Multi-stage sorting device and method for live bait snails and carcasses in the culture of broad-bodied golden thread leeches

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage separation device and method for live and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches, comprising: a pump-suction transmission structure for centrally acquiring snails to be separated; a floating-sinking separation structure connected to the pump-suction transmission structure, which receives live and dead snails and performs floating-sinking separation based on the difference in their weight and buoyancy; a floating snail aggregation structure connected to the floating-sinking separation structure, which receives and quantitatively accumulates live and dead snails in a floating state; a vibrating sieve assembly connected to the floating snail aggregation structure, capable of outputting snails of specific sizes; and a differential speed separation structure connected to the vibrating sieve assembly, capable of differential speed separation based on the water flow velocity in the pipeline and the size of the snails. This invention achieves timely and efficient separation of live and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches, avoiding the long-term accumulation and spoilage of dead snails, and solving the technical problem of environmental pollution in existing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and more specifically, to a multi-stage sorting device and method for live bait snails and carcasses in the culture of broad-bodied golden leeches. Background Technology

[0002] The broad-bodied golden-thread leech is a traditional Chinese medicine listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, possessing extremely high medicinal value. After processing, its dried form can effectively treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia, stroke, and cerebral infarction, making it a sought-after medicinal material. Due to its high medicinal value and large market demand, relying solely on catching wild individuals can no longer meet the growing need, necessitating research into artificial breeding techniques. Therefore, the broad-bodied golden-thread leech has become an important new species in aquaculture. This type of leech does not feed on the blood of vertebrates but primarily feeds on the body fluids of mollusks such as snails, clams, and mussels, hence its figurative name, "golden leech born from water."

[0003] In existing technologies, the broad-bodied golden thread leech feeds only on the soft parts of prey snails, making it difficult to separate the snail remains from the live snails in a timely and efficient manner. This leads to the prolonged accumulation and spoilage of the remains, causing water pollution. Furthermore, it disperses tiny particles of low-grade fatty amines as aerosols in the farming area, producing an unpleasant odor. These low-grade fatty amines are harmful to the broad-bodied golden thread leech farming. Due to the broad-bodied golden thread leech's feeding habits and unique feeding method, it further complicates drug administration during disease prevention and control. Therefore, based on the strategy of shifting the disease control focus forward, timely and efficient separation of live snails from their remains is an effective way to control diseases.

[0004] Currently, the grassroots aquaculture industry, a traditional labor-intensive industry, is gradually transforming into a technology-intensive one. Developing a multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and their remains can reduce the incidence of broad-bodied golden leeches, increase aquaculture efficiency, reduce the burden on workers, and improve productivity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this issue, the present invention provides a multi-stage sorting device and method for live bait snails and their remains in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art where it is difficult to separate live bait snails and their remains in a timely and efficient manner during the cultivation process, which leads to the easy accumulation and spoilage of the remains, thus polluting the cultivation environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-stage sorting device for live and dead snails used in the farming of broad-bodied golden thread leeches includes: The pump suction conduction structure centrally acquires both live and residual snails to be sorted; The floating and sinking sorting structure has its input end connected to the pump suction conduction structure, and the floating and sinking sorting structure receives the live snails and debris to be sorted and sorts them by floating and sinking based on the difference between their own weight and buoyancy. A floating snail aggregating structure is connected to the output end of the floating and sinking sorting structure, and the floating snail aggregating structure can receive and quantitatively accumulate live snails and snail remains in the floating state; The vibrating sieve assembly is connected to the output end of the floating screw agglomeration structure, and the vibrating sieve assembly can output screws of specific specifications respectively; The differential sorting structure is connected to the output end of the vibrating screen assembly in a closed manner, and the differential sorting structure has an adjustable closed valve. The differential sorting structure can receive live and dead snails of specific specifications and perform differential sorting based on the water flow speed in the pipeline and the specifications of the snails.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention is further described as follows: As a further aspect of the present invention The pump suction conduction structure includes a first self-falling inclined pipe and a driving pump suction head; The first self-falling inclined tube extends obliquely as a whole, and the upper end of the first self-falling inclined tube is connected and assembled with the suction head of the drive pump. The floating and sinking separation structure includes a separation chamber and a flotation liquid chamber; The sorting chamber is provided with a flotation liquid chamber inside, and the lower end of the first self-falling inclined tube is connected to the middle position of the flotation liquid chamber of the sorting chamber. The sorting chamber contains an auxiliary flotation liquid of a specific concentration based on the flotation chamber.