A BDU assembly and battery pack

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of battery management unit technology for new energy vehicles, specifically to a BDU assembly and battery pack. The technical solution includes a buffer-cooling battery housing, a BDU assembly, and a battery pack. The buffer-cooling battery housing includes a bottom outer shell, a rear BDU shell mounted on the rear end of the top surface of the bottom outer shell, and battery side shells mounted on both sides of the top surface of the bottom outer shell. A breakage deflection energy-absorbing structure is installed between the battery side shells and the rear BDU shell. The breakage deflection energy-absorbing structure includes a fixing clip, and a ramp heat exchange duct is located inside the rear BDU shell. The beneficial effect of this invention is that when the rear BDU shell is subjected to a severe impact, the fixing clip will break, and then the rear BDU shell will push the BDU assembly to slide along the surface of the ramp heat exchange duct to the upper part of the battery pack. Simultaneously, the rear end of the bottom outer shell, the rear end of the top outer shell, and the buffer-folding heat-conducting structure will deform to absorb the impact force during the collision, thereby protecting the BDU assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management unit technology for new energy vehicles, specifically to a BDU assembly and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] The battery duplex (BDU) assembly and battery pack are important components of electric and hybrid vehicles. The main function of the BDU is to control the power transmission between the battery and the electric motor. It can disconnect or connect the circuit between the battery and the electric motor according to the vehicle's operating needs to ensure safe and efficient power use. The battery pack is usually composed of multiple battery cells forming a module to meet the power requirements of the electric vehicle. While the design location of the BDU (Battery Management Unit) assembly varies depending on the electric vehicle model and manufacturer, placing the BDU at the rear of the battery pack remains a common design in most new energy vehicles. However, this design may present some potential drawbacks or challenges, including: 1. Insufficient collision protection: When a new energy vehicle is involved in a rear-end collision, the structure at the rear of the battery pack will be affected during the collision. The BDU may face a significant impact risk, leading to functional failure or physical damage. 2. Heat accumulation: Although placing the BDU at the rear end helps with heat dissipation, the BDU may still be at risk of overheating under high-intensity operation, affecting its performance and lifespan; In addition, existing BDU assemblies typically include various electronic components such as heating plates, relays, and sensors. During the operation of new energy vehicles, collisions and bumps to the vehicle body may cause some smaller or lighter electronic components inside the BDU assembly to become loose due to vibration, resulting in electrical connection failures. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a BDU assembly and battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a BDU assembly, comprising a BDU outer shell and a BDU inner shell, wherein the BDU outer shell includes a lower BDU housing and an upper BDU housing, the lower BDU housing is installed above the upper BDU housing, and the BDU inner shell is disposed within the lower BDU housing and the upper BDU housing, the BDU inner shell including an inner shell base and an inner shell cover plate, the inner shell base being installed above the inner shell cover plate, and shock-absorbing structures being provided on both sides of the inner shell base and the inner shell cover plate, wherein a PCB circuit board, a current detection unit, and a relay are installed inside the inner shell base, and a terminal retainer is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell cover plate.

[0004] Preferably, both the inner base of the BDU and the inner wall of the BDU inner cover are provided with fixing brackets. The PCB circuit board, the current detection unit and the relay are all installed between the fixing brackets in the inner base of the BDU and the fixing brackets in the inner cover of the BDU. The surfaces of the current detection unit and the relay are provided with wiring terminals. The terminal retainer presses and fixes the wiring terminals.

[0005] Preferably, the shock-absorbing structure includes a buffer bracket, which is installed at both ends of the inner wall of the lower shell of the BDU. A first energy-absorbing block is installed on the side of the buffer bracket closer to the inner shell cover of the BDU, and a second energy-absorbing block is installed on the side of the buffer bracket away from the inner shell cover of the BDU.

