A nuclear energy production reactor vessel apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a nuclear energy production reactor device, which comprises a reaction tank, a reaction sleeve and an isolation sleeve are arranged in the reaction tank, the bottom of the reaction sleeve is connected with the reaction tank through a fixing part, and the isolation sleeve is connected with the reaction sleeve; a reaction area is formed in the reaction sleeve, a reactor is arranged in the reaction area, a cooling area is formed between the isolation sleeve and the reaction sleeve and a cooling assembly is arranged in the cooling area, a protection area is formed between the isolation sleeve and the reaction tank and a protection part is arranged in the protection area, and the three parts form a radial concentric nested structure; a sealing cover is arranged at the top of the reaction tank and a main cavity is formed, the reaction sleeve and the isolation sleeve are arranged in the main cavity, and a plurality of detection groups are arranged in the cooling area and the protection area in the main cavity; a ventilation path is arranged in the reaction tank, and an auxiliary cooling part is arranged at the bottom. The device realizes layered heat dissipation and radiation protection through the concentric nested structure, the heat dissipation effect is strengthened in combination with the ventilation path and the auxiliary cooling part, the operation state is monitored in real time through the detection groups, and the problems of uneven heat dissipation and insufficient radiation protection are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear energy production technology, and more specifically, relates to a nuclear energy production reactor apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear energy production reactor is a core piece of equipment used for the controlled fission reaction of nuclear fuel to realize nuclear energy conversion. It is widely used in nuclear energy utilization fields such as nuclear power generation and industrial heating. It must simultaneously meet multiple requirements such as reaction controllability, efficient heat dissipation and radiation protection, and is a key carrier to ensure the safe and efficient utilization of nuclear energy.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN219626331U provides a nuclear energy production reactor device. This device effectively resists the high-temperature and strong corrosion of the thorium-based molten salt reactor environment by installing a protective sleeve made of Hastelloy C-276R material with an enamel coating inside the reactor body, thus extending the service life of the reactor body. The protective sleeve can be easily installed and removed using hooks and fixing bolts, facilitating later maintenance. However, this nuclear energy production reactor device only achieves cooling through a single external cooling water chamber, resulting in a single cooling path and insufficient local heat exchange efficiency. It cannot provide precise and efficient heat dissipation protection for the core reaction area. Furthermore, it lacks a layered radiation protection structure, relying solely on the protective sleeve for single protection, making it difficult to achieve dual shielding against neutrons and gamma rays, leaving blind spots in radiation protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a nuclear energy production reactor apparatus to solve the technical problems of existing nuclear energy production reactor apparatuses, such as poor heat dissipation from a single cooling water chamber and difficulty in achieving dual shielding against neutrons and gamma rays due to the lack of layered protection.

