A pigeon intestinal tract repair and antiviral immunity traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This application discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons, its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine technology. This traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons comprises the following components by weight: 5-10 parts Sophora flavescens, 6-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 3-8 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2-4 parts Lonicera japonica, 2-4 parts Forsythia suspensa, 1-4 parts Coptis chinensis, 3-6 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 2-6 parts Ligusticum chuanxiong, 1-6 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 3-8 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 5-10 parts Isatis indigotica, 3-6 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 2-6 parts Buffalo horn, 2-6 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 2-6 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 5-15 parts Three Needles (charred), 2-10 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 6-12 parts Lonicera japonica, 6-12 parts Pteris multifida, 4-10 parts Artemisia annua, 4-10 parts Atractylodes lancea, 4-14 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 6-12 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 2-5 parts Prunus armeniaca, 2-8 parts Epimedium brevicornu, and 2-5 parts Rhodiola rosea. By limiting the composition and ratio of the ingredients, the various medicinal materials complement each other in terms of their cold and heat properties and work together to break through the limitations of conventional Chinese medicine's single heat-clearing function. It can simultaneously improve viral infections, watery enteritis, and emaciation, and is suitable for use in the feed of meat pigeons and racing pigeons at all stages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons, its preparation method and application, which belongs to the field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intensive and large-scale pigeon farming, mixed infections of pigeon adenovirus and pigeon circovirus have become a major and prevalent disease in the industry. The two viruses often cause disease in tandem. Circovirus can directly cause atrophy of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius in pigeons, inducing systemic immunodeficiency, leading to a significant decrease in the body's ability to respond to vaccines, insufficient antibody titers for Newcastle disease and adenovirus vaccines, and a significant increase in the probability of secondary enteritis, coccidiosis, and salmonella infections. Affected pigeons generally exhibit lethargy, vomiting and food loss, yellow-green watery diarrhea, emaciation, and disordered molting. The mortality rate of young and juvenile pigeons is significantly increased, and the egg production and hatching rate of breeding pigeons decrease, causing continuous economic losses to the pigeon farming industry.

[0003] Currently, mainstream prevention and control measures mainly include chemical drug control and vaccination. However, the use of chemical drugs easily induces drug resistance in viruses and bacteria, and drug accumulation and residues cannot meet the requirements for antibiotic-free market entry in pigeons. Antibiotics severely damage the pigeon's inherent beneficial gut flora, further exacerbating immunosuppression. They can only control secondary infections in the short term and cannot repair damaged immune organs. After discontinuation of medication, the disease is prone to recurrence, leading to immune metabolic disorders and feather burn. Vaccination also has limitations. Existing pigeon-specific vaccines cover a limited number of diseases, and there is no mature commercially available full-valent vaccine for porcine circovirus. In mixed infection scenarios, adenovirus vaccines alone provide insufficient protection. Furthermore, immunosuppressed pigeons respond extremely poorly to vaccination, failing to produce effective protective antibodies, posing a risk of widespread immunization failure.

[0004] In this context, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations for veterinary use have become the mainstream antibiotic-free alternative. However, existing TCM veterinary medicines generally have limited efficacy and technical limitations. First, existing formulations are mostly for poultry, using general antiviral formulas that do not target the immune deficiencies induced by porcine circovirus and secondary damage to the digestive tract, resulting in poor specificity. Furthermore, they cannot simultaneously achieve the triple effects of antiviral, immune repair, and diarrhea prevention and intestinal protection.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation that can simultaneously achieve multiple effects such as inhibiting viral infection, repairing immune organs, improving watery droppings in pigeons with enteritis, repairing virus-induced secondary intestinal damage, and enhancing the overall immune level of pigeons. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity, along with its preparation method and application, is provided. This TCM preparation specifies the composition and proportions of each herb. Specifically, honeysuckle, forsythia, and coptis clear heat and suppress toxins; *Diburong* and *Zishen* target and inhibit immunodeficiency viruses; astragalus, codonopsis, and rhodiola strengthen the body and repair the thymus and bursa of Fabricius, improving immunosuppression; *Diyutan* charcoal and *Guanzhongtan* charcoal astringe and stop diarrhea; *Qinghao* and *Cangzhu* expel parasites and remove dampness; gypsum, scrophularia, and buffalo horn clear away deficiency heat; apricot kernel moistens the lungs and relieves asthma; and *Cangzhu*, licorice root tip, and *Epimedium* improve intestinal metabolism and enhance the body's metabolic level. The synergistic effect of each component, with its balanced combination of cold and hot properties, can inhibit viral infection, alleviate watery diarrhea and emaciation in sick pigeons, enhance basic immunity, and reduce the probability of secondary infections. It is suitable for long-term feeding to pigeons via mixing with feed.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity is provided, comprising the following components by weight: 5-10 parts of Sophora flavescens, 6-12 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 3-8 parts of Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2-4 parts of Lonicera japonica, 2-4 parts of Forsythia suspensa, 1-4 parts of Coptis chinensis, 3-6 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 2-6 parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 1-6 parts of Ganoderma lucidum, and 3-8 parts of Ganoderma lucidum. 5-10 parts of Isatis root, 3-6 parts of Scrophularia root, 2-6 parts of buffalo horn, 2-6 parts of Dryopteris crassirhizoma charcoal, 2-6 parts of Sanguisorba officinalis, 5-15 parts of Three Needles charcoal, 2-10 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 6-12 parts of Lonicera japonica vine, 6-12 parts of Pteris multifida, 4-10 parts of Artemisia annua, 4-10 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 4-14 parts of Gypsum, 6-12 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis tip, 2-5 parts of Prunus armeniaca, 2-8 parts of Epimedium, and 2-5 parts of Rhodiola rosea.

