Smart meter

Abstract

This application relates to the field of smart meter technology, specifically to a smart meter designed to address the technical problem of reducing power consumption in smart meters, thereby ensuring product compliance and improving the product's green energy efficiency. To this end, the smart meter of this application includes a rectifier module, a DC power supply module, and a communication module. The rectifier module provides a first DC voltage to the DC power supply module. The DC power supply module includes a DC-DC converter; the fifth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the first DC voltage, and the sixth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the communication module, used to convert the first DC voltage into a third DC voltage to power the communication module. Through this configuration, the smart meter of this application has lower heat loss and higher conversion efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the power consumption of the smart meter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smart meter technology, specifically to a smart meter. Background Technology

[0002] Existing smart meters (especially those supporting remote communication functions such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and wireless M-BUS (Meter-Bus) often prioritize communication reliability and metering accuracy in their power management strategies during actual operation, neglecting overall power consumption control during long-term standby or light-load states. This is particularly problematic given the increasingly stringent EU energy efficiency certification standards, where traditional linear power supplies or non-optimized switching power supply solutions are insufficient. Furthermore, existing systems lack dynamic collaborative sleep mechanisms for multiple modules (metering, communication, display, and security chips), resulting in high static power consumption in each subsystem even during periods without data interaction, leading to energy waste and hindering European market access certification.

[0003] Accordingly, there is a need in the field for a new smart meter solution to address the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, this application is made to solve, or at least partially solve, the technical problem of how to reduce the power consumption of smart meters, thereby ensuring product compliance and improving the green energy efficiency of products.

[0005] In a first aspect, a smart meter is provided, comprising: a rectifier module, a DC power supply module, and a communication module; The rectifier module provides a first DC voltage to the DC power supply module; The DC power supply module includes a DC-DC converter; the fifth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the first DC voltage, and the sixth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the communication module, for converting the first DC voltage into a third DC voltage to power the communication module.

[0006] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the DC power supply module further includes a conversion enabling unit and an output feedback unit; The first terminal of the conversion enabling unit is connected to the first DC voltage; the second terminal of the conversion enabling unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the DC-DC converter. The first end of the output feedback unit is connected to the third end of the DC-DC converter; the second end of the output feedback unit is connected to the communication module.

[0007] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the DC power supply module further includes a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit; The first terminal of the first filter unit is connected to the first DC voltage; the second terminal of the first filter unit is grounded. The first end of the second filter unit is connected to the sixth end of the DC-DC converter; the second end of the second filter unit is connected to the first end of the DC-DC converter; and the third end of the second filter unit is connected to the communication module.

[0008] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the smart meter further includes a control module; the communication module includes a communication unit and an optocoupler unit; the seventh and eighth terminals of the communication unit are respectively connected to the first and second terminals of the communication interface of the smart meter; the first and fourth terminals of the communication unit are respectively connected to the fourth and sixth terminals of the optocoupler unit; the first and third terminals of the optocoupler unit are respectively connected to the first and second communication interfaces of the control module. The optocoupler unit includes a first optocoupler, a second optocoupler, and a third optocoupler; the primary side of the first optocoupler is connected to a first end of the communication unit; the secondary side of the first optocoupler is connected to a first communication interface of the control module; the first end of the primary side of the second optocoupler is connected to the I / O interface of the control module, and the secondary side of the second optocoupler is connected to a second end and a third end of the communication unit; the first end of the primary side of the third optocoupler is connected to a second communication interface of the control module.

[0009] In one technical solution of the aforementioned smart meter, under a preset working mode, the main frequency of the control module is lower than the preset frequency.

[0010] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the rectifier module includes a rectifier unit and an AC-DC conversion unit; The first terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first terminal of the power supply of the smart meter; the second terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the second terminal of the power supply of the smart meter; and the third terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit. The third terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit outputs a first DC voltage; The fourth terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit outputs a second DC voltage.

