A recoil displacement detection device and method for a gun

Abstract

The application provides a recoil displacement detection device and method for a gun barrel, the gun barrel is connected to a barrel seat; the device comprises a detection device main body and a laser reflection ruler arranged at the breech of the gun barrel; the detection device main body comprises a signal acquisition module and a laser modulation and demodulation module; the signal acquisition module is configured to emit a laser signal to the laser reflection ruler; the laser reflection ruler is used for forming a modulated reflection of the laser signal to form a reflected light signal; the reflected light signal is received and converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector; and the electric signal is transmitted to the laser modulation and demodulation module; the laser modulation unit is configured to receive a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the laser demodulation unit is configured to receive the reflected light signal; based on the reflected light signal, a detection signal is generated; and the detection signal is used for determining the recoil displacement information of the gun barrel, so as to solve the problem that the current recoil displacement detection of the gun mainly adopts an artificial detection mode, resulting in low detection efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of displacement testing technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting recoil displacement of artillery. Background Technology

[0002] Various types of artillery, such as light towed howitzers, self-propelled artillery, tank and naval artillery, are core equipment of the artillery force. Optimizing and improving their performance is of great significance for enhancing overall combat effectiveness. In the dynamics of artillery firing, recoil displacement, as a fundamental physical parameter, not only affects the accuracy of single-shot firing but is also closely linked to range control, system status monitoring, and sustained combat capability. Therefore, accurately detecting artillery recoil displacement has become a crucial aspect of meeting the needs of modern artillery operations.

[0003] Currently, in practical applications of artillery recoil displacement detection, manual detection is mainly used in training and combat scenarios. Specifically, a graduated scale is installed next to the artillery recoil rail or return mechanism. After firing, the operator visually reads the value on the scale during the return interval and manually records the displacement value, which serves as the detection result of the recoil displacement.

[0004] However, manual detection methods lag significantly behind the firing process, allowing measurements only to be taken after the firing motion is complete. This makes it impossible to obtain real-time dynamic data during recoil and return, such as displacement-time curves, instantaneous velocity, and acceleration, hindering in-depth analysis of the artillery's stress and vibration characteristics. Furthermore, the accuracy and reliability of the detection are highly dependent on manual judgment. Under the multiple interferences of the shockwaves, noise, dust, and complex battlefield lighting conditions generated by firing, operators are prone to reading errors, and even omissions or misrecordings. In addition, this method is inefficient, requiring a pause after each shot for manual recording, making it unsuitable for the tactical demands of rapid firing or continuous suppressive fire by high-rate-of-fire artillery. Moreover, manually recorded data fails to be digitized and automated, creating information silos that are difficult to integrate into the fire control system or tactical network in real time, limiting further data analysis and application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a device and method for detecting recoil displacement of artillery, in order to solve the technical problem that the current method of detecting recoil displacement of artillery mainly relies on manual detection, resulting in low detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a recoil displacement detection device for a cannon, applied to a cannon barrel, the cannon barrel being connected to a gun mount; comprising: The detection device body and laser reflection scale are installed at the breech of the gun barrel; The main body of the detection device includes: Signal acquisition module, laser modulation and demodulation module; The signal acquisition module is configured as follows: A laser signal is emitted toward the laser reflector; the laser reflector is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal. The reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector; The electrical signal is transmitted to the laser modulation and demodulation module; The laser modulation and demodulation module includes: a laser modulation unit and a laser demodulation unit; The laser modulation unit is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current to the signal acquisition module; the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module, so that the signal acquisition module emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency. The laser demodulation unit is configured as follows: Receive the reflected light signal; A detection signal is generated based on the reflected light signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel.

[0007] In some embodiments, the laser reflector is provided with an encoding segment and a data stream code. The encoding segment is used to locate the initial position of the barrel, and the data stream code is used to record the displacement information of the barrel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module includes: A semiconductor laser is used to emit a laser signal toward the laser reflector; the laser signal is shaped by the collimating lens group of the semiconductor laser to form a parallel beam that is directed onto the surface of the laser reflector. An optical fiber coupling unit is used to inject the parallel beam into the transmission optical fiber and transmit it to the laser modulation and demodulation module. An optical receiving lens is used to receive the reflected light signal and convert it into an electrical signal using a photodetector.

[0009] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module further includes: A focusing unit is used to adjust the focal length of the optical receiving lens so that the reflected light spot of the reflected light signal is clearly imaged on the target surface of the photodetector.

