A large-area flat plate SOFC / SOEC stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes

Abstract

The application discloses a large-area flat plate type SOFC / SOEC stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurizing modes, and relates to the field of stack manufacturing. The furnace body is provided with an open top end; the furnace body tension plate is rigidly connected to the furnace body; the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant supporting assembly is arranged in the furnace and passes through the furnace bottom to abut against the furnace body tension plate; the furnace cover is provided with first and second through-wall holes; the furnace cover moving mechanism is connected between the furnace body and the furnace cover and is used for lifting the furnace cover; the gantry type tension plate is arranged on the top of the furnace cover and is rigidly connected to the furnace cover; and the pressurizing assembly comprises a pressurizing source mounted on the gantry type tension plate and a pressing part penetrating through the second through-wall hole, wherein the pressing part vertically extends downward to apply a center pressing force to the stack-spring pressurizing clamp assembly supported on the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant supporting assembly; the furnace body tension plate is connected with the gantry type tension plate to form a rigid closed frame, and a self-balancing force flow is formed in the frame during force application, so that the furnace body and the furnace cover moving mechanism are outside the load path; and the spring pressurizing part extends out of the furnace cover through the first through-wall hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell manufacturing technology, and specifically to a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of SOFC and SOEC fuel cell stacks, the sintering process is crucial for forming the sealed structure of the anode and cathode and ensuring good electrical contact between the current collectors. During sintering, an axial clamping force needs to be applied to the assembled fuel cell stack to ensure that even after the sealing material thins due to creep during high-temperature insulation, the anode and cathode flow channels remain sealed, while simultaneously achieving tight contact between the current collectors and cathode, thus ensuring good electrical contact of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] Traditional electric stack sintering furnaces employ a central axial cylinder pressurization system, vertically mounted on the center of a load-bearing furnace mounting frame. The upper part consists of a cylinder-driven clamping shaft, and the lower part is a high-strength furnace bottom plate, installed independently of the furnace wall on the mounting frame platform. The cylinder-driven clamping shaft applies force downwards from the furnace top, with the high-strength furnace bottom plate bearing the reaction force. In this configuration, to increase the strength of the furnace bottom plate, its material density must be higher, resulting in a larger heat transfer coefficient, leading to rapid heat dissipation, poor furnace insulation, high power consumption, and hindering energy conservation and environmental protection. The furnace bottom plate houses the furnace heating element, which is divided into left and right sections connected by a hinged or track-sliding split structure. The upper part of the heating element has a semi-cylindrical through-hole for the clamping shaft. After the left and right heating elements are closed and locked, the central axis of the through-hole coincides with the central axis of the furnace bottom plate heating element. Central axial pressurization furnaces typically only achieve small-section, single-fuel stack sintering.

[0004] In recent years, there have also been sintering schemes using high-temperature resistant ceramic springs for pressure application on fuel cell stacks. This involves setting pressure plates and spring locking mechanisms above and below the fuel cell stack, and applying pressure with high-temperature resistant ceramic springs. Both the spring clamping mechanism and the fuel cell stack are placed inside the electric furnace, ensuring stable axial clamping force during the high-temperature heating process. To reduce the cost of ceramic spring pressure application and simultaneously achieve multi-stack sintering, another type of spring-pressure sintering scheme has emerged: by extending the length of the spring pressure application rod, allowing it to pass through the furnace wall, the fuel cell stack is located in the high-temperature zone of the electric furnace heating chamber, while the spring is located in the cold zone outside the sintering furnace. This achieves the replacement of expensive high-temperature ceramic springs with inexpensive low-temperature metal springs.

[0005] The aforementioned pressure sintering furnace is effective for sintering small-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stacks, but it has significant limitations for large-area stack sintering. Firstly, the central axial pressure point is at the center of the stack, while the spring pressure point is around the perimeter. During flat-plate stack sintering, pressure is transmitted outward from the pressure point; the further away from the pressure point, the smaller the clamping force. This results in greater axial compression closer to the pressure point and less axial compression further away. In small-area stack sintering, this compression difference is within acceptable limits, and both spring and axial cylinder pressure can meet the stack sintering requirements. However, in large-area stack sintering, the central cylinder pressure mode is prone to insufficient sealing pressure around the stack, leading to leakage or gas flow problems. Conversely, the spring pressure mode tends to have lower pressure at the stack center, leading to poor contact in the connectors / current collectors / single cells.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC stack sintering furnace that is compatible with multiple pressurization modes. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC stack sintered by the present invention has good sealing, effectively avoiding gas leakage, gas cross-flow, and problems such as poor connection and contact between intermediate connectors, current collectors and individual cells. At the same time, it avoids damage to the furnace body and furnace cover moving mechanism caused by pressurization reaction force.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes, the sintering furnace comprising:

[0009] The furnace body has an internal cavity with an opening at the top.

[0010] A furnace body tensioning plate is rigidly connected to the furnace body;

[0011] A heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly is disposed in the inner cavity, and the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body and abuts against the furnace body tensioning plate;

[0012] The furnace cover is adapted to the furnace body and is provided with a first through-wall hole and a second through-wall hole;

[0013] A furnace cover moving mechanism, connecting the furnace body and the furnace cover, is used to at least raise and lower the furnace cover to open or close the top opening;

[0014] A gantry-type pull plate is installed on the furnace cover; the two side uprights of the gantry-type pull plate are connected to the side walls of the corresponding sides of the furnace cover;

[0015] And a pressurizing assembly, including a pressurizing source installed on the gantry pull plate and a clamping member passing through the second through-wall hole, the clamping member extending vertically downward to apply a clamping force to the center of the fuel cell stack-spring pressurizing clamp assembly supported on the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly under the drive of the pressurizing source;

[0016] The furnace body tensioning plate and the gantry-type tensioning plate can be connected via a detachable connector after the furnace cover closes the top opening, forming a rigid closed frame. When a clamping force is applied, the rigid closed frame bears the reaction force generated by the pressure source and the pressure transmitted through the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, forming a self-balancing force flow within it, so that the furnace body and the furnace cover moving mechanism are outside the load path of the self-balancing force flow. At the same time, the spring pressure member in the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly extends out of the furnace cover through the first through-wall hole.

