Optical system and vehicle lamp

Abstract

This invention discloses an optical system and a vehicle lamp. The optical system includes LED particles, a lamp panel, and an integrated optical structure assembly with the LED particles as the focal point. The assembly includes a collimator, a light-transmitting and refractive structure, and a parabolic reflective structure. The collimator has a first transparent light-incident surface and a first transparent light-exit surface. The first transparent light-incident surface is used to collect direct light from the LED particles. The light-transmitting and refractive structure is connected to the collimator and has a second transparent light-incident surface and a second transparent light-exit surface, allowing the direct light from the LED to maintain its propagation direction after passing through. The parabolic reflective structure is connected to the light-transmitting and refractive structure, and its reflective light-exit surface is made of a reflective material, used to collect and collimate the light emitted from the light-transmitting and refractive structure. This system improves optical efficiency by transmitting and collimating direct light from the main light-emitting area and reflecting and collimating large-angle direct light. The integrated design eliminates the need for additional assembly brackets and connecting structures, reduces parts and redundancy, achieves lightweight design, and has low process requirements and controllable costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of automotive lighting optical systems. Specifically, this invention relates to an optical system and an automotive lamp. Background Technology

[0002] Existing direct-beam automotive lighting optical systems are mainly divided into two categories: thick-walled condenser optical systems and reflector bowl systems. Among them, the direct-beam thick-walled condenser optical system has high optical efficiency, but it has the disadvantages of being heavy, requiring high processing precision, and being expensive; the direct-beam reflector bowl system has the advantages of being lightweight, having low processing requirements, and being low in cost, but it has the problem of being less optical efficient.

[0003] Due to the inherent characteristics of the two schemes, the existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of optical efficiency, lightweight, low process requirements, and low cost, thus creating a technical contradiction.

[0004] An optical system is provided, particularly concerning how to improve optical efficiency while achieving lightweight design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides an automotive lighting optical system that aims to improve optical efficiency while achieving lightweight design.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an optical system, including LED particles, a lamp board, and an optical structure assembly, wherein the optical structure assembly is arranged with the LED particles as the focal point, and the optical structure assembly includes: A collimator is provided with a first transparent light-incident surface and a first transparent light-outcident surface, wherein the first transparent light-incident surface is used to collect the direct light from the LED particles; A light-transmitting and refractive structure, connected to the collimator, is provided with a second transparent light-incident surface and a second transparent light-exit surface, for ensuring that the direct light from the LED particle maintains its propagation direction after passing through; and A parabolic reflective structure is connected to the light-transmitting refractive structure. The parabolic reflective structure is provided with a light-reflecting surface, which is made of a reflective material and is used to collect and collimate the light emitted through the light-transmitting refractive structure. Wherein, the first line segment connecting the boundary of the collimator and the focal point forms an angle α with the normal direction of the lamp panel, and the second line segment connecting the boundary of the light-reflecting surface and the focal point forms an angle β with the normal direction of the lamp panel, and α≤60°, β≤90°.

[0007] The first transparent light-emitting surface is a smooth surface, or the first transparent light-emitting surface is densely covered with a first protrusion structure.

[0008] The light-transmitting and refractive structure is a spherical structure or a near-spherical structure.

[0009] The light-reflecting surface is a parabolic surface, and a high-reflectivity functional layer is provided on the light-reflecting surface, wherein the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity functional layer is not less than 80%.

[0010] The high reflectivity functional layer is an aluminum-plated layer or a white paint layer.

[0011] The outer surface of the high reflectivity functional layer is densely covered with a second protrusion structure.

[0012] The second protrusion has a corn kernel pattern or skin texture.

[0013] The first transparent light-emitting surface is a plane perpendicular to the normal of the lamp panel.

[0014] The first transparent light-incident surface is a conical surface coaxial with the normal of the lamp panel.

[0015] The present invention also provides a vehicle lamp, including the aforementioned optical system.

