Oil propping agent preheating device with scattering structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of petroleum proppant production equipment technology, specifically disclosing a petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure, including a spreading box and a preheating pipe. The spreading box is installed on one side of the preheating pipe and is connected to it. The spreading box has a material distribution structure and a material guiding structure inside. The material distribution structure includes an inclined outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is divided into multiple screening chambers by an annular partition. Each screening chamber is equipped with a grading screen plate with a different aperture at the bottom. The inner cylinder is equipped with a material agitator to move the material blanks. The material guiding structure is equipped with multiple sets of material guiding components. The material guiding components are equipped with stepped material guiding plates. A spreading wheel is set at the discharge end of the material guiding components. Two gas equalization plates with different apertures are fixed inside the preheating pipe. This invention separates material blanks of different particle sizes through the grading screen plates, sets different lengths of preheating paths through the material guiding components, and spreads the material blanks in layers through the spreading wheel. The gas equalization plates regulate the hot flue gas, so that all kinds of material blanks are heated evenly, reducing the bursting and pulverization of the material blanks during calcination and maintaining the roundness of the particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum proppant production equipment technology, and specifically to a petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure. Background Technology

[0002] Common types of petroleum proppant include ceramsite-type proppants and aluminate-type proppants prepared from bauxite. The production process for both types involves: raw material crushing – batching – granulation – preheating in a preheating pipe (the hot flue gas in the preheating pipe comes from a rotary kiln) – cyclone separator separation – sintering and calcination of the preheated propellant in a rotary kiln to obtain the petroleum proppant. Preheating the propellant after granulation and before calcination in the rotary kiln primarily utilizes the waste heat from the flue gas discharged from the rotary kiln to preheat the propellant to a certain temperature and remove some moisture. This process recovers waste heat from the flue gas, reducing overall production energy consumption. Furthermore, the preheated propellant has a certain surface hardness and reduced internal moisture before entering the rotary kiln, making it less prone to cracking or pulverizing during high-temperature calcination. This helps maintain the sphericity and integrity of the particles, thereby improving the fracture resistance and flowability of the finished proppant.

[0003] The existing preheating method involves installing a spreading box on one side of the upper part of the preheating pipe. The top of the spreading box has a feed pipe, and the bottom is fitted with a spreading plate extending into the preheating pipe. After the wet material pellet falls from the feed pipe into the spreading box, it impacts the spreading plate. The impact force and the guiding effect of the plate surface propel the pellet outwards, causing it to fall into the preheating pipe in a dispersed state and come into contact with the rising hot flue gas for heat exchange. This method is simple in structure and relatively convenient to operate and maintain, and it has been used to some extent in the early stages of proppant preheating.

