A monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for an archaeological site

Abstract

The application provides a monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for an archaeological site, and has the characteristics that the system comprises a numerical simulation unit, an optimization and decision unit and a PLC servo unit, wherein the numerical simulation unit is used for monitoring the data of the archaeological excavation site and performing numerical simulation; the optimization and decision unit is used for determining the optimal servo steel support space arrangement scheme, determining the optimal axial force threshold of different excavation stages and generating a decision instruction; and the PLC servo unit controls the corresponding actuator to work through the PLC control system according to the decision instruction, so that the corresponding servo steel support reaches the optimal target axial force value. The application forms a full-process, automatic and self-adaptive intelligent linkage feedback control closed loop which integrates monitoring data collection, model real-time updating, simulation prediction decision and servo automatic execution. The system can significantly improve the real-time perception, dynamic prediction and active protection capability of fragile cultural relic structures in the archaeological excavation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of civil engineering structural support and cultural relic protection, and in particular to an intelligent linkage feedback control system for monitoring-simulation-servo systems used in archaeological sites. Background Technology

[0002] With the successful salvage of large ancient shipwrecks such as the "Yangtze River Estuary No. 2" and the commencement of indoor archaeological work, ensuring the stability of the fragile ship structure during the excavation of the underlying and interior soil has become a key technical challenge. The ancient ship's hull has undergone a century of immersion, resulting in material degradation and structural fragility; any minor improper stress or deformation could cause irreversible damage. Traditional archaeological excavation relies primarily on manual experience and static support, which suffers from inherent drawbacks such as slow response, rough control, and unpredictable risks. While servo steel support systems offer a technical means for controllable force, their application in archaeology is still in its early stages. They are typically used only for manually setting fixed axial forces or making manual adjustments based on experience at a few measuring points, far from realizing their potential for dynamic adaptation.

[0003] The main bottlenecks currently faced include: (1) The ancient ship has a complex structure and unknown material constitutive properties, making it difficult to apply traditional mechanical analysis directly; (2) The accuracy of the numerical model is highly dependent on the input parameters, while the parameters of the ancient ship-soil system are time-varying during excavation, and the static model cannot track the actual working conditions; (3) Numerical simulation is usually time-consuming, and how to meet the real-time requirements of the construction site for decision response and automatically generate executable control commands is a key obstacle to practical application; (4) Seamlessly integrating the three heterogeneous software and hardware systems of monitoring, simulation and control, and ensuring long-term stable and reliable operation in complex construction site environments involves complex system engineering problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system and control method for archaeological sites, thereby enhancing the real-time perception, dynamic prediction, and proactive protection capabilities for fragile cultural relic structures during archaeological excavation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites, characterized by comprising a numerical simulation unit, an optimization and decision-making unit, and a PLC servo unit. The numerical simulation unit is used to monitor archaeological excavation site data and perform numerical simulations. The optimization and decision-making unit is used to determine the optimal spatial arrangement of servo steel supports, determine the optimal axial force threshold for different excavation stages, and generate decision commands. The PLC servo unit, based on the decision commands, controls the corresponding actuators through the PLC control system to ensure that the corresponding servo steel supports reach the optimized target axial force value.

