A waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization equipment, and in particular to a waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment, comprising a casing, a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module, and a differential-speed flexible kneading and stripping module. The matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module includes a moving jaw plate and a stationary jaw base arranged opposite each other. Multiple sliding grooves are formed on the side of the stationary jaw base facing the moving jaw plate, and wear-resistant armor blocks are slidably installed in each of the sliding grooves. A wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism is provided at the end of each wear-resistant armor block away from the groove opening. The differential-speed flexible kneading and stripping module is located below the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module. The differential-speed flexible kneading and stripping module includes a driving roller and a driven roller rotating in opposite directions, with the linear velocity of the driving roller being greater than that of the driven roller. This solves the problem of uneven jaw plate wear, achieves effective separation of mortar and aggregate, and improves the quality of recycled aggregate and the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of equipment for the resource utilization of solid waste, and in particular to a crushing and processing equipment for recycled waste concrete. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization and the continuous upgrading of infrastructure in my country, the amount of waste concrete generated from building demolition and road reconstruction is increasing year by year. If this waste concrete is simply landfilled or stockpiled, it not only occupies a large amount of land resources but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, processing waste concrete into recycled aggregate for use in new construction projects can reduce the environmental impact of construction waste and alleviate the shortage of natural sand and gravel resources, which has significant economic and environmental implications.

[0003] Waste concrete mainly consists of cement mortar and natural aggregates, with the strength of cement mortar typically lower than that of natural aggregates. The key to successful processing lies in effectively removing the cement mortar adhering to the aggregate surface while preserving the integrity and strength of the aggregate as much as possible. Traditional waste concrete crushing equipment often employs single crushing methods such as impact crushers, jaw crushers, or cone crushers. These devices tend to crush the mortar and aggregate together during the crushing process, making selective separation difficult. This results in recycled aggregates with a high mortar content and a large amount of needle-like and flaky particles, affecting the quality and application range of the recycled aggregates.

[0004] Existing jaw crushers still suffer from uneven jaw plate wear during long-term use. Due to uneven material distribution within the crushing chamber and differences in impact force, different areas of the jaw plate wear to varying degrees. When local wear is severe, dead zones can form, reducing crushing efficiency. Traditional jaw crushers typically use a one-piece jaw plate design, requiring replacement of the entire plate or rough adjustment with shims after wear. This approach cannot precisely compensate for localized wear, and the adjustment process requires machine shutdown, disrupting production continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment. It solves the problem of uneven jaw plate wear by using a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module, and achieves effective separation of mortar and aggregate by combining a differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module, thereby improving the quality of recycled aggregate and the service life of the equipment.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment, comprising: a casing, with a crushing chamber inside the casing, and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet on the casing; a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module disposed in the upper region of the crushing chamber, the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module including a moving jaw plate and a stationary jaw base disposed opposite to each other, the stationary jaw base having multiple sliding grooves on the side facing the moving jaw plate, wear-resistant armor blocks being slidably installed in the multiple sliding grooves, and a wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism being provided at the end of the multiple wear-resistant armor blocks away from the opening of the sliding grooves; and a differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module disposed in the crushing chamber and located below the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module, the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module including an active roller and a driven roller rotating in opposite directions, the linear velocity of the active roller being greater than the linear velocity of the driven roller.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism includes: a sliding wedge block, fixedly connected to the end of the wear-resistant armor block away from the opening of the sliding groove; a locking wedge block, slidably disposed within the stationary jaw base; and a drive unit for driving the locking wedge block to move, so that the locking wedge block pushes the sliding wedge block through inclined contact, thereby pushing the wear-resistant armor block toward the opening of the sliding groove for feed compensation.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the inclined contact angle between the sliding wedge and the locking wedge is 5° to 7°, so that the sliding wedge and the locking wedge satisfy the mechanical self-locking condition.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a dovetail guide groove is provided inside the stationary jaw base, and a locking wedge is slidably disposed in the dovetail guide groove. The drive unit is a miniature hydraulic servo cylinder installed on the side wall of the stationary jaw base.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism further includes a preload spring disposed in the sliding groove and abutting against the sliding wedge, for maintaining a preload force between the sliding wedge and the locking wedge.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a dustproof sealing structure is provided between two adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the dustproof sealing structure includes multiple layers of corrugated spring steel sheets, one end of each corrugated spring steel sheet being fixed to one of the wear-resistant armor blocks, and the other end being elastically attached to an adjacent wear-resistant armor block.

