Battery module, battery pack, and electric device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of batteries, specifically providing a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device. The battery module includes a battery pack, at least one metal protection plate, and at least one insulating barrier plate. The battery pack has two opposing end faces and multiple pouch cells disposed between the two end faces. The multiple pouch cells are arranged along a first direction. The metal protection plate is disposed on the outside of the end faces of the battery pack and has an exhaust port. The orthographic projection of the exhaust port on the end face at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the sealing portion of at least one pouch cell on the end face. The insulating barrier plate is disposed between the metal protection plate and the battery pack. A weak area on the insulating barrier plate is disposed opposite to the exhaust port, and the area enclosed by the weak area is smaller than the area of ​​the exhaust port. The insulating barrier plate is fixedly connected to the metal protection plate through a separator, and the insulating barrier plate, the metal protection plate, and the separator together form a gas storage cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, specifically to a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the battery industry, pouch batteries, with their advantages of high energy density, light weight, and relatively good safety, are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage devices, and many other fields. However, pouch batteries are susceptible to thermal runaway during charge-discharge cycles, abnormal operating conditions, or long-term use. Once thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of gas will rapidly be generated inside the battery module. If the gas cannot be quickly expelled, it will cause severe heat accumulation inside the module, leading to a sharp increase in the overall burst pressure. This can easily cause serious safety accidents such as fires and explosions, affecting the safety of pouch batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of this application aim to provide a battery module, battery pack and electrical device to solve the technical problem of poor venting and pressure relief effect of existing soft-pack battery modules.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a battery module, comprising: A battery pack having two opposing end faces and a plurality of pouch cells disposed between the two end faces, the plurality of pouch cells being arranged along a first direction and a second direction being perpendicular to the end faces, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; At least one metal protection plate is disposed on the outer side of the set end face of the battery pack. The soft-pack cell includes a housing and a sealing part disposed on the housing. The sealing parts of multiple soft-pack cells are disposed opposite to the metal protection plate. The metal protection plate is provided with an exhaust port. The orthographic projection of the exhaust port on the set end face at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the sealing part of at least one soft-pack cell on the set end face. At least one insulating barrier plate is disposed between the metal protective plate and the battery pack. The insulating barrier plate has a weak area, which is disposed opposite to the exhaust port. The area enclosed by the weak area is smaller than the area of ​​the exhaust port. The insulating barrier plate is fixedly connected to the metal protective plate through an isolation member. The isolation member includes at least two transverse isolation portions that are spaced apart in a third direction and extend along a first direction. The third direction is a direction that is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction, respectively. The insulating barrier plate, the metal protective plate and the isolation member together form a gas storage cavity. The isolation component includes two horizontal isolation portions that are spaced apart from each other in a third direction and extend along a first direction, and the area between the two horizontal isolation portions on the metal protective plate is a preset area; The orthographic projection area of ​​the preset region in the second direction is S(1)mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the exhaust port in the second direction is S(2) mm. 2 S(2) / S(1) = K; The length of the preset area extending in the third direction is H(1) mm, and the length of the metal protective plate extending in the third direction is H(2) mm, H(1) / H(2)=M; K M satisfies 0.02 ≤ K M≤0.35.

[0005] Another aspect of this application provides a battery pack including at least one of the battery modules.

[0006] Another aspect of this application provides an electrical device including at least one of the battery modules or the battery pack.

[0007] In the battery module of this application embodiment, since the exhaust port corresponds to the sealing part, and the horizontal isolation part of the separator, the insulating barrier plate, and the metal protection plate form a gas storage cavity, the gas can be prevented from overflowing inside the battery module. This effectively improves the gas discharge rate of the battery module in this application embodiment when some soft-pack cells rupture due to excessive pressure, shortens the gas discharge path, and improves the exhaust efficiency. In turn, it effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway and thermal propagation of the battery module as a whole, and improves the overall safety of the battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0008] It should be understood that the following figures only illustrate certain embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope.

[0009] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used in the accompanying drawings to denote the same or similar elements.

[0010] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only schematic, and the dimensions and scales of the elements in the drawings are not necessarily precise.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a partial perspective view of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal end face of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of another battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Attached image labels: 10. Battery pack; 11. Soft-pack single cell; 111. Sealing part; 112. Electrode sheet; 113. Lead-out hole; 12. Setting end face; 20. Metal protective plate; 21. Protrusion; 22. Exhaust port; 23. Recess; 30. Insulating barrier board; 31. Weak area; 41. Top slab; 42. Side slab; 50. Isolation component; 51. Horizontal isolation section; 52. Vertical isolation section.

[0027] X - First direction; Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Numerous specific details are set forth below to provide an understanding of the structure, function, and use of the embodiments described and illustrated in the specification and figures. It is to be understood that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it will be appreciated that the particular structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and exemplary. Variations and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Research has found that, considering the relatively fragile material of the pouch cell battery casing and its susceptibility to external corrosion, existing technologies typically include a protective frame around the casing, with an exhaust port on the upper part of the frame's metal protective plate. This allows gas generated inside the pouch cell to escape after thermal runaway and cracking, reducing internal pressure and mitigating the escalation of thermal runaway. However, these existing exhaust structures still have significant drawbacks, failing to effectively achieve rapid venting. Because a large exhaust cavity is formed between the pouch cell and the metal protective plate, gas generated after cracking must diffuse within this cavity before moving to the exhaust port. This results in a long gas diffusion path and high resistance at the exhaust port, hindering rapid and smooth venting. The excessively long exhaust path causes heat and gas to continuously accumulate inside the battery module, potentially exacerbating thermal runaway and compromising the module's safety.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a battery module, which includes a battery pack 10, at least one metal protection plate 20 and at least one insulating barrier plate 30.

[0032] The battery pack 10 includes two opposing set end faces 12 and a plurality of pouch cells 11 disposed between the two set end faces. The plurality of pouch cells 11 are arranged along a first direction and a second direction is a direction perpendicular to the set end faces 12. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, that is, the two opposing set end faces 12 of the battery pack 10 are the two end faces of the battery pack 10 in the second direction.

[0033] It is understood that the pouch cell 11 includes a casing and a sealing part 111 disposed on the casing. The pouch cell 11 typically uses a flexible aluminum-plastic film as the casing, and internally contains core components such as the cell and electrolyte. Its casing can be sealed by adhesive bonding to ensure the airtightness of the pouch cell 11, prevent electrolyte leakage, and allow it to rupture and release gas when the internal gas pressure is too high. Specifically, for example... Figure 2 As shown, the outer shell edge of the pouch cell 11 is formed with a sealing portion 111 by adhesive bonding, and the sealing portion 111 of each pouch cell 11 is formed at least on the designated end face 12 of the pouch cell 11.

[0034] Specifically, the outer casing of the soft-pack single-cell battery 11 may include an outer insulating layer, a middle metal layer, and an inner insulating layer. The outer protective layer, serving as the outer insulating layer, can be made of one or more materials such as polycaprolactam (nylon 6), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or polybutylene succinate. Its main function is to maintain the shape stability of the aluminum-plastic film, ensuring that the film does not deform during lithium-ion battery manufacturing. The middle metal layer can be one or more metals or alloys such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, or nickel. The inner insulating layer can be one or more materials such as polypropylene film (PP) and cast polypropylene film (CPP). The outer protective layer itself is not waterproof and cannot meet waterproofing requirements; the middle metal layer's main function is waterproofing. After reacting with oxygen in the air, the middle metal layer forms a dense oxide film, preventing water vapor penetration and protecting the inside of the cell. Furthermore, the middle metal layer provides the necessary plasticity during the aluminum-plastic film molding process to meet the requirements of the perforation process.

[0035] It is understood that the pouch cell 11 contains a battery cell; the battery cell is the component in the battery where electrochemical reactions occur, and is the smallest unit capable of electrochemical reactions such as charging / discharging. It typically includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, with the separator located between adjacent positive and negative electrode plates. Specifically, the battery cell generally operates by the intercalation and deintercalation of corresponding ions between the positive and negative electrode plates; the structure of the battery cell can be either wound or stacked; no limitation is made here. For example, in a cylindrical battery cell, a three-layer thin-film structure is wound into a cylindrical electrode assembly, while in a cuboid battery cell, the thin-film structure is wound or stacked into an electrode assembly with a roughly cuboid shape.