[0011] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the AC-DC conversion unit includes an AC-DC converter, an RCD absorption circuit, and a transformer circuit; The seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter are interconnected and then connected to the first terminal of the RCD snubber circuit; the second terminal of the RCD snubber circuit is connected to the third terminal of the rectifier unit and the first terminal of the transformer circuit. The second terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter; the third terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the first DC voltage; and the fourth terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the second DC voltage.

[0012] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the smart meter also includes a 4G power supply module and a 4G module; The first terminal of the 4G power supply module is connected to the first DC voltage; The second end of the 4G power supply module is connected to the 4G module.

[0013] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned smart meter, the 4G power supply module includes a DC voltage conversion unit, a third filtering unit, and a fourth filtering unit; The fourth terminal of the DC voltage conversion unit is connected to the first DC voltage through the third filter unit; The third terminal of the DC voltage conversion unit is connected to the 4G module through the fourth filter unit.

[0014] The above-described technical solutions of this application have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects: In implementing the smart meter technology solution provided in this application, the smart meter includes a rectifier module, a DC power supply module, and a communication module. The rectifier module provides a first DC voltage to the DC power supply module. The DC power supply module includes a DC-DC converter, with its fifth terminal connected to the first DC voltage and its sixth terminal connected to the communication module, used to convert the first DC voltage into a third DC voltage to power the communication module. Through this configuration, the smart meter of this application uses a DC power supply module and a DC-DC converter to achieve DC voltage conversion. Compared to the prior art scheme using an LDO (Low Dropout Linear Regulator) for DC voltage conversion, this method has lower heat loss and higher conversion efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the power consumption of the smart meter.

[0015] Furthermore, the optocoupler unit of the communication module in this application uses a common optocoupler to adapt to low-frequency signals, requiring only a small drive current to achieve stable light emission. Moreover, the output side uses a phototransistor, requiring no additional power supply and exhibiting low static power consumption. Therefore, the optocoupler unit of this application can further reduce the power consumption of smart meters.

[0016] Furthermore, the AC-DC conversion unit of the rectifier module in this application adopts a quasi-resonant control mode, which can effectively adapt to voltage fluctuations in the European power grid and maintain low switching losses over a wide input voltage range. Simultaneously, the AC-DC conversion unit ensures output stability, effectively balancing power consumption and performance under different load scenarios. Moreover, the AC-DC conversion unit can reduce transistor leakage current, lower static power consumption, reduce additional power consumption of external components, and improve overall conversion efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the 4G power supply module of this application uses a chip with low power consumption, which can effectively reduce static leakage power consumption. Combined with the DC power supply module, it can achieve dual power reduction function and effectively ensure the standby power consumption of the smart meter. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The disclosure of this application will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of a smart meter according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of a DC power supply module according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of a communication module according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of a rectifier unit according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of an AC-DC conversion unit according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main components of a 4G power supply module according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure label: 11: Rectifier module; 111: Rectifier unit; 112: AC-DC conversion unit; 12: DC power supply module; 13: Communication module; 131: Communication unit; 132: Optocoupler unit. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Some embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] See appendix Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structural components of a smart meter according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the smart meter mainly includes a rectifier module 11, a DC power supply module 12, and a communication module 13.

[0022] In this embodiment, the rectifier module 11 can provide a first DC voltage to the DC power supply module. The DC power supply module 12 may include a DC-DC converter; the fifth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the first DC voltage, and the sixth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the communication module 13, for converting the first DC voltage into a third DC voltage to power the communication module 13.

[0023] In one embodiment, the DC power supply module may further include a conversion enable unit and an output feedback unit.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first terminal of the conversion enable unit can be connected to a first DC voltage. The second terminal of the conversion enable unit can be connected to the fourth terminal of the DC-DC converter. The first terminal of the output feedback unit can be connected to the third terminal of the DC-DC converter. The second terminal of the output feedback unit can be connected to the communication module.

