A large bearing ring heat treatment low deformation processing device and processing method

Abstract

The application discloses a large bearing ring heat treatment low-deformation processing device and a processing method, relates to the technical field of bearing ring heat treatment low-deformation processing, and discloses the device and the method. The processing device comprises a base and a supporting part. The base comprises a bottom plate and a guide column. The supporting part comprises an adjusting sleeve, the adjusting sleeve is provided with a supporting assembly, the supporting assembly comprises a plurality of supporting arms, one end of the supporting arm is rotationally connected with the adjusting sleeve, and the other end is used for being in contact with the inner wall of the bearing ring. The processing method comprises the following steps: 1, placing the bearing ring on the bottom plate coaxially with the adjusting sleeve and marking the maximum / minimum size point; 2, adjusting the position of the supporting arm; 3, supporting the inner wall of the bearing ring by the supporting arm to meet the preset condition; 4, locking the whole system; 5, once tempering, removing the processing device, and recording the measurement result; and 6, twice tempering, and completing the heat treatment. The application can solve the technical problems of low efficiency, high cost and poor correction effect in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-deformation heat treatment processing technology for bearing rings, specifically to a device and method for low-deformation heat treatment processing of extra-large bearing rings. Background Technology

[0002] During the heat treatment of extra-large bearing rings, the large cross-sectional dimensions and uneven wall thickness make it difficult to uniformly control the heating and cooling rates. This leads to a complex superposition of thermal and structural stresses, which easily causes elliptical and tapered deformations. Such deformations significantly reduce the geometric accuracy of the product, increase the difficulty of subsequent machining processes such as turning and grinding, and ultimately affect the assembly quality and performance of the bearing.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly adopts two methods to address heat treatment deformation. First, it increases the machining allowance of the blank beforehand, attempting to accommodate dimensional changes and shape errors after heat treatment with sufficient margin. While this method allows for adjustments in subsequent processes, it significantly increases the amount of machining required for hard turning and grinding, drastically reducing production efficiency, accelerating tool wear, increasing energy consumption, and wasting materials, resulting in high overall production costs. Second, it employs a "low-point top-shape" mechanical correction method after heat treatment, applying external force to correct detected dimensional low points. This method is often difficult to control precisely in practice, and the correction process can easily cause stress redistribution, potentially turning the original low point into a high point. The deformation problem is not fundamentally solved, and it may even trigger new irregular deformations, leading to poor product quality stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat treatment low-deformation processing device and method for extra-large bearing rings, which can actively suppress deformation during heat treatment, thereby significantly reducing the amount of subsequent processing, improving product quality consistency, and overcoming the technical problems of low efficiency, high cost and poor correction effect in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A heat treatment device for ultra-large bearing rings with low deformation includes a base and an adjustable support on the base.

[0007] The base includes a base plate and guide columns that are vertically mounted on the base plate.

[0008] The adjustable support includes an adjusting sleeve fitted on a guide post. The adjusting sleeve can move along the axial direction of the guide post and can rotate circumferentially. The adjusting sleeve is provided with a support assembly, which includes a plurality of support arms evenly arranged circumferentially on the adjusting sleeve for supporting the inner wall of the bearing race to be treated. One end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the adjusting sleeve, and the other end is used to contact the inner wall of the bearing race. The support arm can rotate about the rotatable connection point in a plane passing through the axis of the adjusting sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustable support includes a support spring and a tightening sleeve. The support spring, the adjusting sleeve, and the tightening sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the guide post. The tightening sleeve is threadedly engaged with the guide post. Rotating the tightening sleeve can cause the adjusting sleeve to compress the support spring and move closer to the base plate or move away from the base plate under the push of the support spring, thereby enabling the adjusting sleeve to move and stop along the guide post.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjusting sleeve is provided with multiple support components, which are evenly distributed along the length of the adjusting sleeve, and the corresponding support arms of different support components are in the same circumferential direction on the adjusting sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting sleeve is provided with 3 sets of support components, each of which includes 4 support arms.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the support arm that contacts the bearing race is provided with a ball head.