[0036] The positive electrode is one of the core components in a battery that carries the positive electrode active material. During charging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions) are released from the positive electrode active material (oxidation reaction), migrate through the electrolyte, and intercalate into the negative electrode. During discharging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions in a lithium battery) are released from the negative electrode and intercalate into the positive electrode active material (reduction reaction), thus realizing the storage and release of lithium ions.

[0037] A positive electrode sheet generally includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on at least one surface of the positive current collector and includes: a positive active material, a conductive agent, and a binder. The positive active material includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: lithium phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides and their respective modified compounds, or other conventional materials that can be used as positive active materials for batteries. These positive active materials can be used alone or in combination. The lithium phosphates include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also abbreviated as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium cobalt oxides (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxides (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxides (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides, and their modified compounds.

[0038] The positive electrode current collector includes a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The positive electrode current collector can also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. Composite current collectors are formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0039] The positive electrode conductive agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of graphite, superconducting carbon, carbon black (such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, Super P, etc.), carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanofibers.

[0040] The positive electrode binder includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVDF-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, PVDF-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorinated acrylate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polymethacrylic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, etc.

[0041] The negative electrode sheet includes a negative current collector and a negative active layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative current collector. The negative current collector is a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The composite current collector may include a polymer base material and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer base material (such as a base material of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.). The negative active layer includes a negative active material, conductive components, and adhesives.

[0042] The negative electrode active material can be carbon-based materials such as graphite, porous carbon, hard carbon, soft carbon, and mesophase carbon microspheres, or silicon-based materials such as elemental silicon, silicon oxides, silicon-carbon composites, and silicon-ammonia composites. The conductive agent can be conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, etc., and the binder can be styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, etc.

[0043] Understandably, the battery cell also includes a current output terminal, which is located on one side of the positive / negative current collector of the battery cell and is separately or integrally formed with the current collector. It is electrically connected to the current collector to conduct the current on the corresponding current collector. When the current output terminal and the current collector are separately set, the current output terminal and the current collector can be connected by welding. The current output terminal is usually made of a metal material with good conductivity (such as copper, aluminum, copper or nickel).

[0044] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the current output terminal is located at the end of the pouch cell 11. It is understood that the pouch cell 11 also includes an electrode plate 112, which at least partially passes through the sealing portion 111; one end of the electrode plate 112 is electrically connected to the current output terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to an external device (an adjacent battery or other electrical equipment); the pouch cell 11 can discharge to the external device through the cell output terminal (tab) and the electrode plate 112, and an external power source can charge the pouch cell 11 through the electrode plate and the cell output terminal (tab). The electrode plate 112 can be at least one or more materials or alloys selected from aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper-aluminum alloy, steel, stainless steel, and nickel.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, an insulating seal is provided between the current output terminal and the housing of the soft-pack single cell battery 11. The insulating seal is provided between the housing and the current output terminal to insulate the current output terminal and the housing. The insulating seal can be made of polypropylene (CPP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyimide (PI), or other insulating materials.

[0046] Studies have found that, compared to prismatic and cylindrical batteries, pouch cells 11 are mostly sealed using adhesive bonding. Compared to welding and riveting, adhesive bonding of pouch cells 11 carries a higher risk of structural failure. Specifically, to suppress deformation of the battery module formed by the pouch cells 11, end plates are installed on the outside of the battery module. These end plates are secured to the outer perimeter of the battery module using cable ties or other welded fixing plates, resulting in significant constraint of the pouch cells by the outer frame. If the sealed portion 111 of the pouch cell 11 bursts, insufficient venting leads to high internal pressure within the battery module, which can easily cause heat propagation from multiple pouch cells 11, posing a safety risk of battery module fire and explosion.

[0047] Understandably, since the current output terminal of the battery cell extends outward from the sealing portion 111, and the electrode plate 112 at least partially passes through the sealing portion 111, heat generation at the sealing portion 111 is relatively concentrated, and the electrode plate 112 is located at the edge of the seal. Therefore, when the pouch cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the sealing portion 111 is prone to cracking. The current output terminal can have a multi-layer structure to facilitate venting when the pouch cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, effectively improving the venting rate of the pouch cell 11.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery module of this application embodiment includes at least one metal protection plate 20. The metal protection plate 20 is disposed on the outer side of the set end face 12 of the battery pack 10, and the sealing part 111 of a plurality of soft-pack individual cells 11 is disposed opposite to the metal protection plate 20. Specifically, the metal protection plate 20 may be disposed perpendicular to the bottom surface of the battery module.

[0049] The metal protection plate 20 protects the ends of the battery pack 10, preventing foreign objects or moisture from contacting the electrode plates 112 of the soft-pack individual cells 11 and causing a short circuit. Simultaneously, the metal protection plate 20 limits and fixes the battery pack 10, improving its mechanical strength and preventing deformation of the ends. It also serves as the lead-out point for the positive and negative terminals of the battery module. Specifically, positive and negative terminals can be provided on the metal protection plate 20, and these terminals are electrically connected to the electrode plates 112 of some of the soft-pack individual cells 11 in the battery pack 10. It is understood that the metal protection plate 20 can be made of metals such as aluminum alloy, iron, or stainless steel. In this embodiment, the battery module can have only one metal protection plate 20 on one side of the battery pack 10, or metal protection plates 20 can be provided on both sides of the battery pack 10.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the metal protective plate 20 is provided with an exhaust port 22. The orthographic projection of the exhaust port 22 on the set end face 12 at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the sealing portion 111 of at least one soft-pack cell 11 on the set end face 12. Since the metal protective plate 20 is provided with an exhaust port 22, and the sealing portions 111 of multiple soft-pack cells 11 are arranged opposite to the metal protective plate 20, the orthographic projection of the exhaust port 22 on the set end face 12 at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the sealing portion 111 of at least one soft-pack cell 11 on the set end face 12. The exhaust port 22 can serve as a channel for fluid to be discharged from the battery module. After the sealing portion 111 of the soft-pack cell 11 ruptures, the fluid discharged can be discharged from the corresponding exhaust port 22, so as to ensure smooth pressure relief of the battery module in this embodiment, effectively improve the exhaust rate of the battery module in this embodiment, ensure the safety of the battery module, and avoid severe thermal runaway caused by open flame in the battery module.

[0051] In one embodiment of this application, the thickness of the metal protection plate 20 ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm, which can effectively reduce the molding difficulty of the exhaust port 22, ensure that the gas ejected when the soft-pack single cell battery 11 experiences severe thermal runaway can break through the metal protection plate 20, and also effectively ensure the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20 to avoid breakage.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, the battery module of this embodiment includes at least one insulating barrier plate 30, which is disposed between the metal protection plate 20 and the battery pack 10. A weak area 31 is provided on the insulating barrier plate 30, and the weak area 31 is disposed opposite to the vent 22. It is understood that in the battery module of this embodiment, the insulating barrier plate 30 and the metal protection plate 20 can be correspondingly disposed, and each insulating barrier plate 30 can be disposed between the corresponding metal protection plate 20 and the battery pack 10. The insulating barrier plate 30 can improve the insulation effect between the battery pack 10 and the metal protection plate 20, while preventing external moisture and foreign objects from entering the battery module through the vent 22, thereby causing a short circuit inside the battery module. The material of the insulating barrier plate 30 can include one or more of epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, polyvinyl chloride, mica board, etc. The thickness of the insulating barrier plate 30 ranges from 0.1mm to 2mm to ensure the insulation effect of the insulating barrier plate 30 while reducing the space required for the insulating barrier plate 30. Because the insulating barrier plate 30 has a weak area 31, which is positioned opposite to the exhaust port 22, the gas generated by the soft-pack single cell 11 can flow through the weak area 31 to the exhaust port 22. Finally, the gas is discharged to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust port 22, completing the pressure relief process. This avoids severe thermal runaway and heat propagation caused by the accumulation of internal pressure in the battery module, significantly improving the safety of the battery module. Furthermore, the weak area 31 not only ensures the smooth passage of gas but also serves to prevent foreign objects and water and gas, further enhancing the electrical safety and protection of the battery module.

