Rotatable side outlet sensor and train running gear fault monitoring system

Abstract

The application provides a rotatable side outlet sensor and a train running part fault monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of train running part fault monitoring. The sensor comprises a base shell, a sensor body, an outlet structure and an elastic device. The sensor body is rotatably arranged relative to the base shell, and comprises a sensor shell, a circuit board arranged in the sensor shell, and a vibration sensitive device mounted on the circuit board. The outlet structure is mounted on the side wall of the sensor body through a jack. The elastic device is arranged in compression along the axial direction between the base shell and the sensor shell. Under the pre-tightening force of the elastic device, the base shell and the sensor shell are in axial close contact to form a vibration signal transmission interface, so that the vibration signal can be effectively transmitted from the equipment to be measured to the vibration sensitive device through the base shell and the sensor shell, thereby realizing effective monitoring of the vibration signal. The sensor realizes effective monitoring of the vibration signal while maintaining the rotatability of the outlet direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of train running gear fault monitoring technology, and in particular to a rotatable side-outlet sensor and a train running gear fault monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of train running gear fault monitoring, real-time and accurate acquisition of vibration signals from critical components such as bearings is crucial for preventing safety accidents. Currently, non-rotatable vibration sensors are commonly used in train running gear fault monitoring, with fixed and unadjustable cable directions, which is inconvenient for on-site wiring and installation. Although a few improved technical solutions have proposed sensors with rotatable side cable outlets, these sensors, while achieving adjustable cable direction, typically only have temperature signal monitoring capabilities and cannot effectively acquire vibration and impact signals.

[0003] If an attempt is made to add vibration monitoring functionality to a sensor with a rotatable side cable, the vibration signal will be attenuated and distorted when it is transmitted from the test component (such as the bearing housing) to the inside of the sensor. This will result in the vibration signal not being transmitted effectively, thus affecting the accuracy of vibration monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a sensor that can maintain the rotatable direction of the lead wire while simultaneously achieving effective monitoring of vibration signals has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that existing sensors for monitoring train running gear faults cannot effectively monitor vibration signals while maintaining the rotatability of the outgoing line direction, the present invention aims to provide a sensor with a rotatable outgoing line and a train running gear fault monitoring system, which aims to achieve effective monitoring of vibration signals while maintaining the rotatability of the outgoing line direction.

[0006] A rotatable side-outlet sensor, comprising: The base shell has a perforation at the top; The sensor body passes through the perforation and is rotatably disposed relative to the base housing; the sensor body includes a sensor housing, a circuit board installed inside the sensor housing, and a vibration-sensitive device mounted on the circuit board; the sensor housing has an insertion hole on the side wall of the exposed portion outside the base housing; The cable outlet structure is installed on the side wall of the sensor body through the socket for cable to pass through, and the cable is connected to the circuit board; An elastic device is compressed and disposed between the base housing and the sensor housing along its axial direction. Under the preload of the elastic device, the base housing and the sensor housing are in close axial contact to form a vibration signal transmission interface.

[0007] Furthermore, the base housing includes a base and a pressure cap fixedly connected to the base; The perforation is located on the top of the gland.

[0008] Furthermore, the base and the pressure cap are connected by an interference fit, and a welded part is provided at the fit gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensor housing includes a cylindrical main body and an annular base formed by the radially outward extension of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body; The base and the pressure cap form a receiving cavity; the annular base portion is located inside the receiving cavity; the cylindrical main body portion penetrates the pressure cap, with part of it located inside the receiving cavity and the remaining part located outside the receiving cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, an axial gap is formed between the annular base portion and the pressure cap, and the elastic device is disposed within the axial gap.

[0011] Furthermore, the cylindrical main body includes a first cylindrical segment located above the annular base portion and a second cylindrical segment located below the annular base portion; The second cylindrical segment is located inside the accommodating cavity, and the first cylindrical segment extends outward through the pressure cap to the outside of the accommodating cavity; the insertion hole is provided on the side wall of the first cylindrical segment.

[0012] Furthermore, a rotational gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical segment and the inner sidewall of the gland, and a sealing component is provided at the rotational gap.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes an annular groove disposed on the inner sidewall of the gland and a sealing ring embedded in the annular groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotational clearance is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular base portion and the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical segment and the inner peripheral wall of the accommodating cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the base is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the sensor on the device under test; The mounting structure includes a protrusion, the outer peripheral wall of which is provided with an external thread, which is used to connect with a threaded hole on the device under test.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom end face of the base is provided with a flat pressing surface for fitting with the mounting plane of the device under test.