[0010] In some embodiments, the laser modulation unit includes: Electrically connected components include a first resistor, a second resistor, a feedback resistor, a third resistor, a protection resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a control excitation power supply, and a MOSFET. The laser modulation unit is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal; the first pulse signal is filtered and amplified by a filtering and amplification network consisting of a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second resistor, a second capacitor, a first operational amplifier, and a feedback resistor to generate an output voltage; the output voltage is used to control the control excitation power supply to provide driving current to the semiconductor laser. The second pulse signal is received; the second pulse signal drives the MOS transistor through the third resistor, and the semiconductor laser is high-frequency modulated by the protection resistor, so that the semiconductor laser emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency.

[0011] In some embodiments, the laser demodulation unit includes: The electrical connections include the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth resistors, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor, the second operational amplifier, and the demodulation chip. The laser demodulation unit is configured as follows: The reflected light signal is received; the reflected light signal is amplified by an amplification circuit consisting of the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the third capacitor, the second operational amplifier, the sixth resistor, and the seventh resistor; the amplified reflected light signal is then filtered by a high-pass filter consisting of the fourth capacitor and the eighth resistor to remove low-frequency noise, and then transmitted to the demodulation chip to generate a detection signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the detection device body further includes: The signal processing module includes: Processor, pulse signal numerically controlled phase shifter module, inverter; The processor is configured to: A first pulse signal and a second pulse signal are sent to the laser modulation unit; and the second pulse signal is conditioned by the inverter and then sent to the pulse signal numerically controlled phase-shifting module to generate an output pulse signal; the falling edge of the output pulse signal is aligned with the peak position of the reflected light signal. The processor is also configured to: Based on the output pulse signal, a trigger signal is generated and sent to the laser demodulation unit, so that the laser demodulation unit samples when the amplitude of the reflected light signal is at its maximum.

[0013] In some embodiments, the detection device body further includes: The reflected pulse isolation output module includes: Electrically connected high-speed optocouplers, output protection transient diodes, and current-limiting resistors; The processor is also configured to: The amplitude of the detection signal is compared with a preset gate threshold. If the amplitude of the detection signal is greater than the preset gate threshold, a high-level logic signal is output; if the amplitude of the detection signal is less than the preset gate threshold, a low-level logic signal is output. The high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal are sent to the reflected pulse isolation output module; The reflected pulse isolation output module is configured as follows: Based on the high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal, a high-level and a low-level signal are output to convert the detection signal into an coded pulse sequence.

[0014] In some embodiments, the detection device body further includes: The pulse code processing module is configured as follows: By identifying the coded segment, the coded pulse sequence is segmented, decoded, and counted to obtain the recoil displacement value of the gun barrel; Power module, the power module being configured to: Provide a 3.3V or 6V DC voltage to the signal acquisition module, laser modulation and demodulation module, signal processing module, reflected pulse isolation output module, and pulse code processing module.

[0015] The second aspect of this application provides a method for detecting recoil displacement of artillery, applied to an artillery recoil displacement detection device as described in any one of the first aspects above, comprising: A laser signal is emitted toward a laser reflector; the laser reflector is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal. The reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector; The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current for the signal acquisition module; the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module, so that the signal acquisition module emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency. Receive the reflected light signal; A detection signal is generated based on the reflected light signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel.

[0016] This application provides a recoil displacement detection device and method for artillery, applied to a gun barrel connected to a gun mount; the device includes: a detection device body and a laser reflection scale disposed at the breech of the gun barrel; the detection device body includes: a signal acquisition module and a laser modulation and demodulation module; the signal acquisition module is configured to: emit a laser signal to the laser reflection scale; the laser reflection scale is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal; receive the reflected light signal and convert it into an electrical signal using a photodetector; transmit the electrical signal to the laser modulation and demodulation module; the laser modulation and demodulation module... The system includes a laser modulation unit and a laser demodulation unit. The laser modulation unit is configured to receive a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal. The first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current to the signal acquisition module. The second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module, causing the signal acquisition module to emit a laser signal modulated by the high-frequency modulation. The laser demodulation unit is configured to receive the reflected light signal and generate a detection signal based on the reflected light signal. The detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the gun barrel, so as to realize automatic detection of recoil displacement of the artillery and improve detection efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the recoil displacement detection device for artillery in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cannon barrel in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data stream code in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal acquisition module in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser modulation and demodulation module in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser modulation unit and the laser demodulation unit in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing module in this application; Figure 8 This is a waveform diagram of the sampled signal in this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Cannon barrel; 110-Cannon mount; 200-Detection device body; 300-Laser reflector scale; 400-Signal acquisition module; 410-Semiconductor laser; 420-Fiber optic coupling unit; 430-Optical receiving lens; 440-Focusing unit; 500-Laser modulation and demodulation module; 510-Laser modulation unit; 5101-First resistor; 5102-Second resistor; 5103-Feedback resistor; 5104-Third resistor; 5105-Protection resistor; 5106-First capacitor; 5107-Second capacitor; 5108-First operational amplifier; 5109-Control excitation power supply; 5110-MOS Tube; 520-Laser demodulation unit; 5201-Fourth resistor; 5202-Fifth resistor; 5203-Sixth resistor; 5204-Seventh resistor; 5205-Eighth resistor; 5206-Third capacitor; 5207-Fourth capacitor; 5208-Second operational amplifier; 5209-Demodulation chip; 600-Signal processing module; 610-Processor; 620-Pulse signal digitally controlled phase shifting module; 630-Inverter; 700-Reflected pulse isolated output module; 710-High-speed optocoupler; 720-Output protection transient diode; 730-Current limiting resistor; 800-Pulse code processing module; 900-Power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Because some technologies primarily rely on manual detection for artillery recoil displacement, resulting in low detection efficiency and accuracy, this application provides an artillery recoil displacement detection device and method to address this issue. The artillery recoil displacement detection device and method are described below: like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the artillery recoil displacement detection device in this application.