[0053] The weak area 31 can be a region that is thinner than the body area of ​​the insulating barrier plate 30, or it can be a gap or groove set on the insulating barrier plate 30, so that the gas generated by the soft-pack single cell battery 11 can flow through the weak area 31 to the exhaust port 22, and finally the gas is discharged to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust port 22.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the area enclosed by the weak region 31 is smaller than the area of ​​the exhaust port 22, which can better achieve isolation and protection between the battery pack 10 and the metal protection plate 20, preventing external moisture or foreign objects from affecting the internal safety of the battery module. Wherein, as Figure 4As shown, the insulating barrier plate 30 is fixedly connected to the metal protection plate 20 via the separator 50. The separator 50 connects the insulating barrier plate 30 and the metal protection plate 20. The separator 50 includes at least two transverse separator portions 51 spaced apart in a third direction extending along a first direction. The third direction is perpendicular to both the second and first directions, and can be the height direction of the battery module in this embodiment. The transverse separator portions 51 form the upper and lower boundaries of the gas storage cavity. The insulating barrier plate 30, the metal protection plate 20, and the separator 50 together form a relatively small gas storage cavity. This cavity can temporarily contain the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the pouch cell 11 and provides buffering and guidance for gas discharge, thus improving the exhaust rate.

[0055] The material of the isolation component 50 may include at least one of polyurethane, acrylic ester, epoxy resin, or silicone mainly composed of polysiloxane. The fixing method between the isolation component 50 and the insulating barrier plate 30 and the metal protection plate 20 may be adhesive bonding, hot melt bonding, etc., and there are no restrictions.

[0056] During the operation of the battery module in this embodiment, when the internal gas pressure of the soft-pack cell 11 gradually increases until it reaches a threshold, it will break through the sealing part 111 and be ejected outward. The ejected gas first contacts the insulating barrier plate 30. Since the weak area 31 on the insulating barrier plate 30 has low strength, the gas quickly breaks through the weak area 31 and enters the gas storage chamber. The gas storage chamber can confine the gas to a specific area to prevent the gas from overflowing inside the battery module. After the gas reaches the gas storage chamber, it can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust port 22 opposite to the weak area 31, thus completing the rapid discharge of the gas.

[0057] As can be seen, in the battery module of this application embodiment, since the exhaust port 22 corresponds to the sealing part 111, and the horizontal isolation part 51 of the isolation member 50, the insulating barrier plate 30, and the metal protection plate 20 form a gas storage cavity, gas can be prevented from overflowing inside the battery module. This effectively improves the gas discharge rate of the battery module in this application embodiment when some soft-pack single cells 11 rupture due to excessive pressure, shortens the gas discharge path, improves exhaust efficiency, and thus effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway and thermal propagation of the battery module as a whole, and improves the overall safety of the battery module.

[0058] In one embodiment of this application, the outer casing of the pouch cell 11 includes an inner sealing layer, an intermediate metal layer, and an outer insulating layer; two opposing inner sealing layers are bonded together to form a sealing portion 111 on a designated end face 12 of the pouch cell 11.

[0059] The inner sealing layer, serving as the outer shell of the pouch cell 11 close to the internal cell, is typically made of thermoplastic material, possessing excellent thermal bonding properties. This allows for a sealed connection between the first and second shells via thermal bonding. The intermediate metal layer is usually made of aluminum foil, which acts as a barrier against oxygen, moisture, and electrolyte, ensuring a stable internal environment. The outer insulating layer is typically made of plastic film, providing insulation and protection to prevent short circuits between the battery casing and external components. The two opposing inner sealing layers are fused together via thermal bonding, forming a sealing portion 111 on the designated end face 12 of the pouch cell 11, ensuring the battery's airtightness. The electrode sheet 112 can be led outwards from the sealing portion 111, thus achieving electrical connection between the cell of the pouch cell 11 and the external environment.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the isolation member 50 includes two transverse isolation portions 51 spaced apart in a third direction and extending along a first direction. The area between the two transverse isolation portions 51 on the metal protective plate 20 is a preset area; the orthographic projection area of ​​the preset area in the second direction is S(1) mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the exhaust port 22 in the second direction is S(2) mm. 2 S(2) / S(1)=K; the extension length of the preset area in the third direction is H(1) mm, the extension length of the metal protective plate 20 in the third direction is H(2) mm, H(1) / H(2)=M; K M satisfies 0.02 ≤ K M≤0.35.

[0061] Specifically, the method for preparing the soft-pack single-cell battery 11 in this application embodiment includes: (1) Preparation of positive electrode sheet: The positive electrode active material, conductive agent acetylene black, and binder PVDF are mixed, and solvent NMP is added. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a positive electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil, dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. After cold pressing and slitting, the positive electrode sheet is obtained. The mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder satisfies (92~98):(4~1):(4~1).

[0062] (2) Preparation of negative electrode sheet: The negative electrode active material, conductive agent acetylene black, thickener CMC, and binder SBR are mixed, and deionized water is added as solvent. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector copper foil, dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. After cold pressing and slitting, the negative electrode sheet is obtained. The ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder satisfies (90~96): (4~2): (2~1): (4~1).

[0063] (3) Preparation of electrolyte: Ethyl carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an organic solvent. Then, fully dried lithium salt LiPF6 is dissolved in the mixed organic solvent to prepare an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0064] (4) Preparation of diaphragm: polyethylene film is selected as the diaphragm.

[0065] (5) Preparation of lithium-ion battery: The above positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet are stacked in sequence to form a battery cell; the battery cell is placed in an aluminum-plastic shell, the inner layer of the aluminum-plastic shell is cast polypropylene (CPP), the middle layer is metallic aluminum, and the outer layer is polycaprolactam (nylon 6); the edges are sealed with a heat sealer and a liquid injection port is reserved. The battery is dried and then injected with electrolyte. After standing, formation, volume adjustment and final sealing, a soft pack battery is obtained.

[0066] The positive electrode active material can be selected from one or more lithium-containing positive electrode active materials, including lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and lithium manganese iron phosphate; the negative electrode active material can be selected from one or more negative electrode active main materials, such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, and lithium titanate.

[0067] After obtaining the aforementioned soft-pack single cell 11, a battery module can be prepared. Specifically, the preparation process of the battery module is as follows: nine soft-pack single cells 11 prepared by the above method are stacked along a first direction to form a battery pack 10 and connected in series. A metal protective plate 20 is provided on the outer side of one end face of the battery pack 10 in a second direction. An exhaust port 22 is provided on the metal protective plate 20. The exhaust port 22 and the orthographic projection of the sealing part 111 of the soft-pack single cell on the metal protective plate 20 at least partially coincide. An insulating barrier plate 30 is provided between the metal protective plate 20 and the battery pack 10. A weak area 31 is provided on the insulating barrier plate 30 corresponding to the exhaust port position. The insulating barrier plate 30 is fixedly connected to the metal protective plate 20 through an isolation member 50. The isolation member 50 includes two transverse isolation parts 51 that are spaced apart in a third direction and extend along the first direction. The two transverse isolation parts 51 that extend along the first direction form a preset area, and the exhaust port is located in the preset area.

[0068] Multiple battery modules were prepared according to the above-described battery pack preparation method. One battery module was prepared for each embodiment and comparative example. In the battery modules of each embodiment and comparative example, the area between the two transverse isolation portions 51 on the metal protective plate 20 was a preset area. The orthogonal projection area of ​​the preset area in the second direction was S(1) mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the exhaust port 22 in the second direction is S(2) mm. 2 S(2) / S(1)=K; the extension length of the preset area in the third direction is H(1) mm, the extension length of the metal protective plate 20 in the third direction is H(2) mm, H(1) / H(2)=M as shown in Table 1 below, and the rest of the structure is the same.