[0017] Furthermore, the protrusion has a hollow structure; The circuit board includes an upper plate and a lower plate. A shoulder for axial positioning is formed at the connection between the upper plate and the lower plate. A temperature-sensitive device is provided on the lower plate. The bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment is provided with a through hole, and a limiting surface for the shoulder to abut on the bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment is formed around the outer periphery of the through hole. The shoulder abuts against the limiting surface, and the lower plate extends downward into the protrusion.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensor body also includes: A temperature measuring probe is inserted through the through hole and extends downward from the bottom of the second cylindrical section to the interior of the protrusion; the outer circumferential surface of the temperature measuring probe is interference-fitted with the circumferential sidewall of the through hole and the gap is welded and sealed. A temperature measuring tube cap is disposed at the bottom of the temperature measuring probe; the lower plate of the circuit board extends downward into the temperature measuring probe, and an insulating gap is formed between the lower edge of the circuit board and the temperature measuring tube cap; the temperature measuring tube cap is interference-fitted with the temperature measuring probe and the gap is welded and sealed.

[0019] Furthermore, both the interior of the sensor housing and the interior of the temperature measuring probe are encapsulated with epoxy resin.

[0020] Furthermore, the outgoing line structure includes: The cable outlet is fixedly connected to the socket. A bellows cap is fixedly connected to the outlet interface; A bellows stop ring is disposed inside the bellows cap and is used to cooperate with the bellows cap to fix the bellows; the cable passes through the bellows, the bellows stop ring and the cable outlet in sequence and then connects to the circuit board.

[0021] Furthermore, the outgoing interface includes: The plug-in part is inserted into and fixed in the socket, and the plug-in part and the socket are interference fit and the gap is welded and sealed; The gland mounting part is interference-fitted with the corrugated pipe gland and the gap is welded and sealed. The internal threaded portion is threadedly connected to the bellows stop ring.

[0022] Furthermore, the sensor body also includes a cover plate disposed at the top opening of the sensor housing; the upper edge of the circuit board abuts against the cover plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the elastic device is a wave spring.

[0024] Furthermore, the axial compression of the wave spring is 10% to 55% of its free height.

[0025] In addition, the present invention also provides a train running gear fault monitoring system, including a sensor with a rotatable side-outlet cable as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the rotatable side-outlet sensor provided in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical advantages: The rotatable side-outlet sensor includes a base housing, a sensor body, an outgoing cable structure, and an elastic device. A perforation is provided at the top of the base housing; the sensor body passes through the perforation and is rotatably mounted relative to the base housing; the sensor body includes a sensor housing, a circuit board installed inside the sensor housing, and a vibration-sensitive device mounted on the circuit board; a socket is provided on the side wall of the exposed portion of the sensor housing outside the base housing; the outgoing cable structure is installed on the side wall of the sensor body through the socket for cable passage, and the cable connects to the circuit board; the elastic device is compressed along its axial direction between the base housing and the sensor housing, and under the preload of the elastic device, the base housing and the sensor housing are in close axial contact to form a vibration signal transmission interface. This rotatable side-outlet sensor achieves rotatability of the outgoing cable direction by rotatably mounting the sensor body relative to the base housing; the axial preload provided by the elastic device presses the sensor housing against the base housing, ensuring close contact between the two, allowing vibration signals to be effectively transmitted from the device under test through the base housing and the sensor housing to the vibration-sensitive device inside the sensor housing, thereby achieving effective vibration signal monitoring. Therefore, this embodiment effectively solves the technical problem that existing sensors for monitoring train running gear faults cannot effectively monitor vibration signals while maintaining rotatability in the outgoing direction. It achieves tight axial contact between the base housing and the sensor housing during rotational adjustment, ensuring effective transmission of vibration signals. While bearings or ball bearings can be used between the sensor body and the base housing to achieve rotation in the outgoing direction, they cannot effectively transmit vibration signals. This embodiment, by incorporating an elastic device between the base housing and the sensor housing, utilizes its axial preload to press the sensor housing against the base housing, thereby effectively guaranteeing the transmission of vibration signals.

