Coal dry separation system and method with online adjustable separation size and quantity
The coal dry separation system, which adjusts the separation size and separation quantity online, solves the problem of insufficient lower separation limit of dry separation equipment, realizes flexible adjustment of material particle size and quantity, and improves the applicability and economy of dry separation process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing dry separation equipment generally has a separation lower limit of 3mm to 6mm, resulting in insufficient separation accuracy and difficulty in adapting to the actual conditions of different coal preparation plants, leading to problems such as waste of clean coal resources and high investment costs.
A coal dry separation system with online adjustable sorting size and quantity is adopted. By setting up a first screening unit and a second screening unit with different sorting sizes, and setting up a continuously adjustable gate on the double-layer scraper conveyor, the particle size and quantity of materials can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different coal quality conditions and process requirements.
It improves the applicability and flexibility of dry separation technology, reduces the number of equipment and floor space, reduces investment and operating costs, and meets the online real-time control needs of coal preparation plants.
Smart Images
Figure CN122098941A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal preparation equipment technology, and in particular to a dry coal separation system and method with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity. Background Technology
[0002] Coal preparation (also known as coal washing) is the process of removing impurities (such as ash, sulfur, and gangue) from raw coal using physical or chemical methods, and processing it into coal products of different qualities according to quality and specifications. Coal preparation processes are mainly divided into two categories: wet separation and dry separation. However, wet separation processes consume large amounts of water resources and require the construction of coal slurry water treatment systems, resulting in high investment costs, long construction periods, and complex operation and maintenance. In the arid and water-scarce regions of Northwest my country, the severe shortage of water resources significantly restricts the widespread application of wet coal preparation technology. Furthermore, for low-rank coals that are prone to mud formation, the difficulty in treating coal slurry water and the high cost of clean coal dewatering during wet separation directly impact the economic benefits of coal preparation plants.
[0003] Dry separation technology provides an effective solution to the above problems. Dry separation has advantages such as no water required, simple process system, low investment, short construction period, and low operating cost, and is particularly suitable for the separation of low-rank, easily muddy raw coal in arid and water-scarce areas.
[0004] However, the lower separation limit of existing dry separation equipment is generally 3mm to 6mm. If this portion of material (below the lower separation limit) is not removed and directly enters the dry separator, it will directly affect the separation accuracy of the dry separator and cause a waste of clean coal resources. Therefore, pre-screening is required before entering the dry separator to remove this portion of pulverized coal. However, the actual conditions at each coal preparation plant are different, resulting in different particle size requirements for pulverization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a coal screening device and separation method that is simple in process, highly efficient in operation, and adjustable in separation particle size. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal dry separation system and method that can adjust the separation particle size and separation amount online. By using a first screening unit and a second screening unit with different particle sizes, as well as controlling the opening and closing degree of each gate, the particle size of the material supplied to the dry separator can be flexibly adjusted without stopping the machine, and the amount of material of a specific particle size entering the dry separator can be adjusted, so as to adapt to different coal quality conditions and process requirements.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity, comprising:
[0007] A screening device includes a first screening unit and a second screening unit arranged sequentially along the material screening direction. The first screening unit includes at least one first screening component, and the second screening unit includes a second screening component. The grading particle size of the first screening component is smaller than that of the second screening component.
[0008] A double-layer scraper conveyor is installed below the screening device. The double-layer scraper conveyor has an upper conveying channel and a lower conveying channel. The upper conveying channel is used to convey materials to the dry separator. The upper conveying channel is provided with a discharge port corresponding to the first screening component and the second screening component. Each discharge port is provided with an openable and closable gate. The opening degree of the gate can be continuously adjusted between fully closed and fully open.
[0009] When the gate is fully open, the corresponding discharge port is fully open, and all the material passing through the discharge port falls into the lower conveying channel; when the gate is fully closed, the corresponding discharge port is closed, and the material moves along the upper conveying channel; when the gate is partially open, a portion of the material at the corresponding position falls into the lower conveying channel through the discharge port, and the remaining portion continues to move along the upper conveying channel.