[0022] The first aspect of this application provides a recoil displacement detection device for a cannon, applied to a cannon barrel 100, the cannon barrel 100 being connected to a gun mount 110, such as... Figure 2 As shown; including: The detection device body 200 and the laser reflector 300 are located at the breech of the gun barrel 100. The detection device body 200 is responsible for signal acquisition, modulation and demodulation, real-time processing, isolation output, stable power supply and code parsing, which together ensure high-precision, real-time detection and data transmission of the gun recoil displacement.

[0023] For example, the laser reflector 300 is provided with an encoding segment and a data stream code. The encoding segment is used to locate the initial position of the cannon barrel 100, and the data stream code is used to record the displacement information of the cannon barrel 100.

[0024] Specifically, the digital encoding on the laser reflective ruler 300 adopts a segmented design, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it mainly consists of two parts: one is the frame header used for positioning and synchronization, which is composed of coded segments with a reflected light spacing of approximately 1.5 mm (corresponding to...). Figure 3 The part marked 123); the second is the data stream code used to record displacement information (corresponding to...). Figure 3 The data stream portion consists of small-sized codes arranged at equal intervals with a spacing of approximately 1 mm between reflected light beams. The structural design of the laser reflector ruler 300 ensures that the system can reliably identify the starting position during rapid recoil and also guarantees high-resolution acquisition of displacement information.

[0025] The main body 200 of the detection device includes a signal acquisition module 400 and a laser modulation and demodulation module 500. The signal acquisition module 400, as the front-end signal acquisition unit of the main body 200 of the detection device, is the physical basis for the entire system to achieve high-precision displacement sensing; its core functions mainly include key links such as laser emission, reflected light reception, optical focusing and fiber coupling.

[0026] The signal acquisition module 400 is configured as follows: A laser signal is emitted to the laser reflector 300; the laser reflector 300 is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal; the reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector.

[0027] The signal acquisition module 400 includes: A semiconductor laser 410 is used to emit a laser signal to the laser reflector 300; the laser signal is shaped by the collimating lens group of the semiconductor laser 410 to form a parallel beam that is directionally projected onto the surface of the laser reflector 300.

[0028] The fiber optic coupling unit 420 is used to inject the parallel beam into the transmission fiber and transmit it to the laser modulation and demodulation module 500.

[0029] An optical receiving lens 430 is used to receive the reflected light signal and convert it into an electrical signal using a photodetector 431.

[0030] The focusing unit 440 is used to adjust the focal length of the optical receiving lens 430 so that the reflected light spot of the reflected light signal can be clearly imaged on the target surface of the photodetector 431.

[0031] Specifically, in the laser emission section, the signal acquisition module 400 integrates a highly stable semiconductor laser 410. Its output beam, after being shaped by a collimating lens group, forms a parallel beam with a very small divergence angle and concentrated energy, which is then directionally projected onto the surface of the laser reflection scale 300 mounted on the moving parts of the artillery. The precise coded pattern on the laser reflection scale 300 modulates and reflects the incident laser.