[0025] In one embodiment, the DC power supply module may further include a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first terminal of the first filter unit can be connected to the first DC voltage; the second terminal of the first filter unit can be grounded; the first terminal of the second filter unit can be connected to the sixth terminal of the DC-DC converter; the second terminal of the second filter unit can be connected to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter; and the third terminal of the second filter unit can be connected to the communication module.

[0027] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 UQ1 is the DC-DC converter. The first DC voltage, SPM+12V, is connected to pin 4 of UQ1 via RP2. One end of RP3 is connected to RP2, and the other end is connected to MGND. RP2 and RP3 form the conversion enable unit. SPM+12V is filtered through CP1 and CP2 and connected to pin 5 of the power chip. CP1 and CP2 form the first filtering unit. Pin 6 (SW) of UQ1 is connected to capacitor CP5. The other end of CP5 is connected to resistor RP1. The other end of resistor RP1 is connected to pin BST of UQ1. One end of inductor LP1 is connected to pin 6 of UQ1. The other end of inductor LP1 is connected to capacitors CP3 and CP4, outputting the third DC voltage M+5V to power the communication module. RP1, CP5, LP1, CP3, and CP4 form the second filtering unit. One end of RP6 is connected to M+5V, and the other end of RP5 is connected to pin FB of UQ1. RP4, RP5, and RP6 form the output feedback unit.

[0028] In one implementation, the communication module can be an RS485-based communication module.

[0029] In one embodiment, the smart meter may further include a control module; the communication module may include a communication unit and an optocoupler unit.

[0030] In this embodiment, the seventh and eighth terminals of the communication unit can be connected to the first and second terminals of the communication interface of the smart meter, respectively. The first and fourth terminals of the communication unit can be connected to the fourth and sixth terminals of the optocoupler unit, respectively. The first and third terminals of the optocoupler unit can be connected to the first and second communication interfaces of the control module, respectively.

[0031] In one implementation, the control module can be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit).

[0032] In one embodiment, the optocoupler unit may include a first optocoupler, a second optocoupler, and a third optocoupler.

[0033] In this embodiment, the primary side of the first optocoupler can be connected to the first end of the communication unit. The secondary side of the first optocoupler can be connected to the first communication interface of the control module. The first end of the primary side of the second optocoupler can be connected to the I / O interface of the control module. The secondary side of the second optocoupler can be connected to the second and third ends of the communication unit. The first end of the primary side of the third optocoupler can be connected to the second communication interface of the control module.

[0034] In one embodiment, the receiving end of at least one of the first, second, and third optocouplers is a phototransistor. That is, at least one of the first, second, and third optocouplers is a conventional optocoupler.

[0035] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the communication module may include a communication unit 131 and an optocoupler unit 132. Figure 3 In the diagram, A_1 and B_1 represent the first and second terminals of the smart meter's communication interface, respectively. M_RS485_RXD and M_RS485_TXD represent the first and second communication interfaces of the control module, respectively. DC1, DC4, and DC6 represent the first, second, and third optocouplers, respectively. M_RS485_DE / RE is the I / O interface of the control module. UC1 is the communication unit.

