Miniaturized heterogeneously integrated switched filter bank

Abstract

This invention provides a miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switched filter bank, belonging to the field of integrated switched filter bank technology. This invention identifies the operating and isolation terms by combining the mutual inductance coefficients between the switched filter banks, achieving system miniaturization while reducing unnecessary computation and hardware power consumption, thus meeting the system's requirement for rapid response. Furthermore, by calculating the total isolation from both signal isolation and weighting coefficients, it ensures that optimization is prioritized for branches with stronger mutual inductance during adjustment, thereby improving system robustness. Finally, by comparing the theoretical isolation with the actual monitored signal isolation and adjusting the capacitance value in a two-step feedback manner, it not only effectively eliminates the influence of component tolerances and temperature drift but also ensures that interference signals are effectively absorbed to ground, thus greatly improving the anti-interference capability of the entire filter bank in complex scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated switch filter bank technology, specifically a miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switch filter bank. Background Technology

[0002] Heterogeneous integration technology significantly improves system integration density by compactly packaging RF chips made of different materials and using different processes with logic control units. However, within extremely limited physical space, the microstrip lines and circuit components between the switching filter branches are very close, resulting in a significant increase in spatial electromagnetic coupling effects.

[0003] In existing technologies, common electromagnetic interference suppression methods usually rely on increasing the physical isolation distance or setting up a metal shielding structure. This not only goes against the original design intention of miniaturizing the system, but also, due to the complex electromagnetic characteristics of different dielectric materials in heterogeneous integrated environments, physical shielding often fails to achieve the ideal isolation effect in high-frequency scenarios.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank, specifically comprising: Mutual inductance calculation module, which is used to calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between two different sets of switching filters, and to calculate the corresponding coupling impedance through the mutual inductance coefficient; The state recognition module is used to identify several other switching filters that have the greatest impact on a certain switching filter when the switching filter is in the working state, and to define the switching filter in the working state and other switching filters as working items and several isolation items respectively. An isolation monitoring module is used to collect the output signals of the work item and each group of isolation items in real time, calculate the signal isolation degree between the work item and each group of isolation items based on the two output signals, and perform weighted processing on the signal isolation degree to generate the total isolation degree. The feedback adjustment module is used to adjust the capacitance value of each isolation term and maximize the total isolation between the working term and the isolation term by minimizing the input impedance of each isolation term.

[0007] Preferably, the switching filter banks are all series LC resonant circuit structures, the mutual inductance coefficient is calculated using the Neumann formula, and the coupling impedance is a complex impedance, calculated according to the frequency domain form of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

[0008] Preferably, the logic for defining work items and isolation items is as follows: Each group of switching filters is assumed to be in an active state and defined as an active item. For each working item, calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between that working item and other switching filters; The mutual inductance coefficient is compared with a preset mutual inductance threshold, and other switching filters with mutual inductance coefficients not lower than the mutual inductance threshold are defined as isolation terms.

[0009] Preferably, the output signal collected by the isolation monitoring module includes the output power of the working item in the working state and the leakage power of the isolation item in the off state.

[0010] Preferably, the signal isolation is expressed in decibels, and the decibel value is proportional to the difference in output power between the working item and the isolation item in logarithmic coordinates; the total isolation is the weighted sum of the signal isolation between all isolation items and the working item, and the weighting coefficient is the normalized value of the mutual inductance coefficient between the corresponding isolation item and the working item.

[0011] Preferably, the working logic of the feedback adjustment module is as follows: First, identify the operating frequency of the working item. Then, adjust the capacitance of the isolation item to minimize the difference between the resonant frequency of the isolation item and the operating frequency of the working item. Calculate the input impedance of the isolation term at the resonant frequency, and calculate the theoretical isolation degree based on the input impedance, output impedance, and coupling impedance of the isolation term. Calculate the error between the theoretical isolation and the signal isolation for each isolation term, and adjust the capacitance of the isolation term a second time with the goal of minimizing the error.

[0012] Preferably, the input impedance is minimized when the resonant frequency is the same as the operating frequency.

[0013] Preferably, the theoretical isolation is in decibels, and the decibel value is proportional to the coupling impedance in logarithmic coordinates and inversely proportional to the sum of the input impedance and the output impedance.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention identifies the operating and isolation terms by combining the mutual inductance coefficients between the switching filter banks, and accurately locates the main sources of interference based on the magnitude of the mutual inductance coefficients. This achieves system miniaturization while reducing unnecessary computation and hardware power consumption, thus meeting the system's requirement for rapid response. Furthermore, by calculating the total isolation from both signal isolation and weighting coefficients, it ensures that optimization is prioritized for branches with stronger mutual inductance during adjustment, reducing the risk of system oscillation and improving system robustness. Finally, by comparing the theoretical isolation with the actual monitored signal isolation in real time, and adjusting the capacitance value accordingly through a two-step feedback adjustment—from quickly locking the resonant point to accurately compensating for errors—it effectively eliminates the effects of component tolerances and temperature drift, and ensures that interference signals are effectively absorbed to ground, thereby significantly improving the anti-interference capability of the entire filter bank in complex scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall modular structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0018] Example: Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank specifically includes: a mutual inductance calculation module, a state recognition module, an isolation monitoring module, and a feedback adjustment module.