[0004] The above-mentioned feeding method has some shortcomings. Specifically, the wet material blanks have varying particle sizes. Small-diameter blanks and large-diameter blanks have different rates of internal moisture evaporation and heating at the same temperature and residence time. A single feeding plate throws all blanks into the preheating pipe along roughly the same trajectory. There is no differentiated control over the falling path and contact time of blanks of different sizes within the pipe. This easily leads to situations where small particles are already completely dry or even overheated, while large particles have not yet had sufficient internal moisture removed, resulting in insufficient overall preheating uniformity. This uneven preheating continues into the subsequent calcination stage, where some blanks may crack at high temperatures due to excessively high moisture content or low temperature, affecting the finished product's yield and performance stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical deficiencies in the background art, this invention proposes a petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure, which solves the aforementioned technical problems and meets practical needs. The specific technical solution is as follows: A petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure includes a spreading box, which is installed on one side of and connected to a preheating pipe. The spreading box has a distributing structure and a guiding structure fixedly connected to its inner wall. The distributing structure includes an outer cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spreading box and inclined upwards, and an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder and fixedly connected to it. A first annular partition and a second annular partition are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder, dividing the internal space of the inner cylinder into a first sieve cavity, a second sieve cavity, and a third sieve cavity of equal width. At the bottom of the inner cylinder, a first grading sieve plate, a second grading sieve plate, and a third grading sieve plate are correspondingly arranged in the first, second, and third sieve cavities. The three-stage sieve plates are arranged sequentially and obliquely along the material flow direction inside the inner cylinder. The bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with discharge channels corresponding to the positions of the first, second, and third sieve plates. The inner cylinder is provided with the material disturbance assembly. The material guiding structure includes a first guide member, a second guide member, and a third guide member arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the spreading box. The inlet end of the first guide member is located below the inlet end of the first sieve plate, the inlet end of the second guide member is located below the second sieve plate, and the inlet end of the third guide member is located below the third sieve plate. The outlet ends of the first, second, and third guide members all extend into the preheating pipe, and each of them is provided with a first spreading wheel, a second spreading wheel, and a third spreading wheel that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spreading box.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the aperture diameters of the first grading sieve plate, the second grading sieve plate, and the third grading sieve plate increase sequentially. The spreading distance of the first, second, and third spreading wheels when spreading the petroleum proppant blanks increases sequentially in the radial direction of the preheating pipe.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the feed end of the outer cylinder is provided with a feed pipe, the upper end of the feed pipe is placed outside the spreading box, and the lower end is connected to the feed end of the outer cylinder.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the material scrambling assembly includes a motor installed on the outside of the material spreading box and located at the discharge end of the outer cylinder, a rotating shaft disposed inside the inner cylinder, a material scrambling plate symmetrically disposed on both sides of the rotating shaft, and a connecting rod disposed corresponding to the material scrambling plate. The two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the material scrambling plate and the rotating shaft respectively. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the motor after passing through the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in sequence. The other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the end side wall of the outer cylinder.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first guide member includes a first L-shaped plate, the transverse section of the first L-shaped plate is inclined, a first guide plate parallel to the transverse section of the first L-shaped plate is provided above the first L-shaped plate, the feed end of the first L-shaped plate is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel of the outer cylinder and is located below the discharge end of the first grading screen plate, and the discharge end surface of the first guide plate is provided with a first screen hole section, the screen hole diameter of the first screen hole section is the same as the screen hole diameter of the first grading screen plate.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the second guide member includes a second L-shaped plate, the transverse section of the second L-shaped plate is inclined, two second guide plates parallel to the transverse section of the second L-shaped plate are arranged above the second L-shaped plate, the feed end of the second L-shaped plate is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel of the outer cylinder and is located below the discharge end of the second grading screen plate, and the surface of the discharge end of the second guide plate is provided with a second screen hole section, and the length of the two second guide plates increases sequentially from top to bottom and is arranged in a stepped manner.