[0036] In this embodiment, TVS diode DC5 can be grounded and connected to the first terminal A_1 of the smart meter's communication interface. RC10 is pulled up to M+5V and connected to A_1. The second terminal B_1 of the smart meter's communication interface is connected to pin 7 of UC1 through thermistor RC5, and pulled down by RC6 and connected to pin 7 of UC1. Pin 8 of UC1 is connected to the power supply M+5V. Pin 5 of UC1 is connected to MGND. Pin 1 of UC1 is connected to the primary side of the first optocoupler DC1, and pins 2 and 3 of UC1 are connected to the secondary side of the second optocoupler DC4. Pin 4 of UC1 is connected to the collector of transistor QC2. The secondary side of the first optocoupler DC1 is connected to capacitor CC1 and then to DVDD. The other side is connected to resistor RC4, with CC3 connected in parallel with RC4. One end of resistor RC7 is connected to GND, and the other end is connected to the secondary side of the first optocoupler DC1. The base of transistor QC1 is connected to RC4, the emitter to GND, and the collector to RC2. The other end of RC2 is connected to the first communication interface M_RS485_TXD of the control module. One end of the primary winding of the second optocoupler DC4 is connected to RC8, and the other end of RC8 is connected to DVDD. The other end of the primary winding of the second optocoupler DC4 is connected to the I / O interface M_RS485_DE / RE of the control module. One end of the primary winding of the third optocoupler DC6 is connected to RC12, and the other end is connected to the second communication interface M_RS485_TXD of the control module. The other end of resistor RC12 is connected to DVDD. One end of the secondary winding of the third optocoupler DC6 is connected to RC11, and the other end of RC11 is connected to the first terminal RS485_TXD of the smart meter's communication interface. The other end of the secondary winding of the third optocoupler DC6 is connected to RC13, and CC4 is connected in parallel with RC13. One end of RC14 is connected to the secondary winding of the third optocoupler DC6, and the other end is connected to MGND. The base of transistor QC2 is connected to RC13, the collector of transistor QC2 is connected to one end of RC11, and the emitter of transistor QC2 is connected to MGND. A standard optocoupler is used instead of a high-speed optocoupler, combined with a transistor shaping circuit (i.e., Figure 3 The QC1, QC2 and other related devices in the smart meter can meet the requirements of high baud rate while ensuring low power consumption.

[0037] In one implementation, under a preset operating mode, the main frequency of the control module can be lower than a preset frequency.

[0038] In this embodiment, power consumption can be reduced by lowering the clock speed of the control module. Specifically, light-load tasks such as managing the sleep state of the control module have low computational speed requirements (no need for high clock speed support). If a high clock speed is maintained, the control module will enter a "waiting state" after completing the task, still generating unnecessary dynamic power consumption. However, by lowering the clock speed, the control module can operate while just meeting the task processing time requirements, avoiding energy waste caused by "performance redundancy". For example, if the metering data refresh cycle is 1 second, a control module with a low clock speed of 1MHz can complete data acquisition and processing without using a 100MHz clock speed. Lowering the clock speed of the control module can reduce dynamic power consumption by more than 99%. Therefore, the clock speed of the control module can be reduced to achieve the goal of reducing power consumption while ensuring complete functionality.

[0039] In one embodiment, the rectifier module may include a rectifier unit and an AC-DC conversion unit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first terminal of the rectifier unit can be connected to the first terminal of the power supply of the smart meter. The second terminal of the rectifier unit can be connected to the second terminal of the power supply of the smart meter. The third terminal of the rectifier unit can be connected to the first terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit. The third terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit can output a first DC voltage; the fourth terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit can output a second DC voltage.

[0041] In one embodiment, the AC-DC conversion unit may include an AC-DC converter, an RCD snubber circuit, and a transformer circuit.

[0042] In this embodiment, the seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter are interconnected and can then be connected to the first terminal of the RCD snubber circuit. The second terminal of the RCD snubber circuit can be connected to the third terminal of the rectifier unit and the first terminal of the transformer circuit. The second terminal of the transformer circuit can be connected to the seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter. The third terminal of the transformer circuit can be connected to the first DC voltage. The fourth terminal of the transformer circuit can be connected to the second DC voltage.