[0013] A method for heat-treating and processing extra-large bearing rings with low deformation, based on the above-mentioned processing apparatus, includes the following steps: S1. Place the quenched bearing ring on the base plate and make it coaxial with the guide post, and determine the maximum and minimum size points of the bearing ring's inner diameter. S2. Rotate the tightening sleeve to restore the adjusting sleeve to its initial position under the elastic force of the support spring. Based on the positions of the calibrated maximum and minimum size points, rotate the adjusting sleeve circumferentially to make the support arm in the support assembly correspond to the positions of the maximum and minimum size points. S3. Lift the two support arms corresponding to the minimum size point in the support assembly, so that the ball head of the support arm contacts and presses against the inner wall of the bearing ring. Rotate the tightening sleeve to push the adjusting sleeve downward against the elastic force of the support spring, so that the two support arms corresponding to the minimum size point open the minimum size position of the bearing ring until the ellipticity value of the bearing ring is less than the preset value. Then lift the remaining support arm to contact and press against the inner wall of the bearing ring. S4. Continue to rotate the tightening sleeve to push the adjusting sleeve downward against the elastic force of the support spring, and simultaneously apply support force to all support arms to lock the entire system; S5. After locking the bearing ring and processing device, send them into the tempering furnace for tempering. After heating and holding for the required time, let them cool slowly to room temperature. Rotate the tightening sleeve to restore the adjusting sleeve to its initial position, then loosen each support arm in sequence. Check the ovality of the bearing ring again and record the value. S6. The inspected bearing rings are then subjected to a second tempering process to complete the heat treatment.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the preset value for ellipticity is 0.3 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in steps S5 and S6, the tempering heating temperature is 180°C, and the holding time is 4 hours.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a support arm mounted on an adjusting sleeve to constrain large bearing rings and prevent deformation. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has significant effects. 2. This invention achieves comprehensive coverage of the inner wall of large bearing rings at different heights and in different directions by setting three sets of twelve support arms on the adjusting sleeve, resulting in better adjustment / support effects. 3. The present invention first uses a processing device to correct the bearing ring, then performs a tempering process together with the processing device, and then performs a second tempering process after removing the processing device. This combines precise support and constraint of deformation with active stress release during the tempering stage. During the heat treatment process, the bearing ring is subjected to full-circumferential and regional flexible constraint and synchronous shaping, which can effectively suppress elliptical and tapered deformation from the root and ensure the long-term stability of the bearing ring stress and dimensions. 4. This invention significantly reduces subsequent machining allowances, achieving simultaneous improvement in bearing ring accuracy, production efficiency, and material utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing device in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base in the processing device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjusting sleeve in the processing device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support arm in the processing device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tightening sleeve in the processing device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure descriptions: 11. Base plate, 12. Guide column, 21. Adjusting sleeve, 211. Tightening platform, 212. Fixed position, 22. Support arm, 221. Ball head, 23. Support spring, 24. Tightening sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the features and performance of a heat treatment low-deformation processing device and processing method for extra-large bearing rings of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figures 1-5 A heat treatment low-deformation processing device for extra-large bearing rings includes a base and an adjustable support on the base.

[0025] The base includes a base plate 11 and guide columns 12 vertically disposed on the base plate 11.

[0026] The adjustable support includes an adjusting sleeve 21 sleeved on the guide post 12. The adjusting sleeve 21 is axially movable and circumferentially rotatable along the guide post 12. The adjusting sleeve 21 is provided with a support assembly, which includes a plurality of support arms 22 evenly arranged circumferentially on the adjusting sleeve 21 for supporting the inner wall of the bearing race to be processed. In particular, the number of support arms 22 in the support assembly is specifically determined according to the actual situation. Preferably, in this embodiment, each support assembly is provided with 4 support arms 22.

[0027] One end of the support arm 22 is rotatably connected to the adjusting sleeve 21, and the other end is provided with a ball head 221 for contacting the inner wall of the bearing ring. The support arm 22 can rotate around the rotatable connection in a plane passing through the axis of the adjusting sleeve 21.

[0028] The adjusting sleeve 21 is provided with multiple support components, which are evenly distributed along the length of the adjusting sleeve 21. The corresponding support arms 22 of different support components are in the same circumferential direction on the adjusting sleeve 21. In particular, the number of support components is determined according to the axial dimension of the bearing ring. Preferably, in this embodiment, the adjusting sleeve 21 is provided with 3 sets of support components.