[0032] The reflected light receiving stage utilizes a specially designed optical receiving lens 430 to efficiently collect the diffuse reflection signal modulated by the laser reflector 300. The optical receiving lens 430 features a well-designed stray light suppression system, effectively inhibiting ambient light interference and ensuring signal purity. The received reflected light is focused onto the surface of a high-performance photodetector and converted into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0033] To adapt to different installation distances and operating conditions, the signal acquisition module 400 incorporates an adjustable focusing mechanism (focusing unit 440). By fine-tuning the focal length of the receiving lens, it ensures clear imaging of the reflected light spot on the photodetector target surface, thereby guaranteeing signal contrast and measurement stability. Crucially, the fiber optic coupling section injects the weak signal, after photoelectric conversion, into the transmission fiber through a high-efficiency fiber optic coupling unit 420. This process employs precise optical design to maximize coupling efficiency, reduce transmission loss, and ensure that the signal is transmitted with high fidelity to the subsequent processing circuitry, i.e., the electrical signal is transmitted to the laser modulation and demodulation module 500.

[0034] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the signal acquisition module in this application.

[0035] The laser modulation and demodulation module 500 includes a laser modulation unit 510 and a laser demodulation unit 520; the overall circuit of the laser modulation and demodulation module 500 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the leftmost part is the laser emission part (laser modulation unit 510), and the rightmost part is the laser reflection signal detection part (laser demodulation unit 520). The two parts achieve high-precision displacement sensing through optical and circuit collaboration.

[0036] The laser modulation unit 510 is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current to the signal acquisition module 400; the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module 400, so that the signal acquisition module 400 emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency.

[0037] The laser modulation unit 510 includes: The electrical connections include a first resistor 5101, a second resistor 5102, a feedback resistor 5103, a third resistor 5104, a protection resistor 5105, a first capacitor 5106, a second capacitor 5107, a first operational amplifier 5108, a control excitation power supply 5109, and a MOSFET 5110.

[0038] The laser modulation unit 510 is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal; the first pulse signal is filtered and amplified by a filtering and amplification network consisting of the first resistor 5101, the first capacitor 5106, the second resistor 5102, the second capacitor 5107, the first operational amplifier 5108, and the feedback resistor 5103 to generate an output voltage; the output voltage is used to control the control excitation power supply 5109 to provide driving current to the semiconductor laser 410.

[0039] The second pulse signal is received; the second pulse signal drives the MOS transistor 5110 through the third resistor 5104, and, together with the protection resistor 5105, performs high-frequency modulation on the semiconductor laser 410, so that the semiconductor laser 410 emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency.

[0040] Specifically, in the laser emission section, the laser modulation unit 510 first uses the PWM1 signal (first pulse signal) from the processor 610, with a frequency of 10kHz, to generate a 10-bit precision digital-to-analog (D / A) output voltage (range 0~3V) through a filtering and amplification network consisting of resistor 2R1, capacitor 2C1, resistor 2R2, capacitor 2C2, operational amplifier 2U1, and feedback resistor 2R3. This voltage is used to control the excitation power supply 2U2, thereby providing a stable and adjustable drive current for the semiconductor laser tV1, ensuring a constant laser output intensity.

[0041] Simultaneously, the PWM2 signal (second pulse signal) from the processor, with a frequency of 200kHz, drives the MOS transistor 2U3 through resistor 2R4. Combined with the protection resistor 2R5, this high-frequency modulates the semiconductor laser tV1, causing it to emit an intensity-modulated laser signal. This modulated light is transmitted through an optical fiber interface to... Figure 3 The surface of the coding strip of the laser reflective ruler 300 shown.

[0042] The laser demodulation unit 520 is configured as follows: The reflected light signal is received; a detection signal is generated based on the reflected light signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel 100.

[0043] The laser demodulation unit 520 includes: The electrical connections are: fourth resistor 5201, fifth resistor 5202, sixth resistor 5203, seventh resistor 5204, eighth resistor 5205, third capacitor 5206, fourth capacitor 5207, second operational amplifier 5208, and demodulation chip 5209.

[0044] The laser demodulation unit 520 is configured as follows: The reflected light signal is received; the reflected light signal is amplified by an amplification circuit consisting of the fourth resistor 5201, the fifth resistor 5202, the third capacitor 5206, the second operational amplifier 5208, the sixth resistor 5203, and the seventh resistor 5204; the amplified reflected light signal is then filtered by a high-pass filter consisting of the fourth capacitor 5207 and the eighth resistor 5205 to remove low-frequency noise, and then transmitted to the demodulation chip 5209 to generate a detection signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the cannon barrel 100.

[0045] Specifically, in the signal receiving section, the optical signal reflected from the coded strip is transmitted through the receiving optical fiber to the photodetector rV2 (PD), and then enters a precision amplification circuit composed of resistors 2R6, 2R7, 2C3, 2R8, and 2R9. This circuit amplifies the weak reflected photocurrent signal by approximately 200 times. After low-frequency noise is filtered out by a high-pass filter composed of capacitor 2C4 and resistor 2R10, the signal is sent to the demodulation chip 2U5 for processing, and finally outputs the Vb detection signal reflecting displacement information.