[0016] The automotive lighting optical system of this invention can transmit, collimate, and collect direct light from the main emitting area of ​​LED light source particles, and reflect and collimate direct light at large angles, thereby improving optical efficiency. By integrating the collimator, light-transmitting structure, and parabolic reflection structure into a single optical component, no additional assembly brackets and connecting structures are required, directly reducing the number of parts and overall structural redundancy, thereby reducing the weight of the optical system, achieving lightweight design, and also having low process requirements and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle lighting optical system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the vehicle lighting optical system of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of AA; Figure 4 This is the optical path diagram of the vehicle headlight optical system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lighting optical system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an optical simulation isoluminescence diagram of the vehicle headlight optical system of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of an existing collimating concentrator; Figure 8 This is a top view of BB in section 7; Figure 9 It is an optical simulation of the intensity of an existing collimating concentrator; Figure 10 This is a top view of an existing direct-reflector bowl; Figure 11 This is a top view of CC 10; Figure 12 It is an optical simulation of the intensity of light from an existing direct-reflecting bowl; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing whether other optical components are single-layer or multi-layer inner covers; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of other optical components that are thick-walled optical components; The markings in the above figures are as follows: 1. First area; 2. Second area; 3. Third area; 4. First transparent light-incident surface; 5. First transparent light-exiting surface; 6. Second transparent light-incident surface; 7. Second transparent light-exiting surface; 8. Reflective light-exiting surface; 9. LED particle; 10. Light board. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0019] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the terms "first" and "second" do not represent an absolute distinction in structure and / or function, nor do they represent the order of execution, but are merely for the convenience of description.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly associated with those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] Firstly, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an optical system including LED particles 9, a lamp board 10, and an optical structure assembly. The LED particles 9 are mounted on the lamp board 10. The optical structure assembly is positioned with the LED particles 9 as the focal point and includes: The collimator is provided with a first transparent light-incident surface 4 and a first transparent light-outceasing surface 5. The first transparent light-incident surface 4 is used to collect the direct light from the LED particles 9. A light-transmitting and refractive structure, connected to a collimator, is provided with a second transparent light-incident surface 6 and a second transparent light-exit surface 7, used to ensure that the direct light from the LED particle 9 maintains its propagation direction after passing through; and A parabolic reflective structure is connected to a light-transmitting and refractive structure. The parabolic reflective structure has a light-reflecting surface 8, which is made of a reflective material and is used to collect the light emitted through the light-transmitting and refractive structure and collimate it out. The first line segment connecting the boundary and the focal point of the collimator (i.e., the location of the LED particle 9) forms an angle α with the normal direction of the lamp board 10, and the second line segment connecting the boundary and the focal point of the light-reflecting surface 8 forms an angle β with the normal direction of the lamp board 10, with α≤60° and β≤90°, to ensure reasonable light efficiency of the optical system.

