An explosive composition, method of manufacture and method of use thereof
A mixture of zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder was prepared by hydrothermal method and heated to 150-200℃ in an inert gas atmosphere. This method solves the problem of difficult control of explosive reaction in the prior art and provides an easily controllable explosive composition suitable for mining.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAIBEI NORMAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, when using active zirconium metal as an energy storage material to prepare explosives, reaction control is difficult and its application scenarios are limited.
An explosive composition was prepared by hydrothermal mixing of zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder, followed by heating to 150-200°C in an inert gas atmosphere to induce an explosive reaction. The composition was then heated to 150-200°C in a polyvinyl chloride container to induce an explosive reaction.
The preparation process of the explosive composition is simple and easy to control, and it is suitable for fields such as mining. The explosive reaction is violent and easy to manage.
Smart Images
Figure CN122102813A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of explosives preparation technology, specifically relating to an explosive composition, preparation method and usage method. Background Technology
[0002] In a chemical reaction, compounds decompose to produce various gases. Between the different atoms of the reactants, a large amount of energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds. When the compound molecules decompose, the products may use some of the energy to form new bonds, while most of the remaining energy will form high-temperature heat. The concentrated gas expands rapidly under extreme pressure, and the heat will accelerate the movement speed of each gas particle, making the pressure even higher and forming an energy impact. This is the principle of explosives.
[0003] Reactive zirconium metal possesses advantages such as a low ignition point, good ignition performance, and high calorific value, making it commonly used in the preparation of quasi-alloy propellants. Reactive zirconium does not react with most substances, except at high temperatures with elements such as hydrogen, or its halides undergo reduction reactions with reactive metals such as magnesium at high temperatures. Therefore, in existing technologies, zirconium hydride is frequently used as an energy storage material in the preparation of explosives. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention was developed by chance during the preparation of zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder. When zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder were mixed, a solid powder was obtained. Under a specific atmosphere, the solid powder underwent an unexpected explosive reaction. After studying the preparation method and proportion of the solid powder, an explosive composition was finally prepared, which is suitable for mining and other fields.
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an explosive composition;
[0006] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned explosive composition;
[0007] A third object of the present invention is to provide a method of using the above-described explosive composition.
[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0009] An explosive composition comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0010] 60-80 parts of zirconium carbide powder and 20-40 parts of zirconium oxide powder;
[0011] When the composition is placed in an inert gas atmosphere and heated to 150-200°C, it undergoes an explosive reaction.
[0012] Furthermore, the zirconium carbide powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0013] A1. Add zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O) and sucrose (C) to deionized water. 12 H 22 O 11 The molar ratio of zirconium nitrate to sucrose is 1:3-7. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0014] A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 170-250℃ and react at a constant temperature for 15-30 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, the hydrothermal precursor is obtained.
[0015] A3. Place the hydrothermal precursor in a muffle furnace, and under the protection of an inert gas, heat the muffle furnace to 1300-1750℃ and hold for 0.5-2 hours. Cool the furnace to room temperature and grind to obtain zirconium carbide powder.
[0016] Furthermore, the inert gas includes one of argon, helium, and neon.
[0017] Furthermore, in step A2, the temperature is raised to 180°C and the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature for 20 hours.
[0018] Furthermore, in step A3, the muffle furnace is heated to 1600°C and held for 1.5 hours.
[0019] Furthermore, the zirconium oxide powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0020] B1. Add urea (CO(NH2)2) and zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O) to deionized water and stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension.
[0021] B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 150-200℃ and react at a constant temperature for 16-24 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at a temperature of 60-100℃ for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
[0022] Furthermore, the molar ratio of urea and zirconium nitrate in step B1 is 0.1-0.3:1.
[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, the preparation method of the above-mentioned explosive composition includes the following steps:
[0024] The prepared zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder were mixed evenly to obtain a solid powder. The solid powder was added to anhydrous ethanol, stirred and mixed, and then ball-milled. The mixture was then dried at 60°C to constant weight to obtain a mixture. The mixture was placed in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a high-energy component. When the high-energy component was heated to 150-200°C, an explosive reaction occurred.
[0025] Furthermore, the ratio of the solid powder to anhydrous ethanol is 0.6 g: 1 mL.
[0026] As a further aspect of the present invention, the method of using the above-mentioned explosive composition includes the following steps: placing the mixture in a polyvinyl chloride plastic container, filling the container with argon gas, sealing it to obtain a high-energy container, and when the high-energy container is heated to 150-200°C, an explosive reaction occurs.
[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0028] This invention involves mixing zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder in a specific ratio, followed by an unexpected explosive reaction at 150-200°C under an inert gas (argon) atmosphere. Based on this, the invention improves the preparation method of the solid powder of the explosive composition. Specifically, this invention uses zirconium nitrate as the zirconium source and sucrose as the carbon source, employing a hydrothermal method to prepare zirconium carbide powder; and uses zirconium nitrate as the zirconium source, with urea assistance, to prepare zirconium oxide powder using a hydrothermal method. Furthermore, this invention provides a method for using the aforementioned explosive composition. The preparation process of the explosive composition of this invention is simple, and the explosive reaction process is easy to control, making it suitable for fields such as mining. Attached Figure Description
[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a blasting effect diagram of the explosive composition of Example 19 of this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] The present invention provides an explosive composition comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of zirconium carbide powder and 20-40 parts of zirconium oxide powder;
[0033] When the composition is placed in an inert gas atmosphere and heated to 150-200°C, it undergoes an explosive reaction.