[0010] Optionally, the upper conveying channel includes an upper base plate and several upper scrapers, the upper scrapers being used to push the material to move on the upper base plate; the lower conveying channel includes a lower base plate and several lower scrapers, the lower scrapers being used to push the material to move on the lower base plate; the discharge port is disposed on the upper base plate.
[0011] Optionally, the dry separation system includes a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor. The double-layer scraper conveyor transports the material on the upper conveying channel to the dry separator via the first belt conveyor, and the second belt conveyor receives the material transported by the lower conveying channel.
[0012] Optionally, the screening device includes an oversize chute for conveying the oversize material to the first belt conveyor.
[0013] Optionally, the first screening unit includes two first screening components arranged in series.
[0014] Optionally, both the first screening component and the second screening component are either cross-screen components or tension screen components.
[0015] Optionally, the gate is an electro-hydraulic gate.
[0016] Optionally, the first screening component has a first chute, the second screening component has a second chute, and the discharge port corresponds one-to-one with the first chute and the second chute.
[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a coal dry separation method, employing the coal dry separation system described above, the coal dry separation method comprising:
[0018] The material is fed into the screening device for screening.
[0019] By adjusting the opening degree of each of the gates, the amount of material falling into the upper conveying channel and the lower conveying channel from the undersize of the first screening component and the undersize of the second screening component can be controlled respectively.
[0020] The material on the upper conveying channel and the material on the screen of the screening device are conveyed to the dry separator.
[0021] Optionally, the grading particle size of the first screening component is set to a first particle size, and the grading particle size of the second screening component is set to a second particle size.
[0022] When the first particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, and all materials between the first and second particle sizes are required to enter the dry separator, the gate corresponding to the first screening component is fully opened and the gate corresponding to the second screening component is fully closed, so that all the undersize material of the first screening component falls to the lower conveying channel and all the undersize material of the second screening component falls to the upper conveying channel.
[0023] When the second particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, all the gates are fully opened, so that all the undersize material of the screening device falls into the lower conveying channel, and no material falls into the upper conveying channel at this time.
[0024] When the first particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, and when a portion of the material between the first and second particle sizes is required to enter the dry separator, the gate corresponding to the first screening component is fully opened and the gate corresponding to the second screening component is partially opened, so that all the undersize material of the first screening component falls to the lower conveying channel, and a portion of the undersize material of the second screening component falls to the lower conveying channel and another portion falls to the upper conveying channel.
[0025] As configured above, this invention includes a first screening unit and a second screening unit with different particle sizes. A gate with continuously adjustable opening and closing degree, corresponding to each screening component, is installed on the upper conveying channel of the double-layer scraper conveyor. By controlling the opening and closing degree of each gate, the particle size of the material supplied to the dry separator can be flexibly adjusted without stopping the machine, and the amount of material of a specific particle size entering the dry separator can also be adjusted. Therefore, this invention can adapt to different coal quality conditions and process requirements, significantly improving the applicability and flexibility of the dry separation process. This invention uses a double-layer scraper conveyor to efficiently achieve diversion and conveying. Combined with the oversize chute and belt conveyor, the overall layout is compact, reducing the number of equipment and floor space, and lowering investment and operating costs. This invention uses electro-hydraulic gates to achieve automatic adjustment of the gate opening and closing degree, which has the advantages of fast response speed, simple and reliable operation, and can meet the production needs of online real-time control in coal preparation plants, showing good prospects for widespread application. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are provided to better understand the invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the invention. Wherein:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation amount according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the undersize material falling onto a double-layer scraper conveyor in a coal dry separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view showing the opening of the gate portion of a coal dry separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] The accompanying figure is labeled as follows:
[0031] 1-First screening component; 11-First chute; 2-Second screening component; 21-Second chute; 3-Double-layer scraper conveyor; 31-Upper conveying channel; 311-Discharge port; 312-Gate; 313-Upper scraper; 314-Upper bottom plate; 32-Lower conveying channel; 321-Lower bottom plate; 322-Lower scraper; 41-First belt conveyor; 42-Second belt conveyor; 5-Oversize chute; 6-Raw coal conveying equipment; 7-Operating platform; 8-Ladder. Detailed Implementation
[0032] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “inner,” “outer,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” etc., are used to indicate orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a characteristic orientation and operation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.