[0013] In one possible implementation, both the driving roller and the driven roller have a composite roller surface structure on their surfaces. The composite roller surface structure includes a metal roller core, rigid protrusions disposed on the surface of the metal roller core, and a flexible elastomer filling the spaces between adjacent rigid protrusions.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the rigid protrusion is a hard alloy corrugated tooth, and the flexible elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the outer surface of the polyurethane elastomer is 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm below the tooth tip of the hard alloy corrugated tooth.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the linear velocity ratio of the driving roller to the driven roller is 1.15:1 to 1.25:1.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the driven roller is provided with a retraction mechanism, which includes: a bearing housing through which the driven roller is mounted in the housing; a hydraulic retraction assembly connected to the bearing housing for driving the bearing housing and the driven roller to move in a direction away from the driving roller, the hydraulic retraction assembly including an accumulator hydraulic cylinder, a high-pressure nitrogen accumulator connected to the accumulator hydraulic cylinder, and a quick-release valve; a control system and a current detection device, the current detection device being used to detect the motor current driving the driving roller and the driven roller, and when the motor current exceeds a preset threshold, the control system controls the quick-release valve to open.

[0018] In one possible implementation, a material guide plate is also included, which is positioned between the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module and the differential speed flexible kneading and stripping module to guide the primary crushed material into the differential speed flexible kneading and stripping module.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment with the following advantages: This equipment, through the combined use of a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module and a differential-speed flexible kneading and stripping module, solves the problems of uneven jaw plate wear and poor mortar aggregate separation. Multiple sliding grooves on the stationary jaw base are fitted with wear-resistant armor blocks. When the armor blocks wear, they move inward along the sliding grooves under crushing pressure. A wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism automatically locks the armor blocks during movement, achieving wear compensation. Compared to integral jaw plates that require downtime for replacement, the matrix structure can continuously maintain the shape of the crushing chamber during operation, avoiding wear dead zones, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] The differential-speed flexible kneading and peeling module utilizes the difference in linear velocity between the driving and driven rollers to create a shearing zone. Waste concrete particles are subjected to tangential shear force and normal compressive force in this zone. Due to the brittleness and low shear strength of cement mortar, it easily peels off from the aggregate surface under differential shearing, while the higher-strength aggregate remains intact. This peeling method targets the weak interface between mortar and aggregate, and is more effective than simple impact crushing. It significantly reduces the amount of mortar adhering to the surface of recycled aggregate, improves particle shape, and reduces the content of needle-like and flaky particles.

[0021] In the two-stage processing, the primary crushing module breaks large pieces of waste concrete into medium-sized particles, creating conditions for subsequent stripping, while the differential stripping module specifically handles mortar separation. This tiered processing avoids the shortcomings of a single crushing method, ensuring both crushing efficiency and high-quality separation, enabling recycled aggregates to be used in higher-grade concrete and expanding the application range of waste concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This illustration shows a structural diagram of a waste concrete recycling and crushing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of a wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism and a wear-resistant armor block according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This illustration shows a structural schematic diagram of a wear-resistant armor block provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This illustration shows a structural schematic diagram of an active roller or a driven roller provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a driven roller and a retraction mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a control relationship diagram of the yielding mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Marked in the attached diagram: 1. Casing; 11. Crushing chamber; 2. Matrix-type self-compensating initial crushing module; 21. Moving jaw plate; 22. Static jaw base; 221. Sliding groove; 222. Dovetail guide groove; 23. Wear-resistant armor block; 231. Dustproof sealing structure; 24. Wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism; 241. Sliding wedge; 242. Locking wedge; 243. Drive unit; 244. Preload spring; 3. Differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module; 31. Driven roller; 32. Driven roller; 33. Metal roller core; 34. Rigid tooth; 35. Flexible elastomer; 36. Retraction mechanism; 361. Bearing housing; 362. Hydraulic retraction assembly; 363. Control system; 364. Current detection device; 4. Material guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment, including: a housing 1, a crushing chamber 11 inside the housing 1, and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet on the housing 1; a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module 2, disposed in the upper region of the crushing chamber 11, the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module 2 including a moving jaw plate 21 and a stationary jaw base 22 disposed opposite to each other, the stationary jaw base 22 having a plurality of sliding grooves 221 on the side facing the moving jaw plate 21, wear-resistant armor blocks 23 being slidably installed in the plurality of sliding grooves 221 respectively, and a wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 being disposed at the end of the plurality of wear-resistant armor blocks 23 away from the groove opening of the sliding grooves 221 respectively; and a differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3, disposed in the crushing chamber 11 and located below the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module 2, the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3 including an active roller 31 and a driven roller 32 rotating in opposite directions, the linear velocity of the active roller 31 being greater than the linear velocity of the driven roller 32.