[0008] Specifically, by weight parts, it includes the following components: Sophora flavescens can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Andrographis paniculata can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts; Sanguisorba officinalis carbonized can be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts; Lonicera japonica can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts; Forsythia suspensa can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts; Coptis chinensis can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts; Codonopsis pilosula can be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Astragalus membranaceus can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Salvia przewalskii can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Stephania epigaea can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Ganoderma applanatum can be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts; Isatis indigotica can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Scrophularia ningpoensis can be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Buffalo horn can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Dryopteris crassirhizoma carbonized can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Sanguisorba officinalis can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts; Berberis soulieana carbonized can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts; Scutellaria baicalensis can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Lonicera japonica stem can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts; Pteris multifida can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts; Artemisia annua can be 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Atractylodes lancea can be 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; Gypsum fibrosum can be 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts; Glycyrrhiza uralensis梢 can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts; Prunus armeniaca can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts; Epimedium brevicornu can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts; Rhodiola rosea can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts.

[0009] Specifically, this application limits the composition and proportion of components. Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, and Rhodiola rosea replenish qi and strengthen the foundation to repair damaged immune organs; Stephania epigaea and Salvia przewalskii target and eliminate latent immunodeficiency viruses, compensating for the shortcomings of conventional qi-tonifying herbs; Multiple carbonized herbs astringe and repair damaged intestinal mucosa, Artemisia annua and Atractylodes lancea dispel dampness and expel worms; Gypsum fibrosum, Scrophularia ningpoensis, and Buffalo horn reduce the deficiency heat caused by the virus, Prunus armeniaca relieves secondary respiratory symptoms, Atractylodes lancea, Glycyrrhiza uralensis梢, and Epimedium brevicornu improve intestinal metabolism and enhance the body's metabolic level. The effects of each group of medicinal materials complement and restrict each other. Cold and cool herbs are combined with qi-tonifying and warm herbs to avoid damaging the spleen and stomach, achieving the comprehensive effect of simultaneously improving virus infection, immunodeficiency, and enteritis with watery stools.

[0010] Optionally, by weight, the following components are included: 5-8 parts Sophora flavescens, 8-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 3-5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2-3 parts Lonicera japonica, 3-4 parts Forsythia suspensa, 2-4 parts Coptis chinensis, 4-6 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 2-4 parts Ligusticum chuanxiong, 2-6 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 3-5 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 6-10 parts Isatis indigotica, 4-6 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 3-6 parts Bubalus bubalis horn, 2-4 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 2-5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 8-12 parts Three-needle charcoal (charred), 2-8 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 8-12 parts Lonicera japonica, 6-10 parts Pteris multifida, 8-10 parts Artemisia annua, 4-8 parts Atractylodes lancea, 6-14 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 8-12 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 2-4 parts Prunus armeniaca, 2-5 parts Epimedium brevicornu, and 3-5 parts Rhodiola rosea.

