Distributed optical fiber temperature monitoring device for thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery overcharge

By using a distributed fiber optic temperature monitoring device, the problems of blind spots and safety hazards of traditional sensors when lithium-ion battery packs are overcharged are solved. It enables early thermal runaway warning and closed-loop handling with full coverage of the battery cells, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system.

CN122149677APending Publication Date: 2026-06-05SHANGHAI ZUNLI TESTING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
SHANGHAI ZUNLI TESTING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-04-10
Publication Date
2026-06-05

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

When existing lithium-ion battery packs are overcharged, traditional sensors have limited temperature measurement points, resulting in monitoring blind spots. Furthermore, they pose safety hazards in flammable, explosive, and strong electromagnetic environments, making it difficult to achieve early and accurate warnings of thermal runaway.

Method used

A distributed fiber optic temperature monitoring device is adopted. By fixing sensing fiber optic modules to the outer walls on both sides of the lithium battery cell, the fiber optic temperature measurement host is connected to the fiber optic cable to realize laser emission, optical signal reception, photoelectric conversion and temperature demodulation. Combined with Raman scattering demodulation algorithm and machine learning algorithm, a four-dimensional composite early warning model is constructed to achieve early and accurate early warning and link with external systems for closed-loop processing.

Benefits of technology

It achieves continuous temperature monitoring of the entire battery cell, accurately identifies local overheating in the early stage of overcharging, improves the time window for thermal runaway warning, enhances the safety and reliability of the device, and reduces engineering costs.

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Abstract

The application discloses a distributed optical fiber temperature monitoring device for overcharge thermal runaway of a lithium ion battery pack, and relates to the field of battery temperature monitoring devices.The device comprises lithium battery pack cells, and sensing optical fiber modules are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two sides of the lithium battery pack cells.The sensing optical fiber module comprises a flame-retardant sheet, a placing groove, an optical fiber, a clamping block and a plug.The placing groove is formed in the outer surface of the flame-retardant sheet.The application adopts a full-range passive optical fiber sensing design, has no electric spark and short circuit hidden danger, and the flame-retardant insulation structure is suitable for the battery explosion-proof scene, thereby completely solving the safety defects of traditional active sensors.The application adopts a continuous optical fiber layout scheme in which the cells are connected in series on both sides, a single optical fiber can realize thousands of continuous sensing points, all overcharge heat production high-risk areas, such as the cell body, the tab, the bus bar and the high-voltage connection point, are comprehensively covered, and the core defects of the traditional point-type sensor, such as the limited number of points and the inability to capture local hot spots, are solved, so that the early local overheating of overcharge can be accurately identified.
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