[0006] A battery pack includes a buffer-cooling battery housing and a battery pack. The buffer-cooling battery housing includes a bottom outer shell with a plurality of battery slots on its top surface. The battery pack is installed in the battery slots. A bottom deformation groove is provided at the rear end of the bottom of the bottom outer shell. A front battery casing is installed at the front end of the top of the bottom outer shell, and a rear battery unit casing (BDU) is installed at the rear end. Battery side casings are installed on both sides of the top surface of the bottom outer shell. A crushing deflection energy absorption structure is installed between the battery side casings and the rear BDU casing. The crushing deflection energy absorption structure includes a fixing clip connected between the battery side casings and the rear BDU casing. An internal heat dissipation circulation duct is also installed on the top of the bottom outer shell. The internal heat dissipation circulation duct includes a ramp heat exchange duct located inside the rear BDU casing. A top outer shell is installed above the battery pack. A top deformation groove is provided at the rear end of the top surface of the top outer shell. A buffer-folding heat conduction structure is provided inside the top outer shell.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing deflection energy absorption structure includes a first slide rail, which is installed at both ends of the rear shell of the BDU. A first slider is slidably installed inside the first slide rail. One end of a rotating cantilever is rotatably installed at the lower end of the first slider, and a second slider is rotatably installed at the other end of the rotating cantilever.

[0008] Preferably, the breaking deflection energy absorption structure includes a second slide rail, which is installed at one end of the battery side shell near the rear shell of the BDU. The second slider is slidably installed in the second slide rail. One end of the fixing clip is inserted into the battery side shell, and the other end is inserted into the rear shell of the BDU.

[0009] Preferably, the built-in heat dissipation circulation air duct includes a heat dissipation air duct, which is disposed between two adjacent battery packs. The heat dissipation air duct is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom outer casing. The inner wall of the heat dissipation air duct has sheet-like protrusions on both sides. The front casing surface of the battery is provided with a front casing vent. One end of the heat dissipation air duct is connected to the front casing vent, and the other end extends to the inclined heat exchange air duct.

[0010] Preferably, the built-in heat dissipation circulation duct includes heat exchange fans, and two sets of heat exchange fans are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the inner wall of the inclined heat exchange duct. A heat exchange duct vent is provided on the side of the inclined heat exchange duct near the heat dissipation duct, and the heat exchange duct vent is connected to the end of the heat dissipation duct away from the front shell vent.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer folding heat-conducting structure includes an internal heat-conducting sheet, and a plurality of internal heat-conducting sheets are arranged and installed on the inner wall of the top outer shell. The bottom of the internal heat-conducting sheet is in contact with the top surface of the lower casing of the BDU and the top surface of the battery pack. The portion of the top outer shell with a top deformation groove is provided with a raised structure, and the surface of the internal heat-conducting sheet located within the raised structure of the top outer shell is provided with a heat-conducting sheet deformation groove.