[0007] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following features: the numerical simulation unit includes an archaeological site data monitoring module, a three-dimensional model building module, and a numerical inversion module; the archaeological site data monitoring module, based on displacement sensors and three-dimensional laser scanners deployed at the archaeological site, collects displacement, strain, and elevation differences in real time throughout the excavation process; the three-dimensional model building module, based on three-dimensional laser scanning point data, builds a three-dimensional numerical model of the archaeological site and sets initial material parameters and boundary conditions; the numerical inversion module, based on real-time monitoring data of the archaeological site, uses the three-dimensional model to derive predicted values, compares the model predicted values ​​with the actual monitoring values, and uses an inversion algorithm to dynamically correct model parameters with the goal of minimizing errors.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following features: the archaeological site is an ancient shipwreck archaeological site, displacement sensors are deployed on the structural parts of the ancient ship body, the surrounding soil, and the existing steel support system; the three-dimensional numerical model established by the three-dimensional model building module includes the constitutive model of the ancient ship, the soil model, and the existing steel support model. The constitutive model of the ancient ship is a transversely isotropic elastic constitutive model, the soil model is a Mohr-Coulomb model, and the existing steel support model is obtained by simulation using Abaqus beam elements.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following feature: the numerical inversion module uses real-time monitoring data to invert and obtain the parameters of the constitutive model of the ancient ship, including the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following features: the workflow of the optimization and decision-making unit includes: S1: dynamically updating the three-dimensional numerical model using inversion model parameters; S2: using the updated three-dimensional numerical model to perform numerical simulation of the excavation process, analyzing the stress field and displacement field of the archaeological site, identifying stress concentration areas and displacement-sensitive areas as potential key points for the deployment of servo steel supports; S3: based on the potential key points, setting multiple spatial layout schemes for servo steel supports and their corresponding axial force thresholds; S4: simulating the complete excavation process of each scheme one by one in the three-dimensional numerical model, comparing and analyzing the control effects of different schemes on the displacement and stress of the archaeological object, with the optimization objective of minimizing the deformation and stress of the archaeological object, and selecting the optimal servo steel support spatial layout scheme from the simulation results; S5: determining the optimal axial force threshold of each steel support in the optimal servo steel support spatial layout scheme at different excavation stages, forming a staged axial force threshold matrix.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following features: In S4, the mechanical behavior of the servo steel support in the three-dimensional numerical model is simplified as follows: when the absolute value of the servo steel support axial force is less than the preset axial force threshold, the axial force behaves as a linear spring; when the servo steel support axial force reaches the preset axial force threshold, the axial force is kept constant at the threshold level.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by the present invention may also have the following features: In S5, the axial force threshold matrix is ​​a two-dimensional data table, where rows represent different excavation stages or depths, columns represent each servo steel support, and the table element value is the target axial force control threshold of the support at the corresponding stage.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention may also have the following feature: the PLC control system uses a PID control algorithm to drive the actuator to control the servo support shaft force.

[0014] Furthermore, in the monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites provided by this invention, the axial force control process for the servo steel support is as follows:

[0015] S1: Read the current axial force value of the support axial force sensor;

[0016] S2: Compare the current axial force value with the target axial force value obtained by the optimal solution, and calculate the deviation value e(k);

[0017] S3: Calculate the control output u(k) according to the preset proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki, and derivative coefficient Kd, following the discrete PID algorithm formula;

[0018] S4: Convert the control output u(k) from an analog quantity to a current signal;

[0019] S5: Based on the current signal, drive the proportional valve opening of the hydraulic system, adjust the oil pressure, push the piston rod of the servo steel support to move, and change the axial force;

[0020] S6: Read the new axial force value from the real-time feedback of the support axial force sensor until the target axial force threshold is reached.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention provides a servo steel support control method based on the above-mentioned monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Real-time monitoring and data collection at the archaeological site;

[0023] Step 2: Based on the monitoring data from the archaeological site, establish and initialize a three-dimensional numerical model;

[0024] Step 3: Dynamically update and invert parameters using a 3D numerical model driven by monitoring data;

[0025] Step 4: Perform excavation simulation based on the updated model to determine potential key locations for servo steel support deployment.

[0026] Step 5: Set up multiple spatial arrangement schemes for servo steel supports and their corresponding axial force threshold combination schemes. Select the optimal spatial arrangement scheme for servo steel supports through the simulation results of the three-dimensional numerical model, and determine the optimal axial force threshold for each support at different excavation stages.

[0027] Step six: Generate control instructions based on the optimization scheme in step five, and send them to the PLC control system to control the axial force of the corresponding servo steel support so that it reaches and maintains the target axial force value;

[0028] Step 7: After the servo steel support axial force is adjusted, the new axial force and structural state are monitored and captured again, starting the next round of monitoring-update-simulation-adjustment cycle, forming a continuously operating intelligent linkage feedback control closed loop.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. More targeted: It directly uses the stress and deformation of the ancient ship's main structure as the core optimization index, rather than the deformation of the traditional foundation pit retaining structure, which is more in line with the needs of cultural relic protection.

[0031] 2. A complete closed loop of "perception-cognition-decision-execution" has been formed: from data collection, model update, simulation optimization to physical execution, a complete autonomous intelligent cycle has been formed, which is far more systematic than existing technologies that only have a single function.