[0029] The adjustable support also includes a support spring 23 and a tightening sleeve 24. The support spring 23, the adjusting sleeve 21 and the tightening sleeve 24 are sequentially sleeved on the guide post 12. The tightening sleeve 24 is threadedly engaged with the guide post 12. Rotating the tightening sleeve 24 can cause the adjusting sleeve 21 to compress the support spring 23 and move closer to the base plate 11 or move away from the base plate 11 under the push of the support spring 23, thereby realizing the movement and stopping of the adjusting sleeve 21 along the guide post 12.

[0030] A method for heat treatment of extra-large bearing rings with low deformation, based on the above-mentioned processing device, includes the following steps.

[0031] S1. Place the quenched bearing ring on the base plate 11 and make it coaxial with the guide post 12, and determine the maximum and minimum size points of the bearing ring's inner diameter.

[0032] S2. Rotate the tightening sleeve 24 to restore the adjusting sleeve 21 to its initial position under the elastic force of the support spring 23. Based on the positions of the calibrated maximum and minimum size points, rotate the adjusting sleeve 21 circumferentially so that the support arm 22 in the support assembly corresponds to the positions of the maximum and minimum size points.

[0033] S3. Lift the two support arms 22 corresponding to the minimum size point in the support assembly, so that the ball head 221 of the support arm 22 contacts and presses against the inner wall of the bearing ring. Rotate the tightening sleeve 24 to push the adjusting sleeve 21 downward against the elastic force of the support spring 23, so that the two support arms 22 corresponding to the minimum size point open the minimum size position of the bearing ring until the ellipticity value of the bearing ring is less than the preset value. Then lift the remaining support arm 22 to contact and press against the inner wall of the bearing ring. The preset ellipticity value is 0.3 mm.

[0034] S4. Continue to rotate the tightening sleeve 24 to push the adjusting sleeve 21 downward against the elastic force of the support spring 23, and simultaneously apply support force to all support arms 22 to lock the entire system.

[0035] S5. After locking the bearing ring and processing device, send them into the tempering furnace for tempering. After heating and holding for the required time, let them cool slowly to room temperature. The heating temperature is 180℃ and the holding time is 4 hours. After rotating the tightening sleeve 24 to restore the adjusting sleeve 21 to its initial position, loosen each support arm 22 in sequence, and check the ovality of the bearing ring again and record the value.

[0036] S6. The inspected bearing rings are then subjected to a second tempering process to complete the heat treatment.

[0037] In practical implementation, the structure of a low-deformation heat treatment processing device for extra-large bearing rings is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base, guide post 12, adjusting sleeve 21, support arm 22, support spring 23, and tightening sleeve 24. Its core lies in using a "3-layer 12-point support method" to provide uniform and adjustable flexible support for the inner diameter of the bearing ring.

[0038] The "3-layer 12-point support method" specifically involves arranging a layer of support components in the upper, middle, and lower regions along the axial direction of the bearing ring. Each layer of support components has four support arms 22 evenly distributed circumferentially, totaling 12 support points. This design can constrain the bearing ring in all directions, effectively suppressing problems such as tapered deformation and elliptical deformation caused by its own weight and uneven stress during heat treatment. It can also prevent stress reversal (i.e., the original low point becomes a high point, and the high point becomes a low point) that may occur in traditional top-forming processes.

[0039] The base includes a base plate 11 and a guide post 12. The base plate 11 is used to support the bearing rings and has lifting holes to facilitate the handling of the entire device. The upper half of the guide post 12 is machined with external threads.

[0040] The adjusting sleeve 21 is a hollow structure and is fitted onto the guide post 12 of the base. Three layers of support fixing positions 212, each with four evenly distributed circumferentially, are formed along the axial direction on its sleeve wall for mounting the support arm 22. The axial distance between the uppermost and lowermost fixing positions 212 is adapted to the height of the ring to be processed. A tightening platform 211 is provided at the top of the adjusting sleeve 21.

[0041] One end of the support arm 22 is a ball joint structure, used to contact the inner diameter of the bearing ring and provide support, while the other end has a connecting part for assembly and connection with the fixing position 212 on the adjusting sleeve 21 via a hinge. The support arm 22 is connected to the adjusting sleeve 21 via a fixing pin.