[0012] Preferably, the portion of the top surface of the top outer shell that does not have a top deformation groove is provided with a top heat sink, and the outer sides of the BDU rear shell, battery side shell, and battery front shell are all provided with raised sheet-like heat dissipation structures.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. When the rear casing of the BDU at the rear end of the buffer heat dissipation battery housing is subjected to a severe impact, the fixing clip will break. Then, under the impact, the rear casing of the BDU pushes the BDU assembly to slide along the surface of the sloping heat exchange air duct to the top of the battery pack. At the same time, the rear end of the bottom casing, the rear end of the top casing, and the buffer folding heat conduction structure will deform to absorb the impact force during the collision, so as to protect the BDU assembly and effectively improve the safety and durability of the BDU component in dynamic environments. 2. Through the built-in heat dissipation circulation duct, air circulation is formed between the BDU and the battery pack to effectively absorb the heat generated during the operation of the battery and BDU, and reduce the temperature of the BDU assembly and the center of the battery pack in a timely manner, thereby keeping the system within the optimal operating temperature range and improving performance and safety. 3. By inverting the inner shell of the BDU and installing it inside the rear shell of the BDU, the electronic component terminals of the inner shell of the BDU are pressed downward onto the terminal retainer. Gravity is used to directly apply the weight of the components to the terminals, thereby improving connection stability and enhancing the structural integrity and shock resistance of the entire BDU. This effectively prevents the wiring from becoming loose due to vibration during vehicle operation. 4. The shock-absorbing structures on both sides of the BDU inner shell absorb and mitigate lateral external impacts and vibrations, thereby reducing the direct impact of vibrations on the internal components of the BDU and improving the overall shock resistance, providing additional protection for the sensitive electronic components inside the BDU. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1The front view provided for this invention; Figure 2 The overall exploded view provided for this invention; Figure 3 A sectional view of the top outer shell provided for this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the rear casing of the BDU provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inclined heat exchange duct provided by the present invention; Figure 6 Exploded view of the front casing of the battery provided by this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the BDU assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the BDU assembly under impact conditions provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the breakage deflection energy absorption structure provided by the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the deflection state of the breakage deflection energy absorption structure provided by the present invention; Figure 11 Cross-sectional views of the first and second slide rails provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall inverted state provided by the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the BDU assembly installation provided by the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower casing of the BDU provided by the present invention; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the BDU inner shell base provided by the present invention: Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the BDU inner shell base and the inner wall structure of the BDU inner shell cover plate provided by the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 111. Bottom casing; 112. Battery compartment; 113. Bottom deformation groove; 121. BDU rear casing; 122. Battery side casing; 123. Battery front casing; 124. Front casing vent; 125. Heat dissipation duct; 131. Top casing; 132. Top heat sink; 133. Top deformation groove; 134. Internal heat-conducting fin; 135. Heat-conducting fin deformation groove; 14. Battery pack; 151. Rotating cantilever; 152. First slide rail; 153. Second slide rail; 154. First slide rail... 155. Second slider, 156. Fixing clip, 161. BDU lower housing, 162. BDU upper housing, 163. Buffer bracket, 164. First energy-absorbing block, 165. Second energy-absorbing block, 171. Inclined heat exchange duct, 172. Heat exchange duct vent, 173. Heat exchange fan, 181. BDU inner housing base, 182. BDU inner housing cover, 183. Terminal retainer, 184. Fixing bracket, 185. PCB circuit board, 186. Current detection unit, 187. Relay. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 13 - Figure 15 As shown, a BDU assembly includes a BDU outer shell and a BDU inner shell. The BDU outer shell includes a lower BDU housing 161 and an upper BDU housing 162. The lower BDU housing 161 is installed above the upper BDU housing 162. The BDU inner shell is disposed inside the lower BDU housing 161 and the upper BDU housing 162. The BDU inner shell includes an inner shell base 181 and an inner shell cover 182. The inner shell base 181 is installed above the inner shell cover 182. Vibration damping structures are provided on both sides of the inner shell base 181 and the inner shell cover 182. A PCB circuit board 185, a current detection unit 186, and a relay 187 are installed inside the inner shell base 181. A terminal retainer 183 is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell cover 182.

[0018] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that by inverting the inner shell of the BDU and installing it inside the rear shell of the BDU, the electronic component terminals of the inner shell of the BDU are pressed downwards onto the terminal retainer 183. Gravity is used to directly apply the weight of the components to the terminals, thereby improving connection stability and enhancing the structural integrity and shock resistance of the entire BDU. This effectively prevents the wiring from becoming loose due to vibration during vehicle movement. Furthermore, the shock-absorbing structures on both sides of the inner shell of the BDU absorb and mitigate lateral external impacts and vibrations, further reducing the direct impact of vibration on the internal components of the BDU, thereby improving the overall shock resistance and providing additional protection for the sensitive electronic components inside the BDU. The PCB circuit board 185 serves as the main carrier for all electronic components, providing electrical connections and support. The PCB circuit board 185 houses a microcontroller, and also includes: Battery monitoring chips are used to monitor the battery's voltage, current, temperature, and status in real time to ensure that the battery operates within a safe range. The charging control circuit is used to manage the battery charging process, including switching of charging modes and control of charging power. Battery management software is used to coordinate various sensors and circuits, and is responsible for battery status assessment, charging and discharging strategies, and fault diagnosis. Communication interfaces are used to provide data transmission with other vehicle control units, charging devices, or user interfaces, such as CAN bus interfaces; Connectors and terminal blocks are used to provide safe and reliable electrical connections to ensure the transmission of signals and power; The current detection unit 186 is equipped with: Temperature sensors are used to monitor battery temperature and prevent overheating or low-temperature operation from affecting battery performance; A current sensor is used to detect the charging and discharging current of a battery, helping to calculate the remaining battery capacity and health status. Relay 187 is responsible for controlling the power switch. There are usually multiple sets of relays 187 for different purposes in the BDU. Each relay 187 is equipped with a terminal block and is also connected to a fuse. The fuse provides overcurrent and short circuit protection to ensure the safety of the system.