[0011] Optionally, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity further includes synergistic excipients, the weight of which accounts for 1-5% of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicine; the synergistic excipients include compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides, with a mass ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2), and the viable count of the compound bacterial powder is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0012] Specifically, this application also includes compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharide as synergistic excipients to form a drug-bacteria synergy. The traditional Chinese medicine components kill harmful intestinal bacteria and inhibit viruses, reducing the competitive pressure on probiotics; fructooligosaccharide serves as a dedicated carbon source for the targeted proliferation of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum; probiotics colonize intestinal villi to repair the mucosa, thereby amplifying the immune repair effect of traditional Chinese medicine; the ratio of the two is limited to the range of 0.8 to 1.2 to limit the number of live bacteria, thereby ensuring the basic number of intestinal colonization.

[0013] Optionally, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity also includes corn oligopeptides, wherein the mass of the corn oligopeptides is 0.5 to 1.5% of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicine.

[0014] Specifically, this application also incorporates corn oligopeptides, forming a three-layer synergistic effect. The oligopeptides can promote the development of pigeon immune organs and accelerate the absorption of immune-active components in Astragalus membranaceus and Rhodiola rosea. At the same time, they provide small-molecule nutrition for probiotics, further enhancing the colonization ability of live bacteria. Traditional Chinese medicine inhibits viruses and reduces damage to the body, peptides repair immunity, and probiotics regulate the intestines. The three components complement each other in their pathways of action. The addition amount of corn oligopeptides is limited to 0.5-1.5%, which can significantly improve antibody levels without significantly increasing feeding costs, achieving a balance between effectiveness and cost.

[0015] Optionally, the compound bacterial powder includes Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of 1:(1.1~1.3).

[0016] Specifically, this application specifies a ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Lactobacillus plantarum of 1: (1.1~1.3). The two strains complement each other and work synergistically. Bacillus subtilis produces digestive enzymes to improve intestinal metabolism in pigeons and is resistant to gastric acid, allowing it to reach the small intestine. Lactobacillus plantarum colonizes the mucosa and secretes antimicrobial peptides, blocking the virus from adsorbing onto the intestinal epithelium. Under this ratio, the strains do not antagonize each other, and the combined antibacterial and immune-boosting effects are excellent. Combined with the antiviral components of traditional Chinese medicine, a double-layer antibacterial barrier is formed, reducing the probability of secondary viral infection.

[0017] Optionally, the medicinal materials are processed differently: honeysuckle, astragalus, and codonopsis are honey-processed; coptis, scutellaria, and sophora flavescens are wine-processed; andrographis paniculata and atractylodes lancea are stir-fried with wheat bran; rhodiola rosea and artemisia annua are wine-steamed; ginseng is quenched twice with vinegar; and purple ginseng is vinegar-steamed.

[0018] Specifically, this application achieves synergistic effects within and between groups of medicinal materials through differentiated processing. Honey-processed Astragalus and Codonopsis enhance qi-tonifying activity and alleviate coldness; wine-processed Coptis and Sophora flavescens enhance intestinal antiviral efficacy; wheat bran-fried Atractylodes lancea and Andrographis paniculata reduce irritation; wine-steamed Artemisia annua and Rhodiola rosea retain anthelmintic and antioxidant activities; double vinegar quenching of Diburong significantly increases the content of anti-immunodeficiency virus alkaloids; and vinegar-steamed Purple Ginseng enhances hemostasis and astringency. After processing, the cold and heat properties of each group of medicinal materials are harmonized, resulting in better efficacy. Compared with the simple crushing of raw medicinal materials, long-term feeding of each group of medicinal materials after processing is less likely to damage the spleen and stomach of pigeons.

[0019] Specifically, honey-processed medicinal herbs: honeysuckle, astragalus, and codonopsis. Clean and remove impurities from the herbs; dilute honey with 1 / 3 water and heat over low heat until fine honey bubbles appear; spray the diluted honey solution onto the herbs and stir constantly until the herbs have completely absorbed the solution; place them in a wok and stir-fry over low heat at 90-110℃ for 12-18 minutes, until the surface of the herbs turns golden yellow and is no longer sticky; remove from the wok and let cool for later use.

[0020] Wine-processed medicinal herbs: Coptis chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Sophora flavescens are selected and cut into sections; add 10-13 parts of rice wine to every 100 parts of herbs, mix well and let it soak for 35-45 minutes until the wine has completely penetrated the herbs; stir-fry in a wok over medium heat at 115-125℃ for 10-15 minutes until the herbs darken in color and have a slight aroma of wine, then remove from the wok and let cool.