[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to it. Figure 1 This invention provides a coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity, which includes raw coal conveying equipment 6, screening device and double-layer scraper conveyor 3.
[0035] The raw coal conveying equipment 6 is used to transport raw coal with a particle size of -80mm (i.e., raw coal with a particle size of less than or equal to 80mm) to the screening device for screening. Preferably, the raw coal conveying equipment is generally a belt conveyor. When there are multiple screening devices, a scraper conveyor is selected to distribute the material evenly to each screening device.
[0036] The screening device includes a first screening unit and a second screening unit arranged sequentially along the material screening direction. The first screening unit includes at least one first screening component 1, and the second screening unit includes a second screening component 2. Specifically, both the first screening component 1 and the second screening component 2 are either cross-screen components or tension screen components. The grading particle size of the first screening component 1 is smaller than the grading particle size of the second screening component 2. Let the grading particle size of the first screening component 1 be the first particle size, and the grading particle size of the second screening component 2 be the second particle size. For example, in this embodiment, the first particle size is 3mm, and the second particle size is 6mm. When there is more than one first screening component 1, all the first screening components 1 are connected in series. It can be understood that the material first passes through all the first screening components 1 sequentially, and then passes through the second screening component 2. In this embodiment, the first screening unit includes two first screening components 1 arranged in series.
[0037] The double-layer scraper conveyor 3 is located below the screening device; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2For simplicity, this is only an illustration. The double-layer scraper conveyor 3 has an upper conveying channel 31 and a lower conveying channel 32. The upper conveying channel 31 is used to convey materials to a dry separator (not shown in the figure). It can be understood that the lower conveying channel 32 is located below the upper conveying channel 31. Preferably, the conveying directions of the upper conveying channel 31 and the lower conveying channel 32 are opposite. Further, the upper conveying channel 31 includes an upper base plate 314 and several upper scrapers 313, which are spaced apart along the conveying direction. The upper scrapers 313 are used to push materials to move on the upper base plate 314. The lower conveying channel 32 includes a lower base plate 321 and several lower scrapers 322, which are spaced apart along the conveying direction. The lower scrapers 322 are used to push materials to move on the lower base plate 321. The upper conveying channel 31 is provided with a discharge port 311 corresponding to the first screening component 1 and the second screening component 2. Furthermore, the discharge port 311 is located on the upper base plate 314. Please refer to... Figure 3 ( Figure 3 (For simplicity, the upper scraper is not shown; it is only for illustration). Each of the discharge ports 311 is equipped with an openable and closable gate 312. The opening degree of the gate 312 can be continuously adjusted between fully closed and fully open. The gate 312 can be an electro-hydraulic gate. Furthermore, the first screening component 1 has a first chute 11, and the second screening component 2 has a second chute 21. Each chute of the first screening component 1 and the second screening component 2 corresponds to a discharge port 311, that is, the discharge port 311 corresponds one-to-one with the first chute 11 and the second chute 21. It can be understood that the first chute 11 and the second chute 21 serve to guide the undersize material 9 of the screening device into the double-layer scraper conveyor 3.
[0038] When the gate 312 is fully open, the corresponding discharge port 311 is fully open, and all the material passing through the discharge port 311 falls into the lower conveying channel 32. When the gate 312 is fully closed, the corresponding discharge port 311 is closed, and the material moves along the upper conveying channel 31. When the gate 312 is partially open, a portion of the material at the corresponding position falls into the lower conveying channel 32 through the discharge port 311, while the remaining portion continues to move along the upper conveying channel 31.