[0019] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 13 - Figure 16As shown, a BDU assembly further includes: a fixing bracket 184 is provided on the inner wall of both the BDU inner shell base 181 and the BDU inner shell cover 182; a PCB circuit board 185, a current detection unit 186, and a relay 187 are all installed between the fixing bracket 184 in the BDU inner shell base 181 and the fixing bracket 184 in the BDU inner shell cover 182; wiring terminals are provided on the surfaces of the current detection unit 186 and the relay 187; a terminal retainer 183 presses and fixes the wiring terminals; and a shock absorption structure includes a buffer bracket 163, which is installed at both ends of the inner wall of the BDU lower shell 161. A first energy-absorbing block 164 is installed on the side of the buffer bracket 163 near the BDU inner shell cover 182, and a second energy-absorbing block 165 is installed on the side of the buffer bracket 163 away from the BDU inner shell cover 182.

[0020] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that the first energy-absorbing block 164 and the second energy-absorbing block 165 are made of rubber material, and the buffer bracket 163 is made of aluminum alloy material. The first energy-absorbing block 164 and the second energy-absorbing block 165 can absorb the impact force in the left and right directions on the lower shell 161 and the upper shell 162 of the BDU, thereby protecting the inner shell cover 182 of the BDU, the inner shell base 181 of the BDU and the internal electronic components. The BDU inner shell, consisting of the BDU inner shell base 181 and the BDU inner shell cover 182, is installed in the BDU lower shell 161 and the BDU upper shell 162. Then, the BDU outer shell, consisting of the BDU lower shell 161 and the BDU upper shell 162, is installed upside down in the BDU rear shell 121. Subsequently, the inclined heat exchange duct 171 is installed on the top surface of the BDU lower shell 161. Finally, the bottom shell 111 is installed. After the installation is completed, the entire assembly is flipped over to achieve the effect of pressing the terminals of electronic components such as the relay 187 downward onto the terminal retainer 183.

[0021] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 and Figure 13As shown, a battery pack includes a buffer heat dissipation battery housing and a battery pack 14. The buffer heat dissipation battery housing includes a bottom outer shell 111, with a plurality of battery slots 112 provided on the top surface of the bottom outer shell 111. The battery pack 14 is installed in the battery slots 112. A bottom deformation groove 113 is provided at the bottom rear end of the bottom outer shell 111. A front battery casing 123 is installed at the front end of the top surface of the bottom outer shell 111, and a rear battery DU casing 121 is installed at the rear end. Battery side casings 122 are installed on both sides of the top surface of the bottom outer shell 111. The battery side casings 122 and the rear battery DU casing 121 are connected together. The battery pack has a deflection and energy absorption structure, which includes a fixing clip 156. The fixing clip 156 is installed and connected between the battery side shell 122 and the BDU rear shell 121. The bottom shell 111 also has an internal heat dissipation circulation duct installed on its top. The internal heat dissipation circulation duct includes a ramp heat exchange duct 171, which is located inside the BDU rear shell 121. A top shell 131 is installed above the battery pack 14. A top deformation groove 133 is provided at the rear end of the top surface of the top shell 131. A buffer folding heat conduction structure is provided inside the top shell 131.