[0005] The purpose and effectiveness of the nuclear energy production reactor apparatus of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus includes a reaction vessel, a reaction sleeve and an isolation sleeve disposed inside the reaction vessel, the bottom of the reaction sleeve being connected to the reaction vessel via a fixing part, and the isolation sleeve being sleeved on the reaction sleeve and having one end connected to the reaction sleeve. A reaction zone is formed inside the reaction sleeve, and the reactor is placed inside the reaction zone. A cooling zone is formed between the inner side of the isolation sleeve and the outer side of the reaction sleeve. A cooling component is provided in the cooling zone. A protection zone is formed between the outer side of the isolation sleeve and the inner side of the reaction tank. A protective part is provided in the protection zone. A radially concentric nested structure is formed by the reaction zone, the cooling zone, and the protection zone. The reaction zone is located in the central region of the radially concentric nested structure. The top of the reaction vessel is provided with a sealing cover, and the two are connected to form a main cavity. The reaction sleeve and the isolation sleeve are both located in the main cavity, and multiple sets of detection groups are provided in the main cavity. The multiple sets of detection groups are located in the cooling zone and the protection zone, respectively. The reaction vessel is equipped with a ventilation path and an auxiliary cooling section at the bottom.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment, the fixing part includes multiple sets of fixing plates, a connecting sleeve is provided at the bottom of the reaction sleeve, a positioning sleeve is provided inside the reaction tank, and the positioning sleeve passes through the connecting sleeve. Multiple sets of fixing plates are installed inside the positioning sleeve and are symmetrically distributed. An airbag is provided on the outside of the fixing plate. Multiple sets of through grooves are opened on the positioning sleeve. The cross-section of the connecting sleeve is L-shaped and a positioning groove is formed between it and the reaction sleeve. The airbag passes through the through groove and is locked in the positioning groove and is connected to an external air pump. Both ends of the airbag are provided with extension bodies, and the arc length of the airbag through the extension body is greater than the arc length of the through groove.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary cooling unit includes a floating plate and a water inlet ring. A movable cavity is formed between the reaction sleeve and the bottom of the reaction tank. The floating plate is located in the movable cavity, and multiple sets of limiting frames are provided on the inner wall of the movable cavity. The floating plate is locked between the multiple sets of limiting frames, and the floating plate moves up and down along the movable cavity through the multiple sets of limiting frames. The water inlet ring is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank and is connected to an external cooling liquid supply device through a connecting pipe. The water inlet ring is provided with multiple sets of water inlets, which pass through the movable cavity and are located below the floating plate. The bottom of the reaction tank is provided with a drainage section, and the water inlet ring and the drainage section together form a water-filled state and a water-drained state.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, in the water-filled state, an external cooling liquid supply device transports cooling liquid to the inlet ring through a connecting pipe, and the cooling liquid enters the movable cavity through the inlet head; The bottom of the reaction sleeve has multiple sets of ventilation slots. The cooling zone is connected to the movable cavity through the multiple sets of ventilation slots. As the cooling liquid in the movable cavity is filled, the floating plate gradually moves upward until it contacts the bottom of the reaction sleeve and blocks the ventilation slots. The drainage section is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device via a connecting pipe. The drainage state is such that the cooling liquid in the movable cavity is transported to the external cooling liquid treatment device through the connecting pipe via the drainage section. As the cooling liquid is discharged, the floating plate gradually moves downward until it returns to its original position. The floating plate has a slot, and a first heat dissipation pipe is installed in the slot. The first heat dissipation pipe is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, both of which pass through the cooling zone and are connected to the cooling component. A heat-conducting plate is installed on the opening surface of the slot. One side of the heat-conducting plate is in contact with the first heat dissipation pipe, and the other side is in contact with the bottom of the reaction sleeve when it is filled with water. The drainage section includes a collection tank, which is installed at the bottom of the reaction vessel. The bottom of the reaction vessel is provided with multiple sets of drainage pipes, which are connected to the collection tank via connecting pipes. The movable cavity is in communication with the collection tank.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, a filter element is provided below the collection tank, and a first connection port and a second connection port are respectively provided at both ends of the filter element. A drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the collection tank. The first connection port is connected to the drain outlet. The filter element is in communication with the collection tank. The second connection port is connected to an external sewage treatment device. A first connecting pipe is provided on one side of the second connection port. One end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the filter element, and the other end is connected to the external water supply equipment through a connecting pipe. The diameters at both ends of the first connecting pipe are larger than the diameter of the middle section, forming a Venturi-type contraction and expansion structure. A flushing path is formed through the first connecting pipe, the filter element, and the drain outlet. A second connecting pipe is provided on one side of the filter element. The axis of the second connecting pipe forms an angle with the axis of the filter element. The second connecting pipe is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device through a connecting pipe. A filtration path is formed between the filter element and the second connecting pipe through the first connecting port.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the filter element is provided with a filter screen, the filter screen is tubular, the axis of the filter screen coincides with the axis of the filter element, and a rinsing state and a filtration state are formed by the rinsing path and the filtration path. The flushing state is indicated by the second connecting pipe being closed to the first connection port, and the flushing liquid being transported to the flushing path through the external water supply equipment, and then transported to the external sewage treatment equipment from the flushing path. The filtration state is indicated by the first connecting pipe and the second connection port being in a closed state. The cooling liquid in the collection tank enters the filtration path through the first connection port, and after passing through the filtration path, it is transported to the external cooling liquid treatment equipment by the second connecting pipe and the connection pipe.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the cooling component includes two sets of heat dissipation components, which are symmetrically distributed. The sealing cover is provided with two sets of liquid inlet pipes, one end of which is connected to an external cooling liquid supply device. The two sets of liquid inlet pipes are respectively connected to the two sets of heat dissipation components. One set of liquid inlet pipes is also connected to the auxiliary cooling unit through a connecting pipe. The reaction tank is provided with a liquid outlet pipe on each side, one end of which is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device. The two sets of liquid outlet pipes are respectively connected to the heat dissipation components. One set of liquid outlet pipes is also connected to the auxiliary cooling unit. The heat sink includes a mounting bracket and a second heat sink pipe. The second heat sink pipe is mounted on the mounting bracket, and one end of the second heat sink pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet pipe. A partition is provided inside the sealing cover, and an installation cavity is formed between the partition and the sealing cover. A connecting rod is provided on one side of the mounting bracket. An arc-shaped groove is opened on the partition corresponding to the connecting rod. The connecting rod passes through the arc-shaped groove and extends into the installation cavity. A gear ring is provided inside the mounting cavity, and the gear ring is installed on the top of the two sets of connecting rods.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the cooling component further includes a support frame, a plurality of support legs are provided around the reaction vessel, a plurality of support rods are provided on the support frame corresponding to the support legs, one end of the support rod is connected to the support leg, a movable guide rail is provided in the mounting cavity, the movable guide rail is arranged in a ring, an extension is provided on the movable guide rail, and the extension passes through the mounting cavity and is connected to the support frame. The bottom of the gear ring is provided with multiple sets of pulleys, which are locked in the movable guide rail. The gear ring is slidably connected to the movable guide rail through the multiple sets of pulleys. A first motor is provided on the support frame, and a drive gear is provided in the mounting cavity. The drive gear meshes with the gear ring and is connected to the shaft end of the first motor through a connecting rod.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, air inlet pipes are provided on both sides of the reaction tank, ventilation pipes are provided on both sides of the isolation sleeve, the protection zone is connected to the cooling zone through the ventilation pipes, a protective cover is provided on the top of the reaction sleeve, the reaction sleeve and the protective cover are connected to form a reaction chamber, and the reactor is located in the reaction chamber. The protective cover is provided with a cover plate on the top, and the two are connected to form an air extraction chamber. Multiple sets of through slots are opened on the periphery of the protective cover. The air extraction chamber is connected to the cooling zone through the through slots. A fan blade is provided in the air extraction chamber. A second motor is provided on the top of the cover plate. The shaft end of the second motor is connected to the fan blade. The air outlet direction of the fan blade is upward. The cover plate is provided with multiple sets of ventilation pipes, one end of which extends into the mounting cavity. The air extraction cavity is connected to the mounting cavity through the ventilation pipes. Air outlet pipes are provided on both sides of the sealing cover. A ventilation path is formed through the air inlet pipe, the protective zone, the ventilation pipe, the cooling zone, the air extraction cavity, the ventilation pipes, the mounting cavity, and the air outlet pipes.

[0014] Both the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are equipped with electric gates and dust screens. The air inlet pipe is equipped with a connecting pipe for filling the ventilation path with high-pressure nitrogen to replace oxygen and inhibit oxidation reaction.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the protective part includes multiple sets of protective shells, the protective shells being connected to the isolation sleeve to form a protective cavity, and the protective cavity being filled with a mixed shielding material of zirconium boride particles and lead alloy powder; The detection group includes a radioactive gas sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Two sets of symmetrical heat dissipation components within the cooling zone can rotate in a ring via a gear ring. The second heat dissipation duct provides comprehensive, dead-angle-free circulating cooling to the outside of the reaction sleeve. Combined with the independent circuit design of the inlet and outlet pipes, the cooling liquid flow rate can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time temperature of the reaction zone, achieving heat dissipation to the core reaction area. This improves heat exchange efficiency by more than 30% compared to traditional single cooling water chambers. Simultaneously, the bottom auxiliary cooling section can be fitted with a floating plate in a water-filled state, forming a direct heat dissipation channel at the bottom of the reaction sleeve via a heat-conducting plate and the first heat dissipation pipe. Cooling liquid in the moving chamber can be replenished to the cooling zone through the venting groove, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation network of "lateral circulation + bottom direct access." This avoids the localized heat accumulation problem caused by relying solely on external cooling in traditional devices, ensuring that the reaction zone temperature remains stable within a safe range, with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. Furthermore, the cooling liquid can be purified through rinsing and filtration paths of the filter elements, ensuring the cleanliness of the heat dissipation medium and reducing the operation and maintenance costs of the cooling system, achieving synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and recycling.

[0017] 2. This device, relying on a multi-layered protective structure within the protected area, overcomes the technical limitations of traditional devices that rely solely on a protective sleeve for shielding against both neutrons and gamma rays. The protective outer shell and isolation sleeve within the protected area form an independent protective cavity. The cavity is filled with a mixed shielding material of zirconium boride particles and lead alloy powder, providing highly efficient protection against both neutrons and gamma rays. The zirconium boride particles, due to boron's high neutron absorption cross-section, can quickly capture leaked fast neutrons, preventing their outward diffusion and radiation hazards. The lead alloy powder attenuates gamma rays generated by fission reactions in multiple layers. The synergistic effect of these dual protective materials significantly improves radiation shielding efficiency. Simultaneously, the protected area is linked to the ventilation path. High-pressure nitrogen can be introduced through a connecting pipe on the air inlet duct, creating a slightly positive pressure environment within the protected area. This replaces oxygen in the area to inhibit oxidation of high-temperature components and further prevents the escape of radioactive gases. Combined with radioactive gas sensors within the protected area, real-time monitoring and emergency protection against radiation leaks are possible, constructing a comprehensive protection system of "material shielding + gas protection + intelligent monitoring," significantly improving the operational safety of the device.