[0039] The dry separation system includes a first belt conveyor 41 and a second belt conveyor 42. The double-layer scraper conveyor 3 transports material from the upper conveying channel 31 to the dry separator via the first belt conveyor 41. The second belt conveyor 42 receives material from the lower conveying channel 32. For example, the second belt conveyor 42 can be a pulverized coal belt conveyor, which transports the material (pulverized coal) from the lower conveying channel 32 out as pulverized coal product. Further, the screening device includes an oversize chute 5, which transports the oversize material from the screening device to the first belt conveyor 41. The oversize material is the material on the screen surface after screening by the screening device. It is understood that the first belt conveyor 41 receives material from both the oversize chute 5 and the upper conveying channel 31 and transports the material to the dry separator. Since the upper conveying channel 31 and the lower conveying channel 32 have opposite conveying directions, the first belt conveyor 41 can be located at the tail end of the double-layer scraper conveyor 3, and the second belt conveyor 42 can be located at the head end of the double-layer scraper conveyor 3, resulting in a compact overall layout and reduced floor space. The coal dry separation system also includes an operating platform 7 and a ladder 8, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the screening device and the double-layer scraper conveyor 3 are mounted on the operating platform 7. The first belt conveyor 41 and the second belt conveyor 42 are positioned below the operating platform 7, while the raw coal conveying equipment 6 is positioned above the screening device. Figure 1 The floor slab supporting the raw coal conveying equipment 6 has been omitted from the diagram and is only shown for illustration purposes.
[0040] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a coal dry separation method, employing the coal dry separation system described above, the coal dry separation method comprising:
[0041] The material is fed into the screening device for screening.
[0042] By adjusting the opening degree of each of the gates 312, the amount of material 9 from the screen of the first screening component 1 and the screen of the second screening component 2 falling into the upper conveying channel 31 and the lower conveying channel 32 can be controlled respectively.
[0043] The material on the upper conveying channel 31 and the material on the screen of the screening device are conveyed to the dry separator.
[0044] When the first particle size (3mm) is required as the lower limit for sorting, and all materials between the first and second particle sizes are required to enter the dry separator, the gate 312 corresponding to the first screening component 1 is fully opened and the gate 312 corresponding to the second screening component 2 is fully closed, so that all the undersize material of the first screening component 1 falls to the lower conveying channel 32, and all the undersize material of the second screening component 2 (raw coal above 3mm and below 6mm) falls to the upper conveying channel 31. At this time, the material on the upper conveying channel 31 and the oversize material of the screening device will be conveyed to the dry separator.
[0045] When the second particle size (6mm) is required as the lower limit for sorting (i.e., when the second particle size is required as the lower limit for the particle size of the material entering the dry separator), all the gates 312 are fully opened, so that all the undersize material of the screening device falls to the lower conveying channel 32. At this time, no material falls into the upper conveying channel 31, and only the oversize material (raw coal larger than 6mm) of the screening device is conveyed to the dry separator.
[0046] When the first particle size (3mm) is required as the lower limit for sorting (i.e., when the first particle size is required as the lower limit for the particle size of the material entering the dry separator), and when a portion of the material between the first and second particle sizes (material between 3mm and 6mm) is required to enter the dry separator, the gate 312 corresponding to the first screening component 1 is fully opened, and the gate 312 corresponding to the second screening component 2 is partially opened. The opening states of each gate are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, all the undersize material from the first screening component 1 falls into the lower conveying channel 32, and a portion of the undersize material from the second screening component 2 falls into the lower conveying channel 32, while the other portion falls into the upper conveying channel 31. For example, if 50% of the 3-6mm raw coal needs to enter the dry separator, the gate 312 corresponding to the second screening component 2 is opened by 50%.
[0047] As configured above, this invention includes a first screening unit and a second screening unit with different particle sizes. A gate 312, with continuously adjustable opening and closing degree, corresponding to each screening component, is installed on the upper conveying channel 31 of the double-layer scraper conveyor 3. By controlling the opening and closing degree of each gate 312, the particle size of the material supplied to the dry separator can be flexibly adjusted without stopping the machine, and the amount of material of a specific particle size entering the dry separator can also be adjusted. Therefore, this invention can adapt to different coal quality conditions and process requirements, significantly improving the applicability and flexibility of the dry separation process. This invention uses a double-layer scraper conveyor 3 to efficiently achieve diversion and conveying. Combined with the oversize chute 5 and belt conveyor, the overall layout is compact, reducing the number of equipment and floor space, and lowering investment and operating costs. This invention uses electro-hydraulic gates 312 to achieve automatic adjustment of the gate opening and closing degree, which has the advantages of fast response speed, simple and reliable operation, and can meet the production needs of online real-time control in coal preparation plants, showing good prospects for widespread application.
[0048] It should be noted that references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., in the specification only indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, whether explicitly described or not, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
[0049] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.