[0042] The tightening sleeve 24 has an internal thread for engaging with the external thread of the base guide post 12. The lower end face of the tightening sleeve 24 contacts the tightening platform 211 on the top of the adjusting sleeve 21. When tightened, it can lock the adjusting sleeve 21 and the entire support system downward, providing stable support force.

[0043] The support spring 23 is sleeved on the base guide post 12 and located below the adjusting sleeve 21. It is used to support the adjusting sleeve 21 in the non-locked state to prevent it from sliding down and facilitate initial adjustment and positioning.

[0044] The following example uses the inner ring (material 100CrMnMoSi8-4-6) of the 241 / 900CA / W33 YB extra-large self-aligning roller bearing. Its outer diameter is Ø1100.7 mm, inner diameter is Ø900 mm, height is 515 mm, and the measured ellipticity after quenching is 2.1 mm, with a taper of 0.9 mm. The method and apparatus of this invention are used to perform tempering treatment after quenching. The specific implementation steps are as follows.

[0045] The extra-large bearing rings, after being quenched, are hoisted to the base plate 11 of the device using a special lifting tool, ensuring that the axis of the bearing rings is coaxial with the axis of the guide column 12.

[0046] First, use measuring tools, usually an inside micrometer, to mark the maximum (highest) and minimum (lowest) dimensions of the inner diameter of the ring.

[0047] Next, rotate the tightening sleeve 24 to initially adjust the height of the adjusting sleeve 21, so that the three layers of 12 fixed positions 212 installed on the tightening sleeve 24 correspond to the upper, middle, and lower support areas of the bearing ring's inner diameter (corresponding to the 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 positions in the ring height direction, respectively). Rotate the adjusting sleeve 21 circumferentially so that the support arm 22 corresponds to the marked high and low points.

[0048] First, adjust the support arm 22 corresponding to the lowest position so that its ball end contacts the inner diameter of the bearing ring and applies appropriate preload. Drive the adjusting sleeve 21 by adjusting the tightening sleeve 24, gradually opening the minimum dimension point of the bearing ring by the support arm 22 corresponding to the lowest position until the ellipticity value is detected to be ≤0.3 mm. Adjust the remaining support arms 22 sequentially to ensure that all 12 support points are evenly tightened to the inner diameter of the bearing ring, achieving full constraint on the inner circumference.

[0049] After adjustment, rotate the tightening sleeve 24 to drive the adjusting sleeve 21, thereby synchronously driving all 12 support arms 22 to evenly tighten them against the inner diameter of the bearing ring. Verification using auxiliary measuring tools (such as a measuring ruler) shows that the ellipticity of the bearing ring can be controlled to an initial ideal state of ≤0.2 mm.

[0050] The assembled bearing rings, along with the processing device, are fed into a tempering furnace, heated to 180°C, and held at this temperature for 4 hours to achieve the initial release and dissipation of residual quenching stress. At the same time, the precise constraints of the processing device are used to complete the synchronous correction and overall shaping of the ring shape.

[0051] After the tempering and holding stage, the heating power is turned off, and the bearing rings are kept constrained, allowing the rings and processing equipment to cool slowly to room temperature in the furnace, ensuring uniform stress release during cooling. This process, carried out under continuous constraint, helps to release stress evenly and avoids deformation and springback that would occur in an unconstrained state.

[0052] After cooling, the ferrule and processing device are hoisted together to the testing platform. The screw-on sleeve 24 is loosened, and the ferrule is removed from the device. The inner diameter ellipticity of the ferrule is measured using a measuring ruler, and the data is recorded. In this embodiment, the measured ellipticity value is 0.5 mm, and the taper is 0.2 mm.

[0053] The tested rings were then sent back into the tempering furnace, heated to 180℃ and held for 4 hours for secondary stress relief and dimensional stabilization treatment. After treatment, the rings were cooled to room temperature in the furnace to ensure long-term stability of their dimensions and stress state. After holding at that temperature, the rings were cooled to room temperature in the furnace.

[0054] After the above complete process, the extra-large bearing ring was subjected to a final precision inspection: its inner diameter ellipticity was 0.6 mm and its taper was 0.2 mm, which fully met the requirements of subsequent finishing processes (hard turning, grinding).