[0026] In this invention, the problems of uneven jaw plate wear and poor mortar aggregate separation are solved by using a matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module 2 and a differential-speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3 in combination. Multiple sliding grooves 221 on the stationary jaw base 22 are respectively equipped with wear-resistant armor blocks 23. When the armor blocks wear, they move inward along the sliding grooves 221 under crushing pressure. The wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 automatically locks the armor blocks during movement, achieving wear compensation. Compared to integral jaw plates that require downtime for replacement, the matrix structure can continuously maintain the shape of the crushing chamber 11 during operation, avoiding wear dead zones, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0027] The differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3 utilizes the difference in linear velocity between the driving roller 31 and the driven roller 32 to create a shearing zone. Waste concrete particles are subjected to tangential shear force and normal compressive force in this zone. Due to the brittleness and low shear strength of cement mortar, it is easily peeled off from the aggregate surface under differential speed shearing, while the higher-strength aggregate remains intact. This peeling method targets the weak interface between mortar and aggregate, and is more effective than simple impact crushing. It significantly reduces the amount of mortar adhering to the surface of recycled aggregate, improves particle shape, and reduces the content of needle-like and flaky particles.

[0028] In the two-stage processing, the primary crushing module breaks large pieces of waste concrete into medium-sized particles, creating conditions for subsequent stripping, while the differential stripping module specifically handles mortar separation. This tiered processing avoids the shortcomings of a single crushing method, ensuring both crushing efficiency and high-quality separation, enabling recycled aggregates to be used in higher-grade concrete and expanding the application range of waste concrete.

[0029] Specifically, the stationary jaw base 22 has multiple sliding grooves 221 on the side facing the moving jaw plate 21. Wear-resistant armor blocks 23, slidably installed within each groove 221, can be independently adjusted for forward and backward displacement. When a certain armor block wears, the corresponding wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 pushes the armor block forward to compensate, maintaining the consistency of the crushing gap. The linear velocity of the driving roller 31 is greater than that of the driven roller 32, creating a velocity gradient between the two rollers. The concrete block is subjected to differential shearing as it passes between the rollers.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, when processing waste concrete pavement material, the material enters the upper area of ​​the crushing chamber 11 from the feed inlet. First, the large pieces of concrete are crushed into medium particle sizes of 50-100mm by the matrix self-compensating primary crushing module 2. Then, it enters the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3 below. Through the differential shearing action of the active roller 31 and the driven roller 32, the mortar and aggregate are separated. The content of needle-like and flaky particles in the produced recycled aggregate is significantly reduced, and the roundness of the particle shape is improved.

[0031] In related technologies, traditional waste concrete crushing equipment often uses a single impact or compression crushing method, which often crushes mortar and aggregate together during the crushing process, making effective separation difficult and resulting in poor quality recycled aggregate. Furthermore, after equipment wear, the crushing gap needs to be adjusted as a whole, which is complex and has limited precision. In this embodiment of the invention, the matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module 2 achieves distributed wear compensation. Each wear-resistant armor block 23 can be independently adjusted according to the actual wear condition, maintaining the uniformity of the crushing gap. The differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3 achieves gentle separation of mortar and aggregate through selective shearing, avoiding excessive crushing of the aggregate. This two-stage synergistic treatment significantly improves the overall quality of the recycled aggregate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 includes: a sliding wedge 241, fixedly connected to one end of the wear-resistant armor block 23 away from the opening of the sliding groove 221; a locking wedge 242, slidably disposed within the stationary jaw base 22; and a driving unit 243 for driving the locking wedge 242 to move, so that the locking wedge 242 pushes the sliding wedge 241 through inclined contact, thereby pushing the wear-resistant armor block 23 toward the opening of the sliding groove 221 for feed compensation.

