Self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of environmental parameter detection technology, specifically to a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning. It solves the problems of high power supply dependence, large computational load for automatic recognition in pointer-type instruments, poor anti-interference capability, and difficulty in coordinating low-power recognition and self-driven power supply in existing temperature and humidity detection devices. The system includes a temperature detection component and a humidity detection component with pointers, a control component, an LED display component, an image acquisition component, a recognition processing component, a triboelectric nanogenerator component, and an energy management component. The LED display component includes a fixed reference LED group, and temperature LED groups and humidity LED groups that move synchronously with the pointer. This invention balances the needs of manual reading and automated recognition, significantly reduces the computational load and operating power consumption, improves recognition stability in complex environments, completely eliminates dependence on external power sources, and can be widely adapted to temperature and humidity detection needs in various scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental parameter detection technology, specifically to a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning. Background Technology

[0002] Temperature and humidity are core environmental parameters in many fields, including industrial production, agricultural planting, warehousing and logistics, laboratory management, equipment status monitoring, and human settlement environment control. Temperature and humidity detection devices are essential core equipment for achieving environmental control, quality assurance, and safety protection in these scenarios. With the popularization of intelligent and unmanned management models, the industry has simultaneously raised three core requirements for temperature and humidity detection devices: ease of manual reading, stability of automated identification, and maintenance-free long-term operation. However, existing technical solutions cannot simultaneously meet these requirements, exhibiting inherent technical defects that are difficult to balance. Specifically, these can be divided into two main technical routes and the shortcomings of existing improvement solutions: Most mainstream electronic temperature and humidity detection devices are based on electronic sensing elements such as thermistors and humidity capacitors, combined with AD conversion units, signal processing units, and digital display units to detect and read temperature and humidity. While they offer advantages such as high detection accuracy and easy digital output, they suffer from the following technical drawbacks: These devices must rely on external mains power or internal batteries. In mains-powered scenarios, wiring is required, making deployment impossible in areas without power grid coverage, such as remote warehouses, underground utility tunnels, or inside mobile equipment. In battery-powered scenarios, regular battery replacement is necessary. In large-scale, dispersed deployments, high-risk enclosed spaces, and unattended areas, maintenance costs are extremely high, and effective maintenance may be impossible, with the device prone to failure due to battery depletion. Electronic sensing elements are susceptible to strong electromagnetic interference, corrosive gases, and extreme high and low temperature environments. In harsh environments such as industrial plants, outdoor fields, and chemical storage facilities, components are prone to aging and failure, resulting in short lifespans and high failure rates. Once the power supply is interrupted, the entire device will fail completely, making it impossible to take emergency readings manually. In critical scenarios such as grain storage, precision laboratories, and pharmaceutical cold storage, gaps in temperature and humidity data are likely to occur, leading to safety hazards and economic losses.

[0003] Traditional pointer-type temperature and humidity meters are based on purely mechanical principles such as the thermal expansion and contraction of bimetallic strips and the moisture absorption and expansion of hair / moisture-sensitive fibers. They drive the pointer to rotate synchronously with changes in temperature and humidity, and work with the dial scale to indicate temperature and humidity. They have the core advantages of simple structure, no need for external power supply, intuitive manual reading, and long service life, and are currently the mainstream solution for power-free scenarios. However, in intelligent and unmanned application scenarios, there are unsolvable technical pain points: In remote reading, unattended operation, and intelligent management scenarios, automatic reading is required through machine vision. However, traditional solutions must perform full-area recognition and matching of the entire dial outline, scale lines, digital markings, and pointer shape. The algorithm complexity is extremely high and the amount of computation is extremely large. It is necessary to run with a high-performance processor, resulting in high power consumption of the device, which is completely unsuitable for the low-power power-free operation requirements.