[0018] 3. The airbag in the fixing part can be inflated by an air pump and then pass through the through groove and lock into the positioning groove. The elastic deformation of the airbag forms an adaptive locking on the reaction sleeve. Compared with the traditional bolt fixing, its connection stability is stronger and can effectively buffer the vibration and impact during the reaction process. At the same time, the arc length design of the extended body can prevent the airbag from falling off and ensure the coaxiality of the reaction sleeve during long-term operation. The independent layout of each functional module (such as the detachable installation of heat dissipation components, the dual path switching of flushing / filtration of filter components, and the independent control of filling and draining of auxiliary cooling parts) reduces the difficulty of later maintenance. For example, the filter components can achieve self-cleaning by switching the flushing state, and the impurities can be removed without disassembly. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction vessel; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of region AA in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the reaction sleeve; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the fixing plate and the airbag; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled floating plate structure; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the inlet ring and the drainage section; Figure 9This is a structural diagram of the reaction vessel and drain pipe; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the filter element after disassembly; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled heat sink component; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the sealing cap and support frame are disassembled; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the protective cover has been disassembled; Figure 14 This is the block diagram of the controller.

[0020] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and their corresponding reference numerals is as follows: 11. Reaction vessel; 12. Reactor; 13. Positioning sleeve; 14. Through slot; 15. Support leg; 16. Air inlet pipe; 17. Protective outer shell; 201. Reaction sleeve; 202. Isolation sleeve; 203. Connecting sleeve; 204. Positioning slot; 205. Ventilation slot; 206. Ventilation pipe; 207. Protective cover; 208. Cover plate; 209. Through slot; 210. Fan blade; 211. Ventilation pipe; 31. Fixing plate; 32. Airbag; 33. Extension body; 41. Floating plate; 42. Water inlet ring; 43. Limiting frame; 44. Water inlet head; 45. First heat dissipation pipe; 46. Water inlet pipe ; 47. Water outlet pipe; 48. Heat conduction plate; 49. Drain pipe; 51. Collection tank; 52. Filter element; 53. First connection port; 54. Second connection port; 55. Drain outlet; 56. First connecting pipe; 57. Second connecting pipe; 58. Filter screen; 601. Sealing cover; 602. Liquid inlet pipe; 603. Liquid outlet pipe; 604. Mounting bracket; 605. Second heat dissipation duct; 606. Partition plate; 607. Connecting rod; 608. Arc groove; 609. Gear ring; 610. Support frame; 611. Support rod; 612. Moving guide rail; 613. Drive gear; 614. Air outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example:

[0023] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, this invention provides a nuclear energy production reactor device, including a reaction vessel 11. The reaction vessel 11 is generally vertically cylindrical, and its inner wall is treated with radiation and corrosion resistance to adapt to the special operating environment of nuclear reactions. Inside the reaction vessel 11, a reaction sleeve 201 and an isolation sleeve 202 are provided. The reaction sleeve 201 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its bottom is securely connected to the bottom inner wall of the reaction vessel 11 through a fixing part, effectively bearing various loads during the reaction process. The isolation sleeve 202 is also a cylindrical component, entirely fitted onto the outside of the reaction sleeve 201, and its top end is sealed to the top of the reaction sleeve 201, thereby dividing different functional areas.

[0024] The internal cavity of the reaction sleeve 201 forms a reaction zone, within which the reactor 12 is entirely placed. The fuel assemblies of the reactor 12 can undergo controlled nuclear fission reactions within this zone, providing the core energy source for the entire device. An annular cooling zone is formed between the inner wall of the isolation sleeve 202 and the outer wall of the reaction sleeve 201. A cooling assembly is installed within this zone, which rapidly removes heat through a circulating cooling medium. A protective zone is formed between the outer wall of the isolation sleeve 202 and the inner wall of the reactor vessel 11. This protective zone contains shielding components that effectively shield against radiation generated during the nuclear reaction. Through the arrangement of the reaction zone, cooling zone, and protective zone, they together form a radially concentric nested structure. The reaction zone is located in the central region of this radially concentric nested structure, simultaneously receiving heat dissipation protection from the outer cooling zone and radiation isolation from the protective zone.

[0025] A sealing cover 601 is installed on the top of the reaction vessel 11. The sealing cover 601 is connected to the top of the reaction vessel 11 through a sealing component, and the two together enclose a sealed main cavity. The reaction sleeve 201 and the isolation sleeve 202 are both located inside the main cavity. Multiple detection groups are installed within the main cavity, respectively located in the cooling zone and the protection zone, to monitor data such as the cooling medium parameters in the cooling zone and the radiation dose in the protection zone in real time. Furthermore, a ventilation path is provided inside the reaction vessel 11 to facilitate gas circulation and replacement within the device. An auxiliary cooling unit is installed at the bottom of the reaction vessel 11, which works in conjunction with the cooling components in the cooling zone to further enhance the overall heat dissipation capacity of the device and ensure the stable operation of the reactor 12 within the reaction zone.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the fixing part of the device includes multiple sets of fixing plates 31. A connecting sleeve 203 is also provided at the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201. A positioning sleeve 13 is installed inside the reaction tank 11. The positioning sleeve 13 is inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve 203. The two form a nested connection relationship, which can provide preliminary positioning and support for the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201.

[0027] Multiple sets of fixing plates 31 are installed on the inner side of the positioning sleeve 13, and the fixing plates 31 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the positioning sleeve 13, which can make the force more balanced. An airbag 32 is installed on the outer surface of each fixing plate 31, and multiple sets of through grooves 14 are opened on the cylinder wall of the positioning sleeve 13, the positions of the through grooves 14 correspond one-to-one with the airbags 32. The cross-section of the connecting sleeve 203 is L-shaped, and a ring-shaped positioning groove 204 is formed between it and the bottom outer wall of the reaction sleeve 201. The airbag 32 can pass through the through groove 14 and be inserted into the positioning groove 204. The airbag 32 is also connected to an external air pump through a pipeline, and the air pump can inflate or deflate the airbag 32 as needed.

[0028] When the airbag 32 inflates, it creates a clamping force within the positioning groove 204, thus firmly connecting the connecting sleeve 203 and the positioning sleeve 13, thereby fixing the reaction sleeve 201 within the reaction vessel 11. If it is necessary to disassemble the reaction sleeve 201, simply vent the gas from the airbag 32 using an air pump to release the restriction on the connecting sleeve 203. Furthermore, extension bodies 33 are provided at both ends of the airbag 32. The arc length of the extension body 33 is greater than the arc length of the through groove 14. This structure prevents the airbag 32 from detaching from the through groove 14 during inflation or deflation, ensuring a stable connection of the entire fixing part. This provides fundamental structural support for the stable operation of the reactor 12 within the reaction sleeve 201, reducing various risks caused by structural loosening during the reaction process.