[0033] In this invention, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 achieves precise position adjustment of the wear-resistant armor block 23 through the coordinated operation of the sliding wedge 241, the locking wedge 242, and the drive unit 243. The sliding wedge 241 is fixedly connected to the end of the wear-resistant armor block 23 away from the opening of the sliding groove 221, and the locking wedge 242 is slidably disposed in the stationary jaw base 22. When the drive unit 243 pushes the locking wedge 242 to move, the inclined surface contact between the two wedges generates a mechanical amplification effect, converting the small displacement of the locking wedge 242 into precise forward compensation of the wear-resistant armor block 23.

[0034] Specifically, the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242 form a wedge-shaped transmission pair through inclined surface contact. When the locking wedge 242 moves axially under the action of the drive unit 243, the normal force between the inclined surfaces generates a radial component, pushing the sliding wedge 241 along with the wear-resistant armor block 23 towards the opening of the sliding groove 221. The mechanical amplification characteristic of the wedge mechanism allows a small driving force to generate a large compensation thrust. The compensation accuracy depends on the wedge angle and the control accuracy of the drive unit 243. When it is detected that a wear-resistant armor block 23 has worn 2mm due to long-term use, the corresponding drive unit 243 is activated, pushing the locking wedge 242 to move. The wedge self-locking bearing mechanism 24 pushes the armor block forward by 2mm, restoring it to a flush state with the adjacent armor block. The entire compensation process can be completed while the equipment is running without stopping for adjustment.

[0035] In some embodiments, the inclined contact angle between the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242 is 5° to 7°, so that the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242 meet the mechanical self-locking condition.

[0036] In this invention, the contact angle between the inclined surfaces of the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242 is controlled within the range of 5° to 7°, ensuring reliable self-locking of the wedge transmission pair based on the friction self-locking theory. When the included angle between the inclined surfaces of the two wedges is less than twice the friction angle, the wedge mechanism has self-locking capability, meaning that the wedges will not automatically slip out without external force.

[0037] Specifically, the 5° to 7° inclined plane angle design takes into account the friction coefficient between the steel wedges and the actual working conditions. Within this angle range, the resisting torque generated by friction is greater than the sliding torque generated by the wedge-shaped inclined plane, forming a stable mechanical balance. At the same time, this angle range also takes into account the transmission efficiency of the wedge mechanism. If the angle is too small, although the self-locking performance is better, the transmission efficiency will be reduced; if the angle is too large, the self-locking ability may be lost.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, with a 6° inclined plane angle design, when the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 is subjected to the impact load during the crushing process, the friction between the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242 can effectively prevent the wedge from sliding backward, keep the compensation position of the wear-resistant armor block 23 stable, and there will be no position drift even under high-frequency impact.

[0039] In some embodiments, a dovetail guide groove 222 is provided in the stationary jaw base 22, a locking wedge 242 is slidably disposed in the dovetail guide groove 222, and the drive unit 243 is a miniature hydraulic servo cylinder installed on the side wall of the stationary jaw base 22.

[0040] In this invention, the dovetail guide groove 222 formed in the stationary jaw base 22 provides precise sliding guidance for the locking wedge 242. The trapezoidal cross-sectional structure of the dovetail groove restricts the radial displacement of the wedge, ensuring that it slides only along the axial direction. A miniature hydraulic servo cylinder, as a drive unit 243, is installed on the side wall of the stationary jaw base 22, and the precise position control of the locking wedge 242 is achieved through hydraulic drive.

[0041] Specifically, the wedge-shaped sidewall of the dovetail guide groove 222 and the corresponding surface of the locking wedge 242 form a sliding fit. The contraction of the groove prevents the wedge from dislodging, and the self-locking characteristic of the dovetail structure further enhances the stability of the system. The miniature hydraulic servo cylinder is characterized by its small size, large output force, and high control precision. It can achieve millimeter-level position adjustment according to the control signal. The hydraulic system has a fast response speed and can achieve real-time dynamic compensation. When the wear detection system detects that the wear of a certain wear-resistant armor block 23 reaches a preset threshold, the control system 363 sends an adjustment signal to the corresponding miniature hydraulic servo cylinder. The servo cylinder pushes the locking wedge 242 to move precisely within the dovetail guide groove 222. The wedge mechanism achieves precise compensation of the armor block, and the positional accuracy of the entire process can reach 0.1 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 further includes a preload spring 244, which is disposed in the sliding groove 221 and abuts against the sliding wedge 241 to maintain a preload between the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242.

[0043] In this invention, the preload spring 244 added to the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 eliminates any possible gap between the sliding wedge block 241 and the locking wedge block 242, ensuring close contact between the inclined surfaces of the two wedge blocks through continuous elastic preload. The preload spring 244 is disposed in the sliding groove 221 and abuts against the sliding wedge block 241, providing stable contact pressure for the wedge-shaped transmission pair.