[0034] The zirconium carbide powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0035] A1. Add zirconium nitrate (ZrNO3)4·5H2O and sucrose (C) to deionized water. 12 H 22 O 11 The molar ratio of zirconium nitrate to sucrose is 1:3-7. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solution.
[0036] A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 170-250℃ and react at a constant temperature for 15-30 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, the hydrothermal precursor is obtained.
[0037] A3. Place the hydrothermal precursor in a muffle furnace, and under the protection of an inert gas, heat the muffle furnace to 1300-1750℃ and hold for 0.5-2 hours. Cool the furnace to room temperature and grind to obtain zirconium carbide powder.
[0038] The zirconium oxide powder is prepared by the following steps:
[0039] B1. Add urea (CO(NH2)2) and zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O) to deionized water, with a molar ratio of urea to zirconium nitrate of 0.1-0.3:1. Stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension.
[0040] B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 150-200℃ and react at a constant temperature for 16-24 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at a temperature of 60-100℃ for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
[0041] The method for preparing the explosive composition in this embodiment includes the following steps:
[0042] The prepared zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder were mixed evenly to obtain a solid powder. The solid powder was added to anhydrous ethanol at a ratio of 0.6g:1mL, stirred and mixed, and then ball-milled. The mixture was then dried at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain a mixture. The mixture was placed in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a high-energy component. When the high-energy component was heated to 150-200℃, an explosive reaction occurred.
[0043] In the explosive composition and preparation method of this embodiment, the inert gas includes one of argon, helium, and neon.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] The preparation of zirconium carbide powder includes the following steps:
[0046] A1. Add 400 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then add 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol) and 102.6 g of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ; 0.3 mol), after stirring and mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained;
[0047] A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 170℃ and react at a constant temperature for 15 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at a temperature of 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, the hydrothermal precursor is obtained.
[0048] A3. The hydrothermal precursor is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1300°C under argon protection. The furnace is held for 0.5 hours and then cooled to room temperature. Zirconium carbide powder is obtained by grinding.
[0049] Example 2
[0050] The preparation of zirconium carbide powder includes the following steps:
[0051] A1. Add 400 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then continue adding 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol) and 171 g of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ; 0.5 mol), after stirring and mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained;
[0052] A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 180℃ and react at a constant temperature for 20 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at a temperature of 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, a hydrothermal precursor is obtained.
[0053] A3. The hydrothermal precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1600°C under argon protection. The furnace was held for 1.5 hours and then cooled to room temperature. The resulting zirconium carbide powder was obtained by grinding.
[0054] Example 3
[0055] The preparation of zirconium carbide powder includes the following steps:
[0056] A1. Add 400 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then add 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol) and 239.4 g of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ; 0.7 mol), after stirring and mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained;
[0057] A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 250℃ and react at a constant temperature for 30 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at a temperature of 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, a hydrothermal precursor is obtained.
[0058] A3. The hydrothermal precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1750°C under argon protection. The furnace was held for 2 hours and then cooled to room temperature. The resulting zirconium carbide powder was obtained by grinding.
[0059] Example 4
[0060] The preparation of zirconium oxide powder includes the following steps:
[0061] B1. Add 100 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then add 0.6 g of urea (CO(NH2)2; 0.01 mol) and 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol). Stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension.
[0062] B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 150°C and react at a constant temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at 60°C for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
[0063] Example 5
[0064] The preparation of zirconium oxide powder includes the following steps:
[0065] B1. Add 100 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then add 1.2 g of urea (CO(NH2)2; 0.02 mol) and 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol). Stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension.
[0066] B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 160℃ and react at a constant temperature for 20 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at 80℃ for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
[0067] Example 6
[0068] The preparation of zirconium oxide powder includes the following steps:
[0069] B1. Add 100 mL of deionized water to the reactor, then add 1.8 g of urea (CO(NH2)2; 0.03 mol) and 42.93 g of zirconium nitrate ((ZrNO3)4·5H2O; 0.1 mol). Stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension.
[0070] B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 200℃ and react at a constant temperature for 24 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at 100℃ for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
[0071] Examples 7-15 describe the process of preparing the explosive composition. In Examples 7-15, the zirconium carbide powder was prepared from Example 2; the zirconium oxide powder was prepared from Example 4. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0072] Zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder were mixed evenly to obtain a solid powder. The solid powder was then added to anhydrous ethanol at a ratio of 0.6 g:1 mL, stirred, and ball-milled at 300 rpm for 20 hours. The mixture was then dried at 60°C to constant weight to obtain a mixture. This mixture was placed under an argon atmosphere to obtain a high-energy component, which underwent a reaction upon heating. Specifically, the content of the solid powder, heating temperature, and reaction intensity in Examples 7-15 are shown in Table 1 below.
