A recycling disassembling separator

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of resource processing of waste power equipment, and provides a recycling, disassembling and separating machine, which comprises a rotating supporting mechanism, a cutting and disassembling mechanism and a shunt recycling mechanism, the rotating supporting mechanism is used for supporting a to-be-disassembled piece and driving the to-be-disassembled piece to rotate around an axis of the to-be-disassembled piece, the rotating supporting mechanism comprises first supporting rotating parts and second supporting rotating parts which are arranged along the to-be-disassembled piece in an axial direction, and at least one of the first supporting rotating parts and the second supporting rotating parts can move in the axial direction of the to-be-disassembled piece, so as to adapt to to-be-disassembled pieces with different lengths, the application discloses the recycling, disassembling and separating machine, the rotating supporting mechanism, the cutting and disassembling mechanism and the shunt recycling mechanism are arranged, the composite insulator and the lightning arrester can be disassembled on the same table, and the equipment investment and the site occupation can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste power equipment resource utilization technology, and in particular to a recycling, dismantling and separating machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of power grid construction and the accelerated pace of equipment upgrades, composite insulators and surge arresters, as important components for insulation and lightning protection in power grid systems, are widely used in transmission lines of different voltage levels. These devices operate outdoors for extended periods, and as their service life increases, they are prone to aging, performance degradation, and other reasons, resulting in a large number of scrapped electrical materials.

[0003] Scrapped composite insulators typically consist of metal ends, silicone rubber skirts, and fiber rod cores; scrapped surge arresters typically consist of silicone rubber skirts, insulating cylinders, ZnO varistors, and metal components. Among these components, silicone rubber can be further processed into recycled materials, while zinc oxide, copper, aluminum, and glass fiber all have high recycling value. Therefore, the standardized dismantling and resource recycling of scrapped composite insulators and surge arresters can not only reduce the consumption of primary resources but also lower hazardous waste disposal costs, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for handling scrapped composite insulators and surge arresters are manual dismantling and simple mechanical crushing. These methods have at least the following problems: First, manual dismantling relies on manual peeling and cutting, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, and unsafe. Second, traditional mechanical cutting easily generates smoke and dust, affecting the health of operators and causing secondary pollution. Third, simple crushing methods cannot accurately separate materials such as silicone rubber skirts, fiber rod cores, metal ends, and ZnO valve plates, easily leading to the loss of recyclable resources. Fourth, existing dismantling equipment is often only suitable for a specific type of material, making it difficult to meet the dismantling needs of both composite insulators and surge arresters. Specialized tooling is often required for different specifications of composite insulators, resulting in poor versatility. Fifth, existing dismantling processes generally lack a systematic classification and recycling structure; various materials are often collected together after dismantling, requiring subsequent manual secondary sorting, affecting recycling efficiency. Sixth, surge arresters may contain heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, as well as harmful flame-retardant components; if the dismantling process is not standardized, there is a risk of soil and water pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a recycling, dismantling, and separating machine to achieve automated dismantling and separation of scrapped composite insulators and surge arresters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a recycling and dismantling separator, comprising a rotating support mechanism, a cutting and dismantling mechanism, and a diversion and recycling mechanism.

[0007] The rotating support mechanism supports the component to be disassembled and drives it to rotate around its own axis. The rotating support mechanism includes a first supporting rotating part and a second supporting rotating part spaced apart along the axial direction of the component to be disassembled. At least one of the first and second supporting rotating parts is movable along the axial direction of the component to be disassembled to accommodate components of different lengths. The cutting and disassembly mechanism cooperates with the rotating support mechanism and is used to disassemble and separate the component to be disassembled. The cutting and disassembly mechanism includes an outer layer cutting component and an end cutting component. The outer layer cutting component is used to cut off the insulating portion on the outer periphery of the component to be disassembled. It can move axially along the component to be disassembled to achieve continuous cutting of the insulation part during the rotation of the component to be disassembled. The end cutting assembly is used to cut off the metal ends at both ends of the component to be disassembled. The diversion and recycling mechanism is located below the cutting and disassembly mechanism and is used to divert and recycle different materials after disassembly. The diversion and recycling mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the insulation part is output through a first diversion path. In the second state, the main body component and metal ends after the insulation part is removed are output through a second diversion path. The component to be disassembled is a composite insulator or a surge arrester.