[0021] Stir-fried medicinal herbs with wheat bran: Andrographis paniculata and Atractylodes lancea. Preheat the pan to 105~115℃, sprinkle in wheat bran, and when the bran starts to smoke, pour in the medicinal herbs; continue to stir-fry for 6~12 minutes until the surface of the medicinal herbs is slightly yellow and the bran is browned; sift out the bran, let cool and store.

[0022] Wine-steamed medicinal herbs: Rhodiola rosea and Artemisia annua are sprayed with rice wine and mixed well, then left to soak for 25-35 minutes; they are then placed in a steamer and steamed over water, with Rhodiola rosea steamed for 35-45 minutes and Artemisia annua steamed for 15-25 minutes; after steaming, they are removed and dried at a low temperature of 30-40℃ to avoid high temperature damage to artemisinin and the antioxidant components of Rhodiola rosea.

[0023] Secondary vinegar quenching: Diburong, first time: slice Diburong, mix with rice vinegar and let it soak for 25-35 minutes, stir-fry over low heat until slightly dry; second time: spray rice vinegar again, put it into a high-temperature iron pot and stir-fry until the surface is slightly puffed up and changes color, quickly take it out and put it into rice vinegar for quenching for 3-7 minutes, take it out and dry it at low temperature.

[0024] Vinegar Steaming: Purple Ginseng, sliced, mixed with rice vinegar and left to soak for 20-30 minutes; steamed over water for 30-40 minutes, then removed and dried at low temperature.

[0025] According to another aspect of this application, a method for preparing the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity is also provided, comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh each Chinese medicinal material according to the proportion, and pre-process the Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processed Chinese medicinal materials. (2) Mix and pulverize the processed Chinese medicinal materials to obtain fine powder of Chinese medicine; (3) Mix the fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder, fructooligosaccharide, and corn oligopeptide evenly to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons.

[0026] Optionally, the particle size of the powder in step (2) is 80~100 mesh.

[0027] Specifically, the preparation process of this application consists of three steps: processing, pulverizing, and mixing. Each step works together to ensure synergistic effects. First, the medicinal materials are processed according to a specific process to enhance the synergistic effect between the drugs; pulverizing to 80-100 mesh increases the contact area and improves the absorption efficiency in the body; the processing step enhances the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, and pulverizing strengthens dissolution.

[0028] Specifically, this application sets limits on the particle size of the powder. Powder with a particle size below 80 mesh is coarse, resulting in incomplete release of active ingredients and insufficient contact with compound bacterial powder and corn oligopeptides, thus weakening the synergistic effect. Powder with a particle size above 100 mesh is prone to clumping, uneven dispersion in feed, and excessively high local concentrations of live bacteria, which irritate the pigeon's intestines. Powder in the 80-100 mesh range has a moderate specific surface area, allowing the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder, and corn oligopeptides to be fully and evenly mixed. After feeding, it dissolves and is absorbed quickly, maximizing the synergistic antiviral and intestinal repair effects of the multi-component combination.

[0029] According to another aspect of this application, the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity, or the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, is also provided for the preparation of veterinary drugs for pigeon adenovirus and porcine circovirus infection; improving watery feces in pigeon enteritis, repairing virus-induced intestinal secondary damage, enhancing the overall immune level of pigeons, and being used as an additive for enhancing the immune efficacy of pigeon adenovirus vaccine in feed.

[0030] Optionally, the method includes mixing a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity with feed and feeding it to the pigeon, wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity to feed is 1:(50~100).

[0031] Specifically, this application limits the mixing ratio of the formulation to feed to 1:(50~100) to balance efficacy and feeding safety, ensuring the stable synergistic effect of multiple components. A ratio higher than 1:50 results in excessive formulation addition, and the combined cooling properties of the entire formula can easily cause diarrhea and decreased feed intake in pigeons. A ratio lower than 1:100 results in insufficient effective doses of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder, and corn oligopeptides, significantly reducing the synergistic antiviral and immune-restoring effects. Within this range, the intake dose of each functional component matches the physiological tolerance threshold of pigeons, and long-term mixing with feed can stably exert the synergistic effects of antiviral activity, antibody enhancement, and intestinal repair.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this application include, but are not limited to: 1. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons according to this application, by limiting the composition and ratio of the components, the cold and heat of each medicinal material complement each other and the effects are linked, breaking the limitation of conventional traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat. It can simultaneously improve viral infection, watery enteritis and emaciation. Conventional single heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine cannot achieve multiple therapeutic effects. It is suitable for use in the feed of meat pigeons and racing pigeons at all stages.