[0043] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the rectifier unit 111, the varistor RN1 can be connected to the first terminal Un (i.e., neutral wire) and the second terminal UL (i.e., live wire) of the smart meter's power supply; one end of LN1 is connected to UN, and the other end is connected to the safety capacitor CN1. One end of the wire-wound resistor RN2 is connected to UL, and the other end is connected to CN1. One end of the common-mode inductor LN2 is connected to LN1, and the other end is connected to RN2. One output end of the common-mode inductor LN2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode DN2, and the other output end is connected to the negative terminal of diode DN3. The negative terminals of DN1 and DN2 are connected together and then connected to the DC voltage HVCC. The positive terminals of DN3 and DN4 are connected together and then connected to PGND.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, in the AC-DC converter unit 112, electrolytic capacitors EN1 and EN2 are connected in series between HVCC and PGND, respectively. DN7, DN6, CN6, RN3, and RN4 form an RCD snubber circuit. The positive terminal of DN7 is connected to pins 7 and 8 of the AC-DC converter UN1. The negative terminal of DN7 is connected to the negative terminal of DN6, and the positive terminal of DN6 is connected to pin 1 of the transformer TRN1. CN6 is connected in parallel with DN6. RN3 and RN4 are connected in series and then in parallel with C6. In the transformer circuit, pin 3 of the transformer TRN1 is connected to pins 7 and 8 of the AC-DC converter UN1. Pin 5 of the transformer TRN1 is connected to PGND, and pin 6 is connected to the positive terminal of diode DN9. The negative terminal of the diode is connected to resistor RN6, and the other end of resistor RN6 is connected to the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor EN5. The negative terminal of EN5 is connected to PGND. Resistors RN10 and RN11 are connected in parallel to pin 1 of the AC-DC converter UN1. Resistor RN8 is connected to the positive terminal of EN5 at one end and to pin 3 of AC-DC converter UN1 at the other end. Capacitor CN9 is connected to the positive terminal of EN5 at one end and to PGND at the other end. Capacitor CN9 is connected to pin 4 of AC-DC converter UN1 at one end and to the secondary side of optocoupler DN10 at the other end. Resistor RN9 is connected in parallel to the primary side of optocoupler DN10. Resistor RN13 is connected to resistor RN9 at one end and to pin 1 of 431 chip U1 at the other end. Pin 3 of 431 chip U1 is connected to GND. Pin 2 of 431 chip U1 is connected to resistor RN15. The other end of RN15 is connected to MGND. Resistor RN14 is connected to VP at one end and to RN15 at the other end. Capacitor CN7 and resistor RN12 are connected in series and then in parallel with capacitor CN10. Transformer TRN1 is connected to diode DN5 at pin 14, and the other end of diode DN5 is connected to capacitors CN4 and CN5. Common mode inductor LN3 is connected to capacitors CN3 and CN2 at the other end. Pin 8 of transformer TRN1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode DN8, and the negative terminal of DN8 is connected to electrolytic capacitor EN2 and capacitor C1. One end of inductor LN4 is connected to electrolytic capacitor EN2, and the other end is connected to electrolytic capacitor EN3. EN2, LN4, and EN3 form a Π-type filter to reduce ripple. Resistor RN5 is a dummy load, connected to the first DC voltage SPM+12V and MGND. The second DC voltage is SPM+18V.

[0045] Figure 4 and Figure 5The rectifier module, constructed using Schottky diodes on the secondary side, leverages the synchronous rectification drive signal output function of the AC-DC converter to reduce the forward voltage drop of the rectification stage from 0.4-0.6V to below 0.1V, lowering rectification losses by over 40%. This effectively adapts to the light-load, long-term operation scenarios of smart meters, reducing continuous power consumption on the secondary side. To complement the high-frequency operating characteristics of the AC-DC converter, low-loss magnetic core materials are selected for the transformer circuit design, reducing core losses. Optimized winding turns and wire diameter reduce copper losses, while simultaneously reducing transformer size and increasing power density. Furthermore, a robust power grid design is employed, using multi-power via configuration and zoned power supply optimization to reduce voltage drop losses and minimize additional power consumption caused by power instability. Additionally, optimized PCB layout shortens high-frequency signal paths, reducing parasitic inductance and capacitance, thus lowering parasitic losses and reducing power redundancy related to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Therefore, the rectifier module configuration of this application effectively reduces the power consumption of smart meters.