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention The first self-falling inclined pipe is provided with a first water-filtering bottom screen at its upper bottom end; The lower side of the first filter screen is higher than the internal liquid level of the flotation chamber.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention The floating screw aggregation structure includes a second self-falling inclined tube, a self-falling longitudinal tube body, and a first intercepting valve body; The second self-falling inclined tube extends obliquely as a whole, and its upper end is connected to the upper part of the flotation liquid chamber of the sorting chamber. The upper end of the second self-falling inclined tube is correspondingly positioned with respect to the internal liquid surface of the flotation liquid chamber. The self-falling longitudinal tube extends vertically, and its top end is connected to the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube. The first shut-off valve body is installed between the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube and the top end of the self-falling longitudinal tube.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: The water collection and circulation structure includes a water collection tank and a pump return pipe; The second self-falling inclined pipe is also provided with a second bottom filter screen at its lower end; The water collection tank is connected to the outlet end of the second filter screen via a pipeline, and the water collection tank is connected to the flotation chamber of the sorting bin via the pump return pipe, so as to construct an auxiliary flotation liquid self-circulation system to maintain the flotation liquid level.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention The differential sorting structure includes an extended guide pipe, a drive water pump, and an adaptive water replenishment pipe; The top side of the extended guide tube is connected and assembled with the bottom end of the self-falling longitudinal tube body; The output end of the drive water pump is connected and assembled with the starting end of the extension guide pipe. The adjustable closed valve of the differential sorting structure is set as the second cut-off valve body. The end of the extended guide pipe is sequentially equipped with the second cut-off valve body and the isolation screen along the water flow direction. The extended guide pipe forms a live screw accumulation cavity at the upstream end of the second cut-off valve body. The extended guide pipe forms a residual screw accumulation cavity between the second cut-off valve body and the isolation screen. The two ends of the adaptive water supply pipe are respectively connected and assembled with the downstream end of the barrier screen and the input end of the driving water pump.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: The pre-removal component specifically includes a microporous jet structure, an electro-filter grid structure, and a biomimetic removal structure; The micro-orifice jet structure includes several controllable water pressure array pipes, and the ends of the array pipes are respectively equipped with micro-orifice nozzles facing the outer side of the electrical filter grid structure. The electrical filter grid structure includes a forward filter grid assembly and two sets of lateral filter grid assemblies that are respectively and sequentially arranged on both sides of the forward filter grid assembly, and the enclosure area formed by the electrical filter grid structure is correspondingly arranged with the driving pump suction head of the pump suction conduction structure. The forward filter assembly and the lateral filter assembly have the same structure, both including a live screw blocking part, an electric field filter part and a top shielding part that are fixedly connected from bottom to top. The live snail blocking part is configured as a cylindrical structure located at the bottom. When the micro-orifice jet structure releases a specific pressure water flow, the live snail blocking part plays a role in displacing and blocking the self-displaced live snails and smaller live snails that are blown up. The electric field filter grid part is configured as a vertical channel filter grid structure located in the middle, so that the blown-up residual snails can pass through the channel of the electric field filter grid part and reach the enclosure area of ​​the electric filter grid structure. The electric field filter grid part is connected to a deflecting electric field through a circuit. The top shield is arranged laterally above the electric field filter to block excessively blown-up residual screws; The biomimetic expulsion structure is provided in several groups, and the several groups of biomimetic expulsion structures are distributed and fixed to the electrical filter grid structure, and the biomimetic expulsion structure outputs biomimetic vibration waves of snail predators.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention The vibrating screen assembly includes a grading vibrating screen plate, a collection hopper, and channel valves; The grading vibrating screen includes several sets of vibrating screens, which are arranged obliquely from top to bottom at the outlet end of the second self-falling inclined pipe corresponding to the first cut-off valve body, and each set of vibrating screens is equipped with a variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure. The collecting hopper and the channel valve are provided in several groups. The inlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers are respectively connected to the downward inclined ends of the several groups of vibrating screens. The outlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers are respectively connected to the self-falling longitudinal pipe. The several groups of channel valves are respectively installed at the outlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers. The drive water pump is configured with a frequency conversion structure, and the drive water pump is connected to the control output terminal of the electronic control module via a circuit. The control input terminal of the electronic control module is connected to several groups of channel valves via a circuit.