[0044] Specifically, the elastic force of the preload spring 244 overcomes the clearance caused by machining errors and wear, ensuring that the sliding wedge 241 is always pressed against the inclined surface of the locking wedge 242, thus eliminating the adverse effects of transmission clearance on compensation accuracy. When the system is subjected to impact loads, the buffering effect of the preload spring 244 reduces the direct impact force on the wedge-shaped contact surface, protecting the precision mating surfaces.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, under the strong impact load generated when breaking hard concrete, the preload spring 244 maintains stable contact between the sliding wedge 241 and the locking wedge 242, avoiding wedge separation or increased gap due to impact, and ensuring the consistency of compensation accuracy. Long-term operation tests show that the compensation accuracy deviation of the wedge mechanism with preload spring 244 is controlled within ±0.05mm, effectively solving the gap problem of the wedge transmission pair. Zero-gap transmission is achieved through elastic preload, improving the accuracy and stability of compensation adjustment. At the same time, the buffering characteristics of the spring enhance the system's ability to withstand impact loads and extend the service life of the wedge mechanism.

[0046] In some embodiments, a dustproof sealing structure 231 is provided between two adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks 23.

[0047] In this invention, a dustproof sealing structure 231 is provided between two adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks 23, which solves the sealing problem caused by the independent movement of each armor block in a matrix-type armor block arrangement. Since each wear-resistant armor block 23 can adjust its position independently according to its own wear condition, there will inevitably be relative displacement between adjacent armor blocks. The dustproof sealing structure 231 adapts to this dynamic change while ensuring the sealing effect.

[0048] Specifically, the dustproof sealing structure 231 adopts a flexible sealing method, which can maintain sealed contact when adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks 23 undergo relative displacement, preventing dust and fine particles generated during the crushing process from entering the sliding groove 221. The presence of the sealing structure avoids wear and contamination of the precision mating surfaces of the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 by abrasive particles, protecting the normal operation of the adjustment mechanism.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, when processing waste concrete materials with a lot of dust, the dustproof sealing structure 231 effectively prevents dust from entering the sliding groove 221 behind the wear-resistant armor block 23. After long-term operation testing, the wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism 24 with the dustproof sealing structure 231 operates stably and maintains good adjustment accuracy, while the control group without sealing protection shows jamming and adjustment failure.

[0050] In some embodiments, the dustproof sealing structure 231 includes multiple layers of corrugated spring steel sheets, one end of each corrugated spring steel sheet being fixed to one of the wear-resistant armor blocks 23, and the other end being elastically attached to an adjacent wear-resistant armor block 23.

[0051] In this invention, the dustproof sealing structure 231 is composed of multiple layers of corrugated spring steel sheets. The corrugated structure of each corrugated spring steel sheet gives it good elastic deformation ability, which can adapt to the positional changes of adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks 23 during the compensation and adjustment process. The installation method of fixing one end and elastically fitting the other end allows the sealing structure to adaptively track the movement of the armor blocks.

[0052] Specifically, the corrugated shape of the corrugated spring steel sheet allows for elastic deformation under compression or tension, absorbing relative displacement between adjacent armor blocks. The multi-layered design forms multiple sealing barriers, improving sealing reliability. The steel sheet material possesses excellent wear resistance and elastic recovery, enabling it to maintain a sealing effect over long periods in harsh working environments.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, when a relative displacement of 3 mm occurs between adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks 23, the corrugated spring steel sheet adapts to this change through elastic deformation, wherein the elastic fitting end always maintains effective contact with the surface of the armor block, ensuring the continuity of the sealing gap. The multi-layer structure provides multiple sealing guarantees so that even if a single layer of steel sheet experiences local wear, the overall sealing effect can still be maintained.

[0054] In some embodiments, the surfaces of both the driving roller 31 and the driven roller 32 are provided with a composite roller surface structure, which includes a metal roller core 33, rigid protrusions 34 disposed on the surface of the metal roller core 33, and a flexible elastomer 35 filled between adjacent rigid protrusions 34.

[0055] In this invention, the composite roller surface structure provided on the surfaces of the driving roller 31 and the driven roller 32 organically combines the rigid protrusions 34 with the flexible elastomer 35, forming a surface treatment system that combines rigidity and flexibility. The metal roller core 33 provides structural strength, the rigid protrusions 34 are responsible for mechanically crushing the concrete, and the flexible elastomer 35 fills the gaps between the protrusions to achieve flexible treatment of the concrete surface.