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the third guide component includes a third L-shaped plate, the transverse section of the third L-shaped plate is inclined, and three third guide plates parallel to the transverse section of the third L-shaped plate are arranged above the third L-shaped plate. The feed end of the third L-shaped plate is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel of the outer cylinder and is located below the discharge end of the third grading screen plate. The surface of the discharge end of the third guide plate is provided with a third screen hole section. The three third guide plates are arranged in a stepped manner with their lengths increasing sequentially from top to bottom.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, two parallel air-equalizing perforated plates are provided inside the preheating pipe. The air-equalizing perforated plates are located below the spreading box and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the preheating pipe. The perforation diameter of the air-equalizing perforated plate on the side closer to the spreading box is smaller than the perforation diameter of the air-equalizing perforated plate on the side farther away from the spreading box.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The device divides petroleum proppant pellets into small, medium, and large grades using a three-stage sieve plate with progressively increasing aperture sizes. These pellets are then fed into a guiding structure equipped with one, two, and three stepped guide plates, respectively. The varying guide path lengths increase the initial preheating time required for each particle size, thereby reducing the moisture content and increasing particle strength, significantly minimizing subsequent breakage. Three spreading wheels radially spread the material in layers from near to far along the preheating pipe, with small particles at the upper near end, medium particles in the middle, and large particles at the lower far end, forming a gradient material curtain. This allows for thorough and uniform heat exchange with the rising hot flue gas, improving preheating efficiency and heat utilization. The progressively increasing aperture size of the sieve and the spreading distance enhance convective heat transfer. A double-layered perforated plate with small holes near the near end and large holes far the far end within the preheating pipe effectively rectifies the flue gas, ensuring uniform and stable heating of the material curtain. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is one of the internal structural cross-sectional views of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material guiding structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the outer and inner cylinders of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1-Dispensing box; 2-Distribution structure; 21-Outer cylinder; 211-Discharge channel; 212-Infeed pipe; 22-Inner cylinder; 23-First annular baffle; 24-Second annular baffle; 25-First screening chamber; 251-First grading screen plate; 26-Second screening chamber; 261-Second grading screen plate; 27-Third screening chamber; 271-Third grading screen plate; 28-Material scrambling assembly; 281-Motor; 282-Rotating shaft; 283-Connecting rod; 284-Material scrambling plate; 3- Material guiding structure; 31-First material guiding component; 311-First L-shaped plate; 312-First material guiding plate; 313-First screen section; 314-First spreading wheel; 32-Second material guiding component; 321-Second L-shaped plate; 322-Second material guiding plate; 323-Second screen section; 324-Second spreading wheel; 33-Third material guiding component; 331-Third L-shaped plate; 332-Third material guiding plate; 333-Third screen section; 334-Third spreading wheel; 4-Preheating pipe; 41-Air equalization plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to relevant examples. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples, and the present invention relates to relevant necessary components in this technical field, which should be regarded as well-known technology in this technical field and can be known and mastered by those skilled in this technical field.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure includes a spreading box 1, which is installed on one side of a preheating pipe 4 and connected to the preheating pipe 4. The spreading box 1 is provided with a distributing structure 2 and a guiding structure 3 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spreading box 1. The distributing structure 2 includes an outer cylinder 21 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spreading box 1 and inclined upward, and an inner cylinder 22 disposed inside the outer cylinder 21 and fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 21. A first ring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22 is provided. An annular partition 23 and a second annular partition 24 divide the internal space of the inner cylinder 22 into a first sieve cavity 25, a second sieve cavity 26, and a third sieve cavity 27 of equal width. At the bottom of the inner cylinder 22, a first grading sieve plate 251, a second grading sieve plate 261, and a third grading sieve plate 271 are provided corresponding to the first sieve cavity 25, the second sieve cavity 26, and the third sieve cavity 27. The grading screen plates 271 are arranged sequentially and inclinedly along the material feeding direction inside the inner cylinder 22. The bottom of the outer cylinder 21 is provided with discharge channels 211 corresponding to the positions of the first grading screen plate 251, the second grading screen plate 261, and the third grading screen plate 271, respectively. The inner cylinder 22 is provided with the material disturbance component 28. The material guiding structure 3 includes a first material guiding component 31, a second material guiding component 32, and a third material guiding component 33 arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the spreading box 1. The feeding end of the first material guiding component 31 is provided with... The first grading screen plate 251 is located below the feed end of the first grading screen plate 251, the feed end of the second guide member 32 is located below the second grading screen plate 261, and the feed end of the third guide member 33 is located below the third grading screen plate 271. The discharge ends of the first guide member 31, the second guide member 32, and the third guide member 33 all extend into the preheating pipe 4, and each of them is provided with a first spreading wheel 314, a second spreading wheel 324, and a third spreading wheel 334 that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spreading box 1.

