A type of automatically color-changing warning sign for potential geological disaster sites in scenic areas

Abstract

The warning sign designed in this invention integrates passive optics (fluorescence), active color-changing (moisture-sensitive color-changing), and wind-driven sound generation mechanisms. It is technically highly feasible and aligns with the trend of geological disaster early warning evolving towards intelligence and automation. Its greatest advantage is that it is "unreliant on external power," relying entirely on natural physical and chemical reactions for power supply, thus ensuring high reliability and making it ideal for deployment in remote areas where power supply is difficult. Furthermore, by preparing a coating on the aluminum alloy surface to obtain a composite material as the substrate, the lifespan of the warning sign is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coatings, specifically to a warning sign for potential geological hazards in scenic areas that can automatically change color. Background Technology

[0002] Geological hazard warning signs are specialized signs used to warn, inform, and guide the public to stay away from geological hazard areas and to regulate their evacuation behavior. They are mainly installed in mountainous and hilly scenic areas prone to geological disasters such as landslides, collapses, and mudslides. These warning signs need to be clearly identifiable in severe weather and also have a long service life. To address these issues, this invention designs an automatically color-changing warning sign for geological hazard hazards in scenic areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a warning sign for potential geological hazards in scenic areas that can automatically change color. This warning sign integrates a "passive optics" (fluorescence), an "active color-changing" (moisture-sensitive color-changing) and a "wind-driven sound" mechanism, and has good corrosion resistance and fatigue life.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A warning sign for potential geological hazards in scenic areas that can automatically change color includes: a sign body and warning signs set on the sign body. The sign body includes a base layer, a background contrast layer and a warning layer stacked from bottom to top. The warning layer includes a moisture-sensitive color-changing area and a photoluminescent area. The moisture-sensitive color-changing area displays a first color in a dry state and a second color that is different from the first color in a humid state.

[0005] Preferably, the top or side of the sign body is also provided with a passive sound-generating device, which can generate a warning audio under the action of wind.

[0006] Preferably, the moisture-sensitive color-changing area is coated with a reversible moisture-sensitive color-changing material, which includes a cobalt salt compound or a cobalt-containing modified resin.

[0007] Preferably, the light-emitting region is composed of rare-earth aluminate long-afterglow luminescent material, which can achieve the effect of absorbing light during the day and emitting fluorescence at night without the need for electricity.

[0008] Preferably, the background contrast layer is a white or silver-gray high-reflectivity coating.

[0009] Preferably, the substrate layer is an aluminum alloy composite material.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation process of the aluminum alloy composite material includes the following steps: Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn are used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance is 5-8 cm, the sputtering power is 200-220 W, the sputtering time is 60-90 min, the sputtering temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the argon flow rate is 80-90 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device. The vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is adjusted, and metallic Zr is selected for ion implantation. During the ion implantation process, the ion voltage is 50-80 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount is 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 ions / cm 2 -3.7×10 11 ions / cm 2 .

[0011] The warning sign designed in this invention integrates passive optics (fluorescence), active color-changing (moisture-sensitive color-changing), and wind-driven sound generation mechanisms. It is technically highly feasible and aligns with the trend of geological disaster early warning evolving towards intelligence and automation. Its greatest advantage is that it is "unreliant on external power," relying entirely on natural physical and chemical reactions for power supply, thus ensuring high reliability and making it ideal for deployment in remote areas where power supply is difficult. Furthermore, by preparing a coating on the aluminum alloy surface to obtain a composite material as the substrate, the lifespan of the warning sign is significantly improved. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical effects of the aluminum alloy composite material in this invention will be verified through specific embodiments below, but the implementation of this invention is not limited thereto.

[0013] Example 1 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 ions / cm 2 .

[0014] Example 2 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 6 × 10⁻⁶. 7 ions / cm 2 .

[0015] Example 3 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 8.2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 ions / cm 2 .

[0016] Example 4 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 3.5 × 10⁻⁶. 9 ions / cm 2 .

[0017] Example 5 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 3.7 × 10⁻⁶. 11 ions / cm 2 .

[0018] Comparative Example 1 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of an aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm.

[0019] Comparative Example 2 Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance was 5 cm, the sputtering power was 200 W, the sputtering time was 60 min, the sputtering temperature was 150 °C, and the argon flow rate was 80 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device, and the vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is set to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Pa, and metallic Zr was selected for ion implantation. The ion implantation voltage was 50 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount was 5 × 10⁻⁶. 15 ions / cm 2 .