[0017] The sintering furnace of this invention is compatible with two pressurization modes, allowing the fuel cell stack to be pressurized simultaneously or selectively using spring pressurization and a pressurization assembly during sintering. It has a multi-point pressurization function suitable for peripheral spring pressurization and central pressurization assembly pressurization of large-area fuel cell stacks, so that the sintering pressure of large-area fuel cell stacks is uniform, ensuring good gas channel sealing and electrical contact quality. When sintering small-area fuel cell stacks, multiple stacks can be sintered. At the same time, the spring pressurization force bar through-wall structure has good sealing, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and has universal applicability.

[0018] Meanwhile, the sintering furnace of the present invention transmits the reaction force generated when the pressurizing component applies the clamping force directly to the furnace body tensioning plate through the gantry-type pull plate, completely bypassing the furnace cover moving mechanism, avoiding it from bearing the pressurized load, extending its service life, and playing a role in protecting the furnace cover moving mechanism; the force flow path does not pass through the side wall of the furnace body, avoiding deformation or damage to the furnace body due to bearing the pressurized reaction force, and playing a role in protecting the furnace body; the pressurizing component acts on the center of the fuel cell stack, and the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support component directly abuts against the furnace body tensioning plate, ensuring that the clamping force is transmitted vertically and distributed evenly.

[0019] Furthermore, the sintering furnace also includes a first foot cup and a second foot cup, both of which are height adjustable. The first foot cup is installed at the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body. The second foot cup is installed at the bottom of the furnace body tensioning plate and is located directly below the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, which passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body.

[0020] When using it, first adjust the height of the first foot cup at each of the four corners to make the furnace body level. After the furnace body is leveled, adjust the second foot cup at the center so that the second foot cup contacts the ground. This allows the furnace body to use its own weight to alleviate the elastic deformation caused by the central pressure and the side tensioning force of the furnace body tensioning plate on the bottom plane of the furnace body tensioning plate.

[0021] Optionally, the pressure source is a cylinder, and the clamping component is a ceramic clamping column (30). The cylinder is installed on the top crossbeam of the gantry-type pull plate. The upper end of the ceramic clamping column (30) is used to abut against the piston end of the cylinder; the lower end of the ceramic clamping column (30) is used to abut against the center of the upper surface of the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly.

[0022] Optionally, the detachable connector is a tension bolt.

[0023] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with a furnace bottom insulation layer, and a third through-wall hole is provided on both the furnace bottom insulation layer and the bottom wall of the furnace body. The third through-wall hole is directly opposite the second through-wall hole. To improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the furnace bottom, the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly includes a ceramic load-bearing tube and a high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate; the ceramic load-bearing tube is vertically embedded in the third through-wall hole, and the outer wall surface of the ceramic load-bearing tube is in close contact with the furnace bottom insulation layer. The lower end of the ceramic load-bearing tube abuts against the furnace body tensioning plate, and the upper end of the ceramic load-bearing tube is flush with the furnace bottom insulation layer. The high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate is supported on the upper end of the ceramic load-bearing tube.

[0024] In this embodiment, the lower end of the ceramic bearing tube directly abuts against the furnace body tension plate, while the upper end supports the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate. During use, the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly is placed on the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate. The clamping force is directly transmitted to the furnace body tension plate via the ceramic bearing tube, avoiding pressure on the furnace bottom insulation layer and effectively preventing damage to the insulation structure due to pressure.

[0025] Furthermore, the sintering furnace also includes a heat insulation core, which is filled inside the ceramic load-bearing tube and in close contact with the inner wall of the ceramic load-bearing tube.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ceramic load-bearing tube is filled with a heat-insulating core and is in close contact with the furnace bottom insulation layer on the outside. This not only blocks the heat conduction path to the bottom of the furnace, but also prevents the high-temperature gas inside the furnace from leaking out through the wall penetration hole, thereby improving the thermal efficiency and temperature uniformity of the furnace.

[0027] Specifically, the furnace cover moving mechanism is a lifting and rotating mechanism, including a lifting piston, a lifting cylinder sleeve, and a driving mechanism. The lifting cylinder sleeve is fixedly installed in the furnace body, and the lifting piston is movably fitted inside the lifting cylinder sleeve, with the upper end of the lifting piston connected to the furnace cover; the driving mechanism is kinetically connected to the lifting piston or the lifting cylinder sleeve, and is used to drive the furnace cover to lift, rotate, and move.

[0028] The furnace cover moving mechanism in this embodiment adopts a lifting and rotating structure. After the furnace cover is lifted, it can be rotated and moved away, providing ample operating space for loading and unloading of fuel cells and maintenance inside the furnace.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature controller, a thermocouple, and a heating element. The thermocouple and the heating element are respectively installed on the inner cavity side wall of the furnace body and respectively connected to the temperature controller, forming a closed-loop temperature control system. Furthermore, the sintering furnace also includes a first heat insulation plug adapted to the first through-wall hole and a second heat insulation plug adapted to the second through-wall hole, wherein the first heat insulation plug is used to seal the unused first through-wall hole; and the second heat insulation plug is used to seal the unused second through-wall hole.