[0029] Locking structures are also provided on both sides of the reaction tank 11. When the air bladder 32 is not inflated and the moving chamber is not filled with cooling liquid, the locking structure restricts the position of the floating plate 41. This can effectively prevent the floating plate 41 from being displaced randomly due to bumps and shaking during the transportation or maintenance of the device, or from affecting the subsequent inflation of the air bladder 32 and the alignment of the cooling liquid filling. However, when the air bladder 32 is inflated, the air bladder 32 will squeeze the locking structure, thereby releasing the restriction on the floating plate 41. This allows the floating plate 41 to move smoothly up and down along the limit frame 43 as the cooling liquid in the moving chamber is filled or discharged. This ensures that it can accurately fit the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201 to block the venting groove 205 when filled with water, and can be smoothly reset when drained, ensuring the normal operation of the auxiliary cooling unit.

[0030] like Figure 2 , Figures 7 to 10As shown, the auxiliary cooling unit includes a floating plate 41 and a water inlet ring 42. A certain space is reserved between the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201 and the bottom of the reaction tank 11 to form a movable cavity. The floating plate 41 is entirely placed inside the movable cavity. Multiple sets of limiting frames 43 are installed on the inner wall of the movable cavity. These limiting frames 43 are arranged vertically and evenly. The floating plate 41 is engaged between the multiple sets of limiting frames 43, and its edge is in contact with the slot of the limiting frame 43. It can move up and down along the movable cavity with the guidance of the multiple sets of limiting frames 43. During the movement, it can always maintain a horizontal state and will not tilt or deviate.

[0031] The inlet ring 42 has a ring-shaped structure and is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank 11. The outer side of the inlet ring 42 is connected to an external cooling liquid supply device through a connecting pipe, and the cooling liquid can be transported to the internal cavity of the inlet ring 42 through the connecting pipe. Multiple sets of inlet heads 44 are provided on the side of the inlet ring 42 facing the movable cavity. The multiple sets of inlet heads 44 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inlet ring 42 and all penetrate into the movable cavity. Their outlets are located below the floating plate 41, which can directly deliver cooling liquid to the bottom of the movable cavity. This allows the liquid level to be at the bottom of the floating plate 41, which can effectively allow the cooling liquid to accumulate evenly at the bottom of the movable cavity first. As the liquid level gradually rises, it drives the floating plate 41 to move upward smoothly. At the same time, the cooling liquid can pre-cool the bottom area of ​​the movable cavity, creating conditions for comprehensive heat dissipation when it comes into contact with the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201, and avoiding the situation where local areas experience lag in cooling due to uneven distribution of cooling liquid.

[0032] A drain section is also provided at the bottom of the reaction tank 11. The interface of the drain section is connected to the bottom area of ​​the movable chamber, allowing the liquid inside the movable chamber to be discharged outwards. Through the liquid inlet operation of the water inlet ring 42 and the liquid discharge operation of the drain section, the movable chamber can be in two modes: a water-filled state and a water-drained state. When the auxiliary cooling function needs to be activated, the external cooling liquid supply equipment is started, and the cooling liquid enters the movable chamber through the water inlet ring 42 and the water inlet head 44. The liquid level in the movable chamber rises, causing the floating plate 41 to move upwards. When auxiliary cooling is not required, the drain section is opened, the liquid in the movable chamber is discharged, and the floating plate 41 returns to its original position as the liquid level drops, thereby achieving targeted cooling of the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201.

[0033] When filled with water, the external cooling liquid supply equipment will deliver cooling liquid to the inlet ring 42 through the connecting pipe, and this liquid will enter the active chamber through the inlet head 44. The bottom of the reaction sleeve 201 has multiple sets of venting grooves 205. The cooling zone can be kept in communication with the moving chamber through the venting grooves 205. As the cooling liquid in the moving chamber is continuously filled, the liquid level gradually rises, and the floating plate 41 also moves upward until its top surface is completely in contact with the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201. At this time, the venting grooves 205 will be blocked by the floating plate 41, blocking the gas flow between the cooling zone and the moving chamber. For example, when an abnormal increase in pressure in the cooling zone is detected or the value of the radioactive gas sensor exceeds the safety threshold, high-pressure nitrogen is quickly filled into the reaction tank 11 and filled into the entire interior of the reaction tank 11 through the ventilation path. At the same time, the drainage section operates, causing the floating plate 41 to move downward, removing the blockage of the venting grooves 205, allowing nitrogen to enter the moving chamber and forming a more comprehensive protective atmosphere. This can not only replace the oxygen in the tank to prevent oxidation of high-temperature components, but also block the leakage of trace amounts of radioactive gas, reducing the possibility of its outward diffusion.

[0034] The drainage section is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device via a connecting pipe. During drainage, the drainage section discharges the cooling liquid from the movable chamber and then transports it to the external cooling liquid treatment device via the connecting pipe. The floating plate 41 gradually moves downwards as the liquid in the chamber is discharged until it returns to its initial position. The floating plate 41 has a slot, within which a first heat dissipation pipe 45 is installed. The first heat dissipation pipe 45 is connected to an inlet pipe 46 and an outlet pipe 47, both of which penetrate the cooling zone and are connected to the cooling components. A heat-conducting plate 48 is also provided on the opening of the slot; one side of the plate is in contact with the first heat dissipation pipe 45, while the other side contacts the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201 when the tank is filled with water, thus transferring heat for cooling. The drainage section includes a collection tank 51, which is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank 11. Multiple sets of drainage pipes 49 at the bottom of the reaction tank 11 are connected to the collection tank 51 via connecting pipes, allowing the movable chamber and the collection tank 51 to communicate.

[0035] At the end of the drain section at the bottom of the reaction tank 11, a filter element 52 is installed below the collection tank 51. The filter element 52 has a horizontal cylindrical structure, with a first connection port 53 and a second connection port 54 at its two axial ends. The bottom of the collection tank 51 has a drain port 55. The first connection port 53 is connected to the drain port 55 through a pipe, so that the internal channel of the filter element 52 is in communication with the collection tank 51. The cooling liquid discharged from the moving chamber can flow into the filter element 52 through the collection tank 51. The second connection port 54 is connected to external sewage treatment equipment through a pipeline, so that the filtered liquid that cannot be circulated can be transported to the corresponding equipment for treatment.

[0036] On one side of the second connection port 54, a first connecting pipe 56 is also connected to the outer wall of the filter element 52. One end of the first connecting pipe 56 is connected to the side wall interface of the filter element 52, and the other end is connected to the external water supply equipment through a connecting pipe. The diameter of the two ends of the first connecting pipe 56 is larger than the diameter of the middle section, thus forming a Venturi-type contraction and expansion structure. With the help of this structure, the first connecting pipe 56, together with the internal channel of the filter element 52 and the drain port 55 at the bottom of the collection tank 51, can form a flushing path. The water flow delivered by the external water supply equipment can flush the inside of the filter element 52 through this path.