[0032] 3. Operational output results: The final output of "optimal layout scheme" and "axial force threshold matrix" are specific and quantitative construction guidance parameters that can be directly used to guide the on-site installation and initial setting of the servo system.

[0033] 4. High degree of engineering integrability and automation: The control link from the cloud / server model to the on-site industrial PLC is clearly defined. The interfaces of each module are clear, making it easy to integrate into the existing construction information framework and achieve a very high degree of automated operation, significantly reducing the manual burden. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor network deployment at the archaeological site in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a numerical simulation model diagram of the ancient ship in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the PID algorithm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a model diagram of the intelligent control device for axial force of steel support in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Control cabinet; 2. Pump station; 3. Compensating section; 4. Steel support. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] This embodiment is based on the archaeological excavation of the "Yangtze River Estuary No. 2" ancient shipwreck. The servo-supported steel structure system provides the corresponding axial force by driving the steel supports through hydraulic pump stations and servo cylinders, and is the main support structure at the archaeological site.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites, used to control servo steel supports. The system includes a numerical simulation unit, an optimization and decision-making unit, and a PLC servo unit.

[0043] The numerical simulation unit is used to monitor archaeological excavation site data and perform numerical simulations. The numerical simulation unit includes an archaeological site data monitoring module, a 3D model building module, and a numerical inversion module.

[0044] The archaeological site data monitoring module uses displacement sensors and a 3D laser scanner deployed at the structural parts of the ancient ship, the surrounding soil, and the existing steel support system to collect real-time data on displacement, strain, and elevation differences throughout the excavation process. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The figure shows the deployment of displacement sensors at the archaeological site in this embodiment. The red numbers in the figure are the sensor numbers.

[0045] The 3D model building module uses 3D laser scanning point cloud data to create a 3D numerical model in Abaqus finite element software, and sets initial material parameters and boundary conditions. The created 3D numerical model includes a constitutive model of the ancient ship, a soil model, and an existing steel support model.

[0046] The numerical inversion module uses real-time monitoring data from the archaeological site and a 3D model to derive predicted values. These predicted values ​​are then compared with the actual monitoring values. With the goal of minimizing error, an inversion algorithm is used to dynamically correct the model parameters. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 In this embodiment, the constitutive model of the ancient ship adopts a transversely isotropic elastic constitutive model, and its elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and other parameters are preliminarily determined through inversion from previous monitoring data. The ancient soil model is a Mohr-Coulomb model. The existing steel support model is obtained through simulation using Abaqus beam elements.

[0047] The numerical simulation unit features closed-loop operation and dynamic model learning: once the first excavation step is completed as planned, the system enters its first automatic operation cycle. Deformation and displacement data continuously collected by the monitoring network flows into the server. The system's built-in model update service is triggered, which calls a numerical inversion algorithm to compare the predicted displacement / stress field calculated by the current 3D numerical model after simulating the just-completed excavation step with the actual monitoring data at the same location and time, minimizing the root mean square error between the model's predicted values ​​and the monitored values. After several iterations, a set of updated parameters that best matches the current model to the actual situation is obtained. This process enables the numerical simulation model to quickly correct initial assumption errors and rapidly approximate reality in the early stages of excavation.

[0048] The optimization and decision-making unit is used to determine the optimal servo steel support spatial arrangement and the optimal axial force threshold for different excavation stages, and to generate decision instructions. The workflow of the optimization and decision-making unit includes:

[0049] S1: Dynamically update the three-dimensional numerical model using inversion model parameters;

[0050] S2: Using the updated three-dimensional numerical model, numerical simulation of the excavation process is performed to analyze the stress field and displacement field at the archaeological site, identify stress concentration areas and displacement sensitive areas as potential key points for the deployment of servo steel supports.