[0069] The thermal runaway test method is as follows: Each pouch cell 11 in the battery module is charged to the upper limit voltage at a rate of 0.33C. A high-temperature resistant steel needle with a diameter of 3 mm is used to penetrate the middle pouch cell 11 from a third direction at a speed of 25±5 mm per second (since the battery pack 10 has 9 pouch cells 11, the 5th pouch cell 11 is the middle pouch cell 11), inducing thermal runaway of the middle pouch cell 11. Timing starts from the moment the middle pouch cell 11 thermally runs away, and the shortest time for thermal runaway of other pouch cells 11 in the battery pack 10 is obtained. If the shortest time for thermal runaway of other pouch cells 11 is greater than or equal to 6 minutes, the result of the thermal runaway test is good. If the shortest time for thermal runaway of other pouch cells 11 is greater than or equal to 5 minutes and less than 6 minutes, the result of the thermal runaway test is qualified. If the shortest time for thermal runaway of other pouch cells 11 is less than 5 minutes, the result of the thermal runaway test is unqualified.

[0070] Specifically, when the positive electrode active material of the pouch cell 11 is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium, the aforementioned upper limit voltage is 4.25V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V. When the positive electrode active material of the pouch cell 11 is lithium iron phosphate, the aforementioned upper limit voltage is 3.6V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V.

[0071] Specifically, in this test, the positive electrode active material of the soft-pack battery cell 11 is lithium iron phosphate, and the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder meets 96:2:2; the negative electrode active material is selected from artificial graphite, and the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder meets 95:2:1:2.

[0072] The structural strength test method is as follows: Each soft-pack battery cell 11 in the battery module is charged to the upper limit voltage at a rate of 0.33C. The battery module is placed in a vibration table and subjected to random vibration in the Z / Y / X directions and sinusoidal constant frequency vibration in the national standard GB38031-2020.8.2. After continuous random vibration for 12 hours and sinusoidal constant frequency vibration for 2 hours in each direction, the battery pack is removed and the deformation of the metal protection plate is measured. If the deformation is less than 1mm, it is considered good; if the deformation is between 1 and 2mm, it is considered qualified; and if the deformation is greater than 2mm, it is considered unqualified.

[0073] Specifically, when the positive electrode active material of the soft-pack battery cell 11 is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary lithium, the aforementioned upper limit voltage is 4.25V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V. When the positive electrode active material of the soft-pack battery cell 11 is lithium iron phosphate, the aforementioned upper limit voltage is 3.6V and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V.

[0074] Specifically, in this test, the positive electrode active material of the soft-pack battery cell 11 is lithium iron phosphate, and the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder meets 96:2:2; the negative electrode active material is selected from artificial graphite, and the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder meets 95:2:1:2.

[0075] Table 1: Results of Thermal Runaway Tests and Structural Strength Tests in Examples and Comparative Examples It is understandable that the preset area is the region between the two transverse isolation portions 51 extending along the first direction on the metal protective plate 20. This region corresponds to the height of the gas storage chamber on the metal protective plate 20, effectively reflecting the area occupied by the gas storage chamber. K is the ratio of the projected area of ​​the exhaust port 22 to the projected area of ​​the preset area. The value of K affects the exhaust rate of gas in the gas storage chamber. M is the ratio of the extension length of the preset area in the third direction to the extension length of the metal protective plate 20 in the third direction. The value of M affects the distribution ratio of the preset area on the metal protective plate 20, thereby affecting the structural strength of the metal protective plate 20.

[0076] In the battery module of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned K When the value of M is less than 0.02, it can easily lead to an excessively long gas diffusion path and low exhaust efficiency in the battery module of this application embodiment; referring to Table 1, in Comparative Example 1, K If the value of M is less than 0.02, the thermal runaway test result is unqualified.

[0077] In the above K When the value of M is greater than 0.35, the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20 is easily affected, making it prone to deformation when subjected to external impacts, which in turn impacts the internal soft-pack cell 11. Referring to Table 1, in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, K If the value of M is greater than 0.35, the structural strength test is unqualified.

[0078] Therefore, in the battery module of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned K The value of M satisfies 0.02 ≤ K When M≤0.35, the diffusion path of the gas within the preset area can be effectively guaranteed, resulting in high exhaust efficiency. The metal protective plate 20 can also maintain sufficient structural strength, preventing deformation under external impact and effectively protecting the internal soft-pack cell 11. Referring to Table 1, in Examples 1-16, K... The value of M satisfies 0.02 ≤ K M≤0.35, thermal runaway test results are all good or qualified, and structural strength test results are good or qualified.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, K The value of M can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.09, 0.13, 0.18, 0.22, 0.26, 0.30, and 0.35, and there are no restrictions here.

[0080] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, K satisfies 0.15 ≤ K ≤ 0.4. As mentioned above, K is the ratio of the projected area of ​​the exhaust port 22 to the projected area of ​​the preset region. The value of K affects the exhaust rate of gas in the gas storage chamber. When the value of K is less than 0.15, the area of ​​the exhaust port 22 is too small, affecting the exhaust efficiency of gas after entering the gas storage chamber from the exhaust port 22; referring to Table 1, in Example 15, the value of K is less than 0.15, and the thermal runaway test result is only qualified.

[0081] When the K value is greater than 0.4, the area of ​​the exhaust port 22 is too large, which will also affect the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20.

[0082] Therefore, in the battery module of this application embodiment, when K satisfies 0.15≤K≤0.4, it can effectively ensure that the gas entering the gas storage chamber can be discharged from the exhaust port 22 in a timely manner, effectively ensuring the exhaust efficiency of the battery module. The metal protection plate 20 can also maintain sufficient structural strength to prevent the metal protection plate 20 from deforming when subjected to external impact.

[0083] In specific embodiments, the value of K can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.21, 0.24, 0.27, 0.30, 0.33, 0.36, 0.40, etc., and is not limited here; for example, in one embodiment of this application, the projected area of ​​the exhaust port 22 is S(2) mm. 2 800mm 2 Up to 2400 mm 2 The projected area of ​​the preset region is S(1) mm. 2 The range is 4000mm 2 Up to 6000mm 2 The value of K ranges from 0.248 to 0.284, satisfying the condition 0.15≤K≤0.4.

[0084] Similarly, as shown in 5, in one embodiment of this application, the ratio H(1) mm of the extension length H(1) mm of the preset area in the third direction to the extension length H(2) mm of the metal protective plate 20 in the third direction is H(1) / H(2) = M, where M satisfies 0.13 ≤ M ≤ 0.89.

[0085] As mentioned above, the ratio of the extension length of the preset region in the third direction to the extension length of the metal protection plate 20 in the third direction, the value of M, affects the distribution ratio of the preset region on the metal protection plate 20, and thus affects the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20. When the value of M is less than 0.13, the distribution ratio of the preset region is too small, affecting the area occupied by the gas storage chamber, thereby affecting the speed at which the gas generated by the soft-pack single cell 11 enters the gas storage chamber. When the value of M is greater than 0.889, the area of ​​the gas storage chamber is too large, affecting the exhaust rate of the gas entering the gas storage chamber. Referring to Table 1, in Example 16, the value of M is greater than 0.89, and the thermal runaway test result is only qualified.

[0086] Therefore, in the battery module of this application embodiment, when M satisfies 0.13≤M≤0.89, it can effectively ensure that the soft-pack single cell battery 11 enters the gas storage chamber in a timely manner, and it can also ensure that the gas entering the gas storage chamber can be discharged in a timely manner, effectively ensuring the exhaust efficiency of the battery module. In specific embodiments, the value of M can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.13, 0.194, 0.257, 0.321, 0.386, 0.456, 0.532, 0.614, 0.711, 0.89, etc., without limitation; for example, in one embodiment of this application, the range of H(1) is 20mm to 80mm, and the range of H(2) is 90mm to 150mm, which can ensure that M satisfies the condition of 0.13≤M≤0.89.

[0087] It is understood that, in addition to the metal protection plate 20, the battery module of this application embodiment may also include at least one of a side plate, a top plate, and a bottom plate. The side plates are disposed at both ends in the first direction of the battery module, and the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively disposed at both ends in the third direction. The metal protection plate 20 is connected to at least one of the side plates, bottom plates, and top plates by riveting, welding, bonding, or by binding with cable ties.

[0088] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the battery module further includes a top plate 41 and two side plates 42. The top plate 41 is integrally connected to the side plates 42 and / or the metal protection plate 20. The two side plates 42 are respectively disposed on both sides of the battery pack 10 in a first direction; the top plate 41 is disposed on one side of the battery pack 10 in a third direction. Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the top plate 41 and the side plates 42 can be integrally connected, and separately connected to the metal protection plate 20; in another embodiment of this application, the top plate 41, the side plates 42, and the metal protection plate 20 can be integrally connected, thereby further improving the overall structural strength of the battery module.