[0019] The mutual inductance calculation module is used to calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between two different sets of switching filters, and to calculate the corresponding coupling impedance based on the mutual inductance coefficient.

[0020] All switched filter banks are series LC resonant circuit structures. The mutual inductance coefficient is calculated using the Neumann formula, which is as follows: In the formula Indicates the first The first switching filter and the first Mutual inductance coefficient between the switching filters , These represent the vacuum permeability and the equivalent permeability of the heteromaterial, respectively. For standard non-magnetic substrates, such as silicon and gallium arsenide, the equivalent permeability is approximately 1. For heterolayers containing ferrite or magnetic thin films, the equivalent permeability is typically between 2 and 50. For heterolayers encapsulated in epoxy resin with doped magnetic particles, the equivalent permeability is typically between 1.1 and 1.5, depending on the specific heteromaterial. , They represent the first The first switching filter and the first The length of the microstrip line of a single switched filter. , They represent the first The first switching filter and the first The length of a switching filter is a micro-element. Indicates the first The first switching filter and the first Spatial distance between individual switched filters, subscript , Both represent the indices of the switched filter; The coupling impedance is a complex impedance, calculated in the frequency domain form according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Its formula is: In the formula Indicates the coupling impedance. Represents the imaginary unit. This represents the angular frequency of the signal, i.e. , This represents the operating frequency of the signal, also known as the center frequency. It's understandable that miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter banks are typically used in high-frequency scenarios (such as 5G millimeter-wave signals). In this scenario, the complex impedance in the coupling impedance increases linearly with frequency, far exceeding the coupling resistance generated by the heterogeneous material packaging (equivalent to the real part of the coupling impedance). Therefore, to improve calculation speed, it is ignored here, and only the complex impedance related to the signal frequency is considered, which is equivalent to the high-Q approximation in RF engineering.

[0021] The state recognition module is used to identify several other switching filters that have the greatest impact on a certain switching filter when it is in the working state, and to define the working switching filter and other switching filters as working items and several isolation items respectively.

[0022] The logic for defining work items and isolation items is as follows: Each group of switching filters is assumed to be in an active state and defined as an active item. For each working item, calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between that working item and other switching filters; The mutual inductance coefficient is compared with a preset mutual inductance threshold, and other switching filters with mutual inductance coefficients not lower than the mutual inductance threshold are defined as isolation terms.

[0023] In complex heterogeneous integrated chips, there may be many sets of switching filters. Adjusting the capacitance of all switching filters would result in a large amount of computation and high power consumption. Therefore, in this step, a threshold screening method is used to select the more critical switching filters as isolation terms, thereby greatly reducing the amount of computation and power consumption and improving the system's response speed.

[0024] The isolation monitoring module is used to collect the output signals of the work item and each isolation item in real time, calculate the signal isolation degree between the work item and each isolation item based on the two output signals, and perform weighted processing on the signal isolation degree to generate the total isolation degree.

[0025] The output signals collected by the isolation monitoring module include the output power of the working item in the working state and the leakage power of the isolation item in the off state.

[0026] Signal isolation is expressed in decibels (dB), and the decibel value is proportional to the difference in output power between the operating term and the isolation term in logarithmic coordinates. The formula for calculating this is: In the formula Indicates signal isolation. , These represent the output power of the working term and the isolation term, respectively. The total isolation is the weighted sum of the signal isolation between all isolation items and the operational item, and its calculation formula is: In the formula Indicates the total isolation. , They represent the first The signal isolation degree and weighting coefficient of each isolation term relative to the working term, subscript Index representing the isolated item, This represents the total number of isolation items, where the weighting coefficient is the normalized value of the mutual inductance coefficient between the corresponding isolation item and the work item, i.e.: In the formula Indicates the first The mutual inductance coefficient of each isolation item relative to the work item.

[0027] In this step, by weighting the signal isolation of different isolation terms, the subsequent adjustment process can prioritize the adjustment of isolation terms with stronger mutual inductance. This not only speeds up the adjustment process but also reduces the risk of system oscillation and improves the robustness of the system.

[0028] The feedback adjustment module is used to adjust the capacitance value of each isolation term, thereby maximizing the overall isolation between the working term and the isolation term by minimizing the input impedance of each isolation term.