[0014] A method for multi-stage sorting of live and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches, based on the aforementioned multi-stage sorting device, includes the following steps: Collect live and dead snails for sorting. The floating and sinking separation process is completed based on the difference in self-weight and buoyancy between live and dead snails; The live snails and their remains that are in a floating state after completing the floating and sinking separation process are quantitatively accumulated, and their auxiliary floating liquid is filtered to build a self-circulating system to maintain the floating liquid level. The quantitatively accumulated live snails and their remains are simultaneously released into the differential speed sorting structure, which then drives the water flow and the live snails and their remains along the pipeline at a fixed time and speed to complete the differential speed sorting process.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention The process of centrally acquiring live and residual snails to be sorted specifically includes: The live and dead snails in the breeding area are concentratedly sucked up by the drive pump suction head in the pump suction conduction structure, and further guided to the first self-falling inclined pipe through the drive pump suction head; The floating and sinking sorting process based on the difference in self-weight and buoyancy between live and remaining snails specifically includes: The live and residual snails located in the first self-falling inclined tube automatically fall to the middle of the floating liquid chamber of the sorting bin in the floating and sinking sorting structure based on gravity. The live and residual snails, corresponding to the floating liquid chamber, complete the first-stage floating and sinking sorting process of the live and residual snails through the difference between their own weight and buoyancy. The process of quantitatively accumulating live snails and their remains in a floating state after completing the float-sink separation process, and filtering the auxiliary floating liquid to construct a self-circulating system to maintain the floating liquid level, specifically includes: In the first-stage floating and sinking separation process, the live snails and their residues in the floating position are automatically guided to the second self-falling inclined tube in the floating snail agglomeration structure, and the live snails and their residues received by the second self-falling inclined tube are quantitatively accumulated through the blocking effect of the first intercepting valve body. The spiral vibrating liquid accumulated in the second self-falling inclined tube is automatically filtered and assisted in flotation to the water collection tank of the water collection and circulation structure. The assisted flotation liquid is then pumped to the flotation chamber of the sorting compartment to build an assisted flotation liquid self-circulation system to maintain the flotation liquid level. The process of simultaneously releasing quantitatively accumulated live snails and their remains into a differential sorting structure, and then having the differential sorting structure drive the water flow and the live snails and their remains along the pipeline at a fixed time and speed to complete the differential sorting process, specifically includes: The differential sorting structure synchronously receives the live snails and debris accumulated in the second self-falling inclined pipe through the extended guide pipe, and drives the water flow at a fixed time and speed through the drive water pump in the differential sorting structure so that the live snails and debris accumulated in the extended guide pipe flow synchronously along the pipeline. Furthermore, by utilizing the difference in force and flow velocity between live and dead snails, differential sorting is carried out along the extended guide pipe. The slower-flowing live snails can be retained in the live snail collection chamber by the timed blocking effect of the second cutoff valve, while the faster-flowing dead snails can be retained in the dead snail collection chamber. Based on the floating snails collected after the floating and sinking sorting process, the differential sorting process is further completed.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This device and method effectively utilize the difference in weight and buoyancy between live snails and their residues to complete the floating and sinking separation process by combining a pump-suction conduction structure with a floating and sinking separation structure. Simultaneously, it can utilize a floating snail aggregation structure to receive and quantitatively aggregate the floating snails from the floating and sinking separation process. Furthermore, a water collection and circulation structure can effectively achieve automatic reflux circulation of the floating liquid corresponding to the floating snail aggregation structure. In addition, a differential speed separation structure can be used to further complete the differential speed separation process based on the floating snails aggregated after the floating and sinking separation process, utilizing the difference in force and flow velocity between live snails and their residues. This significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of separating live snails and their residues. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., drawn in this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read them. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall application status of the multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional implementation of the live and residual snail collection and discharge component in the multi-stage sorting device for live and residual snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall isometric structure of the pre-removal component in the multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and debris in the wide-body golden leech farming provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical filter grid structure of the pre-removal component in the multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and dead bodies in the wide-body golden leech farming provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vibrating sieve assembly in the multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and debris in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches provided in Embodiments 3 and 4 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the multi-level sorting method for live bait snails and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0025] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: Pump suction conduction structure 1: First self-falling inclined pipe 11, drive pump suction head 12, first filter bottom screen 13; Float-sink separation structure 2: separation chamber 21, flotation liquid chamber 22, agitation assembly 23, flotation storage chamber 24; Floating snail aggregation structure 3: second self-falling inclined tube 31, self-falling longitudinal tube body 32, first intercepting valve body 33, second filter bottom screen 34; Water collection and circulation structure 4: Water collection tank 41, pump return pipe 42; Differential sorting structure 5: extension guide pipe 51, drive water pump 52, second cut-off valve body 53, isolation screen 54, live screw collection chamber 55, live screw collection and discharge assembly 551, residual screw collection chamber 56, residual screw collection and discharge assembly 561, adaptive water supply pipe 57. Micro-orifice jet structure 6: pressurization main pipe 61, array branch pipe 62, micro-orifice nozzle 63, pressure control valve 64, positioning bend 65; Electrical filter structure 7: forward filter assembly 71, lateral filter assembly 72, live screw blocking part 73, electric field filter part 74, top shielding part 75, top mounting plate 76; Bionic expulsion structure 8; Vibrating screen assembly 9: grading vibrating screen disc 91, variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure 92, collection hopper 93, channel valve 94. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0028] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 2As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a multi-stage sorting device for live and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches. The device includes a pump-suction transmission structure 1, a floating-sinking sorting structure 2, a floating snail aggregation structure 3, a water collection and circulation structure 4, and a differential speed sorting structure 5. The pump-suction transmission structure 1 and the floating-sinking sorting structure 2 work together to effectively complete the floating-sinking sorting process by utilizing the difference in weight and buoyancy between the live and dead snails. Simultaneously, the floating snail aggregation structure 3 receives and quantitatively aggregates the floating snails from the floating-sinking sorting process. The water collection and circulation structure 4 effectively completes the automatic reflux circulation of the floating liquid corresponding to the floating snail aggregation structure 3. Furthermore, the differential speed sorting structure 5 further completes the differential speed sorting process based on the floating snails aggregated after the floating-sinking sorting process, utilizing the difference in force and flow velocity between the live and dead snails. This significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of sorting live and dead snails, improving the overall functionality and practicality. The specific settings are as follows: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pump suction conduction structure 1 includes a first self-falling inclined tube 11 and a drive pump suction head 12, and the floating sorting structure 2 includes a sorting chamber 21 and a floating liquid chamber 22. The first self-falling inclined tube 11 extends obliquely as a whole, and the upper end of the first self-falling inclined tube 11 is detachably connected to the drive pump suction head 12 for concentrating the suction of live snails and debris and transporting them to the first self-falling inclined tube 11. The drive pump suction head 12 can be, but is not limited to, a duckbill suction head, a cylindrical suction head, or a square suction head, to more flexibly adapt to different suction scenarios.