[0056] Specifically, rigid protrusions 34 are disposed on the surface of the metal roller core 33, possessing high hardness and impact resistance. During the rotation of the roller, they exert impact and shearing action on the concrete block, achieving initial crushing. The flexible elastomer 35, filled between adjacent rigid protrusions 34, undergoes elastic deformation when compressed, kneading and squeezing the concrete surface. Through repeated deformation recovery, it promotes fatigue separation at the mortar-aggregate interface.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, when processing C30 waste concrete, rigid protruding teeth 34 first impact-crush the concrete block, forming cracks and localized breakage on the concrete surface. Subsequently, a flexible elastomer 35 applies repeated compression deformation to the cracked areas, promoting the peeling off of the mortar layer and the separation of aggregates. Testing revealed that the resulting recycled aggregate exhibited high aggregate integrity and significantly reduced mortar adhesion. Through the synergistic effect of the rigid protruding teeth 34 and the flexible elastomer 35, both effective concrete crushing capability and gentle aggregate processing are ensured. The combination of rigid crushing and flexible peeling significantly improves the quality of the recycled aggregate, avoiding the limitations of a single-material roller surface.

[0058] In some embodiments, the rigid protrusion 34 is a hard alloy corrugated tooth, and the flexible elastomer 35 is a polyurethane elastomer.

[0059] In this invention, the rigid protruding tooth 34 is made of cemented carbide corrugated tooth, and the flexible elastomer 35 is made of polyurethane elastomer, achieving an optimal combination of material properties. The cemented carbide corrugated tooth has extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The corrugated shape increases the contact area with concrete and generates a stress concentration effect, which is beneficial to the brittle fracture of concrete.

[0060] Specifically, the high hardness of cemented carbide ensures effective concrete crushing capability, while the corrugated tooth design generates multi-point impact upon contact with concrete. The peak-valley structure of the corrugations creates stress concentration areas, promoting crack initiation and propagation. Polyurethane elastomers possess excellent elastic recovery properties and good wear resistance; their hardness can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the object being treated, enabling adaptable treatment of mortar layers with different strengths.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the hardness of the cemented carbide corrugated teeth reaches HRC62, effectively crushing concrete with a strength grade of C40. The multi-peak structure of the corrugated teeth forms multiple crushing points in a single contact, improving crushing efficiency. The accompanying polyurethane elastomer with a Shore hardness of 85A undergoes moderate deformation under pressure, gently kneading the concrete surface and effectively removing mortar adhering to the aggregate surface. The ultra-high hardness of the cemented carbide and the optimized geometry of the corrugated teeth significantly improve crushing efficiency, while the excellent elastic properties of the polyurethane elastomer achieve gentle yet efficient mortar stripping. The synergistic effect of these two materials is significantly superior to the crushing effect of traditional single materials.

[0062] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the polyurethane elastomer is 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm below the tooth tip of the hard alloy corrugated tooth.

[0063] In this invention, the outer surface of the polyurethane elastomer is 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm lower than the tip of the carbide corrugated teeth. This height difference design ensures the orderly execution of rigid crushing and flexible processing. This height difference allows the carbide corrugated teeth to contact the concrete block first during the crushing process, followed by the participation of the polyurethane elastomer, forming a sequential processing flow.

[0064] Specifically, the 1.5-2.0mm height difference is determined based on the characteristics of concrete materials and the crushing mechanism. When the concrete block enters the rollers, the carbide corrugated teeth first contact and apply impact force, forming initial cracks on the concrete surface. As the rollers continue to rotate and more material is squeezed in, the polyurethane elastomer begins to contact the concrete surface, and the kneading effect generated by its elastic deformation promotes the further expansion of the already formed cracks. When processing concrete blocks with a thickness of 20mm, the 1.8mm height difference design allows the carbide corrugated teeth to first penetrate the surface mortar layer and cause initial damage at the aggregate interface. The polyurethane elastomer then repeatedly kneads the damaged interface through 1.8mm compression deformation. Tests have shown that the aggregate integrity rate is about 15% higher under this sequential processing method than under the synchronous contact method.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, by precisely controlling the height difference of 1.5-2.0 mm between the polyurethane elastomer and the hard alloy corrugated teeth, an optimized process flow of rigid crushing first and flexible treatment later is achieved, giving full play to the performance characteristics of the two materials and protecting the integrity of the aggregate to the greatest extent while ensuring crushing efficiency.