[0029] The working logic of the feedback adjustment module is as follows: First, identify the operating frequency of the active term. Then, adjust the capacitance of the isolation term to minimize the difference between the resonant frequency of the isolation term and the operating frequency of the active term. Theoretically, the input impedance is minimized when the resonant frequency and the operating frequency are the same. In the formula Indicates the resonant frequency. , These represent the inductance and initial capacitance values ​​of the isolation term, respectively. This indicates the capacitance adjustment amount (which can be achieved by controlling the capacitor array through CMOS logic circuitry).

[0030] Calculate the input impedance of the isolation term at the resonant frequency. The formula for its calculation is: The theoretical isolation is calculated based on the input impedance, output impedance, and coupling impedance of the isolation term. The theoretical isolation is expressed in decibels (dB), and the DB value is directly proportional to the coupling impedance in logarithmic coordinates and inversely proportional to the sum of the input and output impedances. The formula is as follows: Calculate the error between the theoretical isolation and the signal isolation for each isolation term, and adjust the capacitance of the isolation term a second time with the goal of minimizing the error.

[0031] Understandably, in theoretical cases, this can be achieved by changing the capacitance adjustment amount. By making the resonant frequency the same as the operating frequency, the input impedance can be reduced. Theoretically, it is 0 (similar to coupling impedance, ignoring the real part). At this point, the actual signal isolation obtained by this isolation term is... And theoretical isolation All values ​​are maximum and theoretically equal. This isolation term acts as a virtual ground for interference signals, absorbing them (similar to a notch filter) and preventing crosstalk to the operating term. Adjusting the capacitance value is equivalent to quickly locking the resonant point using a formula, allowing the isolation term to quickly enter the theoretically low impedance range. However, in practical engineering applications, due to factors such as capacitor tolerances and temperature drift, the theoretical capacitance adjustment may differ from the actual adjustment in the circuit (for example, theoretically opening 5 capacitors increases capacitance by 10pF, but in practice only 8pF). In this case, the detected signal isolation at the resonant point... And theoretical isolation This will also result in differences. Therefore, the capacitance value needs to be adjusted a second time to minimize the difference between the two, that is, to maximize the isolation of the detected signal. To maximize the isolation effect of the isolation item, the theoretical maximum value should be achieved.

[0032] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0033] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0034] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0035] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: Mutual inductance calculation module, which is used to calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between two different sets of switching filters, and to calculate the corresponding coupling impedance through the mutual inductance coefficient; The state recognition module is used to identify several other switching filters that have the greatest impact on a certain switching filter when the switching filter is in the working state, and to define the switching filter in the working state and other switching filters as working items and several isolation items respectively. An isolation monitoring module is used to collect the output signals of the work item and each group of isolation items in real time, calculate the signal isolation degree between the work item and each group of isolation items based on the two output signals, and perform weighted processing on the signal isolation degree to generate the total isolation degree. The feedback adjustment module is used to adjust the capacitance value of each isolation term and maximize the total isolation between the working term and the isolation term by minimizing the input impedance of each isolation term.

2. The miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switched filter banks are all series LC resonant circuit structures. The mutual inductance coefficient is calculated using the Neumann formula. The coupling impedance is a complex impedance and is calculated in the frequency domain form according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

3. The miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic for defining work items and isolation items is as follows: Each group of switching filters is assumed to be in an active state and defined as an active item. For each working item, calculate the mutual inductance coefficient between that working item and other switching filters; The mutual inductance coefficient is compared with a preset mutual inductance threshold, and other switching filters with mutual inductance coefficients not lower than the mutual inductance threshold are defined as isolation terms.

4. The miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output signals collected by the isolation monitoring module include the output power of the working item in the working state and the leakage power of the isolation item in the off state.

5. A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal isolation is expressed in decibels, and the decibel value is proportional to the difference in output power between the working item and the isolation item in logarithmic coordinates. The total isolation is the weighted sum of the signal isolation between all isolation items and the working item, and the weighting coefficient is the normalized value of the mutual inductance coefficient between the corresponding isolation item and the working item.

6. A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working logic of the feedback adjustment module is as follows: First, identify the operating frequency of the working item. Then, adjust the capacitance of the isolation item to minimize the difference between the resonant frequency of the isolation item and the operating frequency of the working item. Calculate the input impedance of the isolation term at the resonant frequency, and calculate the theoretical isolation degree based on the input impedance, output impedance, and coupling impedance of the isolation term. Calculate the error between the theoretical isolation and the signal isolation for each isolation term, and adjust the capacitance of the isolation term a second time with the goal of minimizing the error.

7. A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The input impedance is minimized when the resonant frequency is the same as the operating frequency.

8. A miniaturized heterogeneous integrated switching filter bank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The theoretical isolation is expressed in decibels, and the decibel value is directly proportional to the coupling impedance in logarithmic coordinates and inversely proportional to the sum of the input impedance and the output impedance.

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