[0029] The sorting chamber 21 is provided with a flotation liquid chamber 22. The lower end of the first self-falling inclined tube 11 is connected to the middle position of the flotation liquid chamber 22 of the sorting chamber 21. The sorting chamber 21 contains an auxiliary flotation liquid of a specific concentration based on the flotation liquid chamber 22. The auxiliary flotation liquid can be, but is not limited to, a specific concentration of brine that meets the survival conditions of live snails. This allows the live snails and their remains from the first self-falling inclined tube 11 to automatically fall to the middle position of the flotation liquid chamber 22 of the sorting chamber 21 based on gravity. Furthermore, the difference between the weight and buoyancy of the live snails and their remains corresponding to the auxiliary flotation liquid can be used to complete the floating and sinking sorting process of the live snails and their remains.

[0030] The bottom side of the sorting chamber 21 is provided with a flotation storage tank 24 that is connected to the flotation liquid chamber 22. Specifically, the flotation storage tank 24 is connected to the sorting chamber 21 through a pump extraction pipeline and a return pipeline. Both the pump extraction pipeline and the return pipeline are equipped with valves to periodically extract the screws that are in the sinking position in the flotation liquid chamber 22 and to return the auxiliary flotation liquid extracted at the same time to the flotation liquid chamber 22, so that the liquid level inside the flotation liquid chamber 22 always tends to be relatively stable.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the first self-falling inclined tube 11 is provided with a first bottom filter screen 13 at its upper bottom end, so that the snails, debris and water sucked into the first self-falling inclined tube 11 can be automatically filtered by the first bottom filter screen 13, thereby significantly reducing the impact of aquaculture water entering the flotation chamber 22 on the buoyancy characteristics; the lower side of the first bottom filter screen 13 is higher than the internal liquid level of the flotation chamber 22, so as to prevent the auxiliary buoyancy liquid from flowing out of the first self-falling inclined tube 11.

[0032] As another preferred embodiment, the bottom of the sorting chamber 21 is also equipped with an agitation component 23. The rotational kinetic energy output end of the agitation component 23 is located at the bottom of the flotation chamber 22, so as to prevent snails and debris from accumulating excessively through the agitation component 23, thereby ensuring the efficiency of floating and sinking sorting.

[0033] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The floating snail agglomeration structure 3 includes a second self-falling inclined tube 31, a self-falling longitudinal tube body 32, and a first intercepting valve body 33; wherein, the second self-falling inclined tube 31 extends obliquely as a whole, and its upper end is connected to the upper part of the flotation liquid chamber 22 of the sorting bin 21, and the upper end of the second self-falling inclined tube 31 is correspondingly positioned with respect to the internal liquid surface of the flotation liquid chamber 22, so as to receive the live snails and their remains in the floating position from the first-stage floating and sinking sorting process through the second self-falling inclined tube 31; The self-falling longitudinal tube 32 extends vertically, and its top end is connected to the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube 31. The first shut-off valve 33 is installed between the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube 31 and the top end of the self-falling longitudinal tube 32. The first shut-off valve 33 blocks the flow of the screws and debris received by the second self-falling inclined tube 31, allowing them to accumulate in a quantitative manner. Furthermore, the first shut-off valve 33 allows the quantitatively accumulated screws and debris to enter the differential sorting process simultaneously.

[0034] The second self-falling inclined tube 31 is also provided with a second bottom filter screen 34 at its lower end. The water collection and circulation structure 4 includes a water collection tank 41 and a pump return pipe 42. The water collection tank 41 is connected to the outlet end of the second bottom filter screen 34 via a pipeline so that the snails and debris that accumulate in the second self-falling inclined tube 31 can be automatically filtered into the water collection tank 41. The water collection tank 41 is connected to the flotation chamber 22 of the sorting bin 21 via the pump return pipe 42 to construct an auxiliary flotation liquid self-circulation system to maintain the height of the flotation liquid level.

[0035] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The differential sorting structure 5 includes an extended guide pipe 51, a drive water pump 52, a second cutoff valve body 53, and a barrier screen 54. The top of the extended guide pipe 51 is connected to the bottom of the self-falling longitudinal pipe 32 to synchronously receive the quantitatively accumulated snails and debris from the second self-falling inclined pipe 31. The output end of the drive water pump 52 is connected to the starting end of the extended guide pipe 51 to drive the water flow at a fixed time and speed, so that the quantitatively accumulated snails and debris flow synchronously along the pipe when they fall into the extended guide pipe 51. The end of the extended guide pipe 51 is sequentially equipped with the second cutoff valve body 53 along the water flow direction. The valve body 53 and the isolation screen 54 are connected, and the extended guide pipe 51 forms a live snail collection cavity 55 at the upstream end of the second shut-off valve body 53. The extended guide pipe 51 forms a residual snail collection cavity 56 between the second shut-off valve body 53 and the isolation screen 54. This is used to further perform differential speed sorting along the extended guide pipe 51 by the difference in force and flow velocity between live and residual snails. The second shut-off valve body 53 can effectively retain the live snails with slower flow velocity to the live snail collection cavity 55 by timed blocking effect, while the residual snails with faster flow velocity can be retained to the residual snail collection cavity 56. Based on the floating snails collected after the floating and sinking sorting process, the differential speed sorting process is further completed, which significantly improves the overall sorting accuracy.

[0036] The top side of the live snail collection cavity 55 is connected to a live snail collection and discharge assembly 551, and the top side of the residual snail collection cavity 56 is connected to a residual snail collection and discharge assembly 561. Both the live snail collection and discharge assembly 551 and the residual snail collection and discharge assembly 561 are pipelines with valves and connected to collection and discharge storage cavities, which are used to further collect live snails or residual snails respectively through valve control.

[0037] An optional implementation plan is provided below. Figure 3 The top side of the live snail collecting cavity 55 is connected to a live snail collection and discharge pipe 551, and the top side of the residual snail collecting cavity 56 is connected to a residual snail collection and discharge pipe 561. This is to more effectively prevent the snails from falling downwards due to their own weight during operation by collecting and discharging them from the top side.

[0038] As another preferred embodiment, the differential sorting structure 5 further includes an adaptive water supply pipe 57. The two ends of the adaptive water supply pipe 57 are respectively connected to the downstream end of the barrier screen 54 and the input end of the drive water pump 52 to form a differential sorting system using the adaptive water supply pipe 57 for circulation and / or external water supply to maintain the flow rate of the sorting water.