[0051] S3: Based on potential key points, set multiple spatial arrangement schemes for servo steel supports and their corresponding axial force thresholds;

[0052] S4: Simulate the complete excavation process of each scheme in a three-dimensional numerical model, compare and analyze the control effects of different schemes on the displacement and stress of the archaeological object, and select the optimal servo steel support spatial arrangement scheme from the simulation results with the goal of minimizing the deformation and stress of the archaeological object. The mechanical behavior of the servo steel support in the three-dimensional numerical model is simplified as follows: when the absolute value of the axial force of the servo steel support is less than the preset axial force threshold, the axial force behaves like a linear spring; when the axial force of the servo steel support reaches the preset axial force threshold, the axial force is kept constant at the threshold level.

[0053] S5: Determine the optimal axial force threshold for each steel support in the optimal servo steel support spatial layout scheme at different excavation stages, forming a staged axial force threshold matrix. The axial force threshold matrix is ​​a two-dimensional data table. The rows in the data table represent different excavation stages or depths, the columns represent each servo steel support, and the table element value is the target axial force threshold for that support at the corresponding stage.

[0054] The PLC servo unit controls the corresponding actuators through the PLC control system, enabling the corresponding servo steel supports to achieve the optimized target axial force value. A PLC control system is deployed on-site, connected to the hydraulic pump stations and axial force sensors of each servo steel support via digital / analog modules. A secure and stable OPC UA or TCP / IP communication link is established between the central server and the field PLCs to ensure reliable control command issuance. Full system integration testing is performed to verify the smoothness and basic functionality of the entire chain from data acquisition, transmission, and display to model reading, command issuance, and support action. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The PLC control system uses a PID control algorithm to drive the hydraulic pump station, servo cylinders and other actuators to control the servo support shaft force.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a servo steel support control method based on the above-mentioned monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites. The specific steps are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Real-time monitoring and data collection at the archaeological site

[0057] Inside the dry dock where the ancient shipwreck is located, precise point cloud data of the Yangtze River Estuary No. 2 ancient shipwreck, the external arc-shaped beam protective structure, and the internal soil were obtained using 3D laser scanning technology. High-precision fiber optic strain sensor arrays were installed at multiple key mechanical points on the shipwreck body to monitor the micro-strain of the hull timber. At the same time, elevation changes were determined by 3D laser scanners around the hull outline and on the top.

[0058] Step 2: Establish and initialize the 3D numerical model

[0059] A three-dimensional numerical model of the ancient ship, soil, and existing support structure was established in Abaqus finite element software. The shipwreck timber was modeled using a transversely isotropic elastic constitutive model, and its elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and other parameters were preliminarily determined through inversion from previous monitoring data. The soil was modeled using a Mohr-Coulomb model, and the existing steel supports were simulated using beam elements.

[0060] Step 3: Dynamic Update of Numerical Model

[0061] By acquiring real-time monitoring data and comparing the model's predicted values ​​with the actual monitoring values, with the goal of minimizing the error, the constitutive parameters of the ancient ship are dynamically corrected using an inversion algorithm, so that the numerical model continuously approximates the real working conditions.

[0062] Step 4: Key Area Identification

[0063] The entire process of soil excavation and support is simulated in the model. After analysis and calculation, stress cloud maps and displacement cloud maps are obtained. After data export, stress concentration areas and large displacement areas (i.e. displacement sensitive areas) of the hull, support and fishbone of each analysis step are identified as potential key points for the deployment of servo steel supports.

[0064] Step 5: Output the optimized solution and axial force threshold

[0065] Focusing on key areas, a single-servo steel support scheme was first designed with a low axial force threshold. By controlling relative displacement and applying concentrated external forces, the supports were replaced with servo steel supports. For each combination, a full-process numerical simulation was performed from the first step to the final excavation. By analyzing and comparing the mechanical response and displacement changes of the servo steel supports in each analysis step on the hull, the framework, and other existing supports, supports with better mechanical and displacement responses were selected with the goal of minimizing stress and displacement. Then, the selected supports were combined in pairs, and simulations were performed with 4-5 combinations of axial force thresholds for each dual-servo steel scheme.

[0066] The maximum displacement and maximum stress values ​​of the sunken ship structure are extracted from all simulated working conditions. A comprehensive comparative analysis is then conducted, taking into account the stress and displacement of the fishbone and supports, to select the working condition that optimizes all the above indicators. The support layout positions corresponding to this working condition are output as the optimal layout scheme diagram. The axial force thresholds followed by each support under each excavation step in this working condition are compiled into a two-dimensional table, namely the staged axial force threshold matrix.

