A while-drilling ultra-deep azimuthal electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a logging method

Abstract

The application discloses a while-drilling ultra-deep azimuthal electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a logging method. The logging instrument comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna which are mounted on a non-magnetic drill collar. The transmitting antenna comprises a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna. The first transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source. The first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna comprises a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna. The first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna are multi-turn axial receiving antennas and are used for receiving electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting antenna. The modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna design can solve the multi-turn transverse antenna manufacturing problem of the while-drilling electromagnetic wave logging instrument, can improve the magnetic flux of the coil, can increase the strength of the electromotive force measurement signal, and can accurately detect and identify the formation boundary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil exploration and development, and in particular to a logging instrument and method for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging while drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic logging-while-drilling (EMWL) instruments detect information such as wellbore resistivity and formation boundaries to perform geological guidance and formation evaluation. The transmitting and receiving antennas of EMWL instruments are typically made of one or more turns of insulated wire. The transmitting coil is equivalent to a magnetic dipole source. When the transmitting coil is energized with alternating current, it first excites an electromagnetic field in the formation, generating induced eddy currents. These eddy currents further excite a secondary field in space. The receiving antenna reflects the formation's electrical characteristics by measuring changes in this secondary field.

[0003] Traditional drilling electromagnetic resistivity and drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments have a small source distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and can meet the measurement requirements with a single-turn or a few-turn coil.

[0004] However, the source distance of ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments during drilling is tens of meters, and the electromagnetic field attenuates severely during propagation. This necessitates increasing the transmission power and employing methods such as multi-turn coils to increase the magnetic flux passing through the receiving coil, thereby increasing the intensity of the measured induced electromotive force signal. Multi-turn axial and multi-turn tilted antennas can be wound sequentially along the instrument axis, but due to the limitations of drill collar geometry, winding multi-turn lateral azimuth antennas is extremely difficult.

[0005] Therefore, how to solve the problem of winding multi-turn transverse antennas for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instruments while drilling, increase the electromotive force signal strength at the exploration edge, and realize long-distance detection and identification of formation boundaries is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a logging instrument and method for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging while drilling. The modular multi-turn transverse antenna design disclosed is intended to solve the problem of multi-turn transverse antenna fabrication. By increasing the magnetic flux of the coil, the electromotive force signal strength at the probe edge is increased, so as to accurately detect and identify the formation boundary.

[0007] Firstly, this application provides a logging-while-drilling (LWD) instrument for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave (AWI), comprising:

[0008] Non-magnetic drill collars;

[0009] A transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna are mounted on the non-magnetic drill collar;

[0010] The transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna. The first transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source. The first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn horizontal transmitting antenna.

[0011] The receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna, wherein the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna are multi-turn axial receiving antennas used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antenna;

[0012] Optionally, the non-magnetic drill collar includes a drill collar body, at least one pair of instrument slots, and a detachable antenna cover;

[0013] The pair of instrument slots are arranged opposite each other and are used to install the second transmitting antenna; the antenna cover is used to protect the second transmitting antenna.

[0014] Optionally, the second transmitting antenna includes an antenna winding board, a multi-turn coil wound on the winding board, and ferrite mounted on the antenna winding board;

[0015] The antenna winding board includes multiple coil slots for fixing the multi-turn coil;

[0016] The multi-turn coil is used to generate a magnetic field along the normal direction of the coil;

[0017] The ferrite is used to enhance the strength of the excitation magnetic field.

[0018] Optionally, the antenna winding plate includes a groove;

[0019] The groove is used to mount the ferrite.

[0020] Optionally, the radome includes multiple antenna communication slots;

[0021] The plurality of antenna communication slots are used to allow electromagnetic waves excited by the second transmitting antenna to pass through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the formation.

[0022] Optionally, the radome is detachable, facilitating the inspection and replacement of the antenna in the instrument slot.

[0023] Optionally, the logging instrument also includes a drilling azimuth electromagnetic antenna for detecting near-well resistivity and formation boundaries.