[0030] In this embodiment, unused through-holes are sealed with heat-insulating plugs to prevent heat loss from unused holes and reduce equipment energy consumption.

[0031] Furthermore, the sintering furnace also includes a first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve and a second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve, both of which are split ring structures. When the spring pressure member passes through the first through-wall hole, the first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the spring pressure member and located between the spring pressure member and the wall of the first through-wall hole; when the clamping member of the pressure assembly passes through the second through-wall hole, the second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the clamping member of the pressure assembly and located between the clamping member of the pressure assembly and the wall of the second through-wall hole.

[0032] This embodiment uses a T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve with a split ring structure, which can maintain good sealing performance even when the wall-penetrating component is in motion.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] 1. Compared with the prior art, the sintering furnace of the present invention solves the problems that when only the center is pressurized during the sintering process of large-area flat plate fuel cell stacks, the edge clamping force of the fuel cell stack is too small and the sealing is poor, resulting in gas leakage. It also solves the problems that when only the springs around the fuel cell stack are pressurized, the center pressure is too small and the connection of the connector / current collector / single cell is loose, resulting in poor contact of the fuel cell stack and high internal resistance.

[0035] 2. The sintering furnace of the present invention is compatible with the functions of spring pressurization and pressurization component pressurization sintering furnace. It can be used as a standalone spring pressurization sintering furnace or a pressurization component pressurization sintering furnace. This provides great convenience for the optimization of multiple processes in the development of new products, and can effectively improve the efficiency of R&D resource utilization and shorten the R&D time.

[0036] 3. When the sintering furnace of this application functions as a spring-pressurized furnace, it can sinter multiple small-area fuel cells in the same furnace for mass production of fuel cells, which can significantly improve production efficiency and reduce costs.

[0037] 4. This application has the functions of spring / cylinder pressurization, furnace cover with reserved wall penetration hole, controllable heating, heat preservation and cooling. It can be expanded into SOFC power generation system or SOEC electrolysis system through external gas distribution system and DC power supply.

[0038] 5. This application has the functions of spring / cylinder pressurization, furnace cover with reserved wall penetration hole, controllable heating, heat preservation and cooling. It can be expanded into SOFC / SOEC stack or single cell testing system through external gas distribution system, electronic load, battery measuring instrument, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and DC power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the advantages of the present invention in the above and / or other aspects will become clearer.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC electric stack sintering furnace in the open state, provided for the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the back structure of the sintering furnace.

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a perspective view of the sintering furnace structure.

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the loading state of the sintering furnace when a large-area flat-plate fuel cell is pressurized by springs around the perimeter and by a central pressurization assembly.

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a sintering furnace with multiple stacks of small-area spring-pressurized fuel cells.

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the pressurized loading state of the sintering furnace for the small-area electric stack cylinder.

[0046] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a SOFC power generation single cell and stack testing system consisting of an external gas distribution system for the sintering furnace, an electronic load, and a battery tester.

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a SOEC electrolysis system consisting of an external DC power supply to the sintering furnace and a gas distribution system.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat insulation plug provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first T-shaped heat insulation sleeve provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The attached diagrams are labeled as follows: 1. Furnace body; 2. Furnace cover; 3. Furnace cover moving mechanism; 4. Lifting cylinder sleeve; 5. Drive mechanism; 6. First through-wall hole; 7. Second through-wall hole; 8. Gantry-type pull plate; 9. Through hole; 10. First bolt hole; 11. Second bolt hole; 12. Cylinder; 13. Furnace body tensioning plate; 14. Threaded hole; 15. Detachable connector; 16. Heating element; 17. Temperature control instrument; 18. Thermocouple; 19. Ceramic bearing tube; 20. Insulation core; 21. High-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate; 22. First heat insulation plug; 23. Second heat insulation plug; 24. First T-shaped sealing heat insulation sleeve; 25. Second T-shaped sealing heat insulation sleeve; 26. Furnace cover lifting button; 27. 28. Furnace cover lowering button; 29. ​​Cylinder raising button; 30. Cylinder lowering button; 31. Ceramic clamping column; 32. First foot cup; 33. Second foot cup; 34. Lifting piston; 35. Fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly; 36. Spring pressure component; 37. Spring; 38. Small area fuel cell stack; 49. Anode inlet pipe; 40. Cathode inlet pipe; 41. Anode exhaust pipe; 42. Cathode exhaust pipe; 43. Anode electrode; 44. Cathode electrode; 45. Gas distribution system; 46. Electronic load; 47. DC power supply; 454. Fuel gas output terminal; 451. Anode exhaust gas receiving terminal; 452. Air output terminal; 453. Cathode exhaust gas receiving terminal; 455. Steam output terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes, including perimeter spring pressurization sintering and center pressurization assembly pressurization sintering functions. For example... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the sintering furnace includes a furnace body 1, a furnace body tensioning plate 13, a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, a furnace cover 2, a furnace cover moving mechanism 3, a gantry-type pull plate 8, and a pressurizing assembly.

[0053] See Figures 1 to 3 The furnace body 1 has an inner cavity with a top opening, which is used for moving the power supply stack into and out of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1.

[0054] See Figure 3 The furnace body tension plate 13 is U-shaped and is located on the outside of the furnace body 1. The accommodating space of the furnace body tension plate 13 matches the outer contour dimensions of the furnace body 1. The furnace body tension plate 13 is rigidly connected to the furnace body 1. The rigid connection between the furnace body tension plate 13 and the furnace body 1 can be by bolt connection or welding.