[0067] Step 6: Generation of Regulatory Decisions

[0068] After the model completes dynamic updates, the decision engine automatically starts. Operators input or confirm the next planned excavation step through the human-computer interface on the host computer. The decision engine calls the solver to perform numerical simulations of the input planned excavation steps based on the currently updated numerical model. After the simulation is complete, the decision engine analyzes the prediction results: extracting predicted displacements and predicted maximum stress values ​​for key points of the ancient ship. The system has preset cultural relic safety control targets. If all prediction results meet the safety targets, the decision engine outputs an instruction that no adjustment is needed. If a certain indicator is predicted to exceed the limit, such as a predicted displacement at a point on the bow exceeding the limit, the engine starts an embedded optimization program. This program uses the axial force of the servo support that needs adjustment as the design variable, and within the support capacity range, automatically searches for the set of axial force values ​​that will bring the predicted exceeding indicator back to the safe range and minimize the overall adjustment amount. Finally, the optimization program outputs a clear set of control instructions, such as: increasing the axial force of servo steel support No. 1 from the current 150kN to 180kN; and reducing the axial force of servo steel support No. 3 from the current 120kN to 100kN.

[0069] Step 7: PLC controls servo steel support axial force

[0070] The control command is sent to the PLC control system. After receiving the new command, the PLC's internal PID control program begins to work. Taking the adjustment of servo steel support No. 1 as an example: the PID controller reads the current value of the axial force sensor of support No. 1, compares it with the target value set in the command, and obtains the deviation value e(k). Based on the preset proportional coefficient K... p Integral coefficient K i The differential coefficient Kd is used to calculate the control output u(k) according to the discrete PID algorithm formula. This output signal is converted into a current signal by the analog output module, which drives the proportional valve opening of the hydraulic cylinder of support No. 1, thereby adjusting the oil pressure, pushing the support piston rod to move slightly, changing the support axial force, and making it reach and maintain the target axial force value. The PLC feeds back the final actual axial force reached by each support to the central server. The server records this control event and uses the new support state as a known boundary condition, incorporating it into the model update and prediction loop after the next round of monitoring data arrives.

[0071] Step 8: Intelligent Linkage Feedback Control Closed Loop

[0072] After the servo steel support axial force is adjusted, the new axial force and structural state are captured by the monitoring system again, starting the next round of the "monitoring-update-simulation-control" cycle, forming a continuously operating intelligent linkage feedback control closed loop.

[0073] At this point, a complete "monitoring (M) - simulation (S) - servo (S)" intelligent linkage feedback control cycle is completed, and the system enters standby mode, waiting for the next excavation step or monitoring data to trigger a new cycle.

[0074] Through iterative processes involving the above steps, the system of this invention can continuously sense risks, predict changes, and proactively apply precise mechanical controls throughout the entire archaeological excavation cycle, thereby providing the highest level of intelligent security for irreplaceable and precious cultural relics in a dynamic and complex environment.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it is obvious that the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. For those skilled in the art, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites, suitable for controlling servo steel supports, characterized in that: Includes a numerical simulation unit, an optimization and decision-making unit, and a PLC servo unit. The numerical simulation unit is used to monitor data from the archaeological excavation site and to perform numerical simulations. The optimization and decision-making unit is used to determine the optimal servo steel support spatial arrangement scheme and the optimal axial force threshold for different excavation stages, and to generate decision instructions. The PLC servo unit, according to the decision command, controls the corresponding actuator to work through the PLC control system, so that the corresponding servo steel support reaches the optimized target axial force value.

2. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The numerical simulation unit includes an archaeological site data monitoring module, a three-dimensional model building module, and a numerical inversion module. The archaeological site data monitoring module, based on displacement sensors and a three-dimensional laser scanner deployed at the archaeological site, collects displacement, strain, and elevation difference in real time throughout the entire excavation process. The three-dimensional model building module establishes a three-dimensional numerical model of the archaeological site based on three-dimensional laser scanning point data, and sets the initial parameters and boundary conditions of the materials. The numerical inversion module uses real-time monitoring data from the archaeological site to derive predicted values ​​using a three-dimensional model. It then compares the model's predicted values ​​with the actual monitoring values ​​and uses an inversion algorithm to dynamically correct the model parameters with the goal of minimizing the error.

3. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 2, characterized in that: The archaeological site is an ancient shipwreck archaeological site, and the displacement sensors are deployed on the structural parts of the ancient ship body, the surrounding soil, and the existing steel support system. The three-dimensional numerical model established by the three-dimensional model building module includes an ancient ship constitutive model, a soil model, and an existing steel support model. The ancient ship constitutive model is a transversely isotropic elastic constitutive model, the soil model is a Mohr-Coulomb model, and the existing steel support model is obtained by simulation using Abaqus beam elements.

4. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 3, characterized in that: The numerical inversion module uses real-time monitoring data to invert and obtain the parameters of the constitutive model of the ancient ship, including the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio.

5. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 2, characterized in that: The workflow of the optimization and decision-making unit includes: S1: Dynamically update the three-dimensional numerical model using inversion model parameters; S2: Using the updated three-dimensional numerical model, numerical simulation of the excavation process is performed to analyze the stress field and displacement field at the archaeological site, identify stress concentration areas and displacement sensitive areas as potential key points for the deployment of servo steel supports. S3: Based on potential key points, set multiple spatial arrangement schemes for servo steel supports and their corresponding axial force thresholds; S4: Simulate the complete excavation process of each scheme in the three-dimensional numerical model, compare and analyze the control effect of different schemes on the displacement and stress of the archaeological object, take the control of the deformation and stress of the archaeological object as the optimization goal, and select the optimal servo steel support space layout scheme from the simulation results. S5: Determine the optimal axial force threshold for each steel support in the optimal servo steel support spatial layout scheme at different excavation stages, forming a staged axial force threshold matrix.

6. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the mechanical behavior of the servo steel support in the three-dimensional numerical model is simplified as follows: when the absolute value of the axial force of the servo steel support is less than the preset axial force threshold, the axial force behaves as a linear spring; when the axial force of the servo steel support reaches the preset axial force threshold, the axial force is kept constant at the threshold level.

7. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the axial force threshold matrix is ​​a two-dimensional data table. The rows represent different excavation stages or depths, the columns represent each servo steel support, and the table element values ​​are the target axial force thresholds for the corresponding support at the corresponding stage.

8. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC control system uses a PID control algorithm to control the axial force of the servo steel support.

9. The monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites according to claim 8, characterized in that: The axial force control process for the servo steel support is as follows: S1: Read the current axial force value of the support axial force sensor; S2: Compare the current axial force value with the target axial force value obtained by the optimal solution, and calculate the deviation value e(k); S3: Calculate the control output u(k) according to the preset proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki, and derivative coefficient Kd, following the discrete PID algorithm formula; S4: Convert the control output u(k) from an analog quantity to a current signal; S5: Based on the current signal, drive the proportional valve opening of the hydraulic system, adjust the oil pressure, push the piston rod of the servo steel support to move, and change the axial force; S6: Read the new axial force value from the real-time feedback of the support axial force sensor until the target axial force threshold is reached.

10. A servo steel support control method using a monitoring simulation servo intelligent linkage feedback control system for archaeological sites as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Real-time monitoring and data collection at the archaeological site; Step 2: Based on the monitoring data from the archaeological site, establish and initialize a three-dimensional numerical model; Step 3: Dynamically update and invert parameters using a 3D numerical model driven by monitoring data; Step 4: Perform excavation simulation based on the updated model to determine potential key locations for servo steel support deployment. Step 5: Set up multiple spatial arrangement schemes for servo steel supports and their corresponding axial force threshold combination schemes. Select the optimal spatial arrangement scheme for servo steel supports through the simulation results of the three-dimensional numerical model, and determine the optimal axial force threshold for each support at different excavation stages. Step six: Generate control instructions based on the optimization scheme in step five, and send them to the PLC control system to control the axial force of the corresponding servo steel support so that it reaches and maintains the target axial force value; Step 7: After the servo steel support axial force is adjusted, the new axial force and structural state are monitored and captured again, starting the next round of monitoring-update-simulation-adjustment cycle, forming a continuously operating intelligent linkage feedback control closed loop.

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