[0089] In this embodiment, the battery module can be formed by the top plate 41, the two side plates 42, and the aforementioned metal protective plate 20 together to form an outer frame protecting the soft-pack single battery cell 11. The top plate 41, the two side plates 42, and the metal protective plate 20 are fixedly connected to form an overall frame structure that wraps around the battery pack 10, resists external impacts and vibrations, prevents the battery pack 10 from shifting or deforming, provides all-round protection for the battery pack 10, and improves the overall structural strength of the battery module. Furthermore, since the top plate 41, the two side plates 42, and the metal protective plate 20 are fixedly connected, the deformation of the metal protective plate 20 due to external forces can also be avoided, ensuring the structural stability of the gas storage chamber and the exhaust port 22, thereby effectively guaranteeing the exhaust performance of the battery module in this embodiment.

[0090] In one embodiment of this application, K satisfies 0.2≤K≤0.4. That is, when the battery module of this embodiment has the overall frame structure formed by the aforementioned top plate 41, two side plates 42 and metal protective plate 20, and K satisfies 0.2≤K≤0.4, while ensuring the exhaust efficiency of the gas storage chamber of the battery module of this embodiment, the rate at which gas enters the gas storage chamber is further optimized, thereby improving the exhaust performance.

[0091] In one embodiment of this application, in a first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is greater than the extension length of the exhaust port 22; and / or, in the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is greater than...

[0092] In the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is greater than the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31. In other words, in the battery pack 10 arrangement direction, the coverage of the transverse isolation portion 51 exceeds the coverage of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31, so that the gas storage chamber completely covers the area where the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31 are located.

[0093] During the operation of the battery module in this embodiment, since the weak area 31 and / or the exhaust port 22 are completely within the boundary formed by the transverse isolation portion 51, the gas can only break through the weak area 31 to enter the gas storage chamber and be discharged outward from the gas storage chamber through the exhaust port 22. This effectively guides the directional depressurization of the battery module in this embodiment, ensuring that all thermal runaway gases can be discharged through the preset exhaust channel, further improving exhaust efficiency, effectively reducing the risk of increased internal pressure of the battery module caused by gas leakage, and further improving the safety of the battery module in this embodiment.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 in the first direction is D(1) mm, the extension length of the exhaust port 22 in the first direction is D(2) mm, and D(1)-D(2) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(2)≤160; and / or, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 in the first direction is D(1) mm, the extension length of the weak area 31 in the first direction is D(3) mm, and D(1)-D(3) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(3)≤160.

[0095] In the first direction, the length difference between the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 and the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31 ranges from 50 mm to 160 mm. When the length difference between the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 and the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31 is less than 50 mm, it is difficult to effectively ensure that the coverage of the transverse isolation portion 51 meets the requirements. When the length difference between the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 and the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31 is greater than 160 mm, the length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is relatively too long, which will also affect the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31, thereby affecting the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment.

[0096] Therefore, when D(1)-D(2) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(2)≤160; and / or D(1)-D(3) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(3)≤160, it can effectively ensure that the horizontal isolation portion 51 completely covers the range of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31, and also effectively ensure the extension length of the exhaust port 22 and / or the weak area 31, thus ensuring the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment of the application, and saving the length of the horizontal isolation portion 51, thereby making the structure of the battery module in this embodiment of the application more compact. In specific embodiments, D(1)-D(2) and D(1)-D(3) can be selected from specific values ​​such as 50mm, 58mm, 66mm, 75mm, 85mm, 96mm, 108mm, 120mm, 138mm, 160mm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0097] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, in the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is less than the extension length of the metal protective plate 20. Because the extension length of the transverse isolation portion 51 is less than the extension length of the metal protective plate 20 in the first direction, the coverage area of ​​the transverse isolation portion 51 is less than the coverage area of ​​the metal protective plate 20. That is, the transverse isolation portion 51 does not penetrate the entire length of the metal protective plate 20. The metal protective plate 20 has areas extending beyond the transverse isolation portion 51 at both ends in the first direction. This provides additional reserved space for gas discharge, preventing the transverse isolation portion 51 from completely blocking the communication path between the gas storage chamber and the outside, effectively improving exhaust efficiency and ensuring smooth exhaust.

[0098] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the horizontal isolation portion 51 is spaced apart from at least one end of the metal protective plate 20; and in the first direction, the distance between the horizontal isolation portion 51 and the adjacent end of the metal protective plate 20 is D(4) mm, where D(4) mm satisfies 3 mm ≤ D(4) mm ≤ 15 mm. That is, in the first direction, the horizontal isolation portion 51 and at least one end of the metal protective plate 20 are spaced apart, and the distance D(4) mm satisfies 3 mm ≤ D(4) mm ≤ 15 mm.

[0099] When the distance D(4) mm between the horizontal isolation portion 51 and at least one end of the metal protection plate 20 is less than 3 mm, the horizontal isolation portion 51 is prone to obstructing gas diffusion, thereby slowing down the exhaust rate; when D(4) mm is greater than 15 mm, gas is prone to overflow from the gas storage chamber, which will also affect the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment.

[0100] Therefore, in the first direction, the distance between the transverse isolation portion 51 and the end of the adjacent metal protective plate 20 is D(4) mm. When D(4) mm satisfies 3 mm ≤ D(4) mm ≤ 15 mm, it can be ensured that most of the gas can enter the gas storage chamber as soon as possible and can be discharged from the gas storage chamber and the exhaust port 22 as soon as possible, thereby effectively improving the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, D(4) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 11mm, 13mm, 15mm, etc., and is not limited here.

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, when the isolation member 50 includes two horizontal isolation portions 51 that are spaced apart in the third direction and extend along the first direction, the horizontal isolation portions 51 are spaced apart from the exhaust port 22 in the third direction; and the distance between the horizontal isolation portions 51 and the exhaust port 22 in the third direction is D(5) mm, where D(5) mm satisfies 5 mm ≤ D(5) mm ≤ 50 mm.

[0102] That is, in the third direction, there is a gap between the horizontal isolation part 51 and the exhaust port 22, and the gap distance D(5) mm between the horizontal isolation part 51 and the exhaust port 22 satisfies 5 mm≤D(5) mm≤50 mm.

[0103] When the distance D(5) mm between the horizontal isolation section 51 and the exhaust port 22 is less than 5 mm in the third direction, the gas storage cavity around the exhaust port 22 is too small, which affects the rate at which gas enters the gas storage cavity; when D(5) mm is greater than 50 mm, the gas is prone to overflow, which affects the rate at which gas is discharged from the exhaust port 22.

[0104] Therefore, when the horizontal isolation section 51 and the exhaust port 22 are spaced apart in the third direction, and the distance D(5) mm satisfies 5 mm ≤ D(5) mm ≤ 50 mm, the gas storage chamber forms a suitable buffer space around the exhaust port 22. Gas can quickly enter the gas storage chamber and diffuse smoothly towards the exhaust port 22 after entering the gas storage chamber. The diffusion will not be hindered due to the small distance, nor will the gas overflow disorderly in the gas storage chamber due to the large distance. At the same time, the rate of gas entering the gas storage chamber and the rate of gas exiting from the exhaust port 22 are guaranteed, thereby achieving efficient directional exhaust and effectively improving the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, D(5) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 11mm, 13mm, 15mm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0105] like Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the isolation member 50 includes two horizontal isolation portions 51 that are spaced apart in the third direction and extend along the first direction. In the third direction, the width of the horizontal isolation portion 51 is D(6) mm, where D(6) mm satisfies 5 mm ≤ D(6) mm ≤ 40 mm.

[0106] When the width D(6) mm of the horizontal isolation section 51 is less than 5 mm in the third direction, the sealing contact area between the horizontal isolation section and the metal protection plate 20 and the insulating barrier plate 30 is insufficient, which can easily lead to gas leakage. When D(6) mm is greater than 40 mm, the horizontal isolation section 51 will occupy too much space in the third direction, which will compress the effective volume of the gas storage chamber and affect the efficiency of gas entering the gas storage chamber.