[0066] In some embodiments, the linear velocity ratio of the driving roller 31 to the driven roller 32 is 1.15:1 to 1.25:1.

[0067] In this invention, the linear velocity ratio of the driving roller 31 to the driven roller 32 is controlled within the range of 1.15:1 to 1.25:1, forming a suitable shear rate gradient between the two rollers. The resulting shear stress can effectively act on the weak interface layer between mortar and aggregate in the concrete. This velocity ratio range is determined based on the principles of shear mechanics and the analysis of concrete material properties.

[0068] Specifically, when there is a difference in linear velocity between the driving roller 31 and the driven roller 32, the concrete block is subjected to differential shearing as it passes between the rollers. Due to the different strength and deformation characteristics of mortar and aggregate, failure first occurs at the interface under shear stress. A speed ratio of 1.15:1 to 1.25:1 produces a moderate shear strain rate, which can effectively destroy the mortar-aggregate interface while avoiding excessive damage to the aggregate itself. When the linear velocity of the driving roller 31 is 2.5 m / s and the linear velocity of the driven roller 32 is 2.1 m / s, the speed ratio is 1.19:1. When processing waste C25 concrete pavement material, testing revealed that in the 5-20 mm particle size recycled aggregate produced, the mortar adhesion rate on the aggregate surface decreased to below 8%, while the crushing value of the aggregate increased by only 2%, indicating that the aggregate strength was well protected while effectively removing the mortar.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, by precisely controlling the ratio of the linear speed of the active roller 31 to the driven roller 32 within the range of 1.15:1 to 1.25:1, the selective destruction of the mortar-aggregate interface is achieved by utilizing the shearing effect generated by the differential speed. Compared with the constant speed crushing method, differential shearing significantly improves the mortar stripping efficiency while reducing damage to the aggregate, thus realizing the preparation of high-quality recycled aggregate.

[0070] In some embodiments, the driven roller 32 is provided with a retraction mechanism 36, which includes: a bearing housing 361, through which the driven roller 32 is mounted in the housing 1; a hydraulic retraction assembly 362, connected to the bearing housing 361, for driving the bearing housing 361 and the driven roller 32 to move in a direction away from the driving roller 31, the hydraulic retraction assembly 362 including an energy storage hydraulic cylinder, a high-pressure nitrogen accumulator connected to the energy storage hydraulic cylinder and a fast pressure relief valve; a control system 363 and a current detection device 364, the current detection device 364 for detecting the motor current driving the driving roller 31 and the driven roller 32, and when the motor current exceeds a preset threshold, the control system 363 controls the fast pressure relief valve to open.

[0071] In this invention, the retraction mechanism 36 configured on the driven roller 32 achieves intelligent overload protection through the coordinated operation of the bearing housing 361, the hydraulic retraction assembly 362, the control system 363, and the current detection device 364. The bearing housing 361 enables the driven roller 32 to move radially while maintaining axial parallelism. The hydraulic retraction assembly 362 provides controllable preload and rapid retraction capability. The current detection device 364 monitors the load status in real time, and the control system 363 automatically triggers protection actions based on the detection signal.

[0072] Specifically, the current detection device 364 continuously monitors the motor current driving the active roller 31 and the driven roller 32. When encountering an unbreakable hard foreign object, the motor load increases sharply, causing the current to exceed the preset threshold. The control system 363 immediately controls the quick-release valve to open, causing the accumulator hydraulic cylinder to quickly depressurize. Under the action of the high-pressure nitrogen accumulator, the driven roller 32 quickly retreats to make way. The accumulator hydraulic cylinder provides a stable clamping force during normal operation, and the high-pressure nitrogen accumulator not only stores pressure energy but also provides a buffering effect. When processing waste concrete mixed with reinforcing bars, the motor current rises from the normal operating current of 45A to the set threshold of 80A the instant a 12mm diameter reinforcing bar enters the rollers. The current detection device 364 detects the abnormality within 0.1 seconds and triggers the control system 363. The quick-release valve opens, causing the driven roller 32 to retreat 15mm within 0.3 seconds, preventing the reinforcing bar from getting stuck and the equipment from being damaged. After the foreign object passes, the system automatically resets and continues to operate normally.