[0055] See Figure 3 The heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly is installed in the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, and the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body 1 and abuts against the top surface of the furnace body tension plate 13.

[0056] See Figure 3 The furnace cover 2 is adapted to the furnace body 1 and is provided with a first through-wall hole 6 and a second through-wall hole 7.

[0057] See Figure 1 The furnace cover moving mechanism 3 is vertically placed on the side of the furnace body 1 and the furnace cover 2, and connects the furnace body 1 and the furnace cover 2, for at least raising and lowering the furnace cover 2 to open or close the top opening.

[0058] See Figure 1 A gantry-type pull plate 8 is installed on top of the furnace cover 2. The gantry-type pull plate 8 includes a top crossbeam and two side uprights, wherein the two side uprights are rigidly connected to the corresponding side walls of the furnace cover 2. The rigid connection between the two side uprights and the corresponding side walls of the furnace cover 2 can be by bolting or welding.

[0059] See Figure 3 The pressurizing assembly includes a pressurizing source mounted on the gantry-type pull plate 8 and a clamping member passing through the second through-wall hole 7. The clamping member extends vertically downward to apply a clamping force to the center of the fuel cell stack-spring pressurizing clamp assembly 34, which is supported by the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, under the drive of the pressurizing source.

[0060] See Figure 4The furnace body tensioning plate 13 and the gantry-type tensioning plate 8 can be connected by a detachable connector 15 after the furnace cover 2 closes its top opening, forming a rigid closed frame. When a clamping force is applied, the rigid closed frame bears the reaction force generated by the pressure source and the pressure transmitted through the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support component, forming a self-balancing force flow inside. This keeps the furnace body 1 and the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 outside the load path of the self-balancing force flow, thereby preventing the reaction force from damaging the furnace cover moving mechanism 3. At the same time, the spring pressure member 35 in the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 extends out of the furnace cover 2 through the first through-wall hole 6, so that the spring 36 of the spring pressure clamp is in a room temperature environment during the high-temperature sintering of the fuel cell stack, thereby maintaining the life and elasticity stability of the spring 36.

[0061] In this application, the phrase "when a tightening force is applied, the rigid closed frame bears the reaction force generated by the pressure source and the pressure transmitted through the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, forming a self-balancing force flow within it" means that when a tightening force is applied, the reaction force generated by the pressure source is transmitted sequentially through the gantry-type pull plate 8 and the detachable connector 15 to the furnace body tension plate 13, and the pressure transmitted through the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly to the furnace body tension plate 13 is balanced with the reaction force, so that the furnace body 1 and the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 do not bear the reaction force.

[0062] The sintering furnace of this embodiment is compatible with two pressurization modes, allowing the fuel cell stack to be pressurized simultaneously or selectively using spring pressurization and pressurization assembly during sintering. It has a multi-point pressurization function suitable for peripheral spring pressurization and central pressurization assembly pressurization of large-area fuel cell stacks, so that the sintering pressure of large-area fuel cell stacks is uniform, ensuring good gas channel sealing and electrical contact quality. When sintering small-area fuel cell stacks, multiple stacks can be sintered. At the same time, by setting the first through-wall hole 6 on the furnace cover 2 at the position corresponding to the spring pressurization component 35, the spring is kept in a room temperature environment during the high-temperature sintering of the fuel cell stack, thereby maintaining the spring life and elasticity stability.

[0063] The spring-pressurizing component 35 in the spring-pressurizing clamp is a rod-shaped or sleeve-shaped member. Spring-pressurizing clamps are existing technology and will not be discussed further here.

[0064] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The detachable connector 15 is a tension bolt. Second bolt holes 11 are respectively provided at the bottom ends of the two upright plates on both sides of the gantry-type tension plate 8. Threaded holes 14, matching the second bolt holes 11, are respectively provided in the furnace body tension plate 13 at positions corresponding to the second bolt holes 11. The tension bolt passes through the second bolt holes 11 and is tightened into the threaded holes 14, achieving a secure connection between the furnace body tension plate 13 and the gantry-type tension plate 8.

[0065] In this embodiment, see Figure 4The pressure source is a cylinder 12, and the clamping component is a ceramic clamping column 30. The cylinder 12 is installed with screws at the first bolt hole 10 on the top crossbeam of the gantry-type pull plate 8. The cylinder 12 is located above the top crossbeam of the gantry-type pull plate 8, therefore, the top crossbeam of the gantry-type pull plate 8 has a through hole 9, through which the piston end of the cylinder 12 passes. The ceramic clamping column 30 is movably inserted through the second through-wall hole 7. The upper end of the ceramic clamping column 30 is used to abut against the piston end of the cylinder 12, and the lower end of the ceramic clamping column 30 is used to abut against the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34. In use, a ceramic clamping column 30 of appropriate length is usually selected. After the furnace cover 2 is closed on the top opening of the furnace body 1, the ceramic clamping column 30 is inserted into the inner cavity through the second through-wall hole 7 and its lower end is placed against the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 to be processed. The piston end of cylinder 12 extends downward to press against the upper end of ceramic clamping column 30, so that ceramic clamping column 30 presses against the battery stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 or battery stack to be processed, thus completing the application of clamping force.

[0066] In this embodiment, the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 adopts a traditional furnace cover lifting mechanism for a well-type electric furnace in heat treatment, which can drive the furnace cover 2 to rise and fall, and the furnace cover 2 to rotate around the top lifting axis when it is in the raised state. For details, see Figure 2 The furnace cover moving mechanism 3 includes a lifting piston 33, a lifting cylinder liner 4, and a drive mechanism 5. The lifting cylinder liner 4 is fixedly installed on the furnace body 1, and the lifting piston 33 is movably fitted inside the lifting cylinder liner 4, with the upper end of the lifting piston 33 connected to the furnace cover 2. The drive mechanism 5 is connected to the lifting piston 33 or the lifting cylinder liner 4 for driving the furnace cover 2 to rise, fall, and rotate. The rotation and angle locking of the furnace cover can also be achieved manually to reduce the complexity of the drive mechanism 5.