[0023] Specifically, the direct-firing lightweight high-efficiency automotive lighting optical system provided in this embodiment of the invention combines the high efficiency of a direct-firing concentrator system with the advantages of a direct-firing reflector bowl optical system, such as lightweight design, low manufacturing requirements, and low cost. It can achieve transmission collimation and collection of direct light from the main emitting area of ​​LED light source particles, and reflect and collimate direct light from large angles.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the optical structure component of this embodiment is structurally divided into three functional regions along the light emission direction of the LED particle 9: 1. The first region 1 is located directly above the LED particle 9. The optical structure of this region is a collimator with the LED particle 9 as the focal point. Its main function is to collect the direct light emitted by the LED particle 9 and collimate the direct light before it is emitted. 2. The second region 2 is connected to the edge of the collimator. The optical structure of this region is a light-transmitting and refractive structure. The overall shape of the light-transmitting and refractive structure is spherical or near-spherical. Its function is to ensure that when the direct light emitted by the LED particle 9 passes through the structure, it maintains its original propagation direction without deviation. 3. The third region 3 is combined with the side of the light-transmitting and refractive structure away from the collimator. The optical structure of this region is a parabolic reflection structure. The reflection interface of the parabolic reflection structure is parabolic in shape, and the inner interface of the parabolic surface is a reflective functional surface. The reflective functional surface is made by processes such as aluminum plating and high reflectivity coating. Its function is to collect the light emitted through the light-transmitting and refractive structure and collimate the light through the reflection of the parabolic surface before it is emitted.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the collimator is made of a transparent optical material with excellent light transmittance, possessing high light transmittance and the ability to collimate the divergent direct light emitted by the LED particles 9. Its working principle is as follows: the divergent direct light emitted by the LED particles 9 is received through the first transparent light-incident surface 4. Utilizing the refraction effect of the first transparent light-incident surface 4, the light rays, originally diverging in various directions, are adjusted into parallel or nearly parallel beams before exiting from the first transparent light-exit surface 5. This achieves the collimation function of collecting divergent light and then organizing it into directional light, making it a key transmission unit for improving the optical efficiency of the system.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first transparent light-incident surface 4 is a conical surface coaxial with the normal of the lamp board 10. The normal of the lamp board 10 passes through the focal point, which is a geometric reference point equivalent to the actual light-emitting center of the LED particle (usually the geometric center of the LED chip or the location of the peak light intensity). The first transparent light-incident surface 4 has a convex structure that protrudes towards the emission direction of the LED particle 9. The first transparent light-incident surface 4 collects and collimates the direct light from the LED particle 9.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first transparent light-emitting surface 5 is a circular plane perpendicular to the normal of the lamp board 10, and the first transparent light-emitting surface 5 is a smooth surface. The large-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 faces outward toward the first transparent light-emitting surface 5, and the small-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 faces toward the LED particle 9. The small-diameter end and the large-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 are opposite ends in the axial direction of the first transparent light-incident surface 4, and the diameter of the small-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter end.

[0028] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first transparent light-emitting surface 5 (the top light-emitting interface of the collimator) is densely covered with first raised structures, the first raised structures being in the shape of a corn kernel pattern or a leather texture. By setting the first raised structure of the above-mentioned specific shape on the first transparent light-emitting surface 5, the divergence angle of the light refracted by this surface can be significantly increased, thereby optimizing the lighting effect of the optical system and improving the uniformity and coverage of light illumination. A corn kernel pattern refers to a raised structure that is hemispherical, ellipsoidal, or polygonal array resembling corn kernels, with each raised unit of the first raised structure being independently distributed and uniform in size, and the raised unit having a certain height. A leather texture refers to a raised structure that is similar to the fine, irregular micro-texture of leather surface, which is composed of a large number of tiny raised units densely arranged, and the raised units having a certain height.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the light-transmitting and refractive structure is a spherical or near-spherical structure, allowing direct light from the LED particle 9 to pass through the structure without changing the direction of the light path. The second transparent light-incident surface 6 and the second transparent light-exiting surface 7 are the two opposing outer surfaces of the light-transmitting and refractive structure. The outer edge of the first transparent light-exiting surface 5 is connected to one end of the second transparent light-exiting surface 7, and the other end of the second transparent light-exiting surface 7 is connected to one end of the reflective light-exiting surface 8. The large-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 is connected to one end of the second transparent light-incident surface 6, and the other end of the second transparent light-incident surface 6 is opposite to the lamp board 10. The second transparent light-incident surface 6 and the second transparent light-exiting surface 7 are spherical and are coaxially arranged with the first transparent light-exiting surface 5 and the first transparent light-incident surface 4. The boundary of the collimator is jointly defined by the large-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 and the outer peripheral contour edge of the first transparent light-exiting surface 5 (the part connecting the second transparent light-exiting surface 7). The first line segment is defined as the line segment connecting the large-diameter end of the first transparent light-incident surface 4 and the outer edge of the first transparent light-exiting surface 5. The boundary of the light-reflecting surface 8 is the end that connects to the second transparent light-reflecting surface 7. The second line segment is defined as the line segment passing through this end. The first line segment and the second line segment both have the focal point as their common endpoint and intersect at the focal point.