[0022] In this invention, a feeding box 1 is provided on the side of the preheating pipe 4. The outer cylinder 21 of the internal material distribution structure 2 is inclined upward, and the inner cylinder 22 is fixed inside. The inner cylinder 22 is divided into a first screening chamber 25, a second screening chamber 26, and a third screening chamber 27 of equal width by a first annular partition 23 and a second annular partition 24. A first grading screen plate 251, a second grading screen plate 261, and a third grading screen plate 271 are installed at the bottom of each screening chamber. The screen plates are inclined along the material flow direction and the screen apertures increase sequentially. After the material is fed into the feed pipe 212, the motor 281 drives the rotating shaft 282 to rotate the material baffle 284, pushing the material towards the three grading screen plates, separating it into three specifications: small, medium, and large according to particle size. The material then falls into the corresponding discharge channel 211 at the bottom of the outer cylinder 21 and enters its respective guiding structure.

[0023] The preheating path length for different sized material blanks is set according to particle size. Small-sized material blanks from the first grading screen 251 enter the first guide component 31, which has a first guide plate 312 above the first L-shaped plate 311, resulting in the shortest initial preheating path. Medium-sized material blanks from the second grading screen 261 enter the second guide component 32, which has two stepped second guide plates 322 above the second L-shaped plate 321, resulting in a medium preheating path. Large-sized material blanks from the third grading screen 271 enter the third guide component 33, which has three stepped third guide plates 332 above the third L-shaped plate 331, resulting in the longest preheating path. Each guide plate has a screen section with the same aperture as the corresponding grading screen plate at its discharge end. After the material is preheated and hardened, it is thrown into the preheating pipe 4 by the first spreading wheel 314, the second spreading wheel 324, and the third spreading wheel 334. The throwing distance increases in the radial direction to form a three-layer material curtain. The aperture of the two gas equalization plates 41 at the bottom of the preheating pipe 4 is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, so that hot flue gas can pass through evenly, allowing material blanks of different particle sizes to be fully heated, reducing the bursting and pulverization during subsequent calcination, and maintaining the roundness of the particles.

[0024] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the aperture sizes of the first grading sieve plate 251, the second grading sieve plate 261, and the third grading sieve plate 271 increase sequentially. The first spreading wheel 314, the second spreading wheel 324, and the third spreading wheel 334 spread the petroleum proppant material at a distance that increases sequentially in the radial direction of the preheating pipe 4.

[0025] Specifically, through grading and scattering, material pellets of different sizes can all obtain appropriate preheating intensity within the preheating pipe 4. The aperture sizes of the first grading sieve plate 251, the second grading sieve plate 261, and the third grading sieve plate 271 increase sequentially, correspondingly separating the material pellets into three specifications: small, medium, and large. Small-diameter material pellets pass through the first grading sieve plate 251 into the top guiding structure, medium-diameter particles pass through the second grading sieve plate 261 into the middle section, and large-diameter particles pass through the third grading sieve plate 271 into the bottom section, thus completing the clear grading of particle sizes.

[0026] During the spreading process, the first spreading wheel 314 has the shortest spreading distance, corresponding to small particle blanks, forming a material curtain close to the side of the spreading box 1; the second spreading wheel 324 has a medium spreading distance, and the third spreading wheel 334 has the longest spreading distance, throwing large particle blanks deeper into the preheating pipe 4. This results in a longer preheating time and a longer spreading trajectory for large-diameter particle blanks, increasing their residence distance in the hot flue gas and achieving more thorough heat exchange; while small-diameter particle blanks are prevented from being overheated. The radial material curtain layers, combined with the variable aperture of the lower uniform air distribution plate 41, ensure uniform heating of particle blanks of all sizes, achieving uniform initial preheating.

[0027] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outer cylinder 21 is provided with a feed pipe 212 at its feed end. The upper end of the feed pipe 212 is located outside the material spreading box 1, and the lower end is connected to the feed end of the outer cylinder 21.

[0028] Specifically, the upper end of the feed pipe 212 extends to the outside of the spreading box 1, and the lower end is connected to the feed end of the outer cylinder 21. The material blank is directly poured into the inner cylinder 21 from the outside. Because the outer cylinder 21 is tilted upward as a whole, the material blank slides into the outer cylinder 21 along the pipe by its own weight, and is then pushed towards the grading screen plate by the baffle plate 284 in the inner cylinder 22.