[0027] Since the train running gear fault monitoring system includes the rotatable side cable sensor in the above embodiments, it at least possesses the technical effects of the rotatable side cable sensor in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sensor in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the sensor structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the sensor in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sensor in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gland structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor housing structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outgoing interface in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bellows stop ring in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the corrugated pipe gland structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label: 10. Base housing; 11. Base; 111. Flat pressing surface; 12. Pressure cap; 121. Perforation; 13. Receiving cavity; 20. Sensor body; 21. Sensor housing; 211. Cylindrical main body; 2111. First cylindrical section; 2112. Second cylindrical section; 21121. Limiting surface; 212. Annular base; 213. Insertion hole; 22. Circuit board; 23. Temperature sensing probe; 24. Temperature sensing probe cap; 25. Cover plate; 30. Elastic devices; 40. Outgoing cable structure; 41. Outgoing cable interface; 411. Plug-in part; 412. Cover mounting part; 42. Bellows cover; 43. Bellows retaining ring; 44. Bellows; 51. Annular groove; 52. Sealing ring; 60. Installation structure; 61. Protrusion; 70. Cables. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0033] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0034] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rotatable side-outlet sensor, including a base housing 10, a sensor body 20, an elastic device 30, and an outlet structure 40. A through hole 121 is provided on the top of the base housing 10; the sensor body 20 passes through the through hole 121 and is rotatably disposed relative to the base housing 10. The sensor body 20 includes a sensor housing 21, a circuit board 22 installed inside the sensor housing 21, and a vibration-sensitive device mounted on the circuit board 22; a socket 213 is provided on the side wall of the exposed portion of the sensor housing 21 outside the base housing 10; the outlet structure 40 is installed on the side wall of the sensor body 20 through the socket 213 for a cable 70 to pass through, and the cable 70 is connected to the circuit board 22; the elastic device 30 is compressed along its axial direction between the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21, with both ends of the elastic device 30 abutting against the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21 respectively. Under the pre-tightening force of the elastic device 30, the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21 are in close axial contact to form a vibration signal transmission interface. The elastic device can be any of a wave spring, a regular spring, or a spring sheet. For example, the elastic device 30 is a wave spring, which refers to a ring-shaped wave elastic element with axial elasticity. It should be further noted that the preload of the elastic device 30 can be controlled within a reasonable range, ensuring that the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21 maintain close axial contact while allowing the operator to overcome the friction generated by the preload and manually rotate the sensor body 20 to adjust the direction of the cable outlet structure 40 to meet on-site wiring requirements.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sensor body 20 is rotatably mounted relative to the base housing 10, achieving rotatability in the cable outlet direction. The axial preload provided by the elastic device 30 presses the sensor housing 21 against the base housing 10, ensuring tight contact between the two. This allows vibration signals to be effectively transmitted from the device under test through the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21 to the vibration-sensitive device inside the sensor housing 21, thus achieving effective vibration signal monitoring. Therefore, this embodiment effectively solves the technical problem that existing sensors for monitoring train running gear faults cannot effectively monitor vibration signals while maintaining rotatability in the cable outlet direction. It achieves axial tight contact between the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21 while rotating the cable, ensuring effective transmission of vibration signals. While bearings or ball bearings can be used between the sensor body and the base housing to achieve rotation in the cable outlet direction, they cannot effectively transmit vibration signals. This embodiment, by using the elastic device 30 between the base housing 10 and the sensor housing 21, utilizes its axial preload to press the sensor housing 21 against the base housing 10, thereby effectively ensuring the transmission of vibration signals.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the base housing 10 includes a base 11 and a pressure cap 12 fixedly connected to the base 11, with a through hole 121 provided on the top of the pressure cap 12. Preferably, the base 11 and the pressure cap 12 are interference-fitted, and a welded portion is provided at the fit gap. For details, please refer to the attached drawing. Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the pressure cap 12 includes a first annular sidewall, and the base 11 includes a second annular sidewall. The first annular sidewall has a first mating part at its end, and the second annular sidewall has a second mating part at its end. After the first mating part and the second mating part are press-fitted together by interference fit, the gap is laser-welded to make the base 11 and the pressure cap 12 form a whole.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments, the sensor housing 21 includes a cylindrical body portion 211 and an annular base portion 212 formed by the radially outward extension of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body portion 211. The base 11 and the pressure cap 12 enclose a receiving cavity 13; the annular base portion 212 is located within the receiving cavity 13; the cylindrical body portion 211 penetrates the pressure cap 12, is partially located within the receiving cavity 13, and the remaining portion is located outside the receiving cavity 13.