[0030] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the light-transmitting refractive structure is located at the center of the parabolic reflective structure. The light-reflecting surface 8 is a parabolic surface with the LED particle 9 as the focal point, allowing light passing through the second transparent light-reflecting surface 7 to be reflected out on this surface. The light-reflecting surface 8 and the second transparent light-reflecting surface 7 are coaxially arranged. A high-reflectivity functional layer is provided on the second transparent light-reflecting surface 7 and faces the second transparent light-reflecting surface 7. The high-reflectivity functional layer is a functional coating with high optical reflectivity, and its reflectivity is not less than 80%, which can ensure that the light has sufficient light intensity after reflection and avoid excessive loss of light energy.

[0031] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the reflective interface of the parabolic reflective structure is parabolic in shape, and the inner interface of this parabolic surface is the light-emitting surface 8. A high-reflectivity functional layer is fixedly disposed on the light-emitting surface 8. The orientation of this high-reflectivity functional layer is adapted to the light-emitting direction of the second transparent light-emitting surface 7, that is, the high-reflectivity functional layer is arranged facing the second transparent light-emitting surface 7, ensuring efficient reception of light emitted through the second transparent light-emitting surface 7. The high-reflectivity functional layer is an aluminum-plated layer, which can maximize the reflection of light emitted through the light-transmitting refraction structure, further improving the light utilization rate of the optical system. The aluminum-plated layer is formed by a shielded sputtering aluminum plating process, which has good adhesion to the substrate material of the parabolic reflective structure, ensuring structural stability and service life.

[0032] In another embodiment of the present invention, the high reflectivity functional layer can be a white paint layer, which is formed by a high reflectivity white paint coating process, which is simple and easy to implement.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the high-reflectivity functional layer is densely covered with second protruding structures. The second protruding structures are in the shape of a corn kernel pattern or a leather texture. By setting the above-mentioned specific shaped second protruding structures in the high-reflectivity functional layer, the divergence angle of the light reflected from this surface can be significantly increased, thereby optimizing the lighting effect of the optical system and improving the uniformity and coverage of light illumination. A corn kernel pattern refers to a hemispherical, ellipsoidal, or polygonal array of protruding structures resembling corn kernels, with each protruding unit of the second protruding structure being independently distributed and uniform in size, and each protruding unit having a certain height. A leather texture refers to a protruding structure resembling a fine, irregular micro-texture similar to the surface of leather, which is composed of a large number of densely arranged tiny protruding units, each with a certain height.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the boundary of the collimator and the focal point of the LED particle 9 and the normal direction of the lamp board 10 is no greater than 60°, and the angle β between the boundary of the reflective surface 8 and the focal point of the LED particle 9 and the normal direction of the lamp board 10 is no greater than 90°. The specific angles can be adapted according to the lighting and luminous efficacy. The light-emitting characteristics of the LED particle 9 determine that the emitted light within its 120° cone angle (with the normal of the lamp board 10 as the central axis, 60° on each side) accounts for 90% of the total luminous flux. This area is the main light-emitting area of ​​the LED particle 9, where the light intensity is concentrated and the propagation direction is relatively concentrated, making it the main source of the optical system's luminous efficacy. The angle α is the angle between the first line segment and the normal of the lamp board 10. Angle α not greater than 60° means that the side profile of the collimator is limited within the 120° light-emitting cone angle range of the LED particle 9. This design allows the first transparent light-receiving surface 4 of the collimator to be accurately aligned with this core light-emitting area, maximizing the reception of 90% of the high-intensity direct light and avoiding the main light beam being missed due to the collimator boundary exceeding the cone angle range. LED particle 9 is a planar light source with a maximum light diffusion angle of 180°. Besides the 90% of the light within the 120° core cone angle, the remaining 10% is distributed in a large-angle region of 60°-80° (with the normal of the lamp board 10 as the central axis, 60°-90° on both sides). This region is the edge light-emitting area of ​​LED particle 9; the light propagation angle is large and the intensity is weak, but it still needs to be collected to improve overall luminous efficiency. The included angle β is the angle between the second line segment and the normal of the lamp board 10. An included angle β not greater than 90° means that the coverage of the parabolic reflective structure extends to the boundary of the LED's maximum diffusion angle. This design allows the reflective surface 8 of the parabolic reflective structure to fully receive the 60°-90° large-angle edge light introduced by the light-transmitting refraction structure, preventing edge light escape due to insufficient coverage of the reflective structure, and ensuring that all light within the 180° full-angle light emission range of the LED can be captured by the optical system.