[0008] In some embodiments, the rotary support mechanism further includes a pitch adjustment drive assembly connected to the second support rotating part, which drives the second support rotating part to move axially along the part to be disassembled.

[0009] In some embodiments, a length measuring component is also included, which is used to obtain the length information of the part to be disassembled for adjustment of the second support rotation part.

[0010] In some embodiments, the length measuring assembly includes a measuring base, a slider moving guide rail, a movable measuring slider, and a distance sensor. The movable measuring slider is slidably disposed on the slider moving guide rail, and the distance sensor is used to measure the position of the movable measuring slider to obtain the length of the part to be disassembled.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rotary support mechanism further includes a first rotary pressing component and a second rotary pressing component respectively disposed corresponding to the first support rotary portion and the second support rotary portion. The first rotary pressing component is used to apply a force toward the first support rotary portion to the component to be disassembled and drive the component to be disassembled to rotate. The second rotary pressing component is used to apply a force toward the second support rotary portion to the component to be disassembled and drive the component to be disassembled to rotate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first rotating pressing assembly includes a first drive motor, a first pressing drive member, and a first rubber roller. The first drive motor is connected to the first rubber roller, and the first pressing drive member is used to drive the first rubber roller to move toward the part to be disassembled and abut against the part to be disassembled. The second rotating pressing assembly includes a second drive motor, a second pressing drive member, and a second rubber roller. The second drive motor is connected to the second rubber roller, and the second pressing drive member is used to drive the second rubber roller to move toward the part to be disassembled and abut against the part to be disassembled. The centerline of the first rubber roller corresponds to the axis of the first supporting rotating part, and the centerline of the second rubber roller corresponds to the axis of the second supporting rotating part, so that the first rubber roller and the second rubber roller can adapt to parts to be disassembled of different diameters and drive the parts to be disassembled to rotate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the end-cutting assembly includes a first end-cutting member and a second end-cutting member. The first end-cutting member is disposed corresponding to the first support rotating part, and the second end-cutting member is disposed corresponding to the second support rotating part and connected to the pitch-adjustment drive assembly. The second end-cutting member moves axially along the part to be disassembled under the drive of the pitch-adjustment drive assembly. The first end-cutting member and the second end-cutting member are respectively used to cut off the metal ends at both ends of the part to be disassembled.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer layer cutting assembly includes a tool mounting plate, an outer layer cutting tool, a vertical guide assembly, a horizontal moving base plate, a horizontal guide assembly, a vertical drive assembly, and an axial drive assembly. The outer layer cutting tool is mounted on the tool mounting plate, and the tool mounting plate is disposed on the horizontal moving base plate via the vertical guide assembly. The horizontal moving base plate is movably disposed via the horizontal guide assembly. The vertical drive assembly is used to adjust the working position of the outer layer cutting tool, and the axial drive assembly is used to drive the outer layer cutting tool to move axially along the part to be disassembled.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer layer cutting tool is an ultrasonic rubber cutting tool, the vertical drive assembly is a vertical ball screw, the axial drive assembly is a horizontal ball screw, and the cutting edge of the ultrasonic rubber cutting tool is tangentially arranged to the outer surface of the main body component of the part to be disassembled.

[0016] In some embodiments, the diversion and recycling mechanism includes a diversion baffle and a baffle driving assembly, the baffle driving assembly being used to drive the diversion baffle to switch between a vertical state and an inclined state; in the vertical state, the insulating part is output along a vertical discharge path; in the inclined state, the main body component and metal end after the insulating part has been removed are output along an inclined guide path.

[0017] Analysis shows that the present invention discloses a recycling, dismantling and separating machine. By setting up a rotating support mechanism, a cutting and dismantling mechanism and a diversion and recycling mechanism, the present invention realizes the simultaneous dismantling of composite insulators and surge arresters, which can reduce equipment investment and site occupation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotating support mechanism and end-cutting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A structural disassembly diagram of the rotary support mechanism and end-cutting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating pressing component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 A side view of the structure of a rotating support mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pitch adjustment drive component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an outer layer removal component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the diversion and recycling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 A side view of the diversion and recycling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the diversion and recycling mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention in the first state.