[0050] It should also be noted that although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. For any person skilled in the art, many possible variations and modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention based on the disclosed technical content, or equivalent embodiments can be modified accordingly, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0051] It should also be understood that, unless otherwise specified or indicated, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., in the specification are used only to distinguish the various components, elements, and steps in the specification, and not to indicate the logical or sequential relationships between the various components, elements, and steps.
[0052] Furthermore, it should be recognized that the terminology described herein is used only to describe particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It must be noted that the singular forms “a” and “an” as used herein include plural bases unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, a reference to “a step” or “an apparatus” means a reference to one or more steps or apparatuses, and may include secondary steps and secondary apparatuses. All conjunctions used should be understood in the broadest sense. Also, the word “or” should be understood to have the definition of logical “or” rather than logical “exclusive OR”, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, implementation of the methods and / or devices in embodiments of the invention may include performing selected tasks manually, automatically, or in combination.
Claims
1. A dry coal separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity, characterized in that, include: A screening device includes a first screening unit and a second screening unit arranged sequentially along the material screening direction. The first screening unit includes at least one first screening component, and the second screening unit includes a second screening component. The grading particle size of the first screening component is smaller than that of the second screening component. A double-layer scraper conveyor is installed below the screening device. The double-layer scraper conveyor has an upper conveying channel and a lower conveying channel. The upper conveying channel is used to convey materials to the dry separator. The upper conveying channel is provided with a discharge port corresponding to the first screening component and the second screening component. Each discharge port is provided with an openable and closable gate. The opening degree of the gate can be continuously adjusted between fully closed and fully open. When the gate is fully open, the corresponding discharge port is fully open, and all the material passing through the discharge port falls into the lower conveying channel; when the gate is fully closed, the corresponding discharge port is closed, and the material moves along the upper conveying channel; when the gate is partially open, a portion of the material at the corresponding position falls into the lower conveying channel through the discharge port, and the remaining portion continues to move along the upper conveying channel.
2. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper conveying channel includes an upper base plate and several upper scrapers, which are used to push materials to move on the upper base plate; the lower conveying channel includes a lower base plate and several lower scrapers, which are used to push materials to move on the lower base plate; the discharge port is located on the upper base plate.
3. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dry separation system includes a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor. The double-layer scraper conveyor transports the material on the upper conveying channel to the dry separator via the first belt conveyor, and the second belt conveyor receives the material transported by the lower conveying channel.
4. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The screening device includes an oversize chute for conveying the oversize material to the first belt conveyor.
5. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first screening unit includes two first screening components arranged in series.
6. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first screening component and the second screening component are either cross-screen components or tension screen components.
7. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gate is an electro-hydraulic gate.
8. The coal dry separation system with online adjustable separation particle size and separation quantity as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first screening component has a first chute, the second screening component has a second chute, and the discharge port corresponds one-to-one with the first chute and the second chute.
9. A method for dry coal separation using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The material is fed into the screening device for screening. By adjusting the opening degree of each of the gates, the amount of material falling into the upper conveying channel and the lower conveying channel from the undersize of the first screening component and the undersize of the second screening component can be controlled respectively. The material on the upper conveying channel and the material on the screen of the screening device are conveyed to the dry separator.
10. The dry coal separation method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Let the grading particle size of the first screening component be the first particle size, and let the grading particle size of the second screening component be the second particle size. When the first particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, and all materials between the first and second particle sizes are required to enter the dry separator, the gate corresponding to the first screening component is fully opened and the gate corresponding to the second screening component is fully closed, so that all the undersize material of the first screening component falls to the lower conveying channel and all the undersize material of the second screening component falls to the upper conveying channel. When the second particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, all the gates are fully opened, so that all the undersize material of the screening device falls into the lower conveying channel, and no material falls into the upper conveying channel at this time. When the first particle size is required as the lower limit for sorting, and when a portion of the material between the first and second particle sizes is required to enter the dry separator, the gate corresponding to the first screening component is fully opened and the gate corresponding to the second screening component is partially opened, so that all the undersize material of the first screening component falls to the lower conveying channel, and a portion of the undersize material of the second screening component falls to the lower conveying channel and another portion falls to the upper conveying channel.