[0004] Currently, some solutions in the industry have attempted to optimize and improve the above two types of technologies. For example, they have added identification color blocks, QR codes, or other markings to pointer-type instruments, or equipped the detection device with solar or piezoelectric energy harvesting modules. However, none of these solutions have fundamentally solved the core problem and have obvious technical defects. The recognition optimization scheme still does not deviate from the core logic of overall dial recognition. It can only slightly reduce the recognition difficulty and cannot fundamentally reduce the amount of computation or improve the anti-interference ability. The problems of high power consumption and poor stability still exist. The supporting energy harvesting solutions have obvious limitations in terms of scenarios. Solar power supply is limited by lighting conditions and cannot work stably indoors, in closed warehouses, or at night. Piezoelectric energy harvesting has extremely low efficiency and cannot meet the power consumption requirements of image recognition and processor operation. There is a severe lack of low-power identification-self-powered co-optimization technology solutions in the industry for pointer-type temperature and humidity detection scenarios. These solutions cannot simultaneously address the three core requirements of convenient manual reading, stable automatic identification, and maintenance-free operation without external power supply, resulting in a significant technological gap.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention proposes a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning, which specifically solves all the inherent defects of the existing technology and fills the technological gap in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning. By establishing a geometric positioning relationship between a fixed reference LED group and an LED group that moves with the pointer, the traditional overall dial recognition is simplified to geometric positioning recognition of luminous feature points, significantly reducing the amount of computation and power consumption, and improving recognition stability in complex environments. At the same time, by combining a triboelectric nanogenerator component and an energy management component, a self-driven power supply system is constructed, enabling the system to operate stably without an external power source, while taking into account the convenience of manual reading, automated recognition capabilities, and low-power deployment flexibility.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning, comprising a temperature detection component, a humidity detection component, a control component, an LED display component, an image acquisition component, a recognition and processing component, a triboelectric nanogenerator component, and an energy management component. The temperature detection component is equipped with a temperature pointer, the humidity detection component is equipped with a humidity pointer, the LED display component includes a fixed reference LED group, a temperature LED group disposed on the temperature pointer, and a humidity LED group disposed on the humidity pointer, the image acquisition component is used to acquire images of the areas where the fixed reference LED group, the temperature LED group, and the humidity LED group are located, and the recognition and processing component is used to identify the fixed reference LED group, the temperature LED group, and the humidity LED group. The positional features of the reference LED group, temperature LED group, and humidity LED group in the image, as described in this document, include one or more of the following: LED bright spot center, centroid, geometric center, boundary center, boundary position, or preset feature point position. Temperature and humidity information are output based on the relative positional relationship between the fixed reference LED group, temperature LED group, and humidity LED group. A triboelectric nanogenerator assembly is used to convert external mechanical energy into electrical energy. An energy management component is electrically connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator assembly and is used to rectify, store, and distribute the electrical energy, supplying power to at least one of the LED display component, image acquisition component, control component, and recognition processing component to support the system's self-driving operation.

[0008] Furthermore, the control component is used to control the light emission mode of the LED display component, the acquisition timing of the image acquisition component, and the processing flow of the recognition processing component. Preferably, the control component can receive power supply status information from the energy management component and control the LED display component, image acquisition component, and recognition processing component to operate in a preset order or sequence according to the energy storage status.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed reference LED group includes at least two reference LEDs spaced apart, which together form a reference line segment in the image.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature LED group moves synchronously with the temperature pointer, and the humidity LED group moves synchronously with the humidity pointer; the temperature LED group and the humidity LED group respectively form a corresponding positional relationship with the reference line segment to represent temperature information and humidity information.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature LED group, the humidity LED group, and the fixed reference LED group form a geometric configuration in the image.

[0012] Furthermore, the geometric configuration includes a triangular configuration.

[0013] Furthermore, the identification processing component is used to extract the positional features of the fixed reference LED group, temperature LED group, and humidity LED group, and to identify temperature and humidity information based on the positional features.

[0014] Furthermore, the positional features include the center point position, boundary position, or preset feature point position of each LED group.

[0015] Furthermore, the identification processing component is also used to locate the area where the temperature pointer and the area where the humidity pointer are located based on the positions of the fixed reference LED group, the temperature LED group and the humidity LED group, and to perform auxiliary identification in conjunction with the scale area.

[0016] Furthermore, the temperature LED group on the temperature pointer and the humidity LED group on the humidity pointer can be electrically connected to the control component or energy management component through a conductive shaft, slip ring structure, elastic conductive element, flexible wire or non-contact inductive coupling method to adapt to the power supply requirements when the pointer rotates.