[0033] 2. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons according to this application involves targeted processing of different medicinal materials through honey-processing, wine-processing, wheat bran-frying, wine steaming, and secondary vinegar quenching. Honey-processing enhances the polysaccharide activity of qi-tonifying herbs, wine-processing strengthens the intestinal antiviral ability of heat-clearing herbs, and secondary vinegar quenching significantly increases the content of anti-immunodeficiency virus alkaloids. Wheat bran-frying and calcination mitigate the bitter and cold irritation of the medicinal materials, avoiding damage to the pigeon's spleen and stomach from long-term feeding of raw medicinal materials. After processing, the dissolution rate of various effective components is significantly improved, and the synergistic effect between medicinal materials is enhanced. Compared with direct pulverization of raw medicinal materials, the virus inhibition rate and immune repair effect are significantly improved, and the safety of medication is higher.

[0034] 3. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons proposed in this application, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, fructooligosaccharides, and corn oligopeptides are precisely compounded on the basis of traditional Chinese medicine formula to form a two-way synergistic mechanism: traditional Chinese medicine inhibits harmful bacteria in the intestine and reduces viral load, providing a living environment for probiotics; fructooligosaccharides promote the targeted proliferation of strains, and corn oligopeptides promote immune absorption and enhance vaccine response; the precise ratio of limited strains and excipients ensures stable colonization of live bacteria in the intestine, simultaneously achieving a triple benefit of antiviral effects from traditional Chinese medicine, intestinal protection from probiotics, and immune enhancement from corn oligopeptides, making up for the shortcomings of ordinary pure traditional Chinese medicine lacking bacterial regulation and single probiotics lacking antiviral ability.

[0035] 4. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons according to this application is simple to operate and can be directly mixed into feed for large-scale pigeon farms. The preparation can be used as an additive to enhance the immunity of vaccines and prolong the antibody protection period. The process and ratio are coordinated with each other, and the synergistic effect of the processed traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder and corn oligopeptide is fully preserved, which solves the defects of commercial preparations such as easy inactivation of live bacteria, uneven efficacy when mixed into feed and weak immune enhancement. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application were all purchased commercially.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application are conventional methods in the prior art. The Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum used in the following embodiments are existing strains available for purchase from microbial culture collection management centers; the development of new strains is not involved, only the application of these two existing strains. Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis used in the following embodiments and comparative examples is selected from strain CGMCC 1.3358, with an effective viable count ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g; the *Lactobacillus plantarum* used was selected from strain CGMCC 1.557, with an effective viable count ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0039] The processing methods in the following embodiments and comparative examples are as follows: Honey-processed medicinal herbs: honeysuckle, astragalus, and codonopsis. Clean and remove impurities from the herbs. Dilute honey with 1 / 3 water and heat over low heat until fine bubbles appear. Spray the diluted honey solution onto the herbs and stir constantly until the herbs have completely absorbed the solution. Place the herbs in a wok and stir-fry over low heat at 100℃ for 15 minutes, until the surface of the herbs turns golden yellow and is no longer sticky. Remove from the wok and let cool before use.

[0040] Wine-processed medicinal herbs: Coptis chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Sophora flavescens are selected and cut into sections; 12 parts of rice wine are added to every 100 parts of herbs, mixed well and left to soak for 40 minutes until the wine has completely penetrated the herbs; stir-fry in a wok over medium heat at 120℃ for 12 minutes until the herbs are darker in color and have a slight aroma of wine, then remove from the wok and let cool.

[0041] Stir-fried medicinal herbs with wheat bran: Andrographis paniculata and Atractylodes lancea. Preheat the pan to 110℃, sprinkle in wheat bran, and when the bran starts to smoke, pour in the medicinal herbs; continue to stir-fry for 10 minutes until the surface of the medicinal herbs is slightly yellow and the bran is browned; sift out the bran, let cool and store.

[0042] Wine-steamed medicinal herbs: Rhodiola rosea and Artemisia annua are sprayed with rice wine and mixed well, then left to soak for 30 minutes; they are then placed in a steamer and steamed over water, with Rhodiola rosea steamed for 40 minutes and Artemisia annua steamed for 20 minutes; after steaming, they are removed and dried at a low temperature of 40℃ to avoid high temperature damage to the antioxidant components of artemisinin and Rhodiola rosea.