[0067] In this embodiment, see Figure 1The outer wall of the furnace body 1 is equipped with a furnace cover raising button 26, a furnace cover lowering button 27, a cylinder raising button 28, and a cylinder lowering button 29. The furnace cover raising button 26 and the furnace cover lowering button 27 are electrically connected to the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 to realize the raising and lowering control of the furnace cover. The cylinder raising button 28 and the cylinder lowering button 29 are electrically connected to the cylinder 12 to realize the raising and lowering control of the piston end of the cylinder 12. For example, when the furnace cover lifting button 26 is pressed, a signal is transmitted to the drive component 5 of the furnace cover moving mechanism assembly, driving the lifting piston 33 of the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 to lift upwards, thus raising the furnace cover. When the furnace cover lifting button 26 is released, the furnace cover lifting action stops and stops at the required height. When the furnace cover rises to the limit position of its travel, the automatic reset function of the lifting button is automatically triggered, and the furnace cover 2 lifting action stops and stops at the limit position of the furnace cover lifting action. When the furnace cover lowering button 27 is pressed, a furnace cover signal is transmitted to the drive component 5 of the furnace cover moving mechanism assembly, driving the lifting piston 33 of the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 to descend downwards, thus lowering the furnace cover 2. When the furnace cover lowering button 27 is released, the furnace cover 2 lowering action stops and stops at the required height. When the furnace cover descends to contact the top of the furnace body and seals tightly, the automatic reset function of the furnace cover lowering button 27 is triggered, and the furnace cover lowering action stops. When the cylinder lift button 28 is pressed, the piston end of cylinder 12 retracts upward to unload pressure. When the cylinder lower button 29 is pressed, the piston end of cylinder 12 extends downward to load pressure. When the cylinder extends or retracts to its stroke limit, the cylinder lift or lower button reset function is automatically triggered, and the piston end of cylinder 12 stops at its stroke limit position.

[0068] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 The second through-wall hole 7 is located at the center of the furnace cover 2.

[0069] In this embodiment, a furnace bottom insulation layer is provided on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, and a third through-wall hole is provided on both the furnace bottom insulation layer and the bottom wall of the furnace body 1. The third through-wall hole is directly opposite the second through-wall hole 7. To improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the furnace bottom, the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly includes a ceramic load-bearing tube 19 and a high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21; see [link to previous section] Figure 3 The ceramic support tube 19 is vertically embedded in the third through-wall hole, and the outer wall surface of the ceramic support tube 19 is in close contact with the furnace bottom insulation layer. The lower end of the ceramic support tube 19 abuts against the furnace body tension plate 13, so that the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support component passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body 1 and directly abuts against the top surface of the furnace body tension plate 13. The upper end of the ceramic support tube 19 is flush with the furnace bottom insulation layer. The high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21 is supported on the upper end of the ceramic support tube 19. To make the ceramic support tube 19 and the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21 easier to see, Figure 3 The furnace bottom insulation layer is not shown.

[0070] In use, the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 is placed on the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21. The clamping force applied by the pressure assembly to the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 is transmitted directly to the furnace body tension plate 13 through the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21 and the ceramic load-bearing tube 19, thereby avoiding pressure on the furnace bottom insulation layer and effectively preventing the furnace bottom insulation structure from being damaged by pressure.

[0071] See Figure 3 Optionally, the third through-wall hole is a cylindrical hole, which is convenient for processing.

[0072] See Figure 3 The sintering furnace may also include a heat insulation core 20, which is filled inside the ceramic support tube 19 and in close contact with the inner wall of the ceramic support tube 19. By filling the ceramic support tube 19 with the heat insulation core 20 and having it in close contact with the furnace bottom insulation layer, the heat conduction path to the bottom of the furnace is blocked, and the leakage of high-temperature gas from the wall penetration holes is prevented, thereby improving the thermal efficiency and temperature uniformity of the furnace.

[0073] In addition, see Figure 3 Since the ground at the installation site of the electric stack sintering furnace is not perfectly level, the sintering furnace also includes height-adjustable first foot cups 31 and second foot cups 32. First foot cups 31 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body 1; the second foot cups 32 are installed at the bottom of the furnace body tension plate 13 and are located directly below the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, which passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body 1. In use, first adjust the height of the first foot cups 31 at the four corners to make the furnace body 1 level; after the furnace body 1 is leveled, adjust the second foot cup 32 at the center to make it contact the ground. This utilizes the furnace body's own weight to further alleviate the elastic deformation caused by the central pressure and the side tensioning force of the furnace body tension plate 13 on the bottom plane of the furnace body tension plate 13.

[0074] This embodiment improves the sintering furnace's tolerance to deviations in the levelness of the installation site by setting a first foot cup 31 and a second foot cup 32.

[0075] It is understandable that if the flatness and levelness of the ground at the installation site of the electric stack sintering furnace are very good, the bottom of the furnace body 1 and the bottom of the furnace body tensioning plate 13 can be in good contact with the installation ground by setting height difference pads, and the first foot cup 31 and the second foot cup 32 in this embodiment can be omitted.