[0046] Because the system employs 200kHz high-frequency modulation, it effectively suppresses low-frequency interference from sunlight and ambient light, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection accuracy. Simultaneously, the high-frequency modulation, combined with high-speed signal processing circuitry, ensures the system's real-time tracking and accurate measurement of high-speed displacement changes during artillery recoil.

[0047] For example, the detection device body 200 further includes: Signal processing module 600, the circuit of which is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, its core components include a pulse signal digitally controlled phase-shifting module 620, an ARM processor 610, an output excitation circuit, a signal and status display circuit, and a button setting interface, which together realize the synchronization, acquisition, and real-time processing of the modulated optical signal. The signal processing module 600 includes: Processor 610, pulse signal numerically controlled phase shifting module 620, inverter 630.

[0048] The processor 610 is configured to: A first pulse signal and a second pulse signal are sent to the laser modulation unit 510; and the second pulse signal is conditioned by the inverter 630 and sent to the pulse signal numerically controlled phase shift module 620 to generate an output pulse signal; the falling edge of the output pulse signal is aligned with the peak position of the reflected light signal.

[0049] The processor 610 is also configured to: Based on the output pulse signal, a trigger signal is generated and sent to the laser demodulation unit 520, so that the laser demodulation unit 520 samples when the amplitude of the reflected light signal is at its maximum.

[0050] Specifically, in the circuit corresponding to the signal processing module 600, the PWM2 signal from the ARM processor 610 (and) Figure 6 The laser modulation signal (from the same source) is first conditioned by inverter 3U1, and then sent to pulse signal digitally controlled phase shift module 3U2. The ARM processor 610 sends a phase shift control command to capacitor 3U2 via GPIO pin PB1 to precisely adjust the phase of its output pulse Vc, so that the falling edge of Vc coincides with... Figure 7 The peak positions of the reflected light signal Vb output by the Zhongguang Optoelectronic receiving circuit are strictly aligned. The Vc signal is further connected to the PB0 pin of the ARM processor 610 as an external edge interrupt trigger source, ensuring that the system can perform synchronous sampling when the amplitude of the reflected signal is at its maximum, thereby significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection accuracy. This synchronization timing relationship can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8 The waveform diagram shown in (b) is shown in the figure.

[0051] In addition, the circuit also integrates functional modules such as output excitation drive, real-time signal status display, and user key settings, forming a complete high-speed, configurable signal processing link to provide stable and reliable control and data processing capabilities for the displacement detection system.

[0052] For example, the detection device body 200 further includes: A reflected pulse isolation output module 700, comprising: The high-speed optocoupler 710, the output protection transient diode 720, and the current-limiting resistor 730 are electrically connected.

[0053] The processor 610 is also configured to: The amplitude of the detected signal is compared with a preset gate threshold. If the amplitude of the detected signal is greater than the preset gate threshold, a high-level logic signal is output; if the amplitude of the detected signal is less than the preset gate threshold, a low-level logic signal is output.

[0054] The high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal are sent to the reflected pulse isolation output module 700.

[0055] The reflected pulse isolation output module 700 is configured as follows: Based on the high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal, a high-level and a low-level signal are output to convert the detection signal into an coded pulse sequence.

[0056] Specifically, the reflected pulse isolation output module 700 consists of an isolation output circuit composed of a high-speed optocoupler V1, an output protection transient diode V2, and a current-limiting resistor R, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this circuit, controlled by the PB3 pin of the ARM processor 610, can output high-speed pulse signals in real time and continuously. Specifically, the ARM processor 610 compares and judges the amplitude of the reflected wave acquired in real time with the preset gate threshold, and then controls the PB3 pin to output the corresponding logic level, so that the optocoupler output terminal presents the corresponding "high" (H) or "low" (L) pulse state. The amplitude of the output pulse directly depends on the external power supply voltage Vcc (allowable range 9V to 40V), thus possessing strong level adaptation capability and drive compatibility. In addition, the optocoupler circuit has excellent electrical isolation characteristics in its design, with an isolation withstand voltage of up to 1500V, which can effectively suppress the high voltage impact and ground loop interference generated during artillery firing, and other severe electrical noise, ensuring that the pulse signal can still be reliably and completely transmitted to the subsequent processing unit in a strong interference environment, providing a key guarantee for the stable operation of the entire detection system.

[0057] For example, the detection device body 200 further includes: Power module 900, the power module 900 being configured to: Provide a 3.3V or 6V DC voltage to the signal acquisition module 400, laser modulation and demodulation module 500, signal processing module 600, reflected pulse isolation output module 700, and pulse code processing module 800.