[0043] Secondary vinegar quenching: Diburong, first time: slice Diburong, mix with rice vinegar and let it soak for 30 minutes, stir-fry over low heat until slightly dry; second time: spray rice vinegar again, put it into a high-temperature iron pot and stir-fry until the surface is slightly puffed up and changes color, quickly take it out and soak it in rice vinegar for 5 minutes, take it out and dry it at low temperature.

[0044] Vinegar Steaming: Purple Ginseng, sliced, mixed with rice vinegar and left to soak for 25 minutes; steamed over water for 35 minutes, then removed and dried at low temperature.

[0045] Example 1: Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation for Pigeon Intestinal Repair and Antiviral Immunization The ingredients, by weight, include: 10 parts Sophora flavescens, 12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 8 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 4 parts Lonicera japonica, 4 parts Forsythia suspensa, 4 parts Coptis chinensis, 6 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts Ziziphus jujuba, 6 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 8 parts Isatis indigotica, 10 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 6 parts Buffalo horn, 6 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 6 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 15 parts Three-needle charcoal, 10 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 12 parts Lonicera japonica, 12 parts Pteris multifida, 10 parts Artemisia annua, 10 parts Atractylodes lancea, 14 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 12 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 5 parts Prunus armeniaca, 8 parts Epimedium, and 5 parts Rhodiola rosea. Preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons: (1) Weigh each Chinese medicinal material according to the proportion, and pre-process the Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processed Chinese medicinal materials. (2) Mix the processed Chinese medicinal materials and grind them to 100 mesh to obtain fine powder of Chinese medicine; (3) Mix fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder (Bacillus subtilis: Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:1.3), fructooligosaccharides, and corn oligopeptides. The weight of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides accounts for 5% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine, the mass ratio of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides is 1:1.2, and the mass of corn oligopeptides is 1.5% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine. Mix evenly to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons.

[0046] Example 2 The ingredients, by weight, include: 5 parts Sophora flavescens, 6 parts Andrographis paniculata, 3 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2 parts Lonicera japonica, 2 parts Forsythia suspensa, 1 part Coptis chinensis, 3 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts Ligusticum chuanxiong, 1 part Ganoderma lucidum, 3 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 5 parts Isatis indigotica, 3 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 2 parts Bubalus bubalis horn, 2 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 2 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 5 parts Three-needle charcoal, 2 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 6 parts Lonicera japonica, 6 parts Pteris vittata, 4 parts Artemisia annua, 4 parts Atractylodes lancea, 4 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 6 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 2 parts Prunus armeniaca, 2 parts Epimedium brevicornu, and 2 parts Rhodiola rosea. Preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons: (1) Weigh each Chinese medicinal material according to the proportion, and pre-process the Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processed Chinese medicinal materials. (2) Mix the processed Chinese medicinal materials and grind them to 80 mesh to obtain fine powder of Chinese medicine; (3) Mix fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder (Bacillus subtilis: Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:1.1), fructooligosaccharides, and corn oligopeptides. The weight of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides accounts for 1% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine, the mass ratio of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides is 1:0.8, and the mass of corn oligopeptides is 0.5% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine. Mix evenly to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons.

[0047] Example 3 The ingredients, by weight, include: 8 parts Sophora flavescens, 8 parts Andrographis paniculata, 5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 3 parts Lonicera japonica, 3 parts Forsythia suspensa, 2 parts Coptis chinensis, 4 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 4 parts Zishen (purple ginseng), 2 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 5 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 6 parts Isatis indigotica, 4 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 3 parts Buffalo horn, 4 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 8 parts Three-needle charcoal, 8 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 8 parts Lonicera japonica, 8 parts Pteris vittata, 8 parts Artemisia annua, 8 parts Atractylodes lancea, 6 parts Gypsum, 8 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 4 parts Prunus armeniaca, 5 parts Epimedium, and 3 parts Rhodiola rosea. Preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons: (1) Weigh each Chinese medicinal material according to the proportion, and pre-process the Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processed Chinese medicinal materials. (2) Mix the processed Chinese medicinal materials and grind them to 90 mesh to obtain fine powder of Chinese medicine; (3) Mix fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder (Bacillus subtilis: Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:1.2), fructooligosaccharides, and corn oligopeptides. The weight of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides accounts for 3% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine, the mass ratio of compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides is 1:1, and the mass of corn oligopeptides is 1% of the total weight of traditional Chinese medicine. Mix evenly to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons.

[0048] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that the pretreatment step (1) is not included, and the compound bacterial powder, fructooligosaccharide and corn oligopeptide are not included, while the rest are the same.