[0076] Understandably, see Figure 1 Similar to existing electric stack sintering furnaces, the sintering furnace in this embodiment includes a temperature control instrument 17, a thermocouple 18, and a heating element 16. The thermocouple 18 and the heating element 16 are respectively installed on the inner cavity side wall of the furnace body 1 and respectively connected to the temperature control instrument 17 to form a closed-loop temperature control system, thereby realizing the control of the heating, heat preservation, and cooling processes.

[0077] In this embodiment, the furnace cover moving mechanism 3 can be implemented using a general-purpose servo electric cylinder paired with a mounting base suitable for the selected cylinder. The specific cylinder model is determined based on the weight and stroke of the furnace cover. For example, if the lifting stroke of the furnace cover is within 1500mm and the weight of the furnace cover along with other accessories installed on it does not exceed 800kg, the 80 series servo electric cylinder from Suzhou Xingweicheng Automation Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. can be used to construct the furnace cover moving mechanism 3. The furnace body tension plate 13 and the gantry-type tension plate 8 are both rigid force transmission components that need to withstand large tensile / compressive stresses. They can both be made of 304 stainless steel or 45 structural steel. The ceramic bearing tube 19 bears all the clamping force of the pressure assembly and directly transmits the force to the furnace body tension plate. Meanwhile, it is located in a high-temperature zone and needs to withstand high temperature, high pressure, and possible oxidizing / reducing atmospheres, so 95% alumina ceramic can be selected; the high-temperature resistant ceramic support plate 21 directly supports the fuel cell stack, bears a large force, and requires a smooth surface, does not contaminate the fuel cell stack at high temperatures, and does not deform, so 95% alumina ceramic can be selected; the ceramic clamping column 30 is a component that directly applies clamping force to the center of the fuel cell stack. It is also located in a high-temperature zone and is in contact with the fuel cell stack. Its strength, high-temperature creep performance, and chemical compatibility with the fuel cell stack material need to be guaranteed, so 95% alumina ceramic can be selected; the heat insulation core 20 blocks heat conduction, improves thermal efficiency, and prevents high-temperature leakage, so aluminum silicate refractory material can be selected.

[0078] The following is a detailed description of the furnace loading process for a large-area flat-plate fuel cell stack in this embodiment, involving perimeter spring pressurization and central pressurization: See [link to documentation]. Figure 4 The spring-loaded clamp is assembled onto the large-area flat fuel cell stack to be processed, forming a fuel cell stack-spring-loaded clamp assembly 34. The fuel cell stack-spring-loaded clamp assembly 34 is placed into the furnace through the top opening of the furnace body 1, and is supported on the high-temperature ceramic firing plate 21 of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly. The furnace cover moving mechanism 3 lowers the furnace cover 2 to close the top opening of the furnace body 1, and the spring-loaded clamp assembly 34 extends out of the furnace cover 2 through the first through-wall hole 6. After the furnace cover 2 closes the top opening, the furnace body tensioning plate 13 and the gantry-type tensioning plate 8 are securely connected by a detachable connector 15. The ceramic clamping column 30 is inserted into the inner cavity through the second through-wall hole 7, with its lower end pressing against the fuel cell stack-spring-loaded clamp assembly 34 to be processed. The piston end of the control cylinder 12 extends downwards to abut the upper end of the ceramic clamping column 30, indirectly applying a clamping force to the center of the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly 34 through the ceramic clamping column 30. During high-temperature sintering of the fuel cell stack in the furnace, the spring of the spring pressure clamp provides a continuous and stable clamping force around the fuel cell stack in the ambient temperature outside the furnace, while the ceramic clamping column 30 provides a continuous and stable clamping force at the center. This achieves pressure balance across the entire cross-section of the fuel cell stack, avoiding the risks of leaks due to insufficient sealing caused by applying pressure only at the center or poor electrical contact due to insufficient pressure at the center caused by applying pressure only with the spring.

[0079] Meanwhile, the reaction force generated when the pressurizing component applies the tightening force is balanced by the side tension of the gantry-type pull plate 8 and the U-shaped furnace body tension plate 13, thereby protecting the furnace cover moving mechanism 3.

[0080] When the sintering furnace of this embodiment functions as a spring-pressurized furnace, it can sinter multiple small-area fuel cell stacks relative to the furnace chamber size in the same furnace, enabling batch production of small-area fuel cell stacks. The following is a detailed description of the furnace loading process for multi-stack sintering of two small-area spring-pressurized fuel cell stacks in this embodiment: See [link to details]. Figure 5 First, for each small-area fuel cell stack 37, its respective spring-pressurizing clamp is assembled onto the stack, forming two independent fuel cell stack-spring-pressurizing clamp assemblies 34. In each fuel cell stack-spring-pressurizing clamp assembly 34, spring force is applied around the fuel cell stack. Then, the two fuel cell stack-spring-pressurizing clamp assemblies 34 are installed into the corresponding station of the sintering furnace in this embodiment. The respective spring-pressurizing components 35 protrude from the corresponding first through-wall hole 6, and the unused second through-wall hole 7 is blocked with a heat insulation plug 23, thereby realizing the function of sintering two small-area fuel cell stacks 37 in the same furnace.