[0038] In some alternative embodiments, please refer to the appendix. Figure 8 As shown, the cylindrical main body 211 includes a first cylindrical segment 2111 located above the annular base 212 and a second cylindrical segment 2112 located below the annular base 212; the second cylindrical segment 2112 is located inside the accommodating cavity 13, and the first cylindrical segment 2111 extends outward through the pressure cap 12 to the outside of the accommodating cavity 13; the insertion hole 213 is provided on the side wall of the first cylindrical segment 2111.

[0039] It should be further explained that an axial gap is formed between the annular base portion 212 and the pressure cap 12, and the elastic device 30 is disposed within the axial gap. Specifically, an axial gap is formed between the upper end face of the annular base portion 212 and the lower end face of the pressure cap 12. The elastic device 30 is compressed between the lower end face of the pressure cap 12 and the upper end face of the annular base portion 212, and the axial preload it provides acts on the annular base portion 212 of the sensor housing 21, causing the entire sensor housing 21 to be pressed against the base 11 to form a vibration signal transmission interface.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, a rotational gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical segment 2111 and the inner sidewall of the pressure cap 12, and a sealing assembly is provided at the rotational gap. Specifically, the sealing assembly includes an annular groove 51 disposed on the inner sidewall of the pressure cap 12 and a sealing ring 52 embedded in the annular groove 51. The sealing ring 52 can be an O-ring rubber ring, which effectively fills the annular groove 51, allowing the sensor body 20 to rotate circumferentially relative to the base housing 10 while effectively preventing external moisture or dust from entering. Furthermore, rotational gaps are formed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular base portion 212 and the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical segment 2112 and the inner peripheral wall of the accommodating cavity 13, thereby ensuring smooth rotation between the sensor body 20 and the base housing 10.

[0041] It should be further noted that the preload of the wave spring is directly proportional to its axial compression. By adjusting the axial compression, the preload of the wave spring can be kept within a reasonable range. Correspondingly, the frictional torque generated by the preload of the wave spring is also controlled within a reasonable range, specifically, the upper limit of the selectable frictional torque is 3 N·m. When the manually applied rotational torque exceeds the frictional torque, the sensor body 20 will be able to rotate, thereby adjusting the direction of the cable outlet structure 40.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the axial compression of the wave spring is 10% to 55% of its free height. Specifically, by precisely designing the height of the axial gap between the annular base portion 212 and the pressure cap 12, as well as the free height and stiffness of the wave spring, the compression of the wave spring can be controlled within the range of 10% to 55% of its free height. This design allows the preload of the wave spring to be controlled within a reasonable range, ensuring effective transmission of vibration signals while achieving rotational orientation.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the base housing 10 is provided with a mounting structure 60 for mounting the sensor onto the device under test (DUT). The base housing 10 and the mounting structure 60 are integrally formed. Specifically, the mounting structure 60 includes a protrusion 61, the outer peripheral wall of which is provided with an external thread. The external thread is used to mate with a threaded hole on the DUT to achieve quick and reliable installation of the sensor onto the DUT. The external thread specification is M16.

[0044] Furthermore, the bottom end face of the base 11 is provided with a flat pressing surface 111 for fitting with the mounting plane of the device under test. When the sensor with the rotatable side cable is threaded into place, the flat pressing surface 111 fits tightly with the mounting plane of the device under test, so that the vibration signal is effectively transmitted from the device under test to the base housing 10.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the sensor body 20 also includes a temperature-sensitive device mounted on the circuit board 22, which can monitor the temperature of the device under test in real time. Specifically, in the rotatable side-outlet sensor with a temperature-sensitive device, the protrusion 61 is a hollow structure; the circuit board 22 includes an upper plate and a lower plate, and a shoulder for axial positioning is formed at the connection between the upper plate and the lower plate; the temperature-sensitive device is disposed on the lower plate of the circuit board 22; a through hole 121 is provided on the bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment 2112, and a limiting surface 21121 for the shoulder to abut on the outer periphery of the through hole 121 is formed on the bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment 2112; the shoulder of the circuit board 22 abuts against the limiting surface 21121, and the lower plate of the circuit board 22 extends downward into the protrusion 61. Optionally, the circuit board 22 is a PCBA board, the temperature-sensitive device is mounted on the lower plate of the PCBA board, and the vibration-sensitive device is mounted on the upper plate of the PCBA board.