[0049] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 3 is that the compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharide are not included, but the rest are the same.

[0050] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 3 is that Example 6 does not include fructooligosaccharides, but all other aspects are the same.

[0051] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 3 is that Example 7 does not include corn oligopeptides, but all other aspects are the same.

[0052] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 3 is that the compound bacterial powder contains only Bacillus subtilis, while the rest are the same.

[0053] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 3 is that the pre-treatment step (1) is not included, but the rest are the same.

[0054] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 3 is that honeysuckle, astragalus, and codonopsis were not honey-processed, and *Dibulus terrestris* was quenched in vinegar once; the rest were the same.

[0055] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that Comparative Example 1 does not include Dibufenozide and Zishen, but all other ingredients are the same.

[0056] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 is that it does not include Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, and Rhodiola rosea, while the rest are the same.

[0057] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that Comparative Example 3 does not include Sanguisorba officinalis charcoal and Dryopteris crassirhizoma charcoal, but all other aspects are the same.

[0058] Test case Experimental animals: 28-day-old healthy white-feathered pigeons, free from adenovirus and porcine circovirus, with an equal number of males and females; 30 pigeons per group, kept in individual cages, with completely uniform temperature, humidity, light, basal diet, and drinking water.

[0059] Virus challenge model: Except for the control group, all groups were challenged with a mixed strain of pigeon adenovirus and pigeon circovirus by nasal drops and oral administration to establish a co-infection model of immunodeficiency and viral enteritis; the control group was not challenged.

[0060] Dosage regimen: All preparations obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were mixed with the basic feed at a mass ratio of 1:80 and fed freely for 7 consecutive days; the blank healthy group and the blank challenge control group were fed only the basic feed without any additives.

[0061] Sampling and detection points: Day 0 of challenge (baseline before administration) and Day 7 of administration (endpoint of the trial).

[0062] detection indicators 1) Clinical appearance indicators: average stool score (0 = normal formed stool, 4 = watery bloody stool), 7-day cumulative mortality rate, and average daily weight gain; 2) Immune organ indicators: 10 birds were randomly euthanized in each group, and the thymus and bursa of Fabricius organ indices were calculated (organ weight / body weight × 100%, the higher the index, the better the immune repair). 3) Serum immune indicators: Serum IgG content, which characterizes the body's immune response and the potential for enhancing vaccine efficacy; 4) Pathogen indicators: positive detection rate of adenovirus and porcine circovirus by fecal qPCR.

[0063] The blank healthy group: no virus was introduced, and they were only fed basic feed.

[0064] Blank challenge control group: challenged and fed only with basal feed.

[0065] The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1. Experimental Results

[0067] Table 1 shows that Examples 1-3 showed good improvement effects, with Example 3 being the best example and exhibiting the best overall effect. Example 4, lacking both processing and all synergistic excipients and corn oligopeptides, suffered from these dual deficiencies, resulting in the lowest efficacy among the example groups. Example 5, lacking compound bacterial powder and fructooligosaccharides, lacked the synergistic effect of gut microbiota regulation and traditional Chinese medicine components, leading to a slightly worse effect. Example 6, lacking fructooligosaccharides, lacked a dedicated carbon source for probiotic proliferation, resulting in a decreased intestinal barrier repair capacity. Example 7, lacking corn oligopeptides, could not effectively promote antibody production, and serum IgG levels were significantly lower than in Examples 1-3. Example 8, using only Bacillus subtilis, lacked the mucosal antibacterial protection effect of Lactobacillus plantarum, weakening the synergistic effect of the two strains and worsening the effect. Example 9, without any processing of the medicinal materials, resulted in the raw medicinal materials being bitter, cold, and irritating, with a low dissolution rate of effective components, leading to a decline in immune repair and antiviral capabilities. Example 10, omitting the honey-processing step and only undergoing a single vinegar quenching, resulted in insufficient qi-tonifying activity and anti-circovirus alkaloid content, leading to a simultaneous deterioration in immune indicators and virus clearance effects. Comparative Example 1, with the removal of the targeted antiviral drugs *Diburong* and *Zishen*, failed to inhibit latent porcine circovirus, resulting in a significant increase in the circovirus positivity rate and continued aggravation of immune organ damage. Comparative Example 2, with the removal of the tonifying herbs *Huangqi*, *Dangshen*, and *Hongjingtian*, lost the core substances for repairing the thymus and bursa of Fabricius, resulting in the lowest thymus index and serum IgG among all treatment groups, indicating a severe deficiency in the body's antiviral immune response. Comparative Example 3, with the removal of the intestinal-protecting charcoal drugs *Diyutan* and *Guanzhongtan*, failed to repair the damaged intestinal mucosa, leading to prominent watery diarrhea symptoms and continued aggravation of systemic viral infection due to intestinal barrier damage.