[0046] In one embodiment, the smart meter may also include a 4G power supply module and a 4G module.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first end of the 4G power supply module can be connected to the first DC voltage; the second end of the 4G power supply module can be connected to the 4G module.

[0048] In one embodiment, the 4G power supply module may include a DC voltage conversion unit, a third filtering unit, and a fourth filtering unit.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fourth terminal of the DC-DC voltage conversion unit can be connected to the first DC voltage through the third filter unit. The third terminal of the DC-DC voltage conversion unit can be connected to the 4G module through the fourth filter unit.

[0050] In one implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first DC voltage SPM+12V is connected to pin 4 of the DC-DC converter unit UP1. One end of CP7 is connected to SPM+12V, and the other end is connected to MGND. One end of RP7 is connected to the VIN pin of UP1, and the other end is connected to the EN pin of UP1. One end of RP8 is connected to the EN pin of UP1, and the other end is connected to MGND. One end of capacitor CP9 is connected to the SS pin of UP1, and the other end is connected to the MGND pin. Capacitors CP6 and CP8 are connected to the VOUT pin and MGND pin of chip UP1. Resistors RP9 and RP10 are connected in series to the ISET pin, and the other end is connected to the MGND pin. CP7, CP9, and RP7 form the third filter unit, and CP6 and CP8 form the fourth filter unit. The DC-DC converter unit uses a low-power chip, which can effectively reduce static leakage current. Combined with the DC power supply module, it can further reduce power consumption.

[0051] In one implementation, the sampling rate of the metering chip in a smart meter can be reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the smart meter.

[0052] In this embodiment, a dynamic balance between measurement accuracy and energy consumption in low-power mode can be achieved by constructing a wide-temperature-range adaptive measurement accuracy compensation algorithm. This algorithm is based on real-time ambient temperature data collected by a multi-dimensional sensing module (covering the entire European environment range from -25℃ to +55℃), and presets multiple sets of temperature-error compensation coefficient matrices. It can adaptively call the corresponding compensation model according to different temperature ranges, accurately correcting measurement deviations caused by chip performance derating and circuit parameter drift during low-power operation. Ultimately, the measurement error across the entire temperature range is strictly controlled within ±0.5%, fully meeting the Class 1 accuracy requirements. Simultaneously, the algorithm adopts a lightweight computing architecture, occupying only a minimal amount of computing resources on the low-power core (MCU), and can complete the compensation calculation without waking up the high-power core, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the measurement function while avoiding additional energy consumption. Furthermore, through the coordinated scheduling of the energy distribution unit and the heterogeneous core control module, the power supply and main frequency of the metering module are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the metering sampling frequency and data processing accuracy are not degraded. This further enhances the synergistic adaptation effect of low power consumption and high precision, which not only meets the EU's mandatory requirements for the reliability of smart meter measurement, but also provides core support for the realization of the overall low power consumption goal of the system.

[0053] With the above configuration, the smart meter in this application embodiment uses a DC power supply module and realizes DC voltage conversion through a DC-DC converter. Compared with the prior art scheme of using LDO (Low Dropout Linear Regulator) to realize DC voltage conversion, it has less heat loss and higher conversion efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the power consumption of the smart meter.

[0054] Furthermore, the optocoupler unit of the communication module in this embodiment uses a common optocoupler to adapt to low-frequency signals, requiring only a small drive current to achieve stable light emission. Moreover, the output side is a phototransistor, requiring no additional power supply and exhibiting low static power consumption. Therefore, the optocoupler unit of this application can further reduce the power consumption of smart meters.

[0055] Furthermore, the AC-DC conversion unit of the rectifier module in this embodiment adopts a quasi-resonant control mode, which can effectively adapt to voltage fluctuations in the European power grid and maintain low switching losses over a wide input voltage range. Simultaneously, the AC-DC conversion unit ensures output stability, effectively balancing power consumption and performance under different load scenarios. Moreover, the AC-DC conversion unit can reduce transistor leakage current, lower static power consumption, reduce additional power consumption of peripheral devices, and improve overall conversion efficiency.