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the diversion and recycling mechanism in the second state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Outer shell; 21. First supporting rotating part; 22. Tabletop; 23. First end cut-off part; 24. Part to be disassembled; 25. Adjustment drive assembly; 26. Second end cut-off part; 27. Right side rotating pressing assembly; 28. Moving plate; 29. ​​Second supporting rotating part; 210. Length measuring assembly; 2101. Measuring base; 2102. Slider moving guide rail; 2103. Moving measuring slider; 2104. Distance sensor; 211. First rotating pressing assembly; 2111. First drive motor; 2112. First translation guide rail; 2113. First pressing drive component; 2114. First pressing assembly fixing bracket; 2115. First motor mounting plate; 2116. First rubber roller; 31. Tool mounting plate; 32. Outer layer cutting tool; 33. Vertical guide assembly; 34. Horizontal moving base plate; 35. Horizontal guide assembly; 36. Vertical ball screw; 37. Horizontal ball screw; 41. Drive cylinder; 42. Gear; 43. Rack; 44. Fixed bearing seat; 45. Connecting flange; 46. Diverter baffle; 47. Moving guide rail; 48. Rack connecting block; 5. Equipment frame; 6. Metal end fiber rod conveyor line; 7. Composite rubber umbrella skirt recycling line. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. Indeed, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the invention without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the invention encompass such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0031] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate one or more examples of the invention. The detailed description uses numerals and letters to refer to features in the drawings. Similar or analogous reference numerals in the drawings and description have been used to refer to similar or analogous parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and “fourth,” etc., are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of individual components.

[0033] This invention provides a recycling and dismantling separator, primarily used for the dismantling, separation, and sorting of scrapped composite insulators and surge arresters. This equipment is suitable for decommissioned composite insulators, line surge arresters, and other similar power devices with outer insulation layers and end metal connection structures, especially for components with inconsistent lengths, large variations in outer diameter, and diverse material compositions. Compared to existing methods relying on manual dismantling, manual cutting, or simple crushing, this invention, through the coordinated arrangement of a rotating support mechanism, a cutting and dismantling mechanism, and a diversion and recycling mechanism, enables the components to be dismantled to undergo controlled support, rotation, outer layer removal, end removal, and sorting and export. This improves dismantling efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and mitigates problems such as material mixing, incomplete separation, and poor working environments.

[0034] The component to be disassembled in this invention can be a composite insulator or a surge arrester. For a composite insulator, the component to be disassembled typically includes an outer peripheral insulation portion, a main body component, and two metal ends. The outer peripheral insulation portion is typically a silicone rubber shed, and the main body component is typically a fiber rod. For a surge arrester, the component to be disassembled typically includes an outer peripheral insulation portion, an internal main structure, and two metal connecting portions. After removing the outer peripheral insulation portion, the main structure can be further separated. For ease of consistent description, the main structure remaining after removing the insulation portion is uniformly referred to as the "main body component" in this specification. This term can correspond to the fiber rod of a composite insulator or the main structure of a surge arrester after removing the outer insulation layer.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the recycling, dismantling, and separating machine of the present invention includes a rotating support mechanism, a cutting and dismantling mechanism, and a diversion and recycling mechanism. In a specific equipment configuration, a housing 1, a frame 5, a metal-end fiber rod conveyor line 6, and a composite rubber umbrella skirt recycling line 7 can also be provided to form the equipment installation foundation, protective structure, and specific material receiving and output paths. It should be noted that the housing 1, frame 5, and conveyor line structure can be considered as preferred embodiments; however, in specific engineering implementations, material troughs, recycling bins, conveyor belts, or other receiving methods can be used instead, depending on site conditions.