[0068] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited to these specific embodiments, but is determined by the claims of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the technical concept and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight: 5-10 parts Sophora flavescens, 6-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 3-8 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2-4 parts Lonicera japonica, 2-4 parts Forsythia suspensa, 1-4 parts Coptis chinensis, 3-6 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 2-6 parts Ligusticum chuanxiong, 1-6 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 3-8 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 5-10 parts Isatis indigotica, 3-6 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 2-6 parts Bubalus bubalis horn, 2-6 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 2-6 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 5-15 parts Three-needle charcoal, 2-10 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 6-12 parts Lonicera japonica, 6-12 parts Pteris multifida, 4-10 parts Artemisia annua, 4-10 parts Atractylodes lancea, 4-14 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 6-12 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 2-5 parts Prunus armeniaca, 2-8 parts Epimedium brevicornu, and 2-5 parts Rhodiola rosea.

2. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight: 5-8 parts Sophora flavescens, 8-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 3-5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis (charred), 2-3 parts Lonicera japonica, 3-4 parts Forsythia suspensa, 2-4 parts Coptis chinensis, 4-6 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 2-4 parts Ligusticum chuanxiong, 2-6 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 3-5 parts Ganoderma lucidum, 6-10 parts Isatis indigotica, 4-6 parts Scrophularia ningpoensis, 3-6 parts Bubalus bubalis horn, 2-4 parts Dryopteris crassirhizoma (charred), 2-5 parts Sanguisorba officinalis, 8-12 parts Three-needle charcoal, 2-8 parts Scutellaria baicalensis, 8-12 parts Lonicera japonica, 6-10 parts Pteris multifida, 8-10 parts Artemisia annua, 4-8 parts Atractylodes lancea, 6-14 parts Gypsum fibrosum, 8-12 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis (tip), 2-4 parts Prunus armeniaca, 2-5 parts Epimedium brevicornu, and 3-5 parts Rhodiola rosea.

3. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pigeon intestinal tract repair and antiviral immunity traditional Chinese medicine preparation also comprises a synergistic auxiliary material, the weight of the synergistic auxiliary material accounts for 1-5% of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicine; the synergistic auxiliary material comprises compound bacterial powder and fructo-oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of the two is 1:(0.8-1.2), and the viable bacterial count of the compound bacterial powder is ≥1×10 9 CFU / g.

4. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 3, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity also includes corn oligopeptides, the mass of which is 0.5 to 1.5% of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicine.

5. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compound bacterial powder includes Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum, with a mass ratio of 1:(1.1~1.3).

6. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each Chinese medicinal herb undergoes differentiated processing: honeysuckle, astragalus, and codonopsis are honey-processed; coptis, scutellaria, and sophora flavescens are wine-processed; andrographis paniculata and atractylodes lancea are stir-fried with wheat bran; rhodiola rosea and artemisia annua are wine-steamed; ginseng is quenched twice with vinegar; and purple ginseng is vinegar-steamed.

7. The preparation method of the pigeon intestinal repair and anti-virus immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Weigh each Chinese medicinal material according to the proportion, and pre-process the Chinese medicinal materials to obtain processed Chinese medicinal materials. (2) Mix and pulverize the processed Chinese medicinal materials to obtain fine powder of Chinese medicine; (3) Mix the fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine, compound bacterial powder, fructooligosaccharide, and corn oligopeptide evenly to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity in pigeons.

8. The intestinal repair and anti-viral immunization traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeons according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the pulverization mesh size is 80~100 mesh.

9. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pigeon intestinal repair and antiviral immunity prepared by any one of claims 1 to 6 or the preparation method of any one of claims 7 to 8 is used in the preparation of veterinary drugs for pigeon adenovirus and porcine circovirus infection; to improve watery feces in pigeon enteritis, repair virus-induced intestinal secondary damage, enhance the overall immune level of pigeons, and as an additive for enhancing the immune efficacy of pigeon adenovirus vaccine in feed.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, This includes feeding pigeons with a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity mixed with feed, wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for intestinal repair and antiviral immunity to feed is 1:(50~100).

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