[0017] Furthermore, the triboelectric nanogenerator assembly is one or more of the following: droplet-driven triboelectric nanogenerator, contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerator, sliding triboelectric nanogenerator, single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, or vibratory triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0018] Furthermore, the energy management component includes a rectifier unit, an energy storage unit, and a power supply control unit.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the fixed reference LED group, temperature LED group, and humidity LED group includes multiple LEDs to form a redundant light-emitting structure within the group. When one or more LEDs in any LED group fail, the identification and processing component can still determine the position characteristics of the LED group based on the remaining normally functioning LEDs in the group, so that the overall working status of the system is not affected or is basically unaffected.

[0020] Optionally, the LED display component adopts continuous light emission, intermittent light emission, or triggered light emission mode, and its light emission frequency, light emission duration, duty cycle, or light emission sequence is adjusted by the power supply control unit according to the output state of the triboelectric nanogenerator component or the energy storage state of the energy storage unit, so as to reduce system power consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency while ensuring image recognition requirements.

[0021] Optionally, the image acquisition component may be an industrial camera, a CMOS camera module, a CCD camera module, a mobile terminal camera, or an embedded image acquisition unit.

[0022] Optionally, the recognition processing component is implemented using an embedded processor, a microcontroller, a DSP, an FPGA, an edge computing module, or an external processing terminal that communicates with the image acquisition component.

[0023] Since this invention simplifies the identification of objects from the traditional whole dial, scale and pointer identification to the localization identification of a small number of light-emitting feature points, it can reduce the image processing computing power and power consumption requirements, thus making it more suitable for combination with the self-driven power supply mode composed of triboelectric nanogenerator components and energy management components.

[0024] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning, which has the following advantages: This self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning establishes a geometric positioning relationship between a fixed reference LED group and an LED group that moves with the pointer. This simplifies the overall recognition of the traditional dial scale and pointer to the positioning recognition of luminous feature points, effectively improving image recognition efficiency and reducing image processing computation and system power consumption.

[0025] Fixed reference LED arrays can form a stable reference benchmark, effectively reducing the impact of shooting angle deviation, low light and reflection on recognition results, and improving recognition stability in complex environments.

[0026] This invention can directly identify temperature and humidity information based on the relative positional relationship of each LED group, and can also be combined with the scale area for auxiliary identification. At the same time, it completely retains the original structure of the pointer-type temperature and humidity meter, taking into account both the needs of automatic identification and manual reading.

[0027] This invention constructs a self-powered energy supply system by combining a triboelectric nanogenerator component and an energy management component. It can convert external mechanical energy into electrical energy to power the system, effectively reducing the system's dependence on external power sources and conventional batteries, and improving the system's applicability in distributed deployment scenarios.

[0028] This invention can detect temperature and humidity based on the spatial position, fixed or moving attributes, and relative geometric relationships of each LED group, without relying on different emission colors or emission sequences for differentiation. This simplifies the system drive and control structure. At the same time, identifying only the LED emission area can reduce interference from irrelevant background information and improve the recognition accuracy in complex backgrounds.

[0029] Each LED group of the present invention can be configured with multiple light-emitting units to form a redundant structure. Even when some light-emitting units fail, the position characteristics of the corresponding LED group can still be determined, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system and improving the reliability and service life of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fixed reference LED group 41, the temperature LED group 42, and the humidity LED group 43; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the reference line segment 10 formed by the fixed reference LED group 41 and the geometric configuration 9 formed by each LED group; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the recognition process for the recognition processing component 6; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the triboelectric nanogenerator assembly 7 and the energy management assembly 8.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Temperature detection component; 2. Humidity detection component; 3. Control component; 4. LED display component; 5. Image acquisition component; 6. Recognition and processing component; 7. Triboelectric nanogenerator component; 8. Energy management component; 9. Geometric configuration; 10. Reference line segment; 11. Temperature pointer; 21. Humidity pointer; 41. Fixed reference LED group; 42. Temperature LED group; 43. Humidity LED group. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Experimental methods in this invention that do not specify specific conditions are performed in accordance with conventional conditions in the field; unless otherwise specified, component selection is based on the specifications recommended by the manufacturer.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning, including a temperature detection component 1, a humidity detection component 2, a control component 3, an LED display component 4, an image acquisition component 5, a recognition and processing component 6, a triboelectric nanogenerator component 7, and an energy management component 8.