[0046] Furthermore, the sensor body 20 also includes a temperature sensing probe 23 and a temperature sensing probe cap 24. The temperature sensing probe 23 passes through a through hole 121, extending downward from the bottom of the second cylindrical section 2112 to the interior of the protrusion 61; the outer circumferential surface of the temperature sensing probe 23 is press-fitted with the circumferential sidewall of the through hole 121, and the gap is welded and sealed; the temperature sensing probe cap 24 is located at the bottom of the temperature sensing probe 23; the lower plate of the circuit board 22 extends downward into the temperature sensing probe 23, and an insulating gap is formed between the lower edge of the circuit board 22 and the temperature sensing probe cap 24; the temperature sensing probe cap 24 is press-fitted with the temperature sensing probe 23, and the gap is welded and sealed. When the sensor with rotatable side-outlet wires is installed to the device under test via external threads, the lower plate of the circuit board 22, which is equipped with a temperature-sensitive device, can extend into the device under test to detect the temperature of the device under test.

[0047] Furthermore, both the interior of the sensor housing 21 and the interior of the temperature sensing probe 23 are encapsulated with epoxy resin. The epoxy resin encapsulation secures and protects the circuit board 22, temperature-sensitive device, and vibration-sensitive device inside the sensor housing 21, while also facilitating the efficient transmission of vibration signals from the sensor housing 21 to the vibration-sensitive device. The design of the temperature sensing probe 23 and the temperature sensing tube cap 24 prevents epoxy resin leakage, thereby ensuring smooth rotation of the sensor housing 21.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, please refer to the appendix. Figure 3 Appendix Figure 5 Appendix Figure 9 To be continued Figure 11As shown, the cable outlet structure 40 includes an outlet interface 41, a bellows cover 42, and a bellows retaining ring 43. The outlet interface 41 is fixedly connected to the socket 213; the bellows cover 42 is fixedly connected to the outlet interface 41; the bellows retaining ring 43 is disposed inside the bellows cover 42 and is used to cooperate with the bellows cover 42 to fix the bellows 44; the cable 70 passes through the bellows 44, the bellows retaining ring 43, and the outlet interface 41 in sequence and is connected to the circuit board 22. The bellows retaining ring 43 and the bellows cover 42 are sealed together, and an O-ring is provided between them.

[0049] Furthermore, please refer again to the appendix. Figure 9 As shown, the cable outlet 41 includes a plug-in portion 411, a gland mounting portion 412, and an internal thread portion. The plug-in portion 411 is inserted into and fixed in the socket 213. The plug-in portion 411 and the socket 213 are interference-fitted, and the gaps are welded and sealed, achieving a reliable sealed connection between the cable outlet 41 and the sensor housing 21. The gland mounting portion 412 is interference-fitted with the bellows gland 42, and the gaps are welded and sealed; the internal thread portion is threadedly connected to the bellows stop ring 43.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, the sensor body 20 further includes a cover plate 25 disposed at the top opening of the sensor housing 21; the upper edge of the circuit board 22 abuts against the cover plate 25.

[0051] In practical applications, after the rotatable side-outlet sensor is fastened to the mounting plane of the device under test via the mounting structure 60 on its base housing 10, the vibration signal transmission path is as follows: mounting plane of the device under test → base of the base housing → sensor housing → epoxy resin → vibration sensitive device.

[0052] Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention provides a train running gear fault monitoring system, including a sensor with a rotatable side-outlet cable as described in any of the above embodiments. This sensor is mounted on monitoring points such as axle box seats in the train running gear via a mounting structure 60, with its flat pressing surface 111 tightly fitting the mounting surface. The rotatable cable outlet structure 40 facilitates the routing of the cable 70 in a predetermined direction. When the fault monitoring system is in operation, the rotatable side-outlet cable sensor simultaneously collects temperature and vibration signals, which are transmitted to the monitoring host for processing and analysis via the cable 70. This enables real-time online monitoring of the operating status of key components of the running gear, combining the flexibility of installation and wiring with the accuracy of temperature and vibration monitoring data.