[0024] Optionally, the drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna includes a lateral receiving antenna, which includes a drill collar housing, an antenna slot, and a receiving coil;

[0025] The antenna slot is used to allow electromagnetic waves excited by induced eddy currents in the formation to pass smoothly through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the receiving coil for measurement.

[0026] Optionally, the lateral receiving antenna further includes a through-hole; the receiving coil is made of insulated wires, which pass through the through-hole in sequence to form a saddle-shaped closed receiving coil.

[0027] Optionally, the first transmitting antenna is wound around a separate non-magnetic drill collar as a separate transmitting section.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides a logging method using ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves while drilling, applied to the logging instrument described in the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0029] When the first transmitting antenna is working, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna receive electromagnetic waves for measuring the resistivity of ultra-deep azimuth resistivity in distant wells.

[0030] When the second transmitting antenna is working, the second receiving antenna receives electromagnetic waves to measure the electromotive force signal of the ultra-deep exploration edge of the well.

[0031] When the drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna is in operation, it is used to measure near-well resistivity and edge electromotive force signals.

[0032] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This application provides a logging-while-drilling (LDD) ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave (AWI) logging instrument comprising: a non-magnetic drill collar; a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna mounted on the non-magnetic drill collar; the transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna, the first transmitting antenna emitting electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna emitting electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source; wherein, the first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna, both of which are multi-turn axial receiving antennas used to receive the electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antennas. Through the above scheme, the modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna design proposed in this application solves the manufacturing problem of multi-turn transverse antennas for LWD electromagnetic wave logging instruments, can improve coil magnetic flux, increase the electromotive force measurement signal strength, and accurately detect and identify formation boundaries. Moreover, the LWD ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and logging method disclosed in this application simultaneously integrates a LWD azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna for near-wellbore measurement, jointly achieving near- and far-wellbore resistivity and formation boundary detection. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this embodiment or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Antenna layout diagram of the drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a modular multi-turn transverse antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves during drilling provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 A winding pattern for a modular multi-turn transverse coil for drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 A graph showing the variation of the modular transverse transmitting and axial receiving electromotive force measurement signal with the tool face angle, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave transverse receiving antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6(a) is a diagram of the multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6(b) is a diagram of the multi-turn axial receiving antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves during drilling provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 A three-layer stratigraphic model diagram provided for embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 8 The diagram shows the electromotive force signals of ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves and azimuth electromagnetic waves used for edge probing during drilling, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] To facilitate a further understanding of the technical solutions provided in this application, the background technology involved in this application will be explained below.

[0046] The transmitting and receiving antennas of drilling electromagnetic wave logging tools are generally made of one or more turns of insulated wire. The size of the transmitting coil is much smaller than the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, so the transmitting coil can be equivalent to a magnetic dipole. When the transmitting coil is energized with alternating current, it first excites an electromagnetic field in the formation, generating induced eddy currents. These eddy currents further excite a secondary field in space, and the receiving antenna reflects the formation's electrical characteristics by measuring changes in this secondary field. Based on the relative relationship between the coil and the instrument axis, transmitting and receiving antennas can be specifically classified as axial antennas, lateral antennas, and tilted antennas. Traditional drilling electromagnetic resistivity instruments generally use a basic axial single-transmitter, dual-receiver coil system. The amplitude ratio and phase difference of the zz components of the magnetic field measured by the two receiving coils are further calibrated to the formation resistivity, with a detection depth of 1–2 m. Drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments, based on traditional drilling electromagnetic resistivity instruments, add lateral or tilted antennas to measure the cross components (zx, xz components) of the magnetic field, enabling the instrument to identify the azimuth of formation interfaces, with a maximum detection depth of 5–7 m. In recent years, drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments have further extended the detection depth to tens of meters by increasing the source distance and reducing the frequency.