[0107] Therefore, when the width D(6) mm of the horizontal isolation section 51 satisfies 5 mm ≤ D(6) mm ≤ 40 mm in the third direction, the horizontal isolation section 51 has sufficient fixed area and structural strength, effectively preventing gas leakage and deformation of the horizontal isolation section 51. After the gas gathers in the gas storage chamber, it is quickly discharged through the exhaust port 22, achieving efficient directional exhaust. At the same time, it can effectively save the space occupied by the horizontal isolation section 51 in the third direction. In a specific embodiment, D(6) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 19 mm, 23 mm, 28 mm, 33 mm, and 40 mm, which are not limited here.

[0108] Similarly, such as Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the isolation member 50 includes two horizontal isolation portions 51 that are spaced apart in the third direction and extend along the first direction. In the third direction, the distance between adjacent horizontal isolation portions 51 is D(7) mm, where D(7) mm satisfies 30 mm ≤ D(7) mm ≤ 60 mm.

[0109] When the distance D(7) mm between adjacent transverse isolation sections 51 is less than 30 mm in the third direction, the gas storage chamber volume is insufficient and cannot accommodate the large amount of gas generated by the thermal runaway of the soft-pack single cell battery 11; when D(7) mm is greater than 60 mm, the coverage area of ​​the gas storage chamber is too large, the gas diffusion path is too long, and the exhaust efficiency is reduced.

[0110] Therefore, when the distance D(7) mm between adjacent transverse isolation portions 51 satisfies 30 mm ≤ D(7) mm ≤ 60 mm in the third direction, the gas storage chamber has sufficient volume to accommodate the gas, avoiding excessive pressure within the battery module and preventing a decrease in exhaust efficiency due to an excessively long diffusion path, thus ensuring the exhaust efficiency of the battery module in this embodiment. In specific embodiments, D(7) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 30 mm, 33 mm, 36 mm, 39 mm, 42 mm, 45 mm, 48 mm, 52 mm, 56 mm, and 60 mm, and is not limited here.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the separator 50 in the battery module of this application embodiment further includes at least two longitudinal separators 52 extending upward in the third direction, and each longitudinal separator 52 is interconnected with each transverse separator 51; the insulating barrier plate 30, the metal protection plate 20 and the transverse separators 51 and longitudinal separators 52 of the separator 50 together form a gas storage cavity.

[0112] In the battery module of this application embodiment, the separator 50 also includes at least two longitudinal separators 52 extending upward in the third direction. Each longitudinal separator 52 is connected to each transverse separator 51, so that the insulating barrier plate 30, the metal protection plate 20 and the transverse separators 51 and longitudinal separators 52 of the separator 50 together form an integral sealed gas storage cavity, which is connected to the battery pack 10 side only through the weak area 31 and connected to the outside through the exhaust port 22 to ensure directional gas flow.

[0113] During the operation of the battery module in this embodiment, since the gas storage chamber is a completely sealed structure, when the soft-pack single cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the gas can only break through the weak area 31 and enter the gas storage chamber. It quickly converges in the sealed gas storage chamber, and the pressure rises evenly. Then, it is quickly discharged from the battery module through the exhaust port 22, realizing the complete directional discharge of gas, improving exhaust efficiency, reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery module in this embodiment, and improving the safety of use.

[0114] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the insulating barrier plate 30 is bonded to the metal protective plate 20, and the isolation element 50 is an adhesive layer. That is, the insulating barrier plate 30 and the metal protective plate 20 are bonded together by the adhesive layer as the isolation element 50, which simultaneously achieves fixation and sealing of the two without the need for additional mechanical connecting parts. The strength is uniform throughout, which can effectively avoid the stress concentration problem caused by mechanical connection. Furthermore, the adhesive layer can fill tiny gaps, providing good sealing performance. By forming the required gas storage cavity through isolation, the gas cannot penetrate the isolation element 50 made of adhesive layer, but can only break through the weak area 31 to enter the gas storage cavity, and after gathering, it is discharged through the exhaust port 22, achieving directional and efficient exhaust.

[0115] In one embodiment of this application, the arrangement thickness of the separator 50 in the second direction is D(8) mm, where D(8) mm satisfies 0.08 mm ≤ D(8) mm ≤ 2 mm. When the arrangement thickness D(8) mm of the separator 50 in the second direction is less than 0.08 mm, the structural strength of the separator 50 is easily insufficient, which can lead to the separator 50 cracking and leaking due to gas impact. When D(8) mm is greater than 2 mm, the thickness of the gas storage cavity in the second direction is too large, the gas diffusion path is extended, the exhaust efficiency is reduced, and the volume of the battery module in the second direction is also increased.

[0116] Therefore, when the thickness D(8) mm of the isolator 50 in the second direction satisfies 0.08 mm ≤ D(8) mm ≤ 2 mm, the isolator 50 has sufficient structural strength, which can effectively prevent the isolator 50 from cracking and leaking due to gas impact, ensuring sealing performance and preventing gas leakage; at the same time, the thickness of the gas storage cavity is reasonable, the gas diffusion path is short, and it can quickly converge to the exhaust port 22 and be discharged, without the exhaust efficiency decreasing due to excessive thickness, thus improving the overall exhaust efficiency. In specific embodiments, D(8) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 0.08 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.52 mm, 0.83 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.9 mm, 2 mm, etc., which are not limited here.

[0117] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the exhaust port 22 is configured to extend in a first direction and be disposed opposite to at least two pouch cells 11. Since the exhaust port 22 on the metal protection plate 20 extends in the first direction, aligns with the arrangement direction of the pouch cells 11, and is disposed opposite to at least two pouch cells 11, it covers the sealing portion 111 area of ​​at least two pouch cells 11. This allows the sealing portions 111 of multiple cells to correspond to the exhaust port 22, enabling the gases generated by thermal runaway of multiple pouch cells 11 to quickly reach the corresponding exhaust port 22 for discharge, shortening the gas discharge path of a single pouch cell 11 and further improving the exhaust rate.

[0118] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, at least two vents 22 are spaced apart on the metal protection plate 20 along a first direction. Because at least two vents 22 are spaced apart on the metal protection plate 20 along the first direction, the overall coverage of the vents 22 is ensured, preventing partial obstruction of venting of the soft-pack individual cells 11, while effectively maintaining the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20 where the vents 22 are located and preventing deformation of the metal protection plate 20.

[0119] like Figures 9 to 15 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, a protrusion 21 is provided on the metal protection plate 20 that is opposite to each individual soft-pack battery cell 11, and an exhaust port 22 is provided on the bottom surface of the protrusion 21.

[0120] Because the metal protection plate 20 has protrusions 21 that are opposite to each individual pouch cell 11, and the exhaust port 22 is located on the bottom surface of the protrusions 21, the protrusions 21 can cooperate with the metal protection plate 20 body and the insulating barrier plate 30 to form a gas storage cavity, while providing an independent setting area for the exhaust port 22. This allows the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the pouch cell 11 to gather in the gas storage cavity and then be directly discharged from the exhaust port 22, further realizing directional exhaust and preventing the thermal runaway gas from overflowing to other parts of the metal protection plate 20, thus improving exhaust efficiency. The exhaust port 22 is located on the bottom surface of the protrusions 21, making the exhaust path more direct and shortening the gas discharge distance. The protrusions 21 can also enhance the local structural strength of the metal protection plate 20 and improve the ability of the metal protection plate 20 to resist gas pressure impact.

[0121] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in the battery module of this embodiment, the metal protection plate 20 further includes at least two recesses 23 extending in the first direction toward the battery casing, with protrusions 21 located between adjacent recesses 23. By providing at least two recesses 23 extending in the first direction toward the battery casing on the metal protection plate 20, the recesses 23 can position and limit the insulating barrier plate 30, preventing the insulating barrier plate 30 from shifting due to vibration or impact, ensuring that the weak area 31 and the exhaust port 22 always maintain a relative position, and ensuring smooth exhaust passage. Furthermore, protrusions 21 can be effectively formed between adjacent recesses 23, thereby optimizing the contour of the gas storage cavity using the protrusions 21, allowing the gas to be guided more accurately to the exhaust port 22, and improving the exhaust effect.