[0036] The rotary support mechanism supports the workpiece 24 to be disassembled and drives it to rotate around its own axis. The rotary support mechanism includes a first supporting rotating part 21 and a second supporting rotating part 29 spaced apart along the axial direction of the workpiece 24. At least one of the first supporting rotating part 21 and the second supporting rotating part 29 is movable along the axial direction of the workpiece 24 to accommodate workpieces 24 of different lengths. By supporting both ends of the workpiece 24 between the first supporting rotating part 21 and the second supporting rotating part 29, a support base can be provided for subsequent rotary cutting and end cutting while ensuring the basic stability of the workpiece axis.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first support rotating part 21 is disposed on the table panel 22, and the table panel 22 provides support for the first support rotating part 21, the distance adjustment drive assembly 25 and the length measuring assembly 210.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to improve the fitting accuracy of disassembled parts 24 of different lengths, the length measuring component 210 is used to obtain the actual length information of the disassembled parts 24 before loading, and to adjust the position of the second support rotating part 29 accordingly. Specifically, the composite insulator to be processed is placed on the length measuring assembly 210. The length measuring assembly 210 includes a measuring base 2101, a slider moving guide rail 2102, a movable measuring slider 2103, and a distance sensor 2104. The slider moving guide rail 2102 is set on the measuring base 2101, and the movable measuring slider 2103 can slide on the slider moving guide rail 2102. The distance sensor 2104 is set at one end of the measuring base 2101 and can detect the relative distance between the movable measuring slider 2103 and the distance sensor 2104, aligning the left metal end of the component to be disassembled 24 with the left end reference position of the measuring base 2101. Then, the movable measuring slider 2103 is manually moved along the slider moving guide rail 2102 until the movable measuring slider 2103 is aligned with the right metal end of the component to be disassembled 24. At this time, the distance sensor 2104 measures the position of the movable measuring slider 2103, thereby obtaining the actual length information of the component to be disassembled 24.

[0039] After obtaining the aforementioned length information, the length information is uploaded to the PLC control system, which then controls the adjustment drive assembly 25 to operate based on the length information. In this embodiment, the adjustment drive assembly 25 is a single-axis robot connected to a moving plate 28 that carries the second support rotating part 29. Under PLC control, the robot moves axially along the part to be disassembled 24, adjusting the distance between the first support rotating part 21 and the second support rotating part 29 to match the length of the part to be disassembled 24. This ensures that the part to be disassembled 24 can be stably supported between the two support rotating parts during subsequent disassembly. Through the aforementioned length measurement and adjustment process, composite insulators of different lengths can be quickly positioned and their support spacing adapted without changing special tooling, thus providing an accurate positional basis for subsequent removal of the outer insulation layer and the end metal end.

[0040] To support the component 24 to be disassembled while simultaneously driving its stable rotation, the rotary support mechanism further includes a first rotary pressing assembly 211 and a right-side rotary pressing assembly 27, respectively corresponding to the first supporting rotating part 21 and the second supporting rotating part 29. The first rotary pressing assembly 211 applies a force toward the first supporting rotating part 21 to the component 24 to be disassembled, thereby driving the component 24 to rotate. The right-side rotary pressing assembly 27 applies a force toward the second supporting rotating part 29 to the component 24 to be disassembled, thereby driving the component 24 to rotate. This arrangement serves two purposes: firstly, it creates a relatively stable pressing support relationship between the component 24 at both axial ends; secondly, it utilizes the rolling elements that abut against the outer surface of the component 24 to output a rotational driving force, ensuring that the component 24 maintains continuous, autonomous, and uniform rotation during the cutting process, thus cooperating with the outer layer cutting assembly to achieve complete circumferential removal of the outer peripheral insulation portion.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the first rotary pressing assembly 211 includes a first drive motor 2111, a first pressing drive member 2113, and a first rubber roller 2116. The first drive motor 2111 is connected to the first rubber roller 2116. The first pressing drive member 2113 is used to drive the first rubber roller 2116 to move towards the part to be disassembled 24 and abut against the part to be disassembled 24. The first pressing drive member 2113 is disposed on the first pressing assembly fixing bracket 2114. The first pressing drive member 2113 is usually a cylinder. The first pressing assembly fixing bracket 2114 is also provided with a first translation guide rail 2112. The first drive motor 2111 is mounted on a first motor mounting plate 2115. The first motor mounting plate 2115 is connected to the first translation guide rail 2112. Under the drive of the first pressing drive member 2113, the first drive motor 2111 can move along the direction of the first translation guide rail 2112.

[0042] The right-side rotating pressing assembly 27 includes a second drive motor, a second pressing drive component, and a second rubber roller. The second drive motor is connected to the second rubber roller, and the second pressing drive component is used to drive the second rubber roller to move toward the part to be disassembled 24 and abut against the part to be disassembled 24. The center line of the first rubber roller 2116 corresponds to the axis of the first support rotating part 21, and the center line of the second rubber roller corresponds to the axis of the second support rotating part 29, so that the first rubber roller 2116 and the second rubber roller can adapt to parts to be disassembled 24 of different diameters and drive the parts to be disassembled 24 to rotate.