[0035] Temperature detection component 1 and humidity detection component 2: Temperature detection component 1 is equipped with a temperature pointer 11, which senses the ambient temperature and causes the temperature pointer 11 to generate an angular displacement corresponding to the temperature change; humidity detection component 2 is equipped with a humidity pointer 21, which senses the ambient humidity and causes the humidity pointer 21 to generate an angular displacement corresponding to the humidity change. In this embodiment, temperature detection component 1 adopts a bimetallic strip mechanical response structure, and humidity detection component 2 adopts a hair-like mechanical response structure; in other optional embodiments, temperature detection component 1 may also adopt conventional mechanical temperature response structures in the art, such as thermal expansion type or pressure type, and humidity detection component 2 may also adopt conventional mechanical humidity response structures in the art, such as fiber type or humidity-sensitive membrane type, as long as it can output pointer displacement corresponding to temperature and humidity changes, the present invention does not make any special limitations on this.

[0036] The LED display assembly 4 includes a fixed reference LED group 41, a temperature LED group 42, and a humidity LED group 43. The fixed reference LED group 41 is fixedly mounted on the edge of the dial, housing, or other fixed structure of the temperature and humidity meter. In this embodiment, the fixed reference LED group 41 includes two reference LEDs spaced apart from each other. The two reference LEDs form a reference line segment 10 in the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly 5, serving as a fixed geometric reference. In other optional embodiments, the fixed reference LED group 41 may include three or more reference LEDs to form a planar reference coordinate system, further improving positioning accuracy.

[0037] Temperature LED group 42 is fixedly installed at the front end of temperature pointer 11 and rotates synchronously with temperature pointer 11. Its position directly indicates the direction of temperature pointer 11. Humidity LED group 43 is fixedly installed at the front end of humidity pointer 21 and rotates synchronously with humidity pointer 21. Its position directly indicates the direction of humidity pointer 21. In this embodiment, the fixed reference LED group 41, temperature LED group 42, and humidity LED group 43 are all composed of multiple surface-mount LED light-emitting units, forming a redundant structure within the group. When some LED light-emitting units in a certain LED group fail, the identification and processing component 6 can still extract the bright spot center, centroid, geometric center, boundary center, or preset feature points as the position features of the LED group through the remaining normally emitting LED units in the group, ensuring the normal operation of the system. The power supply connection of the temperature LED group 42 and the humidity LED group 43 is achieved by using a slip ring structure. The stator end of the slip ring is electrically connected to the output end of the energy management component 8, and the rotor end of the slip ring is electrically connected to the temperature LED group 42 and the humidity LED group 43 to meet the power supply requirements during pointer rotation. In other optional embodiments, a conductive shaft, an elastic conductive brush, a flexible wire, or a non-contact inductive coupling can also be used to achieve power supply during rotation. This invention does not impose any special limitations on this.

[0038] The image acquisition component 5 is fixedly positioned to completely cover the area containing the fixed reference LED group 41, the temperature LED group 42, and the humidity LED group 43, and is used to acquire images of the aforementioned area. In this embodiment, the image acquisition component 5 employs a low-power CMOS camera module and uses a triggered acquisition method, activating image acquisition only when the LED display component 4 emits light, thereby reducing power consumption. In other optional embodiments, the image acquisition component 5 may also employ an industrial camera, a CCD camera module, a mobile terminal camera, an embedded image acquisition unit, etc., and the acquisition method may include continuous acquisition, interval acquisition, etc., which are not specifically limited by this invention.

[0039] The identification processing component 6 is communicatively connected to the image acquisition component 5. It is used to receive acquired images, identify the positional characteristics of each LED group, and output temperature and humidity information based on the relative positional relationship. In this embodiment, the identification processing component 6 is implemented using a low-power embedded MCU and integrated with the control component 3. In other optional embodiments, it can also be implemented using a microcontroller, DSP, FPGA, edge computing module, or an external processing terminal (such as a computer or cloud server) that is communicatively connected to the image acquisition component 5.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the identification process of the identification processing component 6 in this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: Preprocess the acquired image, including brightness normalization, threshold segmentation, noise filtering, connected component analysis, and extract the luminous regions in the image; Step 2: Identify the LED group to which each light-emitting area belongs, and extract the positional features of each LED group. In this embodiment, the centroid of the bright spot of each LED group is used as the positional feature. Step 3: Based on the positional characteristics of the two reference LEDs in the fixed reference LED group 41, determine the position and orientation of the reference line segment 10; Step 4: Calculate the angle parameters of temperature LED group 42 and humidity LED group 43 relative to reference line segment 10 respectively; Step 5: Based on the pre-established calibration relationship, convert the included angle parameters into corresponding temperature and humidity values ​​and output them.