[0029] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 ,and Figure 3 As shown, the material scrambling assembly 28 includes a motor 281 installed on the outside of the material spreading box 1 and located at the discharge end of the outer cylinder 21, a rotating shaft 282 disposed inside the inner cylinder 22, a material scrambling plate 284 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the rotating shaft 282, and a connecting rod 283 corresponding to the material scrambling plate 284. The two ends of the connecting rod 283 are fixedly connected to the material scrambling plate 284 and the rotating shaft 282 respectively. One end of the rotating shaft 282 is rotatably connected to the motor 281 after passing through the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21. The other end of the rotating shaft 282 is rotatably connected to the end side wall of the outer cylinder 21.

[0030] Specifically, the function of the material churning assembly 28 is to drive the material blanks between the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22 to move in an inclined direction, while preventing the material blanks from accumulating and clogging. The motor 281 is mounted outside the discharge end of the outer cylinder 21 and drives the rotating shaft 282 to rotate. The material churning plate 284 is symmetrically fixed on the rotating shaft 282 through the connecting rod 283. When the rotating shaft 282 rotates, the material churning plate 284 moves the material blanks in a circumferential direction, pushing the material blanks that fall from the feed pipe 212 to the bottom of the outer cylinder 21 forward. When passing through the first screening chamber 25, the second screening chamber 26 and the third screening chamber 27, the material blanks are repeatedly stirred and turned up. Particles of suitable size pass through the first grading screen plate 251, the second grading screen plate 261 and the third grading screen plate 271 below and fall into the corresponding guiding structure.

[0031] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first guide plate 31 includes a first L-shaped plate 311, the horizontal section of the first L-shaped plate 311 is inclined, a first guide plate 312 parallel to the horizontal section of the first L-shaped plate 311 is provided above the first L-shaped plate 311, the feed end of the first L-shaped plate 311 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel 211 of the outer cylinder 21 and is located below the discharge end of the first grading screen plate 251, and the surface of the discharge end of the first guide plate 312 is provided with a first screen hole section 313.

[0032] Specifically, the first guide member 31 is used to receive small-diameter material blanks under the first grading screen 251. The feed end of the first L-shaped plate 311 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel 211 of the outer cylinder 21, and the transverse section is inclined, allowing the material blanks to slide down the inclined surface. The discharge end of the first guide plate 312 installed parallel above is provided with a first screen hole section 313. When the aperture of this screen hole section is the same as that of the first grading screen 251, all the material blanks remain on the surface of the guide plate, forming a single-layer thin material path. Hot flue gas passes through the screen holes from below and directly contacts the material blanks for preheating. If the aperture of the first screen section 313 is taken as the midpoint between the aperture of the first grading screen plate 251 and the minimum particle size of the material, the material will undergo secondary separation when it flows through this section. The finer particles pass through the screen holes and fall onto the transverse section of the first L-shaped plate 311, while the coarser particles continue to advance along the first guide plate 312, forming two thinner material paths. The fine particles during the falling process are surrounded and preheated by the rising hot flue gas. The two material paths eventually converge at the discharge end of the first L-shaped plate 311 and are thrown into the preheating pipe 4 by the first spreading wheel 314.

[0033] Furthermore, the length of the first screen section 313 accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the first guide plate 312. When the material blank slides down the first guide plate 312, it first spreads out fully in the section without screen holes to form a uniform thickness layer. After entering the first screen section 313, it exchanges heat fully with the rising hot flue gas, and the length of this section is sufficient to allow fine particles to reliably pass through the screen holes to achieve secondary separation.