[0020] Below, we evaluate the fatigue strength (fatigue test was conducted at a vibration frequency of 1000 Hz, and the fatigue life was evaluated based on the number of cycles at which fatigue fracture occurred) and corrosion resistance (the corrosive medium was a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 5 mol / L) of the samples in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0021] Table 1 Experimental data for each sample As shown in Table 1, ion implantation of metallic Zr into the CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating can significantly improve its fatigue life. However, excessive metallic Zr will reduce its corrosion life; therefore, in practice, the amount of zirconium ions implanted needs to be controlled at 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 ions / cm 2 -3.7×10 11 ions / cm 2 .

[0022] Furthermore, using the aforementioned coated aluminum alloy composite material as a substrate, we fabricated a geological hazard warning sign that automatically changes color and emits sound. The surface of the warning sign is divided into a warning area (color-changing layer) and an identification area (fluorescent layer), with a wind-powered sound-emitting device installed on top. The specific method is as follows: Base coating: First, apply a layer of white high-reflectivity primer (background contrast layer) to the base to enhance color contrast.

[0023] Moisture-sensitive color-changing layer: This uses reversible moisture-sensitive color-changing materials, such as coatings containing cobalt salts (e.g., cobalt chloride). In an anhydrous state (dry), the cobalt salt is blue; after absorbing moisture (rain), it turns red. This color change is very noticeable and can effectively alert people to risks such as landslides.

[0024] Fluorescent effect (nighttime warning): Long-afterglow rare-earth luminescent materials (such as aluminate systems) are used in the graphic and text sections. They absorb light energy during the day and continue to emit light for several hours at night, forming a clearly visible fluorescent pattern to guide people to safety.

[0025] A passive resonant sound generator, similar in principle to a wind whistle or vortex generator, is installed on top of the warning sign. The structure is designed with a porous design. When the wind reaches a certain intensity, the airflow passing through the vortex holes generates high-speed disturbances, inducing air resonance and producing a specific frequency sound similar to a warning whistle. The sound tone is designed so that the size and opening shape of the porous structure (which can be determined through routine testing) are adjusted to produce a sound between 2000-4000Hz (the specific frequency of sound produced when wind blows over an obstacle, according to the Strouhal number). This frequency has strong penetrating power and travels far, allowing it to be heard by nearby people even in wind and rain.

[0026] In addition, due to the intense ultraviolet radiation outdoors, the coating and sound-generating structure are prone to aging. Ultraviolet absorbers can be added to the color-changing coating; the sound generator can be made of engineering plastics or stainless steel with added antioxidants.

[0027] To address the issue that soil contamination may clog micropores and cause moisture-sensing coatings to fail, the coating can be designed with a self-cleaning hydrophobic structure (imitating the lotus leaf effect), which can both sense humidity and is not easily covered by sludge.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A warning sign for potential geological disaster sites in scenic areas that can automatically change color, characterized in that, The warning sign includes: a sign body and a warning label set on the sign body. The sign body includes a substrate layer, a background contrast layer and a warning layer stacked from bottom to top. The warning layer includes a moisture-sensitive color-changing area and a photoluminescent area. The moisture-sensitive color-changing area presents a first color in a dry state and a second color different from the first color in a humid state.

2. A warning sign as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture-sensitive color-changing area is coated with a reversible moisture-sensitive color-changing material, which includes cobalt salt compounds or cobalt-containing modified resins.

3. A warning sign as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The light-emitting region is composed of rare-earth aluminate long-afterglow luminescent material, which can achieve the effect of absorbing light during the day and emitting fluorescence at night without the need for electricity.

4. A warning sign as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The background contrast layer is a white or silver-gray high-reflectivity coating.

5. A warning sign as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate layer is an aluminum alloy composite material.

6. A warning sign as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The preparation process of the aluminum alloy composite material Includes the following steps: Pretreatment: The aluminum alloy was cleaned sequentially with ethanol and deionized water to remove surface impurities; Magnetron sputtering of CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating: Equimolar masses of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn are used to prepare the target material. The CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy by magnetron sputtering. During the magnetron sputtering process, the target-substrate distance is 5-8 cm, the sputtering power is 200-220 W, the sputtering time is 60-90 min, the sputtering temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the argon flow rate is 80-90 sccm. Zr ion implantation: An aluminum alloy containing a CrFeCoNiMn high-entropy alloy coating is placed in a metal vapor vacuum arc ion implantation device. The vacuum level of the ion implantation device chamber is adjusted, and metallic Zr is selected for ion implantation. During the ion implantation process, the ion voltage is 50-80 keV, and the Zr ion implantation amount is 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 ions / cm 2 -3.7×10 11 ions / cm 2 .

7. A warning sign as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top or side of the sign is also equipped with a passive sound-generating device, which can generate a warning audio under wind force.

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