[0047] Traditional drilling electromagnetic resistivity and drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments have small source-to-source distances between their transmitting and receiving antennas, allowing for measurements using single-turn or few-turn coils. However, drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave instruments have source-to-source distances of tens of meters, resulting in severe electromagnetic field attenuation during propagation. This necessitates increased transmitting power and the use of multi-turn coils to increase the magnetic flux through the receiving coil, thereby enhancing the strength of the induced electromotive force signal. While multi-turn axial and multi-turn tilted antennas can be wound sequentially along the instrument axis, multi-turn lateral azimuth antennas are difficult to wind due to drill collar geometry. Current saddle-shaped coil winding methods for drilling azimuth electromagnetic waves cannot meet the design requirements for multi-turn lateral azimuth antennas in ultra-deep instruments.

[0048] To overcome the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a logging-while-drilling (LWD) ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave (AWI) instrument comprising: a non-magnetic drill collar; a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna mounted on the non-magnetic drill collar; the transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna, the first transmitting antenna being used to transmit tilted electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna being used to transmit transverse electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source; wherein, the first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna, the first and second receiving antennas being multi-turn axial receiving antennas, used to receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting antennas. Through the above solution, the modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna design proposed in this application solves the manufacturing problem of multi-turn transverse antennas for LWD electromagnetic wave logging instruments, can improve coil magnetic flux, increase the electromotive force measurement signal strength, and accurately detect and identify formation boundaries. Moreover, the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and logging method disclosed in this application integrate a drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna to take into account near-wellbore measurements, and together realize near-well and far-well resistivity and formation boundary detection.

[0049] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 Antenna layout diagram of the drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a non-magnetic drill collar;

[0051] Transmitting and receiving antennas mounted on a non-magnetic drill collar;

[0052] The transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna T1 and a second transmitting antenna Tc. The first transmitting antenna T1 transmits electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna Tc transmits electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source. The first transmitting antenna T1 is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna Tc is a modular multi-turn horizontal transmitting antenna. The first transmitting antenna is wound around an independent non-magnetic drill collar as an independent transmitting section.

[0053] The receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna R1 and a second receiving antenna R2. The first receiving antenna R1 and the second receiving antenna R2 are multi-turn axial receiving antennas used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antenna.

[0054] It should be noted that when the first transmitting antenna is working, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna receive electromagnetic waves, and the far-well ultra-deep resistivity is extracted based on the basic single-transmit and dual-receive coil system.

[0055] The Tc modular multi-turn transverse antenna transmits and R2 receives, measuring the electromotive force signal at ultra-deep well edges in remote wells. This is for long-distance detection of formation boundaries, with a detection range of tens of meters.

[0056] It should be noted that the dashed box represents the azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna used for near-wellbore resistivity and formation boundary detection.

[0057] Understandably, this application integrates a drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna to accommodate near-wellbore measurements, thereby enabling near- and far-well resistivity and formation boundary detection.

[0058] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "antenna" and "coil" are used interchangeably.

[0059] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0060] In one possible implementation, the non-magnetic drill collar includes a drill collar body, at least a pair of instrument slots, and a detachable antenna cover;

[0061] The pair of instrument slots are arranged opposite each other and are used to install the second transmitting antenna;

[0062] The radome is used to protect the second transmitting antenna.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a modular multi-turn transverse antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves provided in this application embodiment. It includes a drill collar body, an instrument slot, a water inlet, and a detachable radome. The instrument slots are at least a pair, spaced 180° apart and facing each other. The internal space of the instrument slots is used to install multi-turn transverse transmitting coils. The radome protects the antenna from damage and has multiple antenna communication slots (antenna slots) etched on it, allowing electromagnetic waves excited by the second transmitting coil to pass smoothly through the non-magnetic drill collar into the formation. The size and number of antenna slots are generally obtained through numerical simulation. The radome is detachable, facilitating the inspection and replacement of the antennas inside the instrument slots. The water inlet serves as a mud channel.