[0034] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second guide member 32 includes a second L-shaped plate 321. The horizontal section of the second L-shaped plate 321 is inclined. Two second guide plates 322 parallel to the horizontal section of the second L-shaped plate 321 are arranged above the second L-shaped plate 321. The feed end of the second L-shaped plate 321 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel 211 of the outer cylinder 21 and is located below the discharge end of the second grading screen plate 261. The surface of the discharge end of the second guide plate 322 is provided with a second screen hole section 323. The length of the two second guide plates 322 increases sequentially from top to bottom and is arranged in a stepped shape.

[0035] Specifically, the second guide component 32 receives the medium-sized material blanks screened by the second grading screen plate 261. Its structure is similar to that of the first guide component 31, but it is equipped with two second guide plates 322 on top. The length of the two second guide plates 322 increases sequentially from top to bottom, and they are arranged in a stepped manner. The feed ends of both are connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel 211 of the outer cylinder 21. Below is the transverse section of the inclined second L-shaped plate 321. The material blanks first fall onto the shorter second guide plate 322 at the top, and then flow to the end where they are caught by the longer guide plate at the bottom. This process is repeated to extend the residence path of the medium-sized material blanks within the guide structure.

[0036] If the aperture of the second screen section 323 is the same as that of the second grading screen plate 261, the material blank maintains a single thin material path on the surface of the guide plate, and the hot flue gas passes through the screen holes for preheating. When the aperture of the second screen section 323 is the midpoint between the aperture of the second grading screen plate 261 and the first grading screen plate 251, the finer particles in the medium-sized material blank will pass through the screen holes and fall, while the coarser particles remain on the surface of the guide plate. Together with the falling material received by the transverse section of the second L-shaped plate 321, a thinner material path is formed in three layers: upper, middle, and lower. During the falling process, the fine particles come into full contact with the rising hot flue gas, and the three layers of material blank finally converge at the discharge end of the second L-shaped plate 321 and are thrown into the preheating pipe 4 by the second spreading wheel 324 to form a material curtain.

[0037] Furthermore, in the two second guide plates 322, the total length of the upper second guide plate (upper level) is half the total length of the lower second guide plate (lower level), and the length of the second screen section 323 on each level of the second guide plate accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the guide plate. This allows for the stepwise transfer of medium-sized material fragments, with each screen section providing sufficient heat exchange residence time, and finer particles in the material fragments are separated sequentially at each level, enhancing the uniformity of preheating.

[0038] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the third guide component 33 includes a third L-shaped plate 331. The horizontal section of the third L-shaped plate 331 is inclined. Three third guide plates 332 parallel to the horizontal section of the third L-shaped plate 331 are arranged above the third L-shaped plate 331. The feed end of the third L-shaped plate 331 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel 211 of the outer cylinder 21, which is located below the discharge end of the third grading screen plate 271. The surface of the discharge end of the third guide plate 332 is provided with a third screen hole section 333. The length of the three third guide plates 332 increases sequentially from top to bottom and is arranged in a stepped manner.

[0039] Specifically, the third guide component 33 receives large-diameter material blanks screened by the third grading screen plate 271. Three third guide plates 332 are positioned above it, with their lengths increasing sequentially from top to bottom in a stepped arrangement. After entering, the material blanks first fall onto the shortest uppermost third guide plate 332, flow to the middle layer at the end, and then are transferred to the longest lowermost guide plate. In this way, the large-diameter material blanks undergo three stages of transfer within the guide structure, resulting in the longest preheating path among the three sets of guide components, corresponding to the requirement for a longer preheating time for large particles.