[0035] The optical system of this invention has an optical efficiency between that of a traditional collimator and a direct reflector bowl. It combines the high efficiency of a direct condenser system with the advantages of a direct reflector bowl optical system, such as lightweight design, low process requirements, and low cost.

[0036] Figure 6 The diagram shown is an optical simulation of the light intensity of the vehicle headlight optical system of the present invention. The optical system achieves excellent optical performance: output luminous flux [H±20°; V±10°]=0.684 lm, and luminous efficacy reaches 68.4%, which fully verifies the rationality of the angle setting and structural design, and ensures that the optical system can meet the practical light intensity and efficiency requirements of vehicle headlights.

[0037] Figure 9 This is an optical simulation of the intensity of an existing collimator. The output luminous flux of the existing collimator [H±20°; V±10°] = 0.843 lm, and the luminous efficacy is 84.3%.

[0038] Figure 12 This is an optical simulation of the luminous intensity diagram of an existing direct-reflecting bowl. The output luminous flux of the existing direct-reflecting bowl [H±20°; V±10°] = 0.429 lm, and the luminous efficacy is 42.9%.

[0039] It should be noted that multiple optical structural components can be set, such as... Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, each optical structural component is associated with an LED particle. Multiple identical optical structural components are arranged and combined in space to form a multi-source optical system. Furthermore, the optical system may also include other optical components, which are arranged opposite to the optical structural components. These other optical components may be single-layer or multi-layer inner masks, or they may be thick-walled optical components.

[0040] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an automotive lamp, including an optical system with the above-described structure. This optical system can be referred to... Figures 1 to 5 Further details will not be elaborated here. Since the automotive lamp of the present invention includes the optical system described in the above embodiments, it possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned optical system.

[0041] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical system, characterized in that, Its features are, It includes LED particles, a light board, and an optical structure assembly, wherein the optical structure assembly is positioned with the LED particles as the focal point, and the optical structure assembly includes: A collimator is provided with a first transparent light-incident surface and a first transparent light-outcident surface, wherein the first transparent light-incident surface is used to collect the direct light from the LED particles; A light-transmitting and refractive structure, connected to the collimator, is provided with a second transparent light-incident surface and a second transparent light-exit surface, for ensuring that the direct light from the LED particle maintains its propagation direction after passing through; and A parabolic reflective structure is connected to the light-transmitting refractive structure. The parabolic reflective structure is provided with a light-reflecting surface, which is made of a reflective material and is used to collect and collimate the light emitted through the light-transmitting refractive structure. Wherein, the first line segment connecting the boundary of the collimator and the focal point forms an angle α with the normal direction of the lamp panel, and the second line segment connecting the boundary of the light-reflecting surface and the focal point forms an angle β with the normal direction of the lamp panel, and α≤60°, β≤90°.

2. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transparent light-emitting surface is a smooth surface, or the first transparent light-emitting surface is densely covered with a first protrusion structure.

3. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting and refractive structure is a spherical structure or a near-spherical structure.

4. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The light-reflecting surface is a parabolic surface, and a high-reflectivity functional layer is provided on the light-reflecting surface, wherein the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity functional layer is not less than 80%.

5. The optical system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high reflectivity functional layer is an aluminum-plated layer or a white paint layer.

6. The optical system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the high reflectivity functional layer is densely covered with a second protrusion structure.

7. The optical system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second protrusion has a corn kernel pattern or skin texture.

8. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first transparent light-emitting surface is a plane perpendicular to the normal of the lamp panel.

9. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first transparent light-incident surface is a conical surface coaxial with the normal of the lamp panel.

10. A vehicle headlight, characterized in that, Includes the optical system described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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