[0081] The sintering furnace of this embodiment can also perform center-pressure sintering on a small-area fuel cell stack 37 independently. The following is a detailed description of the furnace loading process for center-pressure sintering of a single small-area fuel cell stack 37 in this embodiment: See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 A single small-area fuel cell stack 37 is placed at the center of the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate 21. The furnace cover moving mechanism 3 lowers the furnace cover 2 to close the top opening of the furnace body 1. After the furnace cover 2 closes the top opening, the furnace body tensioning plate 13 and the gantry-type tensioning plate 8 are securely connected by a detachable connector 15. The ceramic clamping column 30 is inserted into the inner cavity through the second through-wall hole 7, with its lower end pressing against the small-area fuel cell stack 37. The piston end of the control cylinder 12 extends downward to abut against the upper end of the ceramic clamping column 30, indirectly applying a clamping force to the center of the small-area fuel cell stack 37 through the ceramic clamping column 30. During high-temperature sintering in the furnace, the pressure assembly provides a continuous and stable clamping force at the center of the small-area fuel cell stack 37, thereby achieving axial clamping of the fuel cell stack. For the small-area fuel cell stack 37, the center pressurization method simplifies the fuel cell stack pressurization tooling structure, has good adaptability to different specifications of fuel cell stacks, and is particularly suitable for comparing and verifying multiple schemes during the fuel cell stack development stage.

[0082] See Figure 7In this embodiment, the sintering furnace can also be used as an independent heating unit, quickly expanding into an SOFC power generation / testing system. The fuel cell stack is installed inside the sintering furnace, and the pressurization assembly provides axial clamping force to the stack. The anode inlet pipe 39, cathode inlet pipe 40, anode exhaust pipe 41, cathode exhaust pipe 42, anode electrode 43, and cathode electrode 44 of the fuel cell stack extend through the reserved through-wall holes. The anode inlet pipe 39 is connected to the fuel gas output terminal 454 of the gas distribution system 45, the anode exhaust pipe 41 is connected to the anode tail gas receiving terminal 451 of the gas distribution system 45, the cathode inlet pipe 40 is connected to the air output terminal 452 of the gas distribution system 45, the cathode exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the cathode tail gas receiving terminal 453 of the gas distribution system 45, the anode electrode 43 is connected to the electronic load 46 and the negative terminal of the battery tester, and the cathode electrode 44 is connected to the electronic load 46 and the positive terminal of the battery tester. This constitutes the SOFC testing system, which can realize the performance testing of the fuel cell stack and single cell / single-cell fuel cell stack. When the electronic load 46 is replaced with a physical load, the system transforms into an SOFC power generation system. The reserved through-wall hole can be the through-wall hole on the furnace cover mentioned above, or it can be designed separately as needed.

[0083] See Figure 8 In this embodiment, the sintering furnace can also be used as an independent heating unit, quickly expanding into an SOEC electrolysis system / testing system. The fuel cell stack is installed inside the sintering furnace, with the central cylinder 12 providing axial clamping force. The anode inlet pipe 39, cathode inlet pipe 40, anode exhaust pipe 41, cathode exhaust pipe 42, anode electrode 43, and cathode electrode 44 of the fuel cell stack extend through the reserved through-wall holes. The anode inlet pipe 39 is connected to the water vapor output terminal 455 of the gas distribution system 45, the anode exhaust pipe 41 is connected to the anode tail gas receiving terminal of the gas distribution system 45, the cathode inlet pipe 40 is connected to the air output terminal of the gas distribution system 45, the cathode exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the cathode tail gas receiving terminal of the gas distribution system 45, the anode electrode 43 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply 47, and the cathode electrode 44 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply 47. This constitutes the SOEC testing system. By monitoring and calculating the inlet flow rate, exhaust flow rate, voltage, and current, the electrolysis performance testing of the fuel cell stack and single-cell / single-cell fuel cell stack can be achieved. When the hydrogen in the anode tail gas and the oxygen in the cathode tail gas are separated and collected, the system is transformed into an SOEC electrolysis system.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] In Example 1, there may be unused through-holes, which could lead to energy waste due to heat loss from these unused holes.

[0086] Therefore, based on Embodiment 1, the sintering furnace of this embodiment further includes a first heat insulation plug 22 adapted to the first through-wall hole 6 and a second heat insulation plug 23 adapted to the second through-wall hole 7. The first heat insulation plug 22 is used to seal the unused first through-wall hole 6; the second heat insulation plug 23 is used to seal the unused second through-wall hole 7, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat insulation plug 22 is shown. The structure of the second heat insulation plug 23 is the same as that of the first heat insulation plug 22, except that the size is different.

[0087] In this embodiment, unused through-holes are sealed with heat-insulating plugs to prevent heat loss from unused holes and reduce equipment energy consumption.

[0088] Both the first heat-insulating plug 22 and the second heat-insulating plug 23 are made of high-temperature resistant heat-insulating materials, such as mullite refractories, aluminosilicate refractories, and silicon carbide refractories.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Based on Example 1, the sintering furnace in this embodiment also includes a first T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve 24 and a second T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve 25, both of which are split ring structures, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, when the spring pressure member 35 passes through the first through-wall hole 6, the first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 24 is sleeved outside the spring pressure member 35 and located between the spring pressure member 35 and the hole wall of the first through-wall hole 6; when the clamping member of the pressure assembly passes through the second through-wall hole 7, the second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 25 is sleeved outside the clamping member of the pressure assembly and located between the clamping member of the pressure assembly and the hole wall of the second through-wall hole 7.

[0091] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the first T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve 24 with a split ring structure is shown. In this embodiment, the T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve with a split ring structure fills the gap between the through-wall hole and the rod component passing through the through-wall hole. Even when the rod component, i.e., the spring pressure component 35 or the pressure assembly clamping component, is in the moving state, it can still maintain good sealing performance, further reducing the loss of heat in the furnace, thereby achieving energy saving and high efficiency.

[0092] The main bodies of the first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 24 and the second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 25 can both be made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials, such as alumina ceramics, silicon carbide, and other high-temperature resistant materials. The inner side walls of the main bodies of both the first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 24 and the second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve 25 are lined with flexible high-temperature resistant heat-insulating felt to accommodate larger dimensional and positional tolerances. The flexible high-temperature resistant heat-insulating felt can be made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber materials, such as aluminosilicate heat-insulating felt.