[0073] Table 1
[0074]
[0075] As shown in Table 1, the explosive composition prepared in this invention exhibits a significant increase in the intensity of the explosion reaction when the zirconium oxide powder content in the solid powder gradually increases within the range of 20%-40%. Similarly, a significant increase in the intensity of the explosion reaction is also observed when the reaction temperature gradually increases within the range of 150-200℃. Reasonable speculation suggests that the explosion reaction may be caused by two factors: firstly, the zirconium carbide powder may catalyze the pyrolysis of the zirconium oxide powder, reducing the activation energy; secondly, during the preparation of the zirconium carbide powder, excess sucrose carbon source carbonizes in the hydrothermal reaction, forming carbon powder. Ultimately, activated carbon-doped zirconium carbide powder is obtained. This carbon powder may further react as an unstable intermediate generated from the pyrolysis of the zirconium oxide powder, releasing a large amount of CO(g), thereby triggering the explosion reaction.
[0076] Example 16
[0077] The method of using the explosive composition includes the following steps:
[0078] The mixture is placed in a polyvinyl chloride plastic container, and the container is evacuated to ensure that the vacuum degree inside the container is ≤0.1Pa (actually 0.1Pa). Argon gas is then introduced into the container, and after sealing, a high-energy container is obtained. When the high-energy container is heated to 150°C, an explosive reaction occurs.
[0079] Example 17
[0080] The method of using the explosive composition includes the following steps:
[0081] The mixture is placed in a polyvinyl chloride plastic container, and the container is evacuated to ensure that the vacuum degree inside the container is ≤0.1Pa (actually 0.09Pa). Argon gas is then introduced into the container, and after sealing, a high-energy container is obtained. When the high-energy container is heated to 180°C, an explosive reaction occurs.
[0082] Example 18
[0083] The method of using the explosive composition includes the following steps:
[0084] The mixture is placed in a polyvinyl chloride plastic container, and the container is evacuated to ensure that the vacuum degree inside the container is ≤0.1Pa (actually 0.08Pa). Argon gas is then introduced into the container, and after sealing, a high-energy container is obtained. When the high-energy container is heated to 200℃, an explosive reaction occurs.
[0085] Example 19
[0086] The method of using the explosive composition includes the following steps:
[0087] 10g of the mixture was placed in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic container. The container was evacuated to a vacuum level ≤0.1Pa (actually 0.09Pa). Argon gas was then introduced into the container, and after sealing, a high-energy container was obtained. When heated to 180℃, an explosion reaction occurred. For the explosion effect, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown.
[0088] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0089] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An explosive composition, characterized in that, The explosive composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of zirconium carbide powder and 20-40 parts of zirconium oxide powder; When the composition is placed in an inert gas atmosphere and heated to 150-200°C, it undergoes an explosive reaction.
2. The explosive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zirconium carbide powder is prepared by the following steps: A1. Add zirconium nitrate and sucrose to deionized water. The molar ratio of zirconium nitrate to sucrose is 1:3-7. Stir and mix thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution. A2. Place the mixed solution into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 170-250℃ and react at a constant temperature for 15-30 hours. After the reaction is complete, the material is vacuum dried at 60℃ for 12 hours. After drying, the hydrothermal precursor is obtained. A3. Place the hydrothermal precursor in a muffle furnace, and under the protection of an inert gas, heat the muffle furnace to 1300-1750℃ and hold for 0.5-2 hours. Cool the furnace to room temperature and grind to obtain zirconium carbide powder.
3. The explosive composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inert gas mentioned includes one of argon, helium, and neon.
4. The explosive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A2, the temperature is raised to 180°C and the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature for 20 hours.
5. The explosive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A3, the muffle furnace is heated to 1600°C and held for 1.5 hours.
6. The explosive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zirconium oxide powder is prepared by the following steps: B1. Add urea and zirconium nitrate to deionized water and stir magnetically until the solid is completely dissolved to obtain a white suspension. B2. Place the white suspension into a high-pressure reactor, then heat it to 150-200℃ and react at a constant temperature for 16-24 hours. After the reaction is complete, vacuum dry the material at a temperature of 60-100℃ for 6 hours. After drying, grind the material to obtain zirconium oxide powder.
7. The explosive composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The molar ratio of urea and zirconium nitrate in step B1 is 0.1-0.3:
1.
8. The method for preparing an explosive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The prepared zirconium carbide powder and zirconium oxide powder were mixed evenly to obtain a solid powder. The solid powder was added to anhydrous ethanol, stirred and mixed, and then ball-milled. The mixture was then dried at 60°C to constant weight to obtain a mixture. The mixture was placed in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a high-energy component. When the high-energy component was heated to 150-200°C, an explosive reaction occurred.
9. A method for preparing an explosive composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ratio of the solid powder to anhydrous ethanol is 0.6 g: 1 mL.
10. A method of using an explosive composition, wherein the explosive composition prepared by the method of claim 8 is used, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The mixture is placed in a polyvinyl chloride plastic container, argon gas is introduced into the container, and after sealing, a high-energy container is obtained. When the high-energy container is heated to 150-200℃, an explosive reaction occurs.