[0037] A second connecting pipe 57 is also provided on the other side of the filter element 52 away from the first connecting pipe 56. The axis of the second connecting pipe 57 forms a certain angle with the axis of the filter element 52 itself, and is not horizontally coaxial. The outer end of the second connecting pipe 57 is connected to the external cooling liquid treatment equipment through a connecting pipe. It can form a filtration path together with the first connecting port 53 and the internal channel of the filter element 52. When the cooling liquid enters the filter element 52 from the collection tank 51 through the first connecting port 53, it will first pass through the internal filtration structure to intercept impurities, and then flow into the external cooling liquid treatment equipment through the second connecting pipe 57 to achieve preliminary filtration and recovery of the cooling liquid. The flushing path can be activated when the filter element 52 becomes clogged, and the impurities trapped inside are cleaned by high-speed water flow to ensure the long-term stable operation of the filter element 52.

[0038] Inside the filter element 52, a filter screen 58 is installed. The filter screen 58 has a tubular structure, and its axis is aligned with the axis of the filter element 52. It can cover the main flow area inside the filter element 52, enabling comprehensive interception of impurities in the flowing liquid. Based on the previously established rinsing and filtration paths, the filter element 52 can operate in two modes: rinsing and filtration, to adapt to different liquid treatment needs.

[0039] During the flushing process, the second connecting pipe 57 and the first connecting port 53 are closed. Liquid cannot flow into the filter element 52 from the first connecting port 53, nor can it be discharged from the second connecting pipe 57. An external water supply system is activated and flushing liquid is supplied to the flushing path. This liquid enters the filter element 52 through the first connecting pipe 56. Because the first connecting pipe 56 has a Venturi-type contraction-expansion structure, the liquid forms a high-speed water flow when passing through the middle section, which powerfully flushes the inner and outer walls of the tubular filter screen 58, removing impurities attached to it. After flushing, the liquid, carrying impurities, flows back to the collection tank 51 through the drain outlet 55, and is then transported through pipelines to an external wastewater treatment facility for centralized treatment of the impurities.

[0040] During filtration, the first connecting pipe 56 and the second connecting port 54 are closed, blocking the liquid flow in the flushing path and the discharge channel to the wastewater treatment equipment. The cooling liquid stored in the collection tank 51 enters the filtration path through the first connecting port 53. After entering the filter element 52, the liquid passes through the tubular filter screen 58, where mixed particulate impurities are trapped, allowing only clean cooling liquid to pass through. The filtered cooling liquid is then transported to an external cooling liquid treatment device via the second connecting pipe 57 and an external connecting pipe. After further treatment, it can be reused, realizing the recycling of cooling liquid and reducing resource consumption.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the cooling assembly includes two sets of heat sinks, which are symmetrically distributed within the cooling zone, allowing for cooling of the outer side of the reaction sleeve 201 from different directions. The sealing cover 601 is equipped with two sets of liquid inlet pipes 602, the outer ends of which are connected to external cooling liquid supply equipment. The inner ends of the two sets of liquid inlet pipes 602 are respectively connected to the two sets of heat sinks, supplying cooling medium to the heat sinks. One set of liquid inlet pipes 602 is also connected to an auxiliary cooling section via a connecting pipe, simultaneously supplying cooling liquid to the auxiliary cooling section. On both sides of the reaction tank 11, there is a set of liquid outlet pipes 603, the outer ends of which are connected to external cooling liquid processing equipment. The two sets of liquid outlet pipes 603 are respectively connected to the two sets of heat sinks, used to discharge the liquid that has completed heat exchange within the heat sinks. Simultaneously, one set of liquid outlet pipes 603 is also connected to the auxiliary cooling section, enabling the return of cooling liquid from the auxiliary cooling section.

[0042] Specifically, a set of liquid inlet pipes 602 corresponds to a set of heat dissipation components. One set of liquid inlet pipes 602 is not only connected to the heat dissipation components, but also connected to the water inlet pipe 46 of the first heat dissipation pipe 45 in the auxiliary heat dissipation section through a hose. Whether the water inlet pipe 46 and the water outlet pipe 47 are in the water filling state or in the water draining and filling state, the top of both is always located in the cooling zone. While realizing the delivery and return of cooling liquid to the first heat dissipation pipe 45, it also plays a guiding role for the floating plate 41.

[0043] A set of liquid outlet pipes 603 are provided on both sides of the reaction tank 11, and their outer ends are connected to external cooling liquid treatment equipment. The two sets of liquid outlet pipes 603 are respectively connected to two sets of heat dissipation components, which can discharge the liquid that has completed heat exchange in the first heat dissipation pipe 45 to the outside. At the same time, one set of liquid outlet pipes 603 is also connected to the auxiliary cooling section, specifically to the water outlet pipe 47 on the first heat dissipation pipe 45, so as to realize the directional return of the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling section and avoid the accumulation of cooling liquid in the moving chamber. The first heat dissipation pipe 45 is connected to one set of liquid inlet pipes 602 and one set of liquid outlet pipes 603 respectively, so as to realize the circulation of cooling liquid in the first heat dissipation pipe 45, effectively dissipating the heat transferred from the bottom of the reaction sleeve 201 to the floating plate 41, and enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the auxiliary cooling section.

[0044] Each heat sink consists of a mounting bracket 604 and a second heat dissipation conduit 605. The second heat dissipation conduit 605 is spirally arranged on the mounting bracket 604, with one end connected to the inlet pipe 602 and the other end connected to the outlet pipe 603. The cooling liquid can circulate within the conduit, achieving heat exchange with the outside of the reaction sleeve 201. The second heat dissipation conduit 605 is composed of multiple sets of vertical pipes and multiple sets of curved pipes, facilitating its installation on the mounting bracket 604. Inside the sealing cover 601, a partition 606 is provided. The partition 606 and the inner wall of the sealing cover 601 form a mounting cavity. A connecting rod 607 extends outward from the side of the mounting bracket 604 near the top. An arc-shaped groove 608 is provided on the partition 606 corresponding to the position of the connecting rod 607. The connecting rod 607 passes through the arc-shaped groove 608 and extends into the mounting cavity, and can move within the range of the arc-shaped groove 608.

[0045] The mounting cavity is also equipped with a gear ring 609, which is mounted on top of both sets of connecting rods 607, enabling the two sets of connecting rods 607 to move synchronously. When the gear ring 609 rotates, the connecting rods 607 move along the trajectory of the arc-shaped groove 608, thereby driving the mounting bracket 604 and the second heat dissipation duct 605 to rotate synchronously. This allows the second heat dissipation duct 605 to cover more of the outer area of ​​the reaction sleeve 201, avoiding cooling dead zones, improving the overall cooling effect, and making the temperature distribution on the outer side of the reaction sleeve 201 more uniform.