[0055] The processing effect of this embodiment is compared with that of traditional processes, and the specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1. Comparison of processing effects between the present invention and existing processes. .

[0057] This invention effectively solves the problem of deformation during heat treatment of extra-large bearing rings through the synergistic effect of "process control + tooling support". While improving product precision and stability, it significantly reduces production costs and increases production efficiency, and has good industrial application value.

[0058] It should be noted that the parts not described in detail in this solution are all prior art. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment low-deformation processing device for extra-large bearing rings, characterized in that: Includes a base and an adjustable support on the base. The base includes a base plate (11) and a guide column (12) vertically mounted on the base plate (11). The adjustable support includes an adjusting sleeve (21) sleeved on the guide post (12). The adjusting sleeve (21) can move along the axial direction of the guide post (12) and can rotate circumferentially. The adjusting sleeve (21) is provided with a support assembly. The support assembly includes a plurality of support arms (22) evenly arranged circumferentially on the adjusting sleeve (21) for supporting the inner wall of the bearing ring to be processed. One end of the support arm (22) is rotatably connected to the adjusting sleeve (21), and the other end is used to contact the inner wall of the bearing ring. The support arm (22) can rotate around the rotatable connection in a plane passing through the axis of the adjusting sleeve (21).

2. The low-deformation heat treatment processing device for extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable support includes a support spring (23) and a tightening sleeve (24). The support spring (23), the adjusting sleeve (21) and the tightening sleeve (24) are sequentially sleeved on the guide post (12). The tightening sleeve (24) is threadedly engaged with the guide post (12). Rotating the tightening sleeve (24) can cause the adjusting sleeve (21) to compress the support spring (23) and move it closer to the base plate (11) or away from the base plate (11) under the push of the support spring (23), thereby enabling the adjusting sleeve (21) to move and stop along the guide post (12).

3. The low-deformation heat treatment processing device for extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (21) is provided with multiple support components, which are evenly distributed along the length of the adjusting sleeve (21). The corresponding support arms (22) in different support components are in the same circumferential direction on the adjusting sleeve (21).

4. The low-deformation heat treatment processing device for extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (21) is provided with 3 sets of support components, each of which includes 4 support arms (22).

5. The low-deformation heat treatment processing device for extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the support arm (22) that contacts the bearing ring is provided with a ball head (221).

6. A method for heat-treating and processing extra-large bearing rings with low deformation, based on the processing apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1. Place the quenched bearing ring on the base plate (11) and make it coaxial with the guide column (12), and determine the maximum and minimum size points of the bearing ring's inner diameter. S2. Rotate the tightening sleeve (24) to restore the adjusting sleeve (21) to its initial position under the elastic force of the support spring (23). Based on the positions of the calibrated maximum and minimum size points, rotate the adjusting sleeve (21) circumferentially so that the support arm (22) in the support assembly corresponds to the positions of the maximum and minimum size points. S3. Lift the two support arms (22) corresponding to the minimum size point in the support assembly, so that the ball head (221) of the support arm (22) contacts and presses against the inner wall of the bearing ring. Rotate the tightening sleeve (24) to push the adjusting sleeve (21) to overcome the elastic force of the support spring (23) downward, so that the two support arms (22) corresponding to the minimum size point open the minimum size position of the bearing ring until the ellipticity value of the bearing ring is less than the preset value. Then lift the remaining support arm (22) to contact and press against the inner wall of the bearing ring. S4. Continue to rotate the tightening sleeve (24) to push the adjusting sleeve (21) downward against the elastic force of the support spring (23), and simultaneously apply support force to all support arms (22) to lock the entire system; S5. After locking the bearing ring and processing device, send them into the tempering furnace for tempering. After heating and holding for a certain period of time, slowly cool them to room temperature. Rotate the tightening sleeve (24) to restore the adjusting sleeve (21) to its initial position. Then loosen each support arm (22) in sequence. Check the ovality of the bearing ring again and record the value. S6. The inspected bearing rings are then subjected to a second tempering process to complete the heat treatment.

7. A method for heat treatment and low deformation processing of extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the preset value for ellipticity is 0.3 mm.

8. A method for heat treatment and low deformation processing of extra-large bearing rings as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In steps S5 and S6, the tempering heating temperature is 180℃ and the holding time is 4 hours.

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