[0041] In this embodiment, the calibration relationship is established through calibration experiments before leaving the factory: under multiple known standard temperature and humidity values, the angles between the temperature LED group 42 and the humidity LED group 43 and the reference line segment 10 are recorded, and a correspondence table and fitting function between the angles and the temperature and humidity values ​​are established and stored in the storage unit of the recognition processing component 6. In other optional embodiments, the recognition processing component 6 can also perform temperature and humidity recognition based on geometric parameters such as projection length, distance ratio, triangle area, and coordinate position; at the same time, the recognition processing component 6 can also locate the area where the temperature pointer 11 and the humidity pointer 21 are located according to the position of each LED group, and perform auxiliary recognition and verification in combination with the dial scale area, forming a composite recognition mode of geometric positioning coarse recognition and scale-assisted fine recognition, further improving the recognition accuracy.

[0042] The control component 3 is electrically connected to the LED display component 4, image acquisition component 5, recognition processing component 6, and energy management component 8, respectively, to coordinate the working status of each component. In this embodiment, the control component 3 receives energy storage status information sent by the energy management component 8. When the energy storage unit's charge reaches a preset working threshold, the control component 3 controls the LED display component 4 to trigger illumination according to a preset timing sequence, synchronously controls the image acquisition component 5 to start image acquisition, and controls the recognition processing component 6 to start recognition processing after acquisition is completed, thereby realizing the time-sharing and orderly operation of each component and minimizing system power consumption.

[0043] like Figure 5As shown, the triboelectric nanogenerator assembly 7 is used to collect mechanical energy from the external environment and convert it into electrical energy. In this embodiment, a contact-separated vibration triboelectric nanogenerator is used, which can collect mechanical energy from equipment vibration, airflow disturbance, manual pressing, etc. In other optional embodiments, droplet-driven, sliding, single-electrode, or other types of triboelectric nanogenerators, or combinations of multiple types, can also be used. This invention does not impose any special limitations on this. The energy management assembly 8 includes a rectifier unit, an energy storage unit, and a power supply control unit. The rectifier unit uses a full-bridge rectifier circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the triboelectric nanogenerator assembly 7 to convert the AC pulse power output by the triboelectric nanogenerator into DC power. The energy storage unit uses a supercapacitor and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier unit to store the rectified power. The power supply control unit uses a low-power power management chip and is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, control assembly 3, LED display assembly 4, image acquisition assembly 5, and recognition processing assembly 6, respectively. It is used to control the distribution and output of power according to the power status of the energy storage unit, and at the same time adjust the light emission frequency, light emission duration, and duty cycle of the LED display assembly 4 to reduce the average power consumption of the system and improve energy utilization efficiency while ensuring recognition requirements.