[0040] The aperture of the third sieve section 333 can be determined in two ways. When it is directly the same as the third grading sieve plate 271, the material blank forms a thin material path on each of the three third guide plates 332, and the rising hot flue gas below passes through the sieve holes to contact the material blank for preheating. If the aperture of the third sieve section is taken as the midpoint between the aperture of the third grading sieve plate and the aperture of the second grading sieve plate (i.e., the midpoint of the particle size range of the large-diameter material), or as the midpoint between the minimum and maximum particle sizes of the material passing through the third grading sieve plate, the material blank separates as it flows through each layer of the third sieve section 333. The finer particles pass through the sieve holes and fall, while the coarser particles remain on the surface of the guide plates. Combined with the material received by the transverse section of the lowest third L-shaped plate 331, a total of four thinner material paths are formed. The four layers of material blank finally converge at the discharge end of the third L-shaped plate 331 and are then scattered by the third spreading wheel 334 to the farthest radial position inside the preheating pipe 4, forming a material curtain.

[0041] Furthermore, the lengths of the three third guide plates 332 increase sequentially from top to bottom, and the total length of any upper-level third guide plate is always half the total length of the adjacent lower-level third guide plate. The length of the third screen section 333 on each level of the third guide plate accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the guide plate. With this configuration, the residence time of large-diameter material fragments is extended after three transfers, forming four thin material paths, ensuring that the large-particle fragments are sufficiently preheated before being scattered.

[0042] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, two parallel air-equalizing perforated plates 41 are provided inside the preheating pipe 4. The air-equalizing perforated plates 41 are located below the spreading box 1 and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the preheating pipe 4. The perforation diameter of the air-equalizing perforated plate 41 on the side closer to the spreading box 1 is smaller than that of the air-equalizing perforated plate 41 on the side farther away from the spreading box 1.

[0043] Specifically, two uniform perforated plates 41 are installed parallel to each other below the feeding box 1 in the preheating pipe 4. The perforations closer to the feeding box 1 have smaller diameters, while those farther away have larger diameters. This allows for a more uniform distribution of the hot flue gas introduced from the rotary kiln across the pipe cross-section. The hot flue gas rises from below, first undergoing initial diffusion through the larger-diameter uniform perforated plate 41, and then undergoing secondary rectification through the smaller-diameter plate, preventing excessively high local airflow velocities from dispersing the three-layer material curtain. After being spread by the first feeding wheel 314, the second feeding wheel 324, and the third feeding wheel 334, material flakes of different sizes form three layers of material curtains radially in the pipe. The uniformly distributed hot flue gas passes sequentially through the large-particle material curtain, the medium-particle material curtain, and the small-particle material curtain, ensuring that each layer of material flakes comes into contact with the stable flow rate of hot flue gas, preventing local overheating or insufficient preheating.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A petroleum proppant preheating device with a spreading structure, comprising a spreading box (1), the spreading box (1) being installed on one side of a preheating pipe (4) and connected to the preheating pipe (4), characterized in that, The material distribution box (1) is provided with a material distribution structure (2) and a material guiding structure (3) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material distribution box (1). The material distribution structure (2) includes an outer cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material distribution box (1) and inclined upward, and an inner cylinder (22) disposed inside the outer cylinder (21) and fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (21). A first annular partition (23) and a second annular partition (24) fixedly connected are provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (22). The first annular partition (23) and the second annular partition (24) guide the inner cylinder (21) through the material distribution box (1). 2) The internal space is divided into a first screening chamber (25), a second screening chamber (26), and a third screening chamber (27) of equal width. The bottom of the inner cylinder (22) is provided with a first grading screen plate (251), a second grading screen plate (261), and a third grading screen plate (271) corresponding to the first screening chamber (25), the second screening chamber (26), and the third screening chamber (27). The first grading screen plate (251), the second grading screen plate (261), and the third grading screen plate (271) are inclined along the material flow direction inside the inner cylinder (22). In this configuration, the bottom of the outer cylinder (21) is provided with discharge channels (211) corresponding to the positions of the first grading screen (251), the second grading screen (261), and the third grading screen (271), respectively. The inner cylinder (22) is provided with a material shuffling assembly (28). The material guiding structure (3) includes a first material guiding component (31), a second material guiding component (32), and a third material guiding component (33) arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the spreading box (1). The feeding end of the first material guiding component (31) is located at the feeding end of the first grading screen (251). Below 251), the feed end of the second guide (32) is located below the second grading screen (261), and the feed end of the third guide (33) is located below the third grading screen (271). The discharge ends of the first guide (31), the second guide (32), and the third guide (33) all extend into the preheating pipe (4), and each of them is provided with a first spreading wheel (314), a second spreading wheel (324), and a third spreading wheel (334) that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spreading box (1).