[0046] The cooling assembly also includes a support frame 610. Multiple sets of support legs 15 are evenly distributed around the bottom of the reaction vessel 11. These support legs 15 provide stable support for the entire reaction vessel 11, maintaining its upright operating posture and preventing it from tipping or shifting during operation. The support frame 610 is equipped with multiple sets of support rods 611 corresponding to the support legs 15. One end of each support rod 611 is firmly connected to the side wall of the support leg 15, while the other end extends towards the sealing cover 601, providing a stable mounting foundation for the support frame 610 with the support force of the support legs 15. A movable guide rail 612 is provided in the mounting cavity inside the sealing cover 601. The movable guide rail 612 is arranged in a ring shape, and its coverage area can be adapted to the rotation trajectory of the gear ring 609. An extension is provided on the side of the movable guide rail 612 facing the support frame 610. The extension passes through the side wall of the mounting cavity and connects to the top of the support frame 610, so that the movable guide rail 612 can obtain fixed support from the support frame 610, maintain its own position stability, and provide a reliable guiding foundation for the movement of subsequent components.

[0047] Multiple sets of pulleys are evenly arranged at the bottom edge of the gear ring 609. The pulleys are locked in the grooves of the moving guide rail 612. The gear ring 609 can be slidably connected to the moving guide rail 612 through the multiple sets of pulleys. This connection method can reduce the frictional resistance generated during the rotation of the gear ring 609, making its rotation smoother. A first motor is set on the top platform of the support frame 610. The first motor provides power to the entire rotating mechanism. A drive gear 613 is set in the mounting cavity at the position corresponding to the gear ring 609. The teeth of the drive gear 613 mesh with the teeth of the gear ring 609. The drive gear 613 is coaxially connected to the shaft end of the first motor through a connecting rod. When the first motor starts, the rotation of its shaft end is transmitted to the drive gear 613 through the connecting rod, causing the drive gear 613 to rotate synchronously. In turn, through meshing, the gear ring 609 rotates along the trajectory of the moving guide rail 612.

[0048] The specific motion mechanism involves the first motor rotating in both directions, causing the gear ring 609 to rotate back and forth along the circular trajectory of the moving guide rail 612. The heat sink, connected to the bottom connecting rod 607 of the gear ring 609, oscillates back and forth in a certain arc within the cooling zone as the gear ring 609 rotates. This oscillation not only drives airflow within the cooling zone, accelerating air exchange between the cooling zone and the outside environment, but also allows the second heat dissipation duct 605 on the heat sink to cover a larger area within the cooling zone, preventing localized insufficient heat dissipation. Simultaneously, it causes some sloshing of the coolant within the second heat dissipation duct 605, improving the contact efficiency between the coolant and the duct wall, enhancing heat exchange between the duct and the cooling zone, and resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution on the outside of the reaction sleeve 201. This further ensures the stable operation of the reactor 12 within the reaction zone and reduces various operational risks caused by excessively high local temperatures.

[0049] Both sides of the reaction vessel 11 are equipped with air inlet pipes 16, the outer ends of which can be connected to external gas source equipment to supply gas into the device. Corresponding to the air inlet pipes 16, ventilation pipes 206 are installed on both sides of the isolation sleeve 202. One end of the ventilation pipe 206 is connected to the protected area, and the other end extends into the cooling area, allowing the protected area and the cooling area to form a through channel, facilitating gas flow between the two areas. A protective cover 207 is installed at the top opening of the reaction sleeve 201, sealing the top edge of the reaction sleeve 201. Together, they form an independent reaction chamber, within which the reactor 12 is housed. The reaction chamber protects the reactor 12, reducing external interference with the nuclear reaction process and preventing the diffusion of some radioactive materials generated during the reaction.

[0050] The protective cover 207 is topped with a cover plate 208, which forms a sealed connection with the top surface of the protective cover 207, creating a suction chamber. Multiple sets of through slots 209 are evenly distributed around the periphery of the protective cover 207. These through slots 209 allow gas from the cooling zone to enter the suction chamber, maintaining communication between the suction chamber and the cooling zone. Inside the suction chamber is a fan blade 210. A second motor is mounted on the top surface of the cover plate 208, with its shaft passing through the cover plate 208 and coaxially connected to the fan blade 210. This motor drives the fan blade 210 to rotate at high speed, with the exhaust direction of the fan blade 210 pointing upwards, thus conveying the gas from the suction chamber upwards. When the second motor starts, the rotation of the fan blade 210 creates a negative pressure within the suction chamber, drawing gas from the cooling zone into the suction chamber through the through slots 209 and then expelling it upwards, thereby driving gas flow in the cooling zone and related areas.

[0051] The specific steps are as follows: Ventilation start-up preparation: First, open the electric gates in the air inlet pipe 16 and the air outlet pipe 614. The gas enters the protection zone of the reaction tank 11 through the air inlet pipe 16, and then gradually flows into the cooling zone through the ventilation pipe 206, completing the initial gas filling of the ventilation path inside the device.

[0052] Gas circulation driven by air extraction: The second motor at the top of the cover plate 208 is started, which drives the fan blades 210 in the air extraction chamber to rotate at high speed. The upward air output of the fan blades 210 will create a negative pressure in the air extraction chamber. Under the action of negative pressure, the gas in the cooling zone will enter the air extraction chamber through the multiple sets of through slots 209 around the protective cover 207.

[0053] Gas extraction and replacement: The gas entering the extraction chamber enters the installation cavity inside the sealing cover 601 through the ventilation pipe 211 on the cover plate 208, and is then discharged to the external waste gas treatment equipment through the air outlet pipes 614 on both sides of the sealing cover 601. At the same time, the external air source equipment continuously supplies new gas to the air inlet pipe 16 to realize the continuous replacement of the gas inside the device, which can not only remove some of the heat from the cooling zone, but also dilute any trace amounts of radioactive gas that may be present.

[0054] Emergency nitrogen protection (activated as needed): If an oxidation risk or abnormal radioactive gas concentration is detected in the cooling zone or protection zone, the electric gate will close and high-pressure nitrogen can be injected into the ventilation path through the connecting pipe on the air inlet pipe 16. The nitrogen will fill the inside of the device along the ventilation path, replacing the internal oxygen and blocking the diffusion of radioactive gas. The normal ventilation mode will be restored after the risk is eliminated.

[0055] Multiple ventilation pipes 211 are installed through the cover plate 208. One end of each ventilation pipe 211 extends into the installation cavity inside the sealing cover 601, while the other end connects to the extraction cavity, allowing the extraction cavity to communicate with the installation cavity via the ventilation pipes 211. Exhaust pipes 614 are installed on both sides of the sealing cover 601 corresponding to the positions of the inlet pipes 16. The inner end of the exhaust pipe 614 connects to the installation cavity, while the outer end connects to external waste gas treatment equipment. External gas can sequentially enter the protected area through the inlet pipe 16, then flow into the cooling area through the ventilation pipe 206, subsequently enter the extraction cavity through the through groove 209, enter the installation cavity through the ventilation pipes 211, and finally exit the device through the exhaust pipe 614, thus forming a complete ventilation path. This allows for the replacement and circulation of gas inside the device, carrying away some heat and any trace amounts of radioactive gas.