[0044] The system operation process of this embodiment is as follows: The triboelectric nanogenerator component 7 continuously collects mechanical energy from the environment, converts it into electrical energy and outputs it to the energy management component 8. After rectification by the rectifier unit, the electrical energy is stored in the energy storage unit. When the power of the energy storage unit reaches the preset working threshold, the power supply control unit sends a start signal to the control component 3. The control component 3 starts each component to work according to the preset timing. The control component 3 controls the fixed reference LED group 41, temperature LED group 42 and humidity LED group 43 of the LED display component 4 to emit light synchronously. It also controls the image acquisition component 5 to acquire images of the corresponding area and transmits the acquired images to the recognition processing component 6. The recognition processing component 6 preprocesses the images, extracts the position features of each LED group, calculates the geometric parameters of the relative position relationship, converts them into temperature information and humidity information based on the pre-stored calibration relationship and outputs them. After the recognition is completed, the control component 3 controls each power-consuming component to enter a sleep state until the power of the energy storage unit reaches the working threshold again, and starts the next detection cycle.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fixed reference LED group 41 includes at least two reference LEDs spaced apart from each other. These at least two reference LEDs form a reference line segment 10 or a reference coordinate reference in the image. By using at least two spaced reference LEDs, a fixed reference line segment 10 or reference coordinate reference is formed in the acquired image. This reference is a spatially fixed geometric reference system, unaffected by changes in temperature and humidity, pointer movement, or the shooting environment. It provides a unified and quantifiable positioning reference for the temperature LED group 42 and humidity LED group 43, which move with the pointer, converting the angular displacement of the pointer into a quantifiable parameter change relative to the fixed reference. A unified positioning reference coordinate system is established, completely eliminating recognition errors caused by shooting angle deviations, image distortion, and changes in shooting distance, significantly improving recognition stability and detection accuracy in complex environments. It simplifies subsequent geometric calculations and calibration processes, requiring only the pre-establishment of the correspondence between the reference reference and temperature and humidity values, eliminating the need to calibrate the entire dial's scale and contour individually, thus reducing the workload of factory calibration.

[0046] In this embodiment, the recognition processing component 6 outputs the temperature and humidity information based on at least one of the following geometric parameters: the angle, projected length, and distance ratio of the temperature LED group 42 or the humidity LED group 43 relative to the reference line segment 10; the area and coordinate position parameters of the triangle formed by the at least two reference LEDs and the temperature LED group 42 or the humidity LED group 43. Changes in temperature and humidity are linearly correlated with the angular displacement of the pointer, and the angular displacement of the pointer directly drives the movement of the LED group, causing synchronous linear changes in the geometric parameters such as the angle, projected length, distance ratio, triangle area, and coordinate position of the temperature LED group 42 and the humidity LED group 43 relative to the reference line segment 10. Through a pre-established calibration relationship, the above geometric parameters can be directly converted into corresponding temperature and humidity values ​​without needing to recognize the dial scale and pointer outline. The geometric parameter calculation logic is extremely simple. Compared with traditional image segmentation, contour recognition, and scale matching algorithms, the computational load is reduced, significantly reducing the processor's power consumption and further improving the system's adaptability to the self-powered system.

[0047] In this embodiment, the temperature LED group 42 and the humidity LED group 43 are electrically connected to the energy management component 8 or the control component 3 via conductive shafts, slip ring structures, elastic conductive elements, flexible wires, or non-contact inductive coupling to meet the power supply requirements of the temperature pointer 11 and the humidity pointer 21 during rotation. By using these types of electrical connection methods adapted to rotating pairs—conductive shafts, slip ring structures, elastic conductive elements, flexible wires, and non-contact inductive coupling—the power supply connection problem between the fixed-end energy management component 8 / control component 3 and the LED group that moves in a circular motion with the pointer is solved. This achieves continuous and stable power supply during rotation without limiting the pointer's rotation stroke or affecting its flexibility. It does not affect the pointer rotation accuracy and flexibility of the original mechanical temperature and humidity detection component 2, nor does it change the user habit of manual reading, thus balancing the dual needs of manual reading and automated detection.

[0048] In this embodiment, the energy management component 8 includes a rectifier unit, an energy storage unit, and a power supply control unit. The power supply control unit controls the LED display component 4 to operate in continuous, intermittent, or triggered light-emitting modes when the energy storage unit reaches a preset energy storage condition. It also controls the image acquisition component 5 and the recognition processing component 6 to perform image acquisition and recognition processing according to a preset time sequence. The rectifier unit converts the irregular and unstable AC pulse power output from the triboelectric nanogenerator into storable DC power. The energy storage unit performs energy buffering and storage. The power supply control unit monitors the energy storage status in real time and only controls the LED to emit light, and performs image acquisition and recognition processing according to a preset time sequence when the energy storage reaches the preset condition, achieving on-demand power supply and time-sharing operation. This achieves efficient recovery and utilization of the electrical energy output from the triboelectric nanogenerator, converting scattered and unstable mechanical energy in the environment into stable electrical energy usable by the system, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency and ensuring the continuous operation of the self-driven system.

