole concentration of 1.0 mg / L~1.25 mg / L, and a brassinolide concentration of 0.025 μg / L~0.050 μg / L to obtain a fruit enlargement agent.

4. The method for preparing a fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The storage time for the gibberellin storage solution, thiabendazole storage solution, and brassinolide storage solution is no more than 6 months at 4°C or no more than 2 years at -20°C; the fruit enlargement agent should be used on the same day it is prepared.

5. The application of the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the diameter of the grape berries is 5mm to 8mm, during the thinning process, the bunches are immersed in the fruit enlargement agent for 2 to 3 seconds to remove any residual enlargement agent droplets. The grapes are then managed in the field until they ripen.

6. The application of the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of fruits retained per bunch during fruit thinning is 100 to 120.

7. The application of the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of fruits retained per bunch during fruit thinning is 110.

8. The application of the fruit enlargement agent for Daqing grapes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The soaking time is 2.5 seconds.

Images