[0064] It should be noted that a pair of transmitting coils installed in the instrument slot are connected through a wire hole inside the drill collar. By increasing the magnetic flux area, the strength of the measured electromotive force signal is doubled, thereby increasing the strength of the electromotive force signal in ultra-deep edge exploration and accurately detecting and identifying the formation boundary.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the second transmitting antenna includes an antenna winding board, a multi-turn coil wound on the winding board, and ferrite mounted on the antenna winding board;

[0066] The antenna winding board includes multiple coil slots for fixing the multi-turn coil;

[0067] The multi-turn coil is used to generate a magnetic field along the normal direction of the coil;

[0068] The ferrite is used to enhance the strength of the excitation magnetic field.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the antenna winding board includes a groove for mounting the ferrite.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a winding pattern of a modular multi-turn transverse coil for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave drilling provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the antenna includes an antenna winding board, a multi-turn coil wound on the winding board, and ferrite mounted on the winding board. The antenna winding board is made of non-metallic material and has multiple coil slots engraved on it for winding and fixing the coil. The coil is a multi-turn insulated wire, and the specific number of coil turns is determined according to the actual detection performance indicators. The coil is equivalent to a magnetic dipole when an alternating current is passed through it, which excites a magnetic field along the normal direction of the coil.

[0072] Meanwhile, grooves are etched on the winding board for mounting ferrite. Regarding the properties and mounting position of the ferrite, the excitation magnetic field strength must be enhanced without altering the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics. A pair of instrument slots are arranged 180° apart and facing each other. Each slot contains multiple turns of transverse transmitting coils. The pair of transmitting coils are connected through a through-hole inside the drill collar. When a single transverse transmitting coil is excited, the probe edge electromotive force measured by R2 is expressed as:

[0073] V' xz =iωμN T N R SH xz (1)

[0074] In the formula, i is the imaginary unit, ω is the operating frequency, μ is the permeability, and N is the magnetic permeability. T N represents the number of turns in the transmitting coil. R Where S is the number of turns of the receiving coil, S is the effective magnetic flux area, and H is the number of turns of the receiving coil. xz This represents the xz component of the magnetic field measured by transverse transmission and axial reception. Compared to a single transmitting coil, the probe edge electromotive force measured by R2 for a symmetrically distributed pair of transmitting coils is expressed as:

[0075] V xz =2iωμN T N R SH xz (2)

[0076] It can be seen that increasing the magnetic flux area can double the strength of the probe electromotive force signal measured by the receiving coil.

[0077] When Tc transmits and R2 receives, the measured xz component probe edge electromotive force V xz It is mainly used to detect geological boundaries. Figure 4 This is a graph illustrating the variation of the modular multi-turn transverse transmitting and axial receiving electromotive force measurement signal with the tool face angle, provided in an embodiment of this application. The simulated single-interface formation model probe edge electromotive force V... xz The imaginary part varies with the toolface angle of the instrument. The instrument is located in the low-resistivity layer R1, and the adjacent layer is the high-resistivity layer R2. The solid line represents the simulation results of a pair of transverse antennas, and the dashed line represents the simulation results of a single transverse antenna. It can be seen that the edge electromotive force signal strength of a pair of transverse antennas is twice that of a single antenna. The edge electromotive force response generally exhibits sine / cosine characteristics: when the toolface angle is 0°, the normal of the transverse transmitting coil Tc is perpendicular to the interface, and the edge signal is positive and has the largest amplitude. As the toolface angle gradually increases, the instrument gradually becomes parallel to the interface. When the toolface angle is 90°, it means that the normal of Tc is parallel to the interface, and the edge signal is zero. When the toolface angle continues to increase to 180°, the normal of Tc is perpendicular to the interface in the opposite direction, and the edge signal reaches its negative maximum. By using the azimuth detection characteristics of the edge signal, the relative positional relationship between the instrument and the formation boundary can be determined, thereby guiding the adjustment of the drilling trajectory.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the logging instrument further includes a drilling azimuth electromagnetic antenna for detecting near-well resistivity and formation boundaries.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna includes a lateral receiving antenna, which includes a drill collar housing, an antenna slot, and a receiving coil.