[0122] In one embodiment of this application, at least a portion of the isolator 50 is fixedly disposed on the recess 23. That is, at least a portion of the isolator 50 is fixedly disposed between the insulating barrier plate 30 and the recess 23 of the metal protective plate 20. The at least a portion of the isolator 50 is firmly fixed to the recess 23, forming a complete sealed gas guiding path, allowing the gas to quickly converge to the exhaust port 22 on the bottom surface of the protrusion 21 and be discharged, realizing high-speed directional discharge of gas and greatly improving the gas guiding efficiency of the gas storage chamber.

[0123] like Figure 13 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the protrusion 21 extends to a depth of D(9) mm in the second direction, where D(9) mm satisfies 1 mm ≤ D(9) mm ≤ 6 mm.

[0124] By limiting the extension depth D(9) mm of the protrusion 21 in the second direction, the extension depth of the gas storage cavity can be effectively limited. If the extension depth D(9) mm of the protrusion 21 in the second direction is less than 1 mm, the volume of the gas storage cavity will be insufficient and unable to accommodate the large amount of gas generated by the thermal runaway of the soft-pack single cell battery 11. If D(9) mm is greater than 6 mm, the protrusion 21 will occupy too much external space and the volume of the gas storage cavity will be too large, affecting the gas discharge rate from the gas storage cavity.

[0125] Therefore, when the extension depth D(9) mm of the protrusion 21 in the second direction satisfies 1mm≤D(9) mm≤6mm, the volume of the gas storage chamber can be effectively guaranteed to be suitable. This ensures that the gas generated by the battery cell can be effectively accommodated, and that the gas discharge rate from the gas storage chamber is also guaranteed. After the gas smoothly gathers in the gas storage chamber, it is quickly discharged through the exhaust port 22, and the protrusion 21 avoids occupying too much external space and will not interfere with other components, thus ensuring the normal assembly and use of the battery module. In specific embodiments, D(9) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, and 6mm, which are not limited here.

[0126] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the bottom end of the battery module is located at the third-direction upward direction, and the vent 22 is disposed on the metal protective plate 20 near the bottom end of the battery module. That is, the third-direction is the height direction of the battery module in this embodiment of the application.

[0127] It is understandable that when the battery module is subjected to a bottom impact, the bottom area of ​​the pouch cell 11 is more prone to problems such as casing cracking and seal failure, which can lead to thermal runaway. Since the exhaust port 22 is located on the metal protection plate 20 near the bottom of the battery module, the exhaust port 22 can effectively discharge the gas generated in the lower area of ​​the pouch cell 11 to the outside of the battery module, effectively shortening the exhaust path of the gas in the bottom area, increasing the exhaust speed, and preventing gas accumulation that could lead to thermal runaway. This further improves the pressure relief capability of the battery module in this embodiment and ensures the safety of the battery module in use.

[0128] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the distance between the exhaust port 22 and the bottom end of the metal protection plate 20 is D(10) mm, where D(10) mm satisfies 5mm≤D(10) mm≤20mm.

[0129] When the distance D(10) mm between the exhaust port 22 and the bottom of the metal protection plate 20 is less than 5 mm, the structural strength of the bottom of the metal protection plate 20 is too low and it is easy to deform due to gas pressure or external impact; when D(10) mm is greater than 20 mm, the gas exhaust path in the bottom area of ​​the soft-pack single cell battery 11 is too long, which affects the exhaust efficiency.

[0130] When the distance D(10) mm between the exhaust port 22 and the bottom end of the metal protection plate 20 satisfies 5mm≤D(10) mm≤20mm, the structural strength of the bottom end of the metal protection plate 20 can be effectively guaranteed, preventing deformation of the metal protection plate 20 due to gas pressure or external impact. It can also effectively ensure that the gas exhaust path in the bottom area of ​​the soft-pack single cell battery 11 is not too long, thereby improving exhaust efficiency. In a specific embodiment, D(10) mm can be selected from specific values ​​such as 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 6mm, etc., and is not limited here.

[0131] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the weak area 31 on the insulating barrier plate 30 is either a gap or a groove, and the extension length of the weak area 31 in the third direction is less than the extension length of the corresponding exhaust port 22 in the third direction.

[0132] Specifically, when the weak area 31 on the insulating barrier 30 is a gap, the strength of the insulating barrier 30 at the gap is lower than that of other areas of the insulating barrier 30, and the gas pressure generated by the thermal runaway of the pouch cell 11 can easily break through the weak area 31. A notch, on the other hand, is an area where the surface thickness of the insulating barrier 30 is lower, but not completely penetrated, forming a weak area 31 by reducing the local thickness. It is understandable that a notched weak area 31 can balance gas breakthrough efficiency and the overall structural strength of the insulating barrier 30, while a gap-type weak area 31 can increase the gas breakthrough speed. Compared to a gap-type weak area 31, a notched weak area 31 has higher overall structural strength.

[0133] In the battery module of this application embodiment, since the extension length of the weak area 31 in the third direction is less than the extension length of the corresponding exhaust port 22 in the third direction, it can be ensured that the coverage area of ​​the weak area 31 in the third direction is completely within the coverage area of ​​the exhaust port 22, so that the gas that breaks through the weak area 31 enters the gas storage cavity and diffuses completely towards the exhaust port 22, effectively achieving directional and efficient exhaust.

[0134] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the insulating barrier plate 30 is an insulating plate, and the metal protection plate 20 is a metal plate. Since the metal protection plate 20 is a metal plate, it effectively ensures the structural strength of the metal protection plate 20, resisting external impacts and the pressure impact of thermal runaway gases. When the pouch cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the metal protection plate 20 can withstand the impact of gas pressure, preventing deformation that could cause deformation of the exhaust port 22, thus improving the overall structural strength of the battery module. The insulating barrier plate 30, being made of insulating material, can maintain structural stability at high temperatures, ensuring that gas can enter the gas storage chamber through the weak area 31 and be discharged. Furthermore, since the insulating barrier plate 30 is an insulating plate, it can prevent short circuits between the pouch cell 11 and the metal protection plate 20, ensuring the electrical safety of the battery module.

[0135] like Figure 2 As shown, in the battery module of this embodiment, the sealing part 111 is disposed opposite to the insulating barrier plate 30, and the sealing part 111 is configured to extend in the third direction. Therefore, in the battery module of this embodiment, since the sealing part 111 is a weak area of ​​the outer casing, and the sealing part 111 extends in the third direction corresponding to the weak area 31, the gas preferentially impacts the sealing part 111; when the soft-pack single cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the gas breaks through the sealing part 111, directly impacts the weak area 31 of the insulating barrier plate 30 and enters the gas storage chamber, and is finally discharged from the battery module through the exhaust port 22, ensuring that it can directionally break through the sealing part 111 and impact the weak area 31, improving the directionality and efficiency of the exhaust, and further improving the overall safety performance and reliability of the battery module.

[0136] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, a lead-out hole 113 is formed on the sealing part 111, and the electrode sheet 112 of the soft-pack single cell battery 11 is configured to pass through the lead-out hole 113 and be sealed to the lead-out hole 113; in the third direction, the distance between adjacent transverse isolation parts 51 is D(7) mm, and D(7) mm satisfies 30 mm≤D(7) mm≤55 mm.

[0137] In the battery module of this application embodiment, the electrode sheet 112 and the hole wall of the lead hole 113 can be sealed and connected by heat sealing or other means to prevent electrolyte from leaking from the lead hole 113 of the electrode sheet 112 and to prevent external gas from entering the battery.

[0138] With an outlet hole 113 formed on the sealing part 111, the electrode sheet 112 of the soft-pack single cell 11 passes through the outlet hole 113 and is sealed to the outlet hole 113. Under the premise that the distance D(7) mm between adjacent transverse isolation parts 51 is 30 mm≤D(7) mm≤55 mm in the third direction, the distance between adjacent transverse isolation parts 51 is more compact. The generated gas can be concentrated and gathered into the exhaust chamber, avoiding the gas from diffusing in the excessively large gas storage chamber, shortening the gas exhaust path, and improving the exhaust rate.

[0139] This application also provides a battery pack, which includes at least one of the aforementioned battery modules. Specifically, the battery pack of this application embodiment, as a rechargeable battery, can serve as a power source for electrical equipment such as new energy vehicles.