[0043] The cutting and disassembly mechanism is configured in conjunction with the rotating support mechanism to disassemble and separate the component 24 to be disassembled. The cutting and disassembly mechanism includes an outer layer cutting component and an end cutting component. The outer layer cutting component is used to cut off the insulating portion on the outer periphery of the component 24 and can move axially along the component 24 to achieve continuous cutting of the insulating portion during rotation of the component 24. The end cutting component is used to cut off the metal ends of the component 24. With this configuration, the disassembly process of the component 24 no longer relies on manual step-by-step cutting, but instead continuously completes the removal of the outer insulating portion and the separation of the end metal parts while the support is rotating, thus improving automation and disassembly consistency.

[0044] The end-cutting assembly includes a first end-cutting member 23 and a second end-cutting member 26. The first end-cutting member 23 is correspondingly disposed with the first support rotating part 21, and the second end-cutting member 26 is correspondingly disposed with the second support rotating part 29 and connected to the adjustable distance drive assembly 25. The second end-cutting member 26 moves axially along the part to be disassembled 24 under the drive of the adjustable distance drive assembly 25. The first end-cutting member 23 and the second end-cutting member 26 are respectively used to cut off the metal ends at both ends of the part to be disassembled 24. In this embodiment, the first end-cutting member 23 and the second end-cutting member 26 are typically metal cutting saws. The purpose of connecting the second end cut-off piece 26 to the pitch adjustment drive assembly 25 is that when the second support rotating part 29 adjusts its axial position due to changes in the length of the part to be disassembled 24, the second end cut-off piece 26 can simultaneously adjust its position to ensure that it always maintains a matching relationship with the corresponding end of the part to be disassembled 24. The second end cut-off piece 26 and the right-side rotating pressing assembly 27 are connected to the pitch adjustment drive assembly 25 through the moving plate 28 to avoid end cut-off position offset, inaccurate cut-off, or incomplete cut-off due to changes in workpiece length. This design is particularly suitable for composite insulators and surge arresters with a large range of length variations, and helps to reduce manual tool resetting and equipment downtime for adjustment.

[0045] like Figure 6As shown, the outer layer cutting assembly includes a tool mounting plate 31, an outer layer cutting tool 32, a vertical guide assembly 33, a horizontal moving base plate 34, a horizontal guide assembly 35, a vertical drive assembly 36, and an axial drive assembly 37. The outer layer cutting tool 32 is mounted on the tool mounting plate 31, and the tool mounting plate 31 is positioned on the horizontal moving base plate 34 via the vertical guide assembly 33. The horizontal moving base plate 34 is movably positioned via the horizontal guide assembly 35. The vertical drive assembly 36 is used to adjust the working position of the outer layer cutting tool 32, and the axial drive assembly 37 is used to drive the outer layer cutting tool 32 to move axially along the part to be disassembled 24. The outer layer cutting assembly provides a stable, adjustable, and continuously movable mounting base for the outer layer cutting tool 32, enabling the cutter to be adjusted to an appropriate cutting position and to perform continuous cutting actions along the length of the part to be disassembled 24.

[0046] Furthermore, the outer layer cutting tool 32 is preferably an ultrasonic rubber cutting tool, the vertical drive assembly 36 is preferably a vertical ball screw, and the axial drive assembly 37 is preferably a horizontal ball screw. The cutting edge of the ultrasonic rubber cutting tool is tangentially set to the outer surface of the main body component 24 to be disassembled. Compared with using coarse crushing or ordinary rigid tools to cut the outer layer material, the ultrasonic rubber cutting tool is more suitable for continuous cutting of silicone rubber skirts, which can reduce the generation of smoke and dust while maintaining the continuity of cutting. Setting the cutting edge tangentially to the outer surface of the main body component helps to make the cutting action mainly act on the outer peripheral insulation part, reduce the risk of damage to the main body component, and improve the quality of subsequent resource recycling.

[0047] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the diversion and recycling mechanism is located below the cutting and dismantling mechanism and is used to divert and recycle different materials after dismantling. The diversion and recycling mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the insulating part is output through a first diversion path; in the second state, the main body component and metal end after the insulating part is removed are output through a second diversion path. Further, the diversion and recycling mechanism includes a diversion baffle 46 and a baffle driving assembly. The baffle driving assembly is used to drive the diversion baffle 46 to switch between a vertical state and an inclined state. In the vertical state, the insulating part is output along a vertical material drop path; in the inclined state, the main body component and metal end after the insulating part is removed are output along an inclined guide path.