[0039] Example 2 In Example 2, the same symbols are used for the same structures as in Example 1, and the same descriptions are omitted. Example 2 is an improvement on Example 1. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The aforementioned multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches also includes a pre-removal component.

[0040] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 The micro-orifice jet structure 6 includes a pressurization main pipe 61, array branch pipes 62, micro-orifice nozzles 63, pressure control valves 64, and positioning bends 65. The pressurization main pipe 61 serves as the main water supply pipe, responsible for delivering high-pressure water. A pressure control valve 64 is installed on it to regulate the water pressure and flow rate, ensuring the water flow can flexibly meet the separation requirements of screws of different specifications. Several array branch pipes 62 are provided, and these branch pipes are connected to the end of the pressurization main pipe 61 via the positioning bends 65. The positioning bend 65 serves to guide and stabilize the array branch pipes 62, while the array branch pipes 62 effectively ensure uniform water flow distribution to fully cover the target area. Micro-orifice nozzles 63 are installed at the ends of several array branch pipes 62, respectively, to spray water at specific pressures to initially separate the pumped snails. This achieves the goal of blowing up lighter snail remains while preventing heavier live snails from being blown away, keeping the live snails at the bottom, thus completing the pre-separation of live and dead snails.

[0041] More specifically, the orifice diameter of the micro-orifice nozzle 63 is set to a range of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and the spray angle of the micro-orifice nozzle 63 is set to a range of 30° to 60°. This allows for flexible adjustment of the specific spray position towards the outer side of the electrostatic filter structure as needed, thereby making it more suitable for snails at different growth stages.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The electrical filter structure 7 is configured as a C-shaped structure. The C-shaped electrical filter structure 7 includes a forward filter assembly 71 and two sets of lateral filter assemblies 72 respectively connected to each other on both sides of the forward filter assembly 71. The enclosure area formed by the C-shaped electrical filter structure 7 is correspondingly arranged between the pump suction head 12 of the pump suction conduction structure 1 and the forward filter assembly 71 is located in the pump suction direction directly opposite to the pump suction head 12.

[0043] Specifically, the forward filter assembly 71 and the lateral filter assembly 72 have the same structure, both including a live screw blocking part 73, an electric field filter part 74, and a top shielding part 75 that are fixedly connected from bottom to top. The live screw blocking part 73 is configured as a cylindrical structure at the bottom. When the micro-orifice jet structure 6 releases water at a specific pressure, the live screw blocking part 73 can effectively block the displacement of live screws and smaller live screws that are blown up. The electric field filter part 74 is configured as a vertical channel filter structure in the middle. The electric field filter part 74 is connected to a driving electric field with a driving electric field strength of 5~10V / cm through an electrical circuit. This is used to further drive away live screws through the electric field, while allowing blown-up residual screws to pass through the channel of the electric field filter part 74 and reach the enclosure area of ​​the electric filter structure 7.

[0044] The top shielding part 75 is laterally positioned above the electric field filter section 74 to block excessively blown residual screws to a certain extent, allowing the residual screws to pass through the channel of the electric field filter section 74 more efficiently.

[0045] More specifically, the top shielding portion 75 may adopt, but is not limited to, a filter grid structure, and the filter grid channel width of the top shielding portion 75 is smaller than the channel width of the electric field filter grid portion 74.

[0046] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 4 The top shielding part 75 has a top mounting plate 76 fixedly connected to its inner side for distributively installing the bionic repelling structure 8. Specifically, the bionic repelling structure 8 is provided in several groups, and the several groups of bionic repelling structures 8 are distributedly fixed to the top mounting plate 76. The bionic repelling structure 8 is configured as a vibration generator with a vibrating plate. The vibration generator outputs vibration waves with a frequency range of 50Hz~100Hz to simulate the vibration pulse signal of snail predators and output bionic vibration waves of snail predators to further assist in repelling live snails in various directions, so as to enhance the repelling effect on live snails.

[0047] The installation spacing of several sets of the biomimetic dispersing structures 8 is 10cm~15cm, so as to ensure that the vibration wave forms a uniform coverage in the target area, further improving the separation effect of live snails and snail remains.

[0048] The working process of the pre-removal component is as follows: First, the micro-orifice jet structure 6 is activated, and the pressure control valve 64 adjusts the water pressure and flow rate. The water flows through the pressurization main pipe 61 into the positioning bend pipe 65, and then through the array distribution pipe 62 to each micro-orifice nozzle 63. The micro-orifice nozzle 63 sprays water at a specific pressure to blow up the lighter residual snails, while the heavier live snails remain at the bottom due to their larger mass, thus achieving the initial separation of live and residual snails. Subsequently, the live screw blocking part 73 blocks smaller live screws that have shifted on their own or been blown up, preventing them from entering the sorting channel; the electric field filter part 74 further drives away the live screws by dispersing the electric field, while allowing blown-up residual screws to pass through; the top shielding part 75 plays a certain role in blocking excessively blown-up residual screws, allowing residual screws to pass through the channel of the electric field filter part 74 more efficiently and reach the suction area of ​​the drive pump suction head 12; Finally, the biomimetic expulsion structure 8 outputs biomimetic vibration waves from snail predators, further expelling live snails from all directions. Throughout the process, the coordinated action of all components significantly improves the separation effect between live and dead snails.