[0058] Specifically, to ensure that the complex and ever-changing power supply environment of the artillery system does not affect the reliable operation of the "displacement detection device," this application adopts a high-performance, high-isolation wide-voltage input DC / DC power module. The power module 900 has a wide-range DC input voltage adaptability of 9V to 40V, effectively coping with voltage fluctuations and instantaneous drops that may occur during artillery platform startup, firing, and under different operating conditions. Its output provides stable 6V and 3.3V voltages, respectively, ensuring safe and clean power supply to the analog circuits, digital logic, and processor core in the detection device. The overall power consumption of the power module 900 has been optimized, operating at less than 2W under full load, demonstrating excellent energy efficiency. Crucially, the power module 900 incorporates enhanced isolation and surge suppression design, capable of withstanding instantaneous impact voltages up to 2500V. This effectively resists large current transients, ground potential abrupt changes, and strong electromagnetic interference generated during artillery firing, ensuring the displacement detection device can continue to operate stably in the harsh battlefield electrical environment, laying a solid power foundation for the overall reliability of the system.

[0059] For example, the detection device body 200 further includes: Pulse code processing module 800, wherein the pulse code processing module 800 is configured to: By identifying the coded segment, the coded pulse sequence is segmented, decoded, and counted to obtain the recoil displacement value of the cannon barrel 100.

[0060] Specifically, during the recoil of the artillery, the detection device 200 continuously projects a modulated laser beam onto the laser reflector 300. The coded segment on the reflector modulates and reflects the laser beam; the reflected light is captured by the receiving optical path and converted into an analog electrical signal (reflected wave) containing displacement information. The software algorithm identifies the frame header synchronization code to determine the starting position of the coded segment, providing a reference for subsequent processing. After receiving the coded pulse sequence, the pulse coding processing module 800 divides the continuous pulse stream into multiple segments according to the identified frame header synchronization code. Each segment corresponds to a coded unit on the laser reflector 300, thereby achieving orderly organization of the coded pulse sequence. For each segmented coded unit, the pulse coding processing module 800 uses a specific decoding algorithm to convert the "H / L" coded pulse sequence back into the original displacement information.

[0061] For example, based on the scale precision of the encoder and the counting results, the system calculates the precise displacement value of the artillery recoil. For instance, if each encoder unit on the encoder represents a displacement of 0.1 mm, and the counting results show that 100 encoder units have been passed during the recoil process, then the artillery recoil displacement value is 10 mm.

[0062] This application provides a recoil displacement detection device for artillery, the specific implementation of which is as follows: The software system of this application runs on the ARM processor 610 inside the detection device. Its core task is to decode the laser reflection signal in real time and accurately, and convert it into a pulse code sequence corresponding to the recoil displacement of the artillery. The entire working process begins with system power-on initialization, completing hardware self-test, parameter loading (such as threshold, sampling time offset), and peripheral interface configuration.

[0063] When the artillery fires and the recoil begins, the detection device body 200 (integrating a laser emitting and receiving optical path), mounted at position A at the breech of the artillery, continuously projects a modulated laser beam onto a laser reflector 300 fixed at position B at the breech. The "frame" structure on the laser reflector 300 provides a synchronization starting point, and the subsequent precisely encoded pattern modulates and reflects the laser. The reflected light is captured by the receiving optical path and, after photoelectric conversion, becomes an analog electrical signal (i.e., a "reflected wave") containing displacement information.

[0064] The key aspects of software algorithms are real-time sampling and decision-making. For example... Figure 8 As shown in (c), the processor 610 uses a pre-calibrated intermediate level value as the decision threshold and uses ±1 / 2 of the bandwidth of this threshold as the hysteresis comparison interval to enhance anti-interference capability. Sampling triggering is strictly combined with timing control: high-speed analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) sampling of the reflected wave signal is initiated at the falling edge of the ARM processor's PB0 pin (which receives the synchronous clock generated from the pulse signal numerically controlled phase shift module 620). This falling edge has been precisely adjusted by the phase shifter to align with the peak value of the reflected wave signal (corresponding to...). Figure 8 (b) is the ideal sampling point, thus ensuring that the signal is captured at the highest signal-to-noise ratio.

[0065] The sampled amplitude data is immediately fed into the real-time decision algorithm. The algorithm compares the sampled value with a preset threshold and hysteresis interval, and quickly determines the corresponding encoding state at that moment, outputting a digital "H" (high) or "L" (low) level. As the artillery recoils, this high-speed "sampling, decision, and output" process continues, thereby converting the continuous reflected wave signal into a series of precisely corresponding "H / L" pulse sequences, i.e., the "encoded pulse" stream.