[0053] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, but these improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensor with a rotatable side-outlet cable, characterized in that, include: The base shell has a perforation at the top; The sensor body passes through the perforation and is rotatably disposed relative to the base housing; the sensor body includes a sensor housing, a circuit board installed inside the sensor housing, and a vibration-sensitive device mounted on the circuit board; the sensor housing has an insertion hole on the side wall of the exposed portion outside the base housing; The cable outlet structure is installed on the side wall of the sensor body through the socket for cable to pass through, and the cable is connected to the circuit board; An elastic device is compressed and disposed between the base housing and the sensor housing along its axial direction. Under the preload of the elastic device, the base housing and the sensor housing are in close axial contact to form a vibration signal transmission interface.

2. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base housing includes a base and a pressure cover fixedly connected to the base; The perforation is located on the top of the gland.

3. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base and the cover are connected by an interference fit, and a welded part is provided at the fit gap.

4. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor housing includes a cylindrical main body and an annular base formed by the radially outward extension of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body; The base and the pressure cap form a receiving cavity; the annular base portion is located inside the receiving cavity; the cylindrical main body portion penetrates the pressure cap, with part of it located inside the receiving cavity and the remaining part located outside the receiving cavity.

5. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 4, characterized in that, An axial gap is formed between the annular base portion and the pressure cap, and the elastic device is disposed within the axial gap.

6. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylindrical main body includes a first cylindrical segment located above the annular base portion and a second cylindrical segment located below the annular base portion; The second cylindrical segment is located inside the accommodating cavity, and the first cylindrical segment extends outward through the pressure cap to the outside of the accommodating cavity; the insertion hole is provided on the side wall of the first cylindrical segment.

7. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotational gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical segment and the inner sidewall of the gland, and a sealing component is provided at the rotational gap.

8. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing assembly includes an annular groove disposed on the inner sidewall of the gland and a sealing ring embedded in the annular groove.

9. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotational clearance is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular base portion and the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical segment and the inner peripheral wall of the accommodating cavity.

10. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the sensor on the device under test; The mounting structure includes a protrusion, the outer peripheral wall of which is provided with an external thread, which is used to connect with a threaded hole on the device under test.

11. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 10, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the base is provided with a flat pressing surface for fitting with the mounting plane of the device under test.

12. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 10, characterized in that, The protrusion has a hollow structure; The circuit board includes an upper plate and a lower plate. A shoulder for axial positioning is formed at the connection between the upper plate and the lower plate. A temperature-sensitive device is provided on the lower plate. The bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment is provided with a through hole, and a limiting surface for the shoulder to abut on the bottom end face of the second cylindrical segment is formed around the outer periphery of the through hole. The shoulder abuts against the limiting surface, and the lower plate extends downward into the protrusion.

13. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 12, characterized in that, The sensor body also includes: A temperature measuring probe is inserted through the through hole and extends downward from the bottom of the second cylindrical section to the interior of the protrusion; the outer circumferential surface of the temperature measuring probe is interference-fitted with the circumferential sidewall of the through hole and the gap is welded and sealed. A temperature measuring tube cap is disposed at the bottom of the temperature measuring probe; the lower plate of the circuit board extends downward into the temperature measuring probe, and an insulating gap is formed between the lower edge of the circuit board and the temperature measuring tube cap; the temperature measuring tube cap is interference-fitted with the temperature measuring probe and the gap is welded and sealed.

14. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 13, characterized in that, The interior of both the sensor housing and the temperature measuring probe is filled with epoxy resin.

15. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outgoing structure includes: The cable outlet is fixedly connected to the socket. A bellows cap is fixedly connected to the outlet interface; A bellows stop ring is disposed inside the bellows cap and is used to cooperate with the bellows cap to fix the bellows; the cable passes through the bellows, the bellows stop ring and the cable outlet in sequence and then connects to the circuit board.

16. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 15, characterized in that, The outgoing interface includes: The plug-in part is inserted into and fixed in the socket, and the plug-in part and the socket are interference fit and the gap is welded and sealed; The gland mounting part is interference-fitted with the corrugated pipe gland and the gap is welded and sealed. The internal threaded portion is threadedly connected to the bellows stop ring.

17. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor body also includes a cover plate with an opening at the top of the sensor housing; the upper edge of the circuit board abuts against the cover plate.

18. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic device is a wave spring.

19. The sensor with rotatable side cable output according to claim 18, characterized in that, The axial compression of the wave spring is 10% to 55% of its free height.

20. A train running gear fault monitoring system, characterized in that, The sensor with rotatable side cable as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

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