[0080] The antenna slot is used to allow electromagnetic waves excited by induced eddy currents in the formation to pass smoothly through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the receiving coil for measurement.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the lateral receiving antenna further includes a through-hole; the receiving coil is made of insulated wires that pass through the through-hole in sequence to form a saddle-shaped closed receiving coil.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave transverse receiving antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Grooves are cut into the instrument housing to allow electromagnetic waves excited by induced eddy currents in the formation to pass smoothly through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the receiving coil for measurement. The coil is composed of insulated wires. A through-hole is located inside the communication groove. The upper and lower insulated wires pass through the through-hole sequentially along the drill collar axis and are fixed to the inner wall of the drill collar. The left and right insulated wires are tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill collar, ultimately forming a saddle-shaped closed coil spanning half a circumference. Due to the volume limitation of the through-hole, the saddle-shaped transverse antenna is mainly used for fabricating single-turn or multi-turn transverse coils.

[0083] Figure 6(a) is a diagram of the multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 6(b) is a diagram of the multi-turn axial receiving antenna for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves provided in an embodiment of this application. In the above embodiments, the multi-turn tilted transmitting coil T1 adopts the winding method shown in Figure 6(a), and the multi-turn axial coils R1 and R2 adopt the winding method shown in Figure 6(b).

[0084] T1, R1, and R2 mainly consist of an antenna winding board, multiple turns of insulated wire wound on the winding board, and ferrite installed on the winding board. The antenna winding board is made of non-metallic material and has multiple coil slots engraved on it for winding and fixing the multi-turn coil. The coil, when subjected to alternating current, is equivalent to a magnetic dipole, exciting a magnetic field along the normal direction of the coil. Simultaneously, grooves are engraved on the winding board for mounting the ferrite. The properties and mounting position of the ferrite are designed to enhance the excitation magnetic field strength without altering the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics.

[0085] In one embodiment, Figure 7 This is a three-layer stratigraphic model diagram provided for an embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 7 As shown, the resistivity R1 is 1 Ω·m, R2 is 10 Ω·m and R3 is 1 Ω·m, the well inclination angle is 80°, and the instrument drills from top to bottom along the black track in the figure.

[0086] Figure 8 The diagram shows the electromotive force signals of ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves and azimuth electromagnetic waves used for edge probing during drilling, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the V above zx This indicates that the electromagnetic wave transmission during drilling is symmetrically emitted at sub-units t2 and t5, and the imaginary part of the probe edge electromotive force is measured by the receiver rc. The lower V... xz The imaginary part of the probe edge electromotive force (EMF) measured by the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave (Tc) emitted during drilling and received by the receiver (R2) is represented, and both are normalized. It can be seen that as the instrument gradually approaches the formation interface, the probe edge EMF signal V of the azimuth electromagnetic wave during drilling... zx and the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave ultra-deep edge electromotive force signal V during drilling xz Both gradually increase. Compared to the former, the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave source distance is longer and the frequency is lower, resulting in a higher electromotive force signal V at the ultra-deep exploration edge. zx It can identify formation interfaces earlier.

[0087] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the embodiments of this application provide a drilling-while-drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument, comprising: a non-magnetic drill collar; a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna mounted on the non-magnetic drill collar; the transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna, the first transmitting antenna being used to transmit tilted electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna being used to transmit transverse electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source; wherein, the first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna being multi-turn axial receiving antennas, used to receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting antenna. Through the above solution, the modular multi-turn transverse transmitting antenna design proposed in this application solves the manufacturing problem of multi-turn transverse antennas for drilling-while-drilling electromagnetic wave logging instruments, can improve the coil magnetic flux, increase the electromotive force measurement signal strength, and accurately detect and identify formation boundaries.