[0140] Specifically, the battery pack in this application embodiment is a complete functional unit that can directly output electrical energy, consisting of the aforementioned battery pack, battery management system (BMS), thermal management system, electrical connection system (high-voltage / low-voltage connectors, wiring harnesses, etc.), structural components (shell, brackets, etc.), and protective components, etc., and these components are placed inside a housing and sealed with a cover plate. The housing generally includes a bottom plate and a frame, and the bottom plate, frame, and cover plate can generally be made of high-strength materials such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or plastic.

[0141] This application also provides an electrical device, which includes the aforementioned battery pack or battery module. It is understood that this electrical device can be various types of electrical devices such as energy storage devices, electric ships, aircraft, laptops, power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles. The aforementioned battery pack or battery module can serve as the operating power source or the driving power source for the electrical device, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for vehicles. It is applicable to numerous fields such as civilian use, military equipment, and aerospace, and is not limited thereto.

[0142] It should be noted that the elements described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0143] It should be understood that multiple components and / or parts can be provided by a single integrated component or part. Alternatively, a single integrated component or part can be divided into multiple separate components and / or parts. The use of the public designation "a" or "an" to describe a component or part does not exclude other components or parts.

[0144] It should be understood that while terms such as "first" or "second" may be used in this application to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms; these terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another. The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this application. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" as used in one or more embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in one or more embodiments of this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0145] In this document, terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate the relative positional relationship between related parts, and not to define the absolute position of these related parts. Terms such as "equal" and "same" are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, and also include errors that are understandable to those skilled in the art and permissible in manufacturing or use. Unless otherwise stated, numerical ranges in this document include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several subranges contained therein.

[0146] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0147] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The battery pack (10) has two opposing set end faces (12) and a plurality of soft-pack individual cells (11) disposed between the two set end faces (12). The plurality of soft-pack individual cells (11) are arranged along a first direction and a second direction is a direction perpendicular to the set end faces (12). The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. At least one metal protective plate (20) is disposed on the outside of the set end face (12) of the battery pack (10). The soft-pack single cell (11) includes a housing and a sealing part disposed on the housing. The sealing parts (111) of a plurality of soft-pack single cells (11) are disposed opposite to the metal protective plate (20). The metal protective plate (20) is provided with an exhaust port (22). The orthographic projection of the exhaust port (22) on the set end face (12) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sealing part (111) of at least one soft-pack single cell (11) on the set end face (12). At least one insulating barrier plate (30) is disposed between the metal protective plate (20) and the battery pack (10). The insulating barrier plate (30) has a weak area (31) which is disposed opposite to the exhaust port (22). The area enclosed by the weak area (31) is smaller than the area of ​​the exhaust port (22). The insulating barrier plate (30) is fixedly connected to the metal protection plate (20) through the isolation member (50). The isolation member (50) includes at least two horizontal isolation portions (51) that are spaced apart in a third direction and extend along a first direction. The third direction is a direction that is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction, respectively. The insulating barrier plate (30), the metal protection plate (20) and the isolation member (50) together form a gas storage cavity. The isolation member (50) includes two horizontal isolation portions (51) that are spaced apart from each other in a third direction and extend along a first direction. The area between the two horizontal isolation portions (51) on the metal protective plate (20) is a preset area. The orthographic projection area of ​​the preset region in the second direction is S(1)mm. 2 The projected area of ​​the exhaust port (22) in the second direction is S(2) mm. 2 S(2) / S(1) = K; The length of the preset area extending in the third direction is H(1) mm, and the length of the metal protective plate (20) extending in the third direction is H(2) mm, H(1) / H(2)=M; K M satisfies 0.02 ≤ K M≤0.

35.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal protective plate (20) ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm; And / or, the thickness of the insulating barrier plate (30) ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm.

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, K satisfies 0.15≤K≤0.4; and / or M satisfies 0.13≤M≤0.

89.

4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a top plate (41) and two side plates (42), the top plate (41), the two side plates (42) and the metal protective plate (20) are fixedly connected, the top plate (41) and the side plates (42) and / or the metal protective plate (20) are integrally connected, the two side plates (42) are respectively disposed on both sides of the battery pack (10) in a first direction; the top plate (41) is disposed on one side of the battery pack (10) in a third direction.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, K satisfies 0.2≤K≤0.

4.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion (51) is greater than the extension length of the exhaust port (22); and / or, in the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion (51) is greater than the extension length of the weak area (31).

7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extension length of the transverse isolation part (51) in the first direction is D(1) mm, and the extension length of the exhaust port (22) in the first direction is D(2) mm, where D(1)-D(2) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(2)≤160; And / or, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion (51) in the first direction is D(1) mm, the extension length of the weak area (31) in the first direction is D(3) mm, and D(1)-D(3) satisfies 50≤D(1)-D(3)≤160.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the extension length of the transverse isolation portion (51) is less than the extension length of the metal protective plate (20).

9. The battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the first direction, the transverse isolation portion (51) is spaced apart from at least one end of the metal protective plate (20); and in the first direction, the distance between the transverse isolation portion (51) and the adjacent end of the metal protective plate (20) is D(4) mm, where D(4) mm satisfies 3mm≤D(4) mm≤15 mm.

10. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation member (50) includes two transverse isolation portions (51) that are spaced apart in the third direction and extend along a first direction. In the third direction, the horizontal isolation part (51) and the exhaust port (22) are spaced apart; and in the third direction, the distance between the horizontal isolation part (51) and the exhaust port (22) is D(5) mm, where D(5) mm satisfies 5 mm≤D(5) mm≤50 mm.

11. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation member (50) includes two transverse isolation portions (51) that are spaced apart in the third direction and extend along a first direction. In the third direction, the width of the transverse isolation portion (51) is D(6) mm, where D(6) mm satisfies 5 mm ≤ D(6) mm ≤ 40 mm; And / or, in the direction of the third party, the distance between adjacent transverse isolation portions (51) is D(7) mm, where D(7) mm satisfies 30 mm ≤ D(7) mm ≤ 60 mm.

12. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The isolation member (50) further includes at least two longitudinal isolation portions (52) extending upward from the third party, and each of the longitudinal isolation portions (52) is interconnected with each of the transverse isolation portions (51); The insulating barrier plate (30), the metal protection plate (20), and the horizontal isolation portion (51) and vertical isolation portion (52) of the isolation member (50) together form a gas storage cavity.

13. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The thickness of the spacer (50) arranged in the second direction is D(8) mm, where D(8) mm satisfies 0.08 mm ≤ D(8) mm ≤ 2 mm.

14. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The exhaust port (22) is configured to extend in the first direction and be disposed opposite to at least two of the pouch cells (11).

15. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, At least two exhaust ports (22) are provided at intervals along the first direction on the metal protective plate (20).

16. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The bottom end of the battery module is located at the third-direction upward end. The exhaust port (22) is located on the metal protection plate (20) near the bottom end of the battery module. The distance between the exhaust port (22) and the bottom end of the metal protection plate (20) is D(10) mm, where D(10) mm satisfies 5mm≤D(10) mm≤20mm.

17. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The weak area (31) on the insulating barrier plate (30) is either a gap or a groove, and the extension length of the weak area (31) in the third direction is less than the extension length of the corresponding exhaust port (22) in the third direction.

18. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The outer casing of the pouch cell (11) includes an inner sealing layer, an intermediate metal layer, and an outer insulating layer; two inner sealing layers arranged opposite to each other are bonded together to form a sealing portion (111) on a set end face (12) of the pouch cell (11), the sealing portion (111) is arranged opposite to the insulating barrier plate (30), and the sealing portion (111) is configured to extend upward in the third direction; a lead-out hole (113) is formed on the sealing portion (111), and the electrode sheet (112) of the pouch cell (11) is configured to pass through the lead-out hole (113) and be sealed to the lead-out hole (113); In the third direction, the distance between adjacent transverse isolation portions (51) is D(7) mm, where D(7) mm satisfies 30 mm ≤ D(7) mm ≤ 55 mm.

19. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes at least one battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes at least one battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 18, or a battery pack according to claim 19.

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