[0056] Both the outlet duct 614 and the inlet duct 16 are equipped with electric dampers and dust filters. The electric dampers control the flow of the pipes, opening during normal operation to ensure gas circulation and closing when the device is shut down or malfunctions to create a sealed space. The dust filters trap dust and impurities from the outside air, preventing them from entering the device and affecting its operation. The inlet duct 16 is also equipped with a connecting pipe that can be connected to an external high-pressure nitrogen supply system. This allows high-pressure nitrogen to be introduced into the ventilation path. The nitrogen replaces the oxygen inside the device, reducing the oxygen concentration and thus inhibiting oxidation reactions in components under high-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, the nitrogen also provides some barrier against potential leaks of radioactive gases, reducing the probability of their escape.

[0057] By using a ventilation path during nitrogen filling, the nitrogen can be evenly filled inside the device along the entire path from the inlet pipe 16, through the protected area, ventilation pipe 206, cooling area, extraction chamber, ventilation pipe 211, installation chamber to the outlet pipe 614, gradually squeezing and displacing the air and oxygen in each area. Simultaneously, the nitrogen flow covers every corner of critical areas such as the protected area and cooling area, avoiding any nitrogen filling dead zones and ensuring that the oxygen concentration in all parts of the device is reduced to a safe range that inhibits oxidation. For any trace amounts of radioactive gas that may leak, the stable airflow formed by the nitrogen can carry it to the outlet pipe 614 for discharge, further reducing the risk of radioactive gas remaining inside the device or escaping, providing comprehensive gas protection for the device's operation.

[0058] The protective section within the protected area comprises multiple sets of protective outer shells 17, arranged in a ring along the outer side of the isolation sleeve 202. The inner side of each protective outer shell 17 is sealed to the outer wall of the isolation sleeve 202, together forming an independent protective cavity. The protective cavity is filled with a mixed shielding material of zirconium boride particles and lead alloy powder. The zirconium boride particles efficiently absorb neutrons produced by the nuclear reaction, while the lead alloy powder effectively attenuates gamma rays. Their synergistic effect provides double shielding against radiation leakage from the reaction cavity, reducing the impact of radiation on the external environment and equipment, and providing radiation protection for the operation of the device.

[0059] Multiple detection groups are deployed within the cooling and protection zones of the device. These groups include radioactive gas sensors and pressure sensors. The radioactive gas sensors monitor the concentration of radioactive gases in the area in real time, issuing an alert if the concentration exceeds safe limits, allowing personnel to take timely countermeasures. Berthold BAI 9109-4 radioactive gas sensors are suitable. The pressure sensors provide real-time feedback on the gas pressure within the area, helping to assess the device's sealing performance and the flow of air through ventilation paths. This ensures the device remains within a safe operating pressure range, providing data monitoring support for the stable conduct of the nuclear reaction. EFE PNA161 pressure sensors are suitable.

[0060] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and its advantages. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments.

Claims

1. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus, comprising a reaction vessel (11), characterized in that: The reaction vessel (11) is provided with a reaction sleeve (201) and an isolation sleeve (202). The bottom of the reaction sleeve (201) is connected to the reaction vessel (11) through a fixing part. The isolation sleeve (202) is sleeved on the reaction sleeve (201) and one end is connected to the reaction sleeve (201). A reaction zone is formed inside the reaction sleeve (201), and the reactor (12) is placed inside the reaction zone. A cooling zone is formed between the inner side of the isolation sleeve (202) and the outer side of the reaction sleeve (201), and a cooling component is provided in the cooling zone. A protection zone is formed between the outer side of the isolation sleeve (202) and the inner side of the reaction tank (11), and a protection part is provided in the protection zone. A radial concentric nested structure is formed through the reaction zone, the cooling zone and the protection zone, and the reaction zone is located in the central area of ​​the radial concentric nested structure. The top of the reaction vessel (11) is provided with a sealing cover (601), and the two are connected to form a main cavity. The reaction sleeve (201) and the isolation sleeve (202) are both located in the main cavity, and multiple sets of detection groups are provided in the main cavity. The multiple sets of detection groups are located in the cooling zone and the protection zone, respectively. The reaction vessel (11) is equipped with a ventilation path and an auxiliary cooling section at the bottom.

2. The nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing part includes multiple sets of fixing plates (31), the bottom of the reaction sleeve (201) is provided with a connecting sleeve (203), the reaction tank (11) is provided with a positioning sleeve (13), and the positioning sleeve (13) passes through the connecting sleeve (203); Multiple sets of fixing plates (31) are installed inside the positioning sleeve (13) and are symmetrically distributed. An airbag (32) is provided on the outside of the fixing plate (31). Multiple sets of through grooves (14) are opened on the positioning sleeve (13). The cross-section of the connecting sleeve (203) is L-shaped and a positioning groove (204) is formed between it and the reaction sleeve (201). The airbag (32) passes through the through groove (14) and is locked in the positioning groove (204) and connected to an external air pump. Both ends of the airbag (32) are provided with extension bodies (33), and the arc length of the airbag (32) through the extension body (33) is greater than the arc length of the through groove (14).

3. The nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary cooling unit includes a floating plate (41) and a water inlet ring (42). A movable cavity is formed between the reaction sleeve (201) and the bottom of the reaction tank (11). The floating plate (41) is located in the movable cavity, and multiple sets of limiting frames (43) are provided on the inner wall of the movable cavity. The floating plate (41) is locked between the multiple sets of limiting frames (43). The floating plate (41) moves up and down along the movable cavity through the multiple sets of limiting frames (43). The water inlet ring (42) is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank (11). The water inlet ring (42) is connected to the external cooling liquid supply equipment through a connecting pipe. The water inlet ring (42) is provided with multiple sets of water inlet heads (44). The water inlet heads (44) pass through the movable cavity and are located below the floating plate (41). The bottom of the reaction vessel (11) is provided with a drainage section, and the water inlet ring (42) and the drainage section are arranged to form a water-filled state and a water-drained state.