[0056] Furthermore, the 4G power supply module in this embodiment uses a chip with low power consumption, which can effectively reduce static leakage power consumption. Combined with the DC power supply module, it can achieve dual power reduction function and effectively ensure the standby power consumption of the smart meter.

[0057] The technical solution of this application has been described above with reference to one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A smart meter, characterized in that, include: Rectifier module, DC power supply module and communication module; The rectifier module provides a first DC voltage to the DC power supply module; The DC power supply module includes a DC-DC converter; the fifth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the first DC voltage, and the sixth terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the communication module, for converting the first DC voltage into a third DC voltage to power the communication module.

2. The smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC power supply module also includes a conversion enable unit and an output feedback unit; The first terminal of the conversion enabling unit is connected to the first DC voltage; the second terminal of the conversion enabling unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the DC-DC converter. The first end of the output feedback unit is connected to the third end of the DC-DC converter; the second end of the output feedback unit is connected to the communication module.

3. The smart meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC power supply module further includes a first filter unit and a second filter unit; The first terminal of the first filter unit is connected to the first DC voltage; the second terminal of the first filter unit is grounded. The first end of the second filter unit is connected to the sixth end of the DC-DC converter; the second end of the second filter unit is connected to the first end of the DC-DC converter; and the third end of the second filter unit is connected to the communication module.

4. The smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smart meter also includes a control module; The communication module includes a communication unit and an optocoupler unit; the seventh and eighth terminals of the communication unit are respectively connected to the first and second terminals of the communication interface of the smart meter; the first and fourth terminals of the communication unit are respectively connected to the fourth and sixth terminals of the optocoupler unit; the first and third terminals of the optocoupler unit are respectively connected to the first and second communication interfaces of the control module.

5. The smart meter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical coupler unit includes a first optical coupler, a second optical coupler, and a third optical coupler; The primary side of the first optocoupler is connected to the first end of the communication unit; the secondary side of the first optocoupler is connected to the first communication interface of the control module; the first end of the primary side of the second optocoupler is connected to the I / O interface of the control module, and the secondary side of the second optocoupler is connected to the second and third ends of the communication unit; the first end of the primary side of the third optocoupler is connected to the second communication interface of the control module.

6. The smart meter according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the preset operating mode, the main frequency of the control module is lower than the preset frequency.

7. The smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier module includes a rectifier unit and an AC-DC conversion unit; The first terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first terminal of the power supply of the smart meter; the second terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the second terminal of the power supply of the smart meter; and the third terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit. The third terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit outputs a first DC voltage; The fourth terminal of the AC-DC conversion unit outputs a second DC voltage.

8. The smart meter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The AC-DC conversion unit includes an AC-DC converter, an RCD snubber circuit, and a transformer circuit. The seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter are interconnected and then connected to the first terminal of the RCD snubber circuit; the second terminal of the RCD snubber circuit is connected to the third terminal of the rectifier unit and the first terminal of the transformer circuit. The second terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the seventh and eighth terminals of the AC-DC converter; the third terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the first DC voltage; and the fourth terminal of the transformer circuit is connected to the second DC voltage.

9. The smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smart meter also includes a 4G power supply module and a 4G module; The first terminal of the 4G power supply module is connected to the first DC voltage; The second end of the 4G power supply module is connected to the 4G module.

10. The smart meter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The 4G power supply module includes a DC voltage conversion unit, a third filtering unit, and a fourth filtering unit; The fourth terminal of the DC voltage conversion unit is connected to the first DC voltage through the third filter unit; The third terminal of the DC voltage conversion unit is connected to the 4G module through the fourth filter unit.

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