[0066] The encoded pulse sequence is composed of Figure 1 The pulse code processing module 800 (such as an FPGA or dedicated MCU circuit) receives and records pulses in real time. Subsequent processing involves identifying the frame header synchronization code, segmenting, decoding, and counting the continuous pulse stream, and finally calculating the precise displacement value corresponding to the scale of the coded ruler. This value is then reported in real time to the fire control system or data recording unit via the communication interface, completing the real-time conversion from physical displacement to digital information. The entire software process is centered on high-priority interrupts and real-time task scheduling, ensuring that all processing is completed within milliseconds, meeting the high-speed, real-time measurement requirements of the artillery recoil process.

[0067] For example, due to manufacturing tolerances, wear and tear (such as rifling wear, changes in recoil fluid volume, or deterioration of seal performance), and propellant performance fluctuations under different ambient temperatures, the actual recoil length of each artillery piece is not constant, but exhibits certain random and systematic variations around the theoretical value. The actual recoil displacement of each shot can be regarded as a direct reflection of the actual stress and mechanical health of the artillery piece under specific operating conditions. If this data can be acquired in real time and accurately, the fire control system can dynamically correct the elevation and azimuth angles of subsequent shots within milliseconds, relying on ballistic models or compensation algorithms based on big data and machine learning. For example, detecting a shorter recoil displacement may indicate a decrease in initial velocity, and the system can automatically fine-tune the elevation angle to compensate for the range, and vice versa. This is equivalent to giving each artillery piece a real-time "self-calibration" capability, which can significantly improve firing density, first-strike coverage probability, and long-range precision strike capability.

[0068] Furthermore, the application value of this application is not limited to firing correction, but can be extended to the whole life cycle health management of artillery equipment, operational safety, and cost-effectiveness improvement. Real-time recoil displacement data can diagnose the working status of key artillery components (such as recoil mechanism, recoil mechanism, and cradle guide rail). Regular changes or abnormal fluctuations in recoil displacement (such as continuous shortening, drastic changes, or exceeding safety thresholds) can provide timely warnings of potential faults such as hydraulic leakage, gas leakage, component jamming, or excessive wear. Equipment maintenance can shift from periodic inspections or post-failure repairs to data-driven predictive condition-based maintenance, thereby intervening before failures occur, improving artillery readiness and mission reliability, and reducing whole life cycle maintenance costs.

[0069] A second aspect of this application provides a method for detecting recoil displacement of artillery, applied to an artillery recoil displacement detection device described in any of the above embodiments, comprising: A laser signal is emitted toward a laser reflector; the laser reflector is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal. The reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector; The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current for the signal acquisition module; the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module, so that the signal acquisition module emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency. Receive the reflected light signal; A detection signal is generated based on the reflected light signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel.

[0070] It is worth noting that the effects of the above method embodiments can be found in the effects of the above device embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] The above detailed embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A recoil displacement detection device for artillery, applied to a gun barrel (100), the gun barrel (100) being connected to a gun mount (110); characterized in that, include: The detection device body (200) and laser reflection ruler (300) are installed at the breech of the gun barrel (100). The main body (200) of the detection device includes: Signal acquisition module (400), laser modulation and demodulation module (500); The signal acquisition module (400) is configured as follows: A laser signal is emitted to the laser reflector (300); the laser reflector (300) is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal. The reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector; The electrical signal is transmitted to the laser modulation and demodulation module (500). The laser modulation and demodulation module (500) includes: a laser modulation unit (510) and a laser demodulation unit (520); The laser modulation unit (510) is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a driving current to the signal acquisition module (400); the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module (400) so that the signal acquisition module (400) emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency. The laser demodulation unit (520) is configured as follows: Receive the reflected light signal; Based on the reflected light signal, a detection signal is generated; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel (100).

2. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser reflector (300) is provided with an encoding segment and a data stream code. The encoding segment is used to locate the initial position of the cannon barrel (100). The data stream code is used to record the displacement information of the cannon barrel (100).

3. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module (400) includes: A semiconductor laser (410) is used to emit a laser signal to the laser reflector (300); the laser signal is shaped by the collimating lens group of the semiconductor laser (410) to form a parallel beam that is directed onto the surface of the laser reflector (300). An optical fiber coupling unit (420) is used to inject the parallel beam into the transmission optical fiber and transmit it to the laser modulation and demodulation module (500). An optical receiving lens (430) is used to receive the reflected light signal and convert it into an electrical signal using a photodetector (431).

4. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module (400) also includes: A focusing unit (440) is used to adjust the focal length of the optical receiving lens (420) so that the reflected light spot of the reflected light signal is clearly imaged on the target surface of the photodetector (431).

5. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser modulation unit (510) includes: The electrical connections include a first resistor (5101), a second resistor (5102), a feedback resistor (5103), a third resistor (5104), a protection resistor (5105), a first capacitor (5106), a second capacitor (5107), a first operational amplifier (5108), a control excitation power supply (5109), and a MOSFET (5110). The laser modulation unit (510) is configured as follows: The system receives a first pulse signal; the first pulse signal is filtered and amplified by a filtering and amplification network consisting of the first resistor (5101), the first capacitor (5106), the second resistor (5102), the second capacitor (5107), the first operational amplifier (5108), and the feedback resistor (5103) to generate an output voltage; the output voltage is used to control the control excitation power supply (5109) to provide driving current to the semiconductor laser (410); The second pulse signal is received; the second pulse signal drives the MOS transistor (5110) through the third resistor (5104), and the semiconductor laser (410) is high-frequency modulated by the protection resistor (5105), so that the semiconductor laser (410) emits the high-frequency modulated laser signal.

6. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser demodulation unit (520) includes: The electrical connections include the fourth resistor (5201), the fifth resistor (5202), the sixth resistor (5203), the seventh resistor (5204), the eighth resistor (5205), the third capacitor (5206), the fourth capacitor (5207), the second operational amplifier (5208), and the demodulation chip (5209). The laser demodulation unit (520) is configured as follows: The reflected light signal is received; the reflected light signal is amplified by an amplification circuit consisting of the fourth resistor (5201), the fifth resistor (5202), the third capacitor (5206), the second operational amplifier (5208), the sixth resistor (5203), and the seventh resistor (5204); the amplified reflected light signal is then filtered by a high-pass filter consisting of the fourth capacitor (5207) and the eighth resistor (5205) to remove low-frequency noise, and then transmitted to the demodulation chip (5209) to generate a detection signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the cannon barrel (100).

7. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body (200) of the detection device also includes: Signal processing module (600), the signal processing module (600) includes: Processor (610), pulse signal numerically controlled phase shift module (620), inverter (630); The processor (610) is configured to: A first pulse signal and a second pulse signal are sent to the laser modulation unit (510); and the second pulse signal is conditioned by the inverter (630) and then sent to the pulse signal numerically controlled phase shift module (620) to generate an output pulse signal; the falling edge of the output pulse signal is aligned with the peak position of the reflected light signal. The processor (610) is also configured to: Based on the output pulse signal, a trigger signal is generated and sent to the laser demodulation unit (520), so that the laser demodulation unit (520) samples when the amplitude of the reflected light signal is at its maximum.

8. The artillery recoil displacement detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main body (200) of the detection device also includes: A reflected pulse isolation output module (700), the reflected pulse isolation output module (700) comprising: The high-speed optocoupler (710), output protection transient diode (720), and current-limiting resistor (730) are electrically connected. The processor (610) is also configured to: The amplitude of the detection signal is compared with a preset gate threshold. If the amplitude of the detection signal is greater than the preset gate threshold, a high-level logic signal is output; if the amplitude of the detection signal is less than the preset gate threshold, a low-level logic signal is output. The high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal are sent to the reflected pulse isolation output module (700). The reflected pulse isolation output module (700) is configured as follows: Based on the high-level logic signal and the low-level logic signal, a high-level and a low-level signal are output to convert the detection signal into an coded pulse sequence.

9. A recoil displacement detection device for artillery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main body (200) of the detection device also includes: A pulse code processing module (800) is configured to: By identifying the coded segment, the coded pulse sequence is segmented, decoded, and counted to obtain the recoil displacement value of the cannon barrel (100); Power module (900), the power module (900) is configured to: Provide a 3.3V or 6V DC voltage to the signal acquisition module (400), laser modulation and demodulation module (500), signal processing module (600), reflected pulse isolation output module (700), and pulse code processing module (800).

10. A method for detecting recoil displacement of artillery, applied to the artillery recoil displacement detection device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: A laser signal is emitted toward a laser reflector; the laser reflector is used to modulate and reflect the laser signal to form a reflected light signal. The reflected light signal is received and converted into an electrical signal using a photodetector; The system receives a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal; the first pulse signal is used to provide a drive current for the signal acquisition module; the second pulse signal is used to perform high-frequency modulation on the signal acquisition module, so that the signal acquisition module emits a laser signal modulated by the high frequency. Receive the reflected light signal; A detection signal is generated based on the reflected light signal; the detection signal is used to determine the recoil displacement information of the barrel.

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