[0049] Example 3 In Example 3, the same symbols are used for structures identical to those in Examples 1-2, and the same descriptions are omitted. Example 3 is an improvement on Example 1; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The aforementioned live and residual snail sorting device further includes a vibrating screen assembly 9. Specifically, the vibrating screen assembly 9 includes a grading vibrating screen disc 91, a variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure 92, a collection hopper 93, and a channel valve 94. The grading vibrating screen disc 91 includes several sets of vibrating screen discs, which are arranged obliquely from top to bottom at the outlet end of the second self-falling inclined pipe 31 corresponding to the first cut-off valve body 33. The several sets of vibrating screen discs are respectively driven and equipped with the variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure 92, so as to realize the effective sorting of snails of specific specifications by several sets of vibrating screen discs at different specific vibration frequencies through the variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure 92.

[0050] Both the collecting troughs 93 and the channel valves 94 are provided in several sets. The inlet ends of the several sets of collecting troughs 93 are respectively connected to the downward-sloping ends of the several sets of vibrating screens. The outlet ends of the several sets of collecting troughs 93 are respectively connected to the self-falling longitudinal pipe body 32. The several sets of channel valves 94 are respectively installed at the outlet ends of the several sets of collecting troughs 93. This allows the different specifications of snails after sorting to fall into different collecting troughs 93. The channel valves 94 can be used to regulate the further conveying of snails of the same specification to the self-falling longitudinal pipe body 32. This makes it easier for specific snails of the same specification to be concentrated and completed in subsequent sorting processes.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 7 The present invention also provides a method for sorting live snails and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches using the above-mentioned multi-stage sorting device for feed snails and dead snails, specifically including the following steps: S1: Collect live and dead snails to be sorted; The specific process is as follows: the live snails and their remains in the breeding area are concentratedly sucked up by the drive pump suction head 12 in the pump suction conduction structure 1, and further transported to the first self-falling inclined pipe 11 through the drive pump suction head 12; S2: The floating and sinking sorting process is completed based on the difference in self-weight and buoyancy between live and dead snails; The specific process is as follows: the live snails and their remnants located in the first self-falling inclined tube 11 automatically fall to the middle position of the floating liquid cavity 22 of the sorting bin 21 in the floating sorting structure 2 based on gravity, and the live snails and their remnants complete the floating and sinking sorting process of the live snails and their remnants by the difference between their own weight and buoyancy in the floating liquid cavity 22. The specific process based on the difference between the self-weight and buoyancy of the snail and its remains includes: Introducing the buoyancy formula ①: F 浮 =ρ 液 g V 排 In the formula: F 浮 ρ represents buoyancy. 液 V represents the density of the liquid, g is the acceleration due to gravity (usually taken as 9.8 N / kg or 10 N / kg), and V is the velocity of gravity. 排 It is the volume of liquid displaced by the spiral body; Gravity formula ②: G=m g In the formula: G represents gravity, m is the mass of the object, and g is the gravitational acceleration; When F 浮 When the value is greater than G, the screw floats upwards; Substituting the buoyancy formula ① and the gravity formula ② into this condition, we get: ρ 液 g V 排 >m g, further derived, the buoyancy condition is: ρ 液 V 排 >m; Therefore, for objects of the same volume, the smaller the mass, the easier it is to meet the buoyancy condition; at the same time, for objects of the same mass, the larger the volume, the easier it is to meet the buoyancy condition. This leads to the conclusion that, for snails of the same volume, a residual snail is lighter than a live snail and is more likely to meet the buoyancy requirement. However, for snails of the same mass, a larger snail is more likely to meet the buoyancy requirement. For example, a large residual snail is more likely to float than a large live snail, and a small residual snail is more likely to float than a small live snail. The overall probability of buoyancy is: small residual snail > large residual snail > large live snail > small live snail. S3: The snails and their remains that are in a floating state after completing the floating and sinking separation process are quantitatively accumulated, and their auxiliary floating liquid is filtered to build a self-circulating system to maintain the floating liquid level. The specific process is as follows: the live snails and their residues in the floating position during the floating and sinking separation process are automatically guided to the second self-falling inclined tube 31 in the floating snail agglomeration structure 3, and the live snails and their residues received by the second self-falling inclined tube 31 are quantitatively accumulated through the blocking effect of the first intercepting valve body 33. The amount of spiral live and residual liquid that accumulates in the second self-falling inclined tube 31 is automatically filtered to assist the floating liquid to the water collection tank 41 of the water collection and circulation structure 4, and then the auxiliary floating liquid is pumped to the floating liquid chamber 22 of the sorting chamber 21 to build an auxiliary floating liquid self-circulation system to maintain the floating liquid level. S4: The quantitatively accumulated live snails and their remains are simultaneously released to the vibrating sieve assembly 9, which then groups snails of different specifications. The specific process is as follows: the quantitatively accumulated live snails and their residues are simultaneously released to several sets of vibrating screens in the vibrating screen assembly 9. The variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure 92 enables the several sets of vibrating screens to sort snails of specific specifications at different specific vibration frequencies. The sorted snails of different specifications fall into different collection hoppers 93, and the channel valve 94 regulates the snails of the same specification to be further transported to the self-falling longitudinal pipe body 32, thereby further realizing the centralized completion of subsequent sorting processes for snails of specific specifications. S5: The grouped live and dead snails of the same specification are released into the differential speed sorting structure 5, and the differential speed sorting structure 5 drives the water flow and the live and dead snails along the pipeline to complete the differential speed sorting process at a fixed time and speed. The specific process is as follows: The extended guide pipe 51 in the differential speed sorting structure 5 synchronously receives live and dead snails of the same specification from the falling longitudinal pipe body 32, and the drive water pump 52 in the differential speed sorting structure 5 drives the water flow at a fixed time and speed so that when the quantitatively accumulated live and dead snails fall into the extended guide pipe 51, they flow synchronously along the pipeline. Then, the difference in force and flow velocity of the live and dead snails is used to further perform differential sorting along the extended guide pipe 51. With the help of the timed blocking effect of the second cut-off valve body 53, the live snails with slower flow velocity are retained in the live snail collection chamber 55, while the dead snails with faster flow velocity are retained in the dead snail collection chamber 56. Based on the floating and sinking sorting and the same specification screening process, the snails are further sorted by different speed. The specific principles underlying the difference in force and flow velocity between the live and residual snails include: Introducing acceleration formula ③ F=m a In the formula: F represents the force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration; Therefore, for objects subjected to the same force, the smaller the mass of the object, the greater its overall acceleration.