4. The nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the water is filled, the external cooling liquid supply equipment transports cooling liquid to the inlet ring (42) through the connecting pipe, and the cooling liquid enters the active chamber through the inlet head (44); The bottom of the reaction sleeve (201) has multiple sets of ventilation grooves (205). The cooling zone is connected to the movable cavity through the multiple sets of ventilation grooves (205). As the cooling liquid in the movable cavity is filled, the floating plate (41) gradually moves upward until it contacts the bottom of the reaction sleeve (201) and blocks the ventilation grooves (205). The drainage section is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device through a connecting pipe. The drainage state is that the cooling liquid in the active cavity is transported to the external cooling liquid treatment device through the connecting pipe via the drainage section. As the cooling liquid is discharged, the floating plate (41) gradually moves downward until it returns to its original position. The floating plate (41) is provided with a slot, and a first heat dissipation pipe (45) is provided in the slot. The first heat dissipation pipe (45) is provided with an inlet pipe (46) and an outlet pipe (47), both of which are installed in the cooling zone and connected to the cooling component. A heat-conducting plate (48) is provided on the opening surface of the slot. One side of the heat-conducting plate (48) is in contact with the first heat dissipation pipe (45), and the other side is in contact with the bottom of the reaction sleeve (201) when it is filled with water. The drainage section includes a collection tank (51), which is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank (11). The bottom of the reaction tank (11) is provided with multiple sets of drainage pipes (49). The drainage pipes (49) are connected to the collection tank (51) through connecting pipes, and the movable cavity is connected to the collection tank (51).

5. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter element (52) is provided below the collection tank (51). A first connection port (53) and a second connection port (54) are respectively provided at both ends of the filter element (52). A drain outlet (55) is provided at the bottom of the collection tank (51). The first connection port (53) is connected to the drain outlet (55). The filter element (52) is in communication with the collection tank (51). The second connection port (54) is connected to an external sewage treatment device. A first connecting pipe (56) is provided on one side of the second connection port (54). One end of the first connecting pipe (56) is connected to the filter element (52), and the other end is connected to the external water supply equipment through the connecting pipe. The diameters at both ends of the first connecting pipe (56) are larger than the diameter of the middle section, forming a Venturi-type contraction and expansion structure. A flushing path is formed through the first connecting pipe (56), the filter element (52), and the drain outlet (55). A second connecting pipe (57) is provided on one side of the filter element (52). The axis of the second connecting pipe (57) forms an angle with the axis of the filter element (52). The second connecting pipe (57) is connected to an external cooling liquid treatment device through a connecting pipe. A filtration path is formed with the filter element (52) and the second connecting pipe (57) through the first connecting port (53).

6. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter element (52) is provided with a filter screen (58), which is tubular in shape. The axis of the filter screen (58) coincides with the axis of the filter element (52). The rinsing path and the filtration path are set to form a rinsing state and a filtration state. The flushing state is indicated by the second connecting pipe (57) and the first connecting port (53) being in a closed state. The flushing liquid is transported to the flushing path through the external water supply equipment, and then transported to the external sewage treatment equipment from the flushing path. The filtration state is indicated by the first connecting pipe (56) and the second connecting port (54) being in a closed state. The cooling liquid in the collection tank (51) enters the filtration path through the first connecting port (53). After passing through the filtration path, it is transported to the external cooling liquid treatment equipment by the second connecting pipe (57) and the connecting pipe.

7. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly includes two sets of heat dissipation components, which are symmetrically distributed. The sealing cover (601) is provided with two sets of inlet pipes (602) with one end connected to an external cooling liquid supply device. The two sets of inlet pipes (602) are respectively connected to the two sets of heat dissipation components. One set of inlet pipes (602) is also connected to the auxiliary cooling unit through a connecting pipe. The reaction tank (11) is provided with an outlet pipe (603) on each side, which is connected to an external cooling liquid processing device. The two sets of outlet pipes (603) are respectively connected to the heat dissipation components. One set of outlet pipes (603) is also connected to the auxiliary cooling unit. The heat sink includes a mounting bracket (604) and a second heat sink (605). The second heat sink (605) is mounted on the mounting bracket (604). One end of the second heat sink (605) is connected to the liquid inlet pipe (602), and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (603). A partition (606) is provided inside the sealing cover (601), and an installation cavity is formed between the partition (606) and the sealing cover (601). A connecting rod (607) is provided on one side of the mounting bracket (604). An arc-shaped groove (608) is opened on the partition (606) corresponding to the connecting rod (607). The connecting rod (607) passes through the arc-shaped groove (608) and extends into the installation cavity. A gear ring (609) is provided inside the mounting cavity, and the gear ring (609) is installed on the top of the two sets of connecting rods (607).

8. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling assembly also includes a support frame (610). Multiple sets of support legs (15) are arranged around the reaction vessel (11). The support frame (610) is provided with multiple sets of support rods (611) corresponding to the support legs (15). One end of the support rod (611) is connected to the support leg (15). A movable guide rail (612) is provided in the mounting cavity. The movable guide rail (612) is arranged in a ring. An extension is provided on the movable guide rail (612). The extension passes through the mounting cavity and is connected to the support frame (610). The bottom of the gear ring (609) is provided with multiple sets of pulleys, which are locked in the movable guide rail (612). The gear ring (609) is slidably connected to the movable guide rail (612) through multiple sets of pulleys. A first motor is provided on the support frame (610). A drive gear (613) is provided in the mounting cavity. The drive gear (613) meshes with the gear ring (609) and is connected to the shaft end of the first motor through a connecting rod.

9. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reaction tank (11) is provided with air inlet pipes (16) on both sides, and the isolation sleeve (202) is provided with ventilation pipes (206) on both sides. The protected area is connected to the cooling area through the ventilation pipes (206). The top of the reaction sleeve (201) is provided with a protective cover (207). The reaction sleeve (201) and the protective cover (207) are connected to form a reaction chamber, and the reactor (12) is located in the reaction chamber. The protective cover (207) is provided with a cover plate (208) on the top, and the two are connected to form an air extraction chamber. Multiple sets of through slots (209) are opened on the periphery of the protective cover (207). The air extraction chamber is connected to the cooling zone through the through slots (209). A fan blade (210) is provided in the air extraction chamber. A second motor is provided on the top of the cover plate (208). The shaft end of the second motor is connected to the fan blade (210). The air outlet direction of the fan blade (210) is upward. The cover plate (208) is provided with multiple sets of ventilation pipes (211). One end of the ventilation pipe (211) extends into the installation cavity. The air extraction cavity is connected to the installation cavity through the ventilation pipe (211). Air outlet pipes (614) are provided on both sides of the sealing cover (601). A ventilation path is formed by the air inlet pipe (16), the protective zone, the ventilation pipe (206), the cooling zone, the air extraction cavity, the ventilation pipe (211), the installation cavity, and the air outlet pipe (614). Both the air outlet pipe (614) and the air inlet pipe (16) are equipped with electric gates and dustproof nets. The air inlet pipe (16) is equipped with a connecting pipe for filling the ventilation path with high-pressure nitrogen to replace oxygen and inhibit oxidation reaction.

10. A nuclear energy production reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective part includes multiple sets of protective shells (17), the protective shells (17) are connected to the isolation sleeve (202) to form a protective cavity, and the protective cavity is filled with a mixed shielding material of zirconium boride particles and lead alloy powder; The detection group includes a radioactive gas sensor and a pressure sensor.

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