[0088] This application also provides a logging method for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves during drilling, applied to the logging instruments mentioned in the foregoing embodiments, the method comprising:

[0089] When the first transmitting antenna is working, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna receive electromagnetic waves for measuring the resistivity of ultra-deep azimuth resistivity in distant wells.

[0090] When the second transmitting antenna is working, the second receiving antenna receives electromagnetic waves to measure the electromotive force signal of ultra-deep exploration edge in distant wells.

[0091] When the drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna is in operation, it is used to measure near-well resistivity and edge electromotive force signals.

[0092] It should be noted that when the first transmitting antenna is working, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna receive electromagnetic waves, which are used to extract the far-well ultra-deep azimuth resistivity based on the basic single-transmit and dual-receive coil system.

[0093] The Tc modular multi-turn transverse antenna transmits and R2 receives, measuring the electromotive force signal at ultra-deep well edges in remote wells. This is for long-distance detection of formation boundaries, with a detection range of tens of meters.

[0094] It is understandable that the drilling ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and logging method disclosed in this application integrates a drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna to take into account near-wellbore measurement, and together realize near-well and far-well resistivity and formation boundary detection.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" (if they exist) are used only as name identifiers and do not represent the order of first and second.

[0096] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that the flowchart shown is merely an example in which the embodiments of this application can be implemented, and the scope of application of the embodiments of this application is not limited by any aspect of the flowchart.

[0098] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A logging-while-drilling instrument for ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves, characterized in that, include: Non-magnetic drill collars; A transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna are mounted on the non-magnetic drill collar; The transmitting antenna includes a first transmitting antenna and a second transmitting antenna. The first transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a tilted magnetic dipole source, and the second transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves as a horizontal magnetic dipole source. The first transmitting antenna is a multi-turn tilted transmitting antenna, and the second transmitting antenna is a modular multi-turn horizontal transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna includes a first receiving antenna and a second receiving antenna. The first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna are multi-turn axial receiving antennas used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antenna.

2. The logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-magnetic drill collar includes a drill collar body, at least one pair of instrument slots, and a detachable antenna cover; The pair of instrument slots are arranged opposite each other and are used to install the second transmitting antenna; the antenna cover is used to protect the second transmitting antenna.

3. The logging instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second transmitting antenna includes an antenna winding board, a multi-turn coil wound on the winding board, and ferrite mounted on the antenna winding board; The antenna winding board includes multiple coil slots for fixing the multi-turn coil; The multi-turn coil is used to generate a magnetic field along the normal direction of the coil; The ferrite is used to enhance the strength of the excitation magnetic field.

4. The logging instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna winding board includes a groove; The groove is used to mount the ferrite.

5. The logging instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radome includes multiple antenna communication slots; The plurality of antenna communication slots are used to allow electromagnetic waves excited by the second transmitting antenna to pass through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the formation.

6. The logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The logging instrument also includes a drilling azimuth electromagnetic antenna for detecting near-well resistivity and formation boundaries.

7. The logging instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna includes a lateral receiving antenna, which includes a drill collar housing, an antenna slot, and a receiving coil. The antenna slot is used to allow electromagnetic waves excited by induced eddy currents in the formation to pass smoothly through the non-magnetic drill collar and enter the receiving coil for measurement.

8. The logging instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The horizontal receiving antenna also includes a through hole; the receiving coil is made of insulated wires, which pass through the through hole in sequence to form a saddle-shaped closed receiving coil.

9. The logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmitting antenna is wound around a separate non-magnetic drill collar as an independent transmitting section.

10. A logging method using ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic waves while drilling, applied to the logging instrument as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: When the first transmitting antenna is working, the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna receive electromagnetic waves for measuring the resistivity of ultra-deep azimuth resistivity in distant wells. When the second transmitting antenna is working, the second receiving antenna receives electromagnetic waves to measure the electromotive force signal of the ultra-deep exploration edge of the well. When the drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave antenna is in operation, it is used to measure near-well resistivity and edge electromotive force signals.

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