Industrial equipment strain data multichannel acquisition system based on fiber grating sensing

By constructing a three-dimensional state vector and a Gaussian mixture model, and dynamically adjusting the exposure level and threshold, the demodulation failure problem caused by the difference in channel reflection spectrum intensity in the fiber Bragg grating sensing system was solved, achieving high accuracy and reliability of strain data.

CN122408642APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17YUHENG POWER STATION OF SHAANXI HUADIAN YUHENG COAL POWER CO LTD +1
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610489468.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-04-14
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing fiber Bragg grating sensing systems in industrial equipment suffer from significant differences in reflectance spectrum intensity due to variations in the environment, fiber loss, and light source coupling efficiency at different measurement points. Unifying exposure time and fixing thresholds makes it difficult to meet the peak-finding requirements of both strong and weak channels, leading to demodulation failures or increased errors in some channels. Furthermore, the lack of dynamic identification and adaptive parameter adjustment mechanisms affects the continuity and reliability of strain data.

Method used

The system employs a baseline construction module, a state determination module, an adaptive demodulation module, and an iterative correction module. By constructing a three-dimensional state vector and a Gaussian mixture model, it dynamically adjusts the exposure level and threshold. Combined with the CA-CFAR algorithm and the Kalman prediction model, it achieves channel-level adaptive demodulation and parameter correction.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves the success rate of multi-channel demodulation, ensures that reflection peaks can be clearly identified in both strong and weak channels, improves the accuracy of strain calculation, enhances the system's robustness to channel characteristic drift, and prevents long-term performance degradation.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial equipment strain data multichannel acquisition system based on fiber grating sensing, and relates to the technical field of fiber sensing, an influence degree evaluation module is used for evaluating the saturation ratio, the signal-to-noise ratio and the effective continuous length of the reflection spectrum of each channel in real time, and constructing a channel baseline table; the reference deformation generation module establishes a state model parameter library based on the initialization period data; the residual deformation learning module identifies that the channel is in a topping state, a normal state or a low-intensity state according to the current state vector, and adaptively adjusts an exposure gear and a threshold value; the fusion and closed-loop correction module introduces a Kalman prediction and cumulative deviation detection mechanism to perform time consistency verification and cross-period correction on a central wavelength result, so that the problem of unified exposure and threshold failure caused by reflection spectrum intensity difference of the multichannel fiber grating sensor in an industrial environment is solved. And the acquisition precision of strain data and the stability of long-term operation of the system are remarkably improved.
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