[0048] The diversion and recycling mechanism is located below the cutting and dismantling mechanism, fixed to the equipment frame 5, and positioned directly below the table panel 22 and above the composite rubber umbrella skirt recycling line 7. It is used to divert and recycle different materials after dismantling. The diversion and recycling mechanism includes a diversion baffle 46 and a baffle drive assembly. The baffle drive assembly specifically includes a drive cylinder 41, a gear 42, a rack 43, a fixed bearing seat 44, a connecting flange 45, a moving guide rail 47, and a rack connecting block 48. The drive cylinder 41 is mounted on the equipment frame 5, and its output end is connected to the rack 43 via the rack connecting block 48. The rack 43 moves linearly along the moving guide rail 47 and meshes with the gear 42. The gear 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 45, and the connecting flange 45 is fixedly connected to the diversion baffle 46. The diversion baffle 46 is rotatably mounted on the equipment frame 5 via the fixed bearing seat 44. Thus, the linear motion output by the drive cylinder 41 is converted into the rotational motion of the diverter baffle 46 around the fixed bearing seat 44 through the meshing transmission of the rack 43 and the gear 42, thereby driving the diverter baffle 46 to switch between different working states.

[0049] In this embodiment, the diversion baffle 46 has two working states: vertical and inclined. When the diversion baffle 46 is in the vertical state, the diversion and recycling mechanism is in the first state, and the removed insulation part falls directly downward from below the platform 22 and is output along the vertical falling path to the composite rubber umbrella skirt recycling line 7 located directly below it. When the diversion baffle 46 is in the inclined state, the diversion and recycling mechanism is in the second state, and the main body component and metal end after the insulation part has been removed fall onto the inclined diversion baffle 46, and are output along the inclined guiding path to the metal end fiber rod conveying line 6 under the guidance of the diversion baffle 46. Through the above structural arrangement, the insulation part, main body component, and metal end can be output separately within the same equipment, avoiding the mixing of different materials, reducing the workload of subsequent manual secondary sorting, and improving the classification and recycling effect of silicone rubber, metal, and fiber materials.

[0050] In the applicable scenarios of this invention, when the object to be processed is a scrapped composite insulator, the outer periphery of the component 24 to be disassembled is typically a silicone rubber shed, the main body is typically a fiber rod, and both ends are provided with metal ends. When processing with the equipment of this invention, the length of the component 24 to be disassembled can be measured first, and the support spacing adjusted. Then, the rotating support mechanism drives the component 24 to be disassembled to rotate, the outer layer cutting component cuts off the silicone rubber shed, and subsequently, the end cutting component cuts off the metal ends at both ends. Finally, the diversion and recycling mechanism separates the silicone rubber shed from the fiber rod and metal ends for output. This processing method avoids mixing and crushing silicone rubber and fiber materials, thereby improving the subsequent reuse value of various materials.

[0051] When the object being processed is a surge arrester, although the internal structure of the component 24 to be disassembled differs from that of a composite insulator, it typically also has an outer peripheral insulation layer and an end metal connection structure. This invention, through a combination of length adaptation, rotary support, continuous cutting, and shunting recovery, can also be applied to the removal of the outer insulation layer and the separation of the end metal parts of the surge arrester. For surge arresters, the main body components after insulation removal can proceed to subsequent processes to further classify and recycle the insulating cylinder, ZnO valve plate, and other components. Therefore, this invention is not only applicable to a single specification of composite insulator but can also meet the disassembly needs of different types of decommissioned power components within a wide range of lengths and diameters, demonstrating good versatility.

[0052] This invention, through the cooperation of the pitch adjustment drive assembly 25 and the length measuring assembly 210, enables the equipment to adapt to workpieces of different lengths, avoiding frequent tooling changes due to specification variations. Furthermore, by applying a stable rotational driving force to the workpiece 24 to be disassembled through the first rotating pressing assembly 211 and the right rotating pressing assembly 27, the workpiece 24 maintains continuous rotation during the cutting process, which helps improve the uniformity of the cutting. Moreover, the cooperation of the outer layer cutting assembly and the end cutting assembly allows the outer peripheral insulation and end metal parts to be removed separately, rather than being processed by overall crushing, thereby reducing material loss. In addition, the diversion and recycling mechanism creates two different diversion states, allowing different materials to be discharged separately along different paths, which helps reduce the risk of mixing and contamination.