[0093] It is understandable that when the sintering furnace of this application is rapidly expanded into an SOEC electrolysis system / detection system or an SOFC power generation system / detection system as an independent heating unit, a corresponding T-shaped sealing and heat insulation sleeve can be fitted in the gap between each through-wall hole and the rod component passing through the corresponding through-wall hole to reduce heat loss.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the pressure source can take many forms. The cylinder pressure source in Embodiment 1 can be equivalently replaced by a servo motor pressure source, a counterweight pressure source, a hydraulic system pressure source, a threaded self-locking pressure source, a second spring pressure source, etc., without affecting the implementation effect of the present invention.

[0096] This invention provides a concept and method for a large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above are merely preferred embodiments of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (1) has an inner cavity with an opening at the top. A furnace body tensioning plate (13) is rigidly connected to the furnace body (1); A heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly is disposed in the inner cavity, and its bottom end passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body (1) and directly abuts against the furnace body tension plate (13). The furnace cover (2) is adapted to the furnace body (1) and is provided with a first through-wall hole (6) and a second through-wall hole (7); A furnace cover moving mechanism (3) connects the furnace body (1) and the furnace cover (2) for at least raising and lowering the furnace cover (2) to open or close the top opening; A gantry-type pull plate (8) is set on the top of the furnace cover (2), and its two side upright plates are rigidly connected to the furnace cover (2). And a pressurizing assembly, including a pressurizing source installed on the gantry pull plate (8) and a clamping member passing through the second through-wall hole (7), the clamping member extending vertically downward to apply a clamping force to the center of the electric stack-spring pressurizing clamp assembly (34) carried on the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly under the drive of the pressurizing source; The furnace body tensioning plate (13) and the gantry-type tensioning plate (8) are connected by a detachable connector (15) to form a rigid closed frame. When a top clamping force is applied, the rigid closed frame bears the reaction force generated by the pressure source and the pressure transmitted through the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support component, forming a self-balancing force flow inside it, so that the furnace body (1) and the furnace cover moving mechanism (3) are outside the load path of the self-balancing force flow. The spring pressure member (35) in the fuel cell stack-spring pressure clamp assembly (34) extends out of the furnace cover (2) through the first through-wall hole (6).

2. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first foot cup (31) and a second foot cup (32), both of which are height adjustable. The first foot cup (31) is installed at the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body (1); the second foot cup (32) is installed at the bottom of the furnace body tension plate (13) and is located directly below the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly, which passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body (1).

3. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pressure source is a cylinder (12), the clamping component is a ceramic clamping column (30), and the cylinder is installed on the top crossbeam of the gantry-type pull plate (8).

4. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The detachable connector (15) is a tension bolt.

5. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the inner cavity of the furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace bottom insulation layer. The furnace bottom insulation layer and the bottom wall of the furnace body (1) are provided with a third through hole that passes through both. The third through hole is directly opposite to the second through hole (7). The heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly includes a ceramic support tube (19) and a high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate (21); the ceramic support tube (19) is vertically embedded in the third through-wall hole, and the outer wall surface of the ceramic support tube (19) is in close contact with the furnace bottom insulation layer; the lower end of the ceramic support tube (19) abuts against the furnace body tension plate (13), so that the bottom end of the heat-resistant and pressure-resistant support assembly passes through the bottom wall of the furnace body (1) and directly abuts against the furnace body tension plate (13); the upper end of the ceramic support tube (19) is flush with the furnace bottom insulation layer; the high-temperature resistant ceramic firing plate (21) is supported on the upper end of the ceramic support tube (19).

6. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a heat insulation core (20), which is filled inside the ceramic load-bearing tube (19) and in close contact with the inner wall of the ceramic load-bearing tube (19).

7. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The furnace cover moving mechanism (3) is a lifting and rotating mechanism, including a lifting piston (33), a lifting cylinder sleeve (4), and a driving mechanism (5); the lifting cylinder sleeve (4) is fixedly installed on the furnace body (1), the lifting piston (33) is movably sleeved in the lifting cylinder sleeve (4), and the upper end of the lifting piston (33) is connected to the furnace cover (2); the driving mechanism (5) is connected to the lifting piston (33) or the lifting cylinder sleeve (4) for driving the furnace cover (2) to lift and rotate.

8. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature controller (17), a thermocouple (18) and a heating element (16). The thermocouple (18) and the heating element (16) are respectively installed on the inner wall of the furnace body (1) and respectively connected to the temperature controller (17) to form a closed-loop temperature control system.

9. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC fuel cell stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a first heat insulation plug (22) adapted to the first through hole (6) and a second heat insulation plug (23) adapted to the second through hole (7), wherein the first heat insulation plug (22) is used to seal the unused first through hole (6); and the second heat insulation plug (23) is used to seal the unused second through hole (7).

10. The large-area flat-plate SOFC / SOEC stack sintering furnace compatible with multiple pressurization modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve (24) and a second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve (25), both of which are split ring structures. When the spring pressure member (35) passes through the first through-wall hole (6), the first T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve (24) is sleeved outside the spring pressure member (35) and located between the spring pressure member (35) and the hole wall of the first through-wall hole (6). When the clamping member of the pressure assembly passes through the second through-wall hole (7), the second T-shaped sealing and heat-insulating sleeve (25) is sleeved outside the clamping member of the pressure assembly and located between the clamping member of the pressure assembly and the hole wall of the second through-wall hole (7).

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