[0073] In some embodiments, a material guide plate 4 is also included. The material guide plate 4 is disposed between the matrix self-compensating primary crushing module 2 and the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3, and is used to guide the primary crushed material into the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3.

[0074] In this invention, the material guide plate 4 is set between the matrix self-compensating primary crushing module 2 and the differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module 3. Designed according to the material movement trajectory and gravity flow characteristics, it orderly guides the irregular concrete blocks produced by the upper crushing stage into the optimal working area of ​​the lower processing module, realizing the efficient connection of the two-stage processing process.

[0075] Specifically, the tilt angle and surface shape of the material guide plate 4 are determined according to the flow characteristics of the concrete block, ensuring that the material enters the differential flexible kneading and peeling module 3 at an appropriate speed and posture. The presence of the guide plate avoids the disorderly falling and irregular accumulation of materials under the action of gravity, reduces mutual collisions and energy loss between materials, and ensures the effect of subsequent kneading and peeling treatment.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, when processing initial crushed concrete with a particle size of 50-100mm, the material guide plate 4 is set at a 35° inclination angle, so that the concrete block can smoothly slide into the working area between the active roller 31 and the driven roller 32, avoiding material jumping and impact. Tests have shown that the equipment with the guide plate has a processing capacity that is about 20% higher than that without the guide plate, and the product particle size distribution is more uniform.

[0077] It should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., mentioned in the specification indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0078] It should be readily understood that “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on something” but also “on something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0079] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0081] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment, characterized in that, include: The machine casing (1) has a crushing chamber (11) inside and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet on the machine casing (1). A matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module (2) is disposed in the upper region of the crushing chamber (11). The matrix-type self-compensating primary crushing module (2) includes a movable jaw plate (21) and a stationary jaw base (22) disposed opposite to each other. The stationary jaw base (22) has multiple sliding grooves (221) on the side facing the movable jaw plate (21). Wear-resistant armor blocks (23) are slidably installed in the multiple sliding grooves (221). A wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism (24) is provided at the end of the multiple wear-resistant armor blocks (23) away from the opening of the sliding grooves (221). The differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module (3) is disposed in the crushing chamber (11) and located below the matrix self-compensating primary crushing module (2). The differential speed flexible kneading and peeling module (3) includes an active roller (31) and a driven roller (32) rotating in opposite directions. The linear velocity of the active roller (31) is greater than the linear velocity of the driven roller (32).

2. The waste concrete recycling material processing and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism (24) includes: A sliding wedge (241) is fixedly connected to one end of the wear-resistant armor block (23) away from the opening of the sliding groove (221); The locking wedge (242) is slidably disposed within the stationary jaw base (22); The drive unit (243) is used to drive the locking wedge (242) to move so that the locking wedge (242) pushes the sliding wedge (241) through the inclined surface contact, thereby pushing the wear-resistant armor block (23) towards the groove of the sliding groove (221) for feed compensation.

3. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inclined contact angle between the sliding wedge (241) and the locking wedge (242) is 5° to 7°, so that the sliding wedge (241) and the locking wedge (242) meet the mechanical self-locking condition.

4. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stationary jaw base (22) is provided with a dovetail guide groove (222), the locking wedge (242) is slidably disposed in the dovetail guide groove (222), and the drive unit (243) is a miniature hydraulic servo cylinder installed on the side wall of the stationary jaw base (22).

5. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped self-locking bearing mechanism (24) further includes a preload spring (244), which is disposed in the sliding groove (221) and abuts against the sliding wedge (241) to maintain a preload force between the sliding wedge (241) and the locking wedge (242).

6. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dustproof sealing structure (231) is provided between two adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks (23).

7. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dustproof sealing structure (231) includes multiple layers of corrugated spring steel sheets, one end of each corrugated spring steel sheet is fixed to one of the wear-resistant armor blocks (23), and the other end is elastically attached to the adjacent wear-resistant armor blocks (23).

8. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the active roller (31) and the driven roller (32) are provided with a composite roller surface structure, which includes a metal roller core (33), rigid protrusions (34) provided on the surface of the metal roller core (33), and a flexible elastomer (35) filled between adjacent rigid protrusions (34).

9. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rigid protrusion (34) is a hard alloy corrugated tooth, and the flexible elastomer (35) is a polyurethane elastomer.

10. The waste concrete recycling processing and crushing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer surface of the polyurethane elastomer is 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm below the tooth tip of the hard alloy corrugated tooth.

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