[0052] Example 4 In Example 4, the same symbols are used for structures identical to those in Examples 1-3, and the same descriptions are omitted. Example 4 is an improvement on Example 3. Both the agitator 23 and the drive pump 52 are configured as frequency converters. The agitator 23 is connected to the control output terminal of the electronic control module via a circuit to adapt to snails at different growth stages and improve the floating and sinking separation effect. The drive pump 52 is connected to the control output terminal of the electronic control module via a circuit. The control input terminal of the electronic control module is connected to several sets of channel valves 94 via a circuit to realize the automatic control of the opening and closing state of the channel valves 94. According to the specific specifications of snails output by the channel valves 94, the kinetic energy output frequency of the agitator 23 and the drive pump 52 is automatically adjusted, which significantly improves the overall separation effect.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sorting device for live and dead snails used in the farming of broad-bodied golden leeches, characterized in that, include: The pump suction conduction structure centrally acquires the snails to be sorted; The floating and sinking sorting structure has its input end connected to the pump suction conduction structure, and the floating and sinking sorting structure can receive live snails and debris to be sorted and sort them by floating and sinking based on the difference between their own weight and buoyancy. A floating snail aggregating structure is connected to the output end of the floating and sinking sorting structure, and the floating snail aggregating structure receives and quantitatively accumulates live snails and snail remains in the floating state; The vibrating sieve assembly is connected to the output end of the floating screw agglomeration structure, and the vibrating sieve assembly can output screws of specific specifications respectively; The differential sorting structure is connected to the output end of the vibrating screen assembly in a closed manner, and the differential sorting structure has an adjustable closed valve. The differential sorting structure can receive live and dead snails of specific specifications and perform differential sorting based on the water flow speed in the pipeline and the specifications of the snails.

2. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump suction conduction structure includes a first self-falling inclined pipe and a driving pump suction head; The first self-falling inclined tube extends obliquely as a whole, and the upper end of the first self-falling inclined tube is connected and assembled with the suction head of the drive pump. The floating and sinking separation structure includes a separation chamber and a flotation liquid chamber; The sorting chamber is provided with a flotation liquid chamber inside, and the lower end of the first self-falling inclined tube is connected to the middle part of the flotation liquid chamber of the sorting chamber. The sorting chamber contains an auxiliary flotation liquid of a specific concentration based on the flotation chamber.

3. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first self-falling inclined pipe is provided with a first water-filtering bottom screen at its upper bottom end; The lower side of the first filter screen is higher than the internal liquid level of the flotation chamber.

4. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floating screw aggregation structure includes a second self-falling inclined tube, a self-falling longitudinal tube body, and a first intercepting valve body; The second self-falling inclined tube extends obliquely as a whole, and the upper end of the second self-falling inclined tube is connected to the output end of the upper part of the flotation liquid chamber of the sorting chamber. The upper end of the second self-falling inclined tube is correspondingly positioned with respect to the internal liquid surface of the flotation liquid chamber. The self-falling longitudinal tube extends vertically, and its top end is connected to the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube. The first shut-off valve body is installed between the lower end of the second self-falling inclined tube and the top end of the self-falling longitudinal tube.

5. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The water collection and circulation structure includes a water collection tank and a pump return pipe; The second self-falling inclined pipe is also provided with a second bottom filter screen at its lower end; The water collection tank is connected to the outlet end of the second filter screen via a pipeline, and the water collection tank is connected to the flotation chamber of the sorting bin via the pump return pipe, so as to construct an auxiliary flotation liquid self-circulation system to maintain the flotation liquid level.

6. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential sorting structure includes an extended guide pipe, a drive water pump, and an adaptive water replenishment pipe; The top side of the extended guide tube is connected and assembled with the bottom end of the self-falling longitudinal tube body; The output end of the drive water pump is connected and assembled with the starting end of the extension guide pipe. The adjustable closed valve of the differential sorting structure is set as the second cut-off valve body. The second cut-off valve body and the isolation screen are sequentially assembled at the end of the extended guide pipe along the water flow direction. The extended guide pipe forms a live screw accumulation cavity at the upstream end of the second cut-off valve body. The extended guide pipe forms a residual screw accumulation cavity between the second cut-off valve body and the isolation screen. The two ends of the adaptive water supply pipe are respectively connected and assembled with the downstream end of the barrier screen and the input end of the driving water pump.

7. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The pre-removal component specifically includes a microporous jet structure, an electro-filter grid structure, and a biomimetic removal structure; The micro-orifice jet structure includes several controllable water pressure array-type branch pipes, and the ends of the several array-type branch pipes are respectively equipped with micro-orifice nozzles facing the outer side of the electro-filter structure. The electrical filter grid structure includes a forward filter grid assembly and two sets of lateral filter grid assemblies that are respectively and sequentially arranged on both sides of the forward filter grid assembly, and the enclosure area formed by the electrical filter grid structure is correspondingly arranged with the driving pump suction head of the pump suction conduction structure. The forward filter assembly and the lateral filter assembly have the same structure, both including a live screw blocking part, an electric field filter part and a top shielding part that are fixedly connected from bottom to top. The live snail blocking part is configured as a cylindrical structure located at the bottom. When the micro-orifice jet structure releases a specific pressure water flow, the live snail blocking part plays a role in displacing and blocking the self-displaced live snails and smaller live snails that are blown up. The electric field filter grid part is configured as a vertical channel filter grid structure located in the middle, so that the blown-up residual snails can pass through the channel of the electric field filter grid part and reach the enclosure area of ​​the electric filter grid structure. The electric field filter grid part is connected to a deflecting electric field through a circuit. The top shield is arranged laterally above the electric field filter to block excessively blown-up residual screws; The biomimetic expulsion structure is provided in several groups, and the several groups of biomimetic expulsion structures are distributed and fixed to the electrical filter grid structure, and the biomimetic expulsion structure outputs the snail's natural enemy biomimetic vibration wave.

8. The multi-stage sorting device for live and dead bait snails in the cultivation of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibrating screen assembly includes a grading vibrating screen plate, a collection hopper, and channel valves; The grading vibrating screen includes several sets of vibrating screens, which are arranged obliquely from top to bottom at the outlet end of the second self-falling inclined pipe corresponding to the first cut-off valve body, and each set of vibrating screens is equipped with a variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure. The collecting hopper and the channel valve are provided in several groups. The inlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers are respectively connected to the downward-sloping ends of the several groups of vibrating screens. The outlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers are respectively connected to the self-falling longitudinal pipe. The several groups of channel valves are respectively installed at the outlet ends of the several groups of collecting hoppers.

9. A method for separating live bait snails and debris in the multi-stage sorting device for live bait snails and debris in the culture of broad-bodied golden leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect live and dead snails for sorting. The floating and sinking separation process is completed based on the difference in self-weight and buoyancy between live and dead snails; The live snails and their remains that are in a floating state after completing the floating and sinking separation process are quantitatively accumulated, and their auxiliary floating liquid is filtered to build a self-circulating system to maintain the floating liquid level. The quantitatively accumulated live snails and their residues are simultaneously released to the vibrating screening assembly, which separates snails of different sizes. The grouped live snails and their residues are then released to the differential speed sorting structure, which drives the water flow and the live snails and their residues along the pipeline at a fixed time and speed to complete the differential speed sorting process.

10. The method for separating live and dead bait snails according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of centrally acquiring live and remaining snails to be sorted specifically includes: The driving pump head in the pump suction transmission structure concentrates the live and dead snails in the breeding area and further transports them to the first self-falling inclined pipe; The floating and sinking sorting process based on the difference in self-weight and buoyancy between live and remaining snails specifically includes: The live and residual snails located in the first self-falling inclined tube automatically fall to the middle of the floating liquid chamber of the sorting bin in the floating and sinking sorting structure based on gravity. The live and residual snails, corresponding to the floating liquid chamber, complete the first-stage floating and sinking sorting process of the live and residual snails through the difference between their own weight and buoyancy. The process of quantitatively accumulating live and residual materials in a floating state after completing the float-sink separation process, and filtering the auxiliary floating liquid to construct a self-circulating system to maintain the floating liquid level, specifically includes: In the first-stage floating and sinking separation process, the live snails and their residues in the floating position are automatically guided to the second self-falling inclined tube in the floating snail agglomeration structure, and the live snails and their residues received by the second self-falling inclined tube are quantitatively accumulated through the blocking effect of the first intercepting valve body. The spiral vibrating liquid accumulated in the second self-falling inclined tube is automatically filtered and assisted in flotation to the water collection tank of the water collection and circulation structure. The assisted flotation liquid is then pumped to the flotation chamber of the sorting compartment to build an assisted flotation liquid self-circulation system to maintain the flotation liquid level. The process of simultaneously releasing quantitatively accumulated live and residual snails into a vibrating sieving assembly, which then groups snails of different sizes, specifically includes: The quantitatively accumulated live snails and their residues are simultaneously released to several sets of vibrating screens in the vibrating screening assembly. Through the variable frequency vibrating screen drive structure, the several sets of vibrating screens sort snails of specific specifications at different specific vibration frequencies. The sorted snails of different specifications fall into different collection hoppers, and the same specifications of snails are further transported to the self-falling longitudinal pipe body by the channel valve, so that the specific snails of the same specifications can be concentrated to complete the subsequent sorting process. The grouped live snails and their remains are released into a differential speed sorting structure, which then drives the water flow and the live snails and their remains along the pipeline at a fixed time and speed to complete the differential speed sorting process. Specifically, this includes: The differential sorting structure uses an extended guide pipe to simultaneously receive live and broken snails of the same specification falling into the longitudinal pipe. The differential sorting structure also uses a drive pump to drive the water flow at a fixed time and speed so that the quantitatively accumulated live and broken snails can flow synchronously along the pipeline when they fall into the extended guide pipe. By utilizing the difference in force and flow velocity between live and dead snails, differential sorting is further performed along the extended guide tube. The timed blocking effect of the second cutoff valve body can be used to retain the slower-flowing live snails in the live snail collection chamber, while the faster-flowing dead snails are retained in the dead snail collection chamber. Based on the floating and sinking sorting and the same specification screening process, the differential sorting process is further completed.

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