2. The oil proppant preheating device with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture sizes of the first grading sieve plate (251), the second grading sieve plate (261), and the third grading sieve plate (271) increase sequentially. The first spreading wheel (314), the second spreading wheel (324), and the third spreading wheel (334) spread the petroleum proppant material at a distance that increases sequentially in the radial direction of the preheating pipe (4).

3. The oil proppant preheating device with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (21) is provided with a feed pipe (212) at the feed end. The upper end of the feed pipe (212) is placed outside the feed box (1), and the lower end is connected to the feed end of the outer cylinder (21).

4. A preheating device for petroleum proppant with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material scrambling assembly (28) includes a motor (281) installed on the outside of the material spreading box (1) and located at the discharge end of the outer cylinder (21), a rotating shaft (282) set inside the inner cylinder (22), a material scrambling plate (284) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft (282), and a connecting rod (283) corresponding to the material scrambling plate (284). The two ends of the connecting rod (283) are fixedly connected to the material scrambling plate (284) and the rotating shaft (282) respectively. One end of the rotating shaft (282) is rotatably connected to the motor (281) after passing through the inner cylinder (22) and the outer cylinder (21). The other end of the rotating shaft (282) is rotatably connected to the end side wall of the outer cylinder (21).

5. A preheating device for petroleum proppant with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide member (31) includes a first L-shaped plate (311), the horizontal section of the first L-shaped plate (311) is inclined, and a first guide plate (312) parallel to the horizontal section of the first L-shaped plate (311) is provided above the first L-shaped plate (311). The feed end of the first L-shaped plate (311) is located below the discharge end of the first grading screen plate (251) and connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel (211) of the outer cylinder (21). The surface of the discharge end of the first guide plate (312) is provided with a first screen hole section (313), and the screen hole diameter of the first screen hole section (313) is the same as the screen hole diameter of the first grading screen plate (251).

6. A preheating device for petroleum proppant with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second guide component (32) includes a second L-shaped plate (321). The second L-shaped plate (321) is inclined in its horizontal section. Two second guide plates (322) are arranged above the second L-shaped plate (321) and are parallel to the horizontal section of the second L-shaped plate (321). The feed end of the second L-shaped plate (321) is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel (211) of the outer cylinder (21) and is located below the discharge end of the second grading screen plate (261). The surface of the discharge end of the second guide plate (322) is provided with a second screen hole section (323). The length of the two second guide plates (322) increases from top to bottom and is arranged in a stepped manner.

7. A preheating device for petroleum proppant with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third guide component (33) includes a third L-shaped plate (331). The horizontal section of the third L-shaped plate (331) is inclined. Three third guide plates (332) are arranged above the third L-shaped plate (331) and are parallel to the horizontal section of the third L-shaped plate (331). The feed end of the third L-shaped plate (331) is connected to the inner wall of the discharge channel (211) of the outer cylinder (21) and is located below the discharge end of the third grading screen plate (271). The surface of the discharge end of the third guide plate (332) is provided with a third screen hole section (333). The length of the three third guide plates (332) increases sequentially from top to bottom and is arranged in a stepped manner.

8. A preheating device for oil proppant with a spreading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two parallel air-equalizing plates (41) are provided inside the preheating pipe (4). The air-equalizing plates (41) are located below the spreading box (1) and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the preheating pipe (4). The pore diameter of the air-equalizing plate (41) on the side closer to the spreading box (1) is smaller than that of the air-equalizing plate (41) on the side farther away from the spreading box (1).

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