[0053] In practical use, this invention can be operated according to the following overall process: First, the part to be disassembled 24 is placed on the length measuring component 210, the length of the part to be disassembled 24 is measured, and the position of the second support rotating part 29 is adjusted by the distance adjustment drive component 25 according to the measured length, so that the distance between the first support rotating part 21 and the second support rotating part 29 is adapted to the length of the part to be disassembled 24; then, the part to be disassembled 24 is placed between the first support rotating part 21 and the second support rotating part 29, and the rubber roller is driven by the first rotating pressing component 211 and the right rotating pressing component 27 to abut against the part to be disassembled 24, and drive the part to be disassembled 24 to rotate around its own axis; next, the outer layer cutting component is activated, and the vertical drive component 36 adjusts the... The outer layer cutting tool 32 is positioned to cut the outer peripheral insulation portion. The axial drive assembly 37 then drives the outer layer cutting tool 32 to move continuously along the axial direction of the component to be disassembled 24, completing the continuous removal of the outer peripheral insulation portion during the rotation of the component 24. During the outer peripheral insulation removal stage, the diversion and recycling mechanism is in its first state, allowing the removed insulation portion to be output via the first diversion path. After the outer insulation portion is removed, the end cutting assembly is activated, with the first end cutting component 23 and the second end cutting component 26 respectively cutting off the metal ends at both ends of the component to be disassembled 24. Then, the diversion and recycling mechanism is switched to its second state, allowing the main component and metal ends after insulation removal to be output via the second diversion path. Finally, the various materials output are collected separately.

[0054] Taking the dismantling of 35kV FXBW4-35 composite insulators as an example, after using the separator of this invention, a single machine can process about 60 pieces of this type of composite insulator per hour. The dismantling process is fully automated, with no manual cutting operations. Ultrasonic cutting produces no smoke or dust, and the working environment is clean. The silicone rubber skirts, metal ends, and fiber rods are accurately separated with no material loss and a recycling rate of over 98%. Only one operator is needed to complete the feeding and equipment monitoring, which greatly reduces the labor intensity.

[0055] In summary, this invention achieves the following technical effects: By setting up a rotating support mechanism, a cutting and dismantling mechanism, and a diversion and recycling mechanism, it enables the simultaneous dismantling of composite insulators and surge arresters, reducing equipment investment and site occupation. By setting up an adjustable distance drive component and a length measuring component, it can adapt to components of different lengths to be dismantled, improving the equipment's adaptability to multi-specification workpieces. By setting up a first rotating pressing component and a second rotating pressing component, and utilizing rubber rollers to abut and rotate with the component to be dismantled, it can adapt to components of different diameters to be dismantled, achieving stable support and rotating drive. By setting up an outer layer cutting component that can move axially along the component to be dismantled, in conjunction with the component's rotation, it can achieve continuous cutting of the outer peripheral insulation, improving cutting integrity and dismantling efficiency. By setting up an end cutting component and a diversion and recycling mechanism, it can achieve separate collection of the insulation, main body components, and metal ends, reducing material mixing and improving resource utilization value. Using an ultrasonic rubber cutting blade for outer layer cutting results in less smoke and dust during the cutting process, which helps improve the working environment and reduce environmental pollution risks. After loading, the device can complete length adaptation, rotation drive, outer layer cutting, end cutting, and current diversion and recycling with a single button start, reducing manual labor intensity. In practical applications, it can process approximately 40-60 composite insulators and 60-80 surge arresters per hour, with a processing weight of 0.4-0.7 tons, making it suitable for continuous industrial operation.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine, characterized in that, A rotating support mechanism is used to support the part to be disassembled and drive the part to be disassembled to rotate around its own axis. The rotating support mechanism includes a first support rotating part and a second support rotating part that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the part to be disassembled. At least one of the first support rotating part and the second support rotating part can move along the axial direction of the part to be disassembled to adapt to parts to be disassembled of different lengths. A cutting and disassembly mechanism, which is configured in conjunction with the rotating support mechanism, is used to disassemble and separate the parts to be disassembled. The cutting and disassembly mechanism includes an outer layer cutting component and an end cutting component. The outer layer cutting component is used to cut off the insulating part on the outer periphery of the parts to be disassembled, and can move along the axial direction of the parts to be disassembled so as to achieve continuous cutting off of the insulating part during the rotation of the parts to be disassembled. The end cutting component is used to cut off the metal ends at both ends of the parts to be disassembled. The diversion and recycling mechanism, located below the cutting and dismantling mechanism, is used to divert and recycle different materials after dismantling. The diversion and recycling mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the insulating part is output through the first diversion path; in the second state, the main body component and metal end after the insulating part is removed are output through the second diversion path. The component to be disassembled is a composite insulator or a surge arrester.