[0022] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that, The bottom outer shell 111, top outer shell 131, front battery casing 123, side battery casing 122, and rear BDU casing 121 are all made of lightweight, high-strength, and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy. At the same time, aluminum alloy has good ductility and impact absorption capacity. When the rear ends of the bottom outer shell 111 and the top outer shell 131 are impacted, the rear end of the bottom outer shell 111 will bend and deform along the direction of the bottom deformation groove 113, and the rear end of the top outer shell 131 will bend and deform along the direction of the top deformation groove 133. The fixed clamp 156 is a composite connection workpiece. Its inner core is made of low carbon steel (Q235 steel), and the outer layer is made of aluminum alloy (6061 aluminum alloy, 7075 aluminum alloy). The aluminum alloy outer layer can provide a good strength-to-weight ratio, while having good ductility and impact absorption capacity. The low carbon steel inner core has good machinability and moderate strength, and can achieve penetration and fracture when subjected to strong impact. When the rear BDU housing 121 at the rear end of the buffer heat dissipation battery casing is subjected to a severe impact, the fixing clip 156 will break. Then, under the impact, the rear BDU housing 121 pushes the BDU assembly to slide along the surface of the sloped heat exchange duct 171 to the upper part of the battery pack 14. At the same time, the rear end of the bottom housing 111, the rear end of the top housing 131, and the buffer folding heat conduction structure will deform to absorb the impact force during the collision, so as to protect the BDU assembly and effectively improve the safety and durability of the BDU component in dynamic environments. By using a built-in heat dissipation circulation duct, air circulation is formed between the BDU and the battery pack 14 to effectively absorb the heat generated during the operation of the battery and BDU, and reduce the temperature of the BDU assembly and the center of the battery pack in a timely manner, thereby keeping the system within the optimal operating temperature range and improving performance and safety.

[0023] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 and Figure 7 - Figure 13 As shown, a battery pack further includes a breakage deflection energy absorption structure comprising a first slide rail 152, which is installed at both ends of the rear casing 121 of the battery dual unit (BDU). A first slider 154 is slidably installed inside the first slide rail 152. One end of a rotating cantilever 151 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the first slider 154, and a second slider 155 is rotatably installed at the other end of the rotating cantilever 151. The breakage deflection energy absorption structure also includes a second slide rail 153, which is installed at one end of the battery side casing 122 near the rear casing 121 of the BDU. The second slider 155 is slidably installed inside the second slide rail 153. One end of a fixing clip 156 is inserted into the battery side casing 122, and the other end is inserted into the rear casing 121 of the BDU.

[0024] In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the rotating cantilever 151 is made of high-strength steel and has the characteristic of being able to withstand strong impacts without deformation. When the BDU rear casing 121 is subjected to a strong impact, the fixing clip 156 will break first. Then, the rotating cantilever 151 will be linked to the first slider 154 to slide in the first slide rail 152, and at the same time, the second slider 155 will slide in the second slide rail 152 to achieve the effect of limiting the movement direction of the BDU rear casing 121. Under the restriction of the rotating cantilever 151, the BDU rear casing 121 slides along the surface of the inclined heat exchange duct 171 to the upper part of the battery pack 14.

[0025] like Figure 4 - Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 13As shown, a battery pack further includes a built-in heat dissipation circulation duct including a heat dissipation duct 125, which is disposed between two adjacent battery packs 14. The heat dissipation duct 125 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom outer casing 111. The inner wall of the heat dissipation duct 125 has sheet-like protrusions on both sides. The surface of the front casing 123 of the battery pack is provided with a front casing vent 124. One end of the heat dissipation duct 125 is connected to the front casing vent 124, and the other end extends to the inclined heat exchange duct 171. The built-in heat dissipation circulation duct includes heat exchange fans 173. Two sets of heat exchange fans 173 are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the inner wall of the inclined heat exchange duct 171. The side of the inclined heat exchange duct 171 near the heat dissipation duct 125 is provided with a heat exchange duct vent 172, which is connected to the end of the heat dissipation duct 125 away from the front casing vent 124.

[0026] In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the microcontroller on the PCB circuit board 185 controls the start of the heat exchange fan 173, which drives the air circulation inside the ramp heat exchange duct 171. External cold air enters the heat dissipation duct 125 from the front shell vent 124 and exchanges heat with the inner wall of the heat dissipation duct 125 to cool the battery pack 14. Then, the air enters the ramp heat exchange duct 171 from the heat exchange duct vent 172 to cool the BDU assembly. Finally, the hot air is driven by the heat exchange fan 173 and discharged from both ends of the ramp heat exchange duct 171 for continuous heat dissipation.