[0049] In this embodiment, at least one of the fixed reference LED group 41, the temperature LED group 42, and the humidity LED group 43 includes multiple LED light-emitting units. The identification processing component 6 uses the bright spot center, centroid, geometric center, boundary center, or preset feature point of the corresponding LED group as positional features to determine the position of the corresponding LED group even when some LED light-emitting units fail. The fixed reference LED group 41 structure is defined as a redundant light-emitting structure composed of multiple LED light-emitting units forming a single LED group. Even if some LED light-emitting units in the group fail, the remaining normally functioning LEDs can still form a complete light-emitting area. The identification processing component 6 can accurately determine the overall position of the LED group by extracting the bright spot center, centroid, geometric center, boundary center, or preset feature point of the light-emitting area, preventing positioning failure due to the failure of individual LEDs. A hardware-level redundancy fault-tolerant mechanism is constructed, which greatly improves the operational reliability and service life of the system, avoids the problem of the entire detection system failing due to the damage of a single LED light-emitting unit, and reduces the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs. The larger light-emitting area formed by multiple LED light-emitting units makes it easier for the image acquisition component 5 to capture. Even in low-light and long-distance shooting scenarios, it can still stably extract positional features, further improving the stability and environmental adaptability of recognition.

Claims

1. A self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning, comprising a temperature detection component (1) and a humidity detection component (2), wherein the temperature detection component (1) is provided with a temperature pointer (11) and the humidity detection component (2) is provided with a humidity pointer (21). characterized in that It also includes a control component (3), an LED display component (4), an image acquisition component (5), an identification and processing component (6), a triboelectric nanogenerator component (7), and an energy management component (8); The LED display assembly (4) includes a fixed reference LED group (41), a temperature LED group (42) disposed on the temperature pointer (11), and a humidity LED group (43) disposed on the humidity pointer (21). The image acquisition component (5) is used to acquire images of the area where the fixed reference LED group (41), the temperature LED group (42), and the humidity LED group (43) are located; The recognition processing component (6) is used to identify the positional features of the fixed reference LED group (41), the temperature LED group (42) and the humidity LED group (43) in the image, and output temperature information and humidity information based on the relative positional relationship between the fixed reference LED group (41), the temperature LED group (42) and the humidity LED group (43); The control component (3) is used to coordinate the working states of the LED display component (4), the image acquisition component (5), and the recognition processing component (6); The triboelectric nanogenerator assembly (7) is used to convert external mechanical energy into electrical energy; The energy management component (8) is electrically connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator component (7) for rectifying, storing and distributing the electrical energy, and supplying power to at least one of the LED display component (4), the image acquisition component (5), the control component (3) and the recognition processing component (6) to support the self-driving operation of the system.

2. The self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed reference LED group (41) includes at least two reference LEDs spaced apart from each other, which form a reference line segment (10) or a reference coordinate reference in the image.

3. The self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The identification processing component (6) outputs the temperature information and the humidity information based on at least one of the following geometric parameters: the angle between the temperature LED group (42) or the humidity LED group (43) and the reference line segment (10), the projected length, the distance ratio, the area of ​​the triangle formed by the at least two reference LEDs and the temperature LED group (42) or the humidity LED group (43), and the coordinate position parameters.

4. The self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature LED group (42) and the humidity LED group (43) are electrically connected to the energy management component (8) or the control component (3) through a conductive shaft, slip ring structure, elastic conductive element, flexible wire or non-contact inductive coupling method to meet the power supply requirements of the temperature pointer (11) and the humidity pointer (21) in the rotating state.

5. The self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management component (8) includes a rectifier unit, an energy storage unit, and a power supply control unit. The power supply control unit is used to control the LED display component (4) to work in a continuous light-emitting, intermittent light-emitting, or triggered light-emitting mode when the energy storage unit reaches the preset energy storage conditions, and to control the image acquisition component (5) and the recognition processing component (6) to perform image acquisition and recognition processing according to a preset time sequence.

6. The self-driven temperature and humidity detection system based on LED geometric positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the fixed reference LED group (41), the temperature LED group (42), and the humidity LED group (43) includes multiple LED light-emitting units. The identification processing component (6) uses the bright spot center, centroid, geometric center, boundary center, or preset feature point of the corresponding LED group as position features to determine the position of the corresponding LED group even when some LED light-emitting units fail.

Images