Lithium ion battery single crystal lithium nickelate cathode material and preparation method thereof

By combining the high-temperature solid-state method and the low-temperature molten salt-ion exchange method, the problems of lithium salt volatilization and lithium ion loss in lithium nickelate cathode materials were solved, and a single-crystal lithium nickelate cathode material with excellent electrochemical performance was prepared, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries.

CN122102225APending Publication Date: 2026-05-29NANJING UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
NANJING UNIV
Filing Date
2024-11-29
Publication Date
2026-05-29

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing methods for preparing lithium nickel oxide cathode materials suffer from problems such as lithium salt volatilization, excessively large LiNiO2 grain size, Li+/Ni2+ mixing, and Ni3+ decomposition. Furthermore, the cleaning process of the low-temperature molten salt-ion exchange method leads to the loss of lithium ions from the material surface, affecting the performance of the electrode material.

Method used

A preparation method combining high-temperature solid-state method and low-temperature molten salt-ion exchange method was adopted. By controlling the amount of lithium salt added and the cleaning time through multiple sintering and cleaning steps, a single-crystal lithium nickelate cathode material with accurate stoichiometry was prepared, which reduced lithium ion loss and improved the interlayer spacing and mechanical strength of the material.

Benefits of technology

This technology enables the efficient preparation of positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, improves the rapid transport capability of lithium ions and the cycle stability of electrode materials, reduces the generation of intergranular cracks, and enhances the rate performance and cycle life of the battery.

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Abstract

The application discloses a lithium ion battery single-crystal lithium nickelate positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The material has a general formula of LiNiO2; the material has a single-crystal morphology, a particle size of 1-15 mu m, a space group of R3m, and an O3 phase structure. Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages: (1) the method combines the advantages of a high-temperature solid-phase method and a low-temperature molten salt-ion exchange method, on the one hand, problems such as lithium salt volatilization, LiNiO2 grain size being too large, Li + / Ni 2+ mixing and Ni 3+ decomposition caused by high-temperature sintering are avoided, and on the other hand, the defect that lithium ions are washed out in the cleaning process after the low-temperature molten salt-ion exchange is overcome; (2) the positive electrode material prepared by the method has a larger interlayer spacing, is beneficial to the rapid transmission of lithium ions, simultaneously reduces intercrystalline cracks caused by the change of the interlayer spacing in the ion transmission process, and thus has better rate performance and cycle stability.
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