[0027] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a battery pack further includes a buffer folding heat-conducting structure comprising an internal heat-conducting sheet 134. A plurality of internal heat-conducting sheets 134 are arranged and installed on the inner wall of the top outer shell 131. The bottom of the internal heat-conducting sheet 134 contacts the top surface of the lower shell 161 of the BDU and the top surface of the battery pack 14. The portion of the rear end of the top outer shell 131 with a top deformation groove 133 is provided with a raised structure. The surface of the internal heat-conducting sheet 134 located within the raised structure of the top outer shell 131 is provided with a heat-conducting sheet deformation groove 135. The portion of the top surface of the top outer shell 131 without a top deformation groove 133 is provided with a top heat sink 132. The outer sides of the rear shell 121 of the BDU, the battery side shell 122, and the front shell 123 of the battery are all provided with raised sheet-like heat dissipation structures.

[0028] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that the heat-conducting sheet 134 inside the shell is made of aluminum alloy (6061 aluminum alloy, 7075 aluminum alloy). Under normal conditions, the heat-conducting sheet 134 inside the shell can conduct heat from the surface of the battery pack 14 to the top shell 131 and dissipate heat from the top heat sink 132. The raised structure at the rear end of the top outer shell 131 provides ample space for the deformation of the heat-conducting fin 134 inside the shell and the folding of the BDU assembly. When the rear shell 121 of the BDU pushes the BDU assembly to slide along the sloping heat exchange duct 171, the rear end of the heat-conducting fin 134 inside the shell will deform and fold along the deformation groove 135 of the heat-conducting fin under impact, so as to absorb the impact force and reduce the damage to the BDU assembly.

[0029] The usage process of this invention is as follows: When the rear casing 121 of the BDU at the rear end of the buffer heat dissipation battery housing is severely impacted, the fixing clip 156 will break first. Then, the rotating cantilever 151 will drive the first slider 154 to slide in the first slide rail 152, while the second slider 155 slides in the second slide rail 15. Immediately afterward, under the influence of the impact, the rear casing 121 of the BDU pushes the BDU assembly to slide along the surface of the inclined heat exchange duct 171 to the upper part of the battery pack 14. At the same time, the rear end of the bottom outer casing 111 will bend and deform along the direction of the bottom deformation groove 113, and the rear end of the top outer casing 131 will bend and deform along the direction of the top deformation groove 133. Under the impact, the rear end of the heat-conducting sheet 134 inside the casing will deform and fold along the heat-conducting sheet deformation groove 135 to absorb the impact force during the collision and protect the BDU assembly.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify the present invention or modify it into an equivalent technical solution using the technical solutions described above. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A BDU assembly, comprising a BDU outer shell and a BDU inner shell, characterized in that: The BDU outer shell includes a lower BDU shell (161) and an upper BDU shell (162). The lower BDU shell (161) is installed above the upper BDU shell (162). The inner BDU shell is disposed inside the lower BDU shell (161) and the upper BDU shell (162). The inner BDU shell includes an inner shell base (181) and an inner BDU shell cover (182). The inner shell base (181) is installed above the inner BDU shell cover (182). Shock-absorbing structures are provided on both sides of the inner shell base (181) and the inner BDU shell cover (182). A PCB circuit board (185), a current detection unit (186), and a relay (187) are installed inside the inner BDU shell base (181). A terminal retainer (183) is provided on the inner wall of the inner BDU shell cover (182).

2. A BDU assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the BDU inner shell base (181) and the BDU inner shell cover plate (182) are both provided with fixing brackets (184). The PCB circuit board (185), the current detection unit (186) and the relay (187) are all installed between the fixing brackets (184) inside the BDU inner shell base (181) and the fixing brackets (184) inside the BDU inner shell cover plate (182). The surfaces of the current detection unit (186) and the relay (187) are provided with wiring terminals. The terminal retainer (183) presses and fixes the wiring terminals.

3. A BDU assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorption structure includes a buffer bracket (163), which is installed at both ends of the inner wall of the lower shell (161) of the BDU. A first energy-absorbing block (164) is installed on the side of the buffer bracket (163) near the inner shell cover plate (182) of the BDU, and a second energy-absorbing block (165) is installed on the side of the buffer bracket (163) away from the inner shell cover plate (182) of the BDU.

4. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery assembly includes a buffer heat dissipation battery housing and a battery pack (14). The buffer heat dissipation battery housing includes a bottom outer shell (111). The top surface of the bottom outer shell (111) is provided with a plurality of battery slots (112). The battery pack (14) is installed in the battery slots (112). The bottom rear end of the bottom outer shell (111) is provided with a bottom deformation groove (113). The front end of the top surface of the bottom outer shell (111) is provided with a front battery casing (123), and the rear end is provided with a rear BDU casing (121). The two sides of the top surface of the bottom outer shell (111) are provided with side battery casings (122). A crushing deflection energy absorption structure is installed between the side battery casings (122) and the rear BDU casing (121). The crushing deflection energy absorption structure includes a fixing clip (156). The fixing clip (156) is installed and connected to the battery. Between the side shell (122) and the rear shell (121) of the BDU, the top of the bottom shell (111) is also equipped with a built-in heat dissipation circulation duct. The built-in heat dissipation circulation duct includes a slope heat exchange duct (171). The slope heat exchange duct (171) is located inside the rear shell (121) of the BDU. The BDU shell composed of the lower shell (161) and the upper shell (162) of the BDU is installed between the rear shell (121) of the BDU and the slope heat exchange duct (171). The bottom slope of the upper shell (162) of the BDU is in contact with the slope surface of the slope heat exchange duct (171). A top shell (131) is installed above the battery pack (14). A top deformation groove (133) is provided at the rear end of the top surface of the top shell (131). A buffer folding heat conduction structure is provided inside the top shell (131).

5. A battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing deflection energy absorption structure includes a first slide rail (152), which is installed at both ends of the rear shell (121) of the BDU. A first slider (154) is slidably installed inside the first slide rail (152). One end of a rotating cantilever (151) is rotatably installed at the lower end of the first slider (154), and a second slider (155) is rotatably installed at the other end of the rotating cantilever (151).

6. A battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing structure for breaking deflection includes a second slide rail (153), which is installed at one end of the battery side casing (122) near the rear casing (121) of the BDU. The second slider (155) is slidably installed inside the second slide rail (153). One end of the fixing clip (156) is inserted into the battery side casing (122), and the other end is inserted into the rear casing (121) of the BDU.

7. A battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The built-in heat dissipation circulation air duct includes a heat dissipation air duct (125), which is disposed between two adjacent battery packs (14). The heat dissipation air duct (125) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom outer shell (111). The inner wall of the heat dissipation air duct (125) has sheet-like protrusions on both sides. The front shell of the battery (123) has a front shell ventilation port (124) on its surface. One end of the heat dissipation air duct (125) is connected to the front shell ventilation port (124), and the other end extends to the inclined heat exchange air duct (171).

8. A battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The built-in heat dissipation circulation duct includes heat exchange fans (173). Two sets of heat exchange fans (173) are fixedly installed at both ends of the inner wall of the inclined heat exchange duct (171). A heat exchange duct vent (172) is provided on the side of the inclined heat exchange duct (171) near the heat dissipation duct (125). The heat exchange duct vent (172) is connected to the end of the heat dissipation duct (125) away from the front shell vent (124).

9. A battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer folding heat-conducting structure includes an internal heat-conducting sheet (134). Several internal heat-conducting sheets (134) are arranged and installed on the inner wall of the top outer shell (131). The bottom of the internal heat-conducting sheet (134) is in contact with the top surface of the lower shell (161) of the BDU and the top surface of the battery pack (14). The portion of the rear end of the top outer shell (131) with a top deformation groove (133) is provided with a raised structure. The surface of the internal heat-conducting sheet (134) located within the raised structure of the top outer shell (131) is provided with a heat-conducting sheet deformation groove (135).

10. A battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The portion of the top surface of the top outer shell (131) without the top deformation groove (133) is provided with a top heat sink (132). The outer sides of the BDU rear shell (121), battery side shell (122) and battery front shell (123) are all provided with protruding sheet-like heat dissipation structures.

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