2. The recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary support mechanism further includes a pitch adjustment drive assembly, which is connected to the second support rotating part and is used to drive the second support rotating part to move axially along the part to be disassembled.

3. The recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a length measuring component, which is used to obtain the length information of the part to be disassembled for adjustment of the second support rotation part.

4. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length measuring component includes a measuring base, a slider moving guide rail, a movable measuring slider, and a distance sensor. The movable measuring slider is slidably disposed on the slider moving guide rail, and the distance sensor is used to measure the position of the movable measuring slider to obtain the length of the part to be disassembled.

5. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating support mechanism further includes a first rotating pressing component and a second rotating pressing component, which are respectively provided corresponding to the first supporting rotating part and the second supporting rotating part. The first rotating pressing component is used to apply a force toward the first supporting rotating part to the part to be disassembled and drive the part to be disassembled to rotate. The second rotating pressing component is used to apply a force toward the second supporting rotating part to the part to be disassembled and drive the part to be disassembled to rotate.

6. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first rotating pressing assembly includes a first drive motor, a first pressing drive component, and a first rubber roller. The first drive motor is connected to the first rubber roller, and the first pressing drive component is used to drive the first rubber roller to move toward the part to be disassembled and to abut against the part to be disassembled. The second rotary pressing assembly includes a second drive motor, a second pressing drive member, and a second rubber roller. The second drive motor is connected to the second rubber roller, and the second pressing drive member is used to drive the second rubber roller to move toward the part to be disassembled and to abut against the part to be disassembled. The center line of the first rubber roller corresponds to the axis of the first support rotating part, and the center line of the second rubber roller corresponds to the axis of the second support rotating part, so that the first rubber roller and the second rubber roller can adapt to parts to be disassembled of different diameters and drive the parts to be disassembled to rotate.

7. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end-cutting assembly includes a first end-cutting member and a second end-cutting member. The first end-cutting member is correspondingly disposed with the first support rotating part, and the second end-cutting member is correspondingly disposed with the second support rotating part and connected to the pitch-adjustment drive assembly. The second end-cutting member moves axially along the part to be disassembled under the drive of the pitch-adjustment drive assembly. The first end-cutting member and the second end-cutting member are respectively used to cut off the metal ends at both ends of the part to be disassembled.

8. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer layer cutting assembly includes a tool mounting plate, an outer layer cutting tool, a vertical guide assembly, a horizontal moving base plate, a horizontal guide assembly, a vertical drive assembly, and an axial drive assembly. The outer layer cutting tool is mounted on the tool mounting plate, and the tool mounting plate is disposed on the horizontal moving base plate via the vertical guide assembly. The horizontal moving base plate is movably disposed via the horizontal guide assembly. The vertical drive assembly is used to adjust the working position of the outer layer cutting tool, and the axial drive assembly is used to drive the outer layer cutting tool to move axially along the part to be disassembled.

9. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer layer cutting tool is an ultrasonic rubber cutting tool, the vertical drive assembly is a vertical ball screw, the axial drive assembly is a horizontal ball screw, and the cutting edge of the ultrasonic rubber cutting tool is tangential to the outer surface of the main body of the part to be disassembled.

10. A recycling, dismantling, and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion and recycling mechanism includes a diversion baffle and a baffle driving assembly. The baffle driving assembly is used to drive the diversion baffle to switch between a vertical state and an inclined state. In the vertical state, the insulating part is output along a vertical material drop path. In the inclined state, the main body component and the metal end after the insulating part is removed are output along an inclined guide path.

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