A high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, which is composed of a switch cabinet body, an exhaust fan, an air filter, an air compressor, a gas heat exchanger, a gas separator, a nitrogen compressor and a nitrogen pipeline. The system separates nitrogen on site, adopts nitrogen circulation heat dissipation in the switch cabinet, effectively solves the heat dissipation and cooling problems of the high-voltage switch cabinet, especially the heat dissipation and cooling problems of the handcart plug position, reduces the oxidation and fire risk of conductors and insulating parts, improves power supply reliability, prolongs the service life of equipment, and is widely applied to high and low voltage switch cabinets in the fields of transformer substations, power distribution systems and new energy power stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power grid security and defense, and relates to the heat dissipation of high-voltage switchgear, and in particular to a high-voltage switchgear heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage switchgear refers to several categories of equipment used in power systems for switching, controlling, or protecting power generation, transmission, distribution, energy conversion, and consumption. These include high-voltage disconnect switches and grounding switches, high-voltage load switches, high-voltage automatic reclosers and sectionalizers, high-voltage operating mechanisms, high-voltage explosion-proof distribution devices, and high-voltage switchgear.

[0003] Currently, the equipment inside high-voltage switchgear relies on natural ventilation for heat dissipation and cooling during operation. Due to the limited space and poor ventilation inside the high-voltage switchgear room, although cooling equipment is installed, the internal space of the high-voltage switchgear room is relatively sealed and confined. It is difficult for the switchgear room's ventilation fan to effectively cool the equipment inside the switchgear. Traditional high-voltage switchgear has many heat-generating devices inside, and the poor environmental heat dissipation conditions cause some heat to accumulate inside the switchgear room and cannot be dissipated. Gradually, the internal temperature of the switchgear room increases, reducing the cooling effect of the cooling device. Every year, many overheating accidents occur due to poor ventilation and heat dissipation inside the switchgear room, and even serious accidents occur where entire switchgear rooms are burned down together, seriously affecting the safe operation of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a heat dissipation and cooling technology for high-voltage switchgear, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and reduce the risk of oxidation of conductors and insulation components as well as fire.

[0005] This application discloses a high-voltage switchgear heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, comprising a switchgear cabinet, an exhaust fan, an air filter, an air compressor, a gas heat exchanger, a gas separator, a nitrogen compressor, and a nitrogen pipeline. The system is characterized by: an exhaust fan installed on the top cover of the busbar compartment of the switchgear cabinet; an air filter mounted on the top of the exhaust fan using a bracket; the outlet of the air filter connected to the inlet of the air compressor; the outlet of the air compressor connected to the air inlet of the gas heat exchanger via a gas-water separator and a fine air filter; the air outlet of the gas heat exchanger connected to the air inlet of the gas separator; the nitrogen port of the gas separator connected to the nitrogen inlet of the gas heat exchanger; the nitrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger connected to the nitrogen compressor; and the outlet of the nitrogen compressor connected to the opening of the lower contact box of the switchgear cabinet via a nitrogen pipeline. The end of the nitrogen pipeline is equipped with a nitrogen nozzle according to the lower contact box of the switch cabinet. The nitrogen nozzle is made of silicone insulating material and its outlet is flat, corresponding to the opening position of each lower contact box. The original ventilation channels in the busbar compartment, handcart compartment, and cable compartment of the switch cabinet must be sealed off; The air filter is used to filter particulate matter and water vapor from the air; The outlet pressure of the air compressor is 0.9~1.4 MPa; The air-water separator further separates and collects the condensate in the compressed air. The air filter has a filtration accuracy of 0.01 μm; The air heat exchanger tube of the gas heat exchanger is used to heat compressed air to 35°C~40°C, and the nitrogen heat exchanger tube is used to cool nitrogen to below room temperature. An electronic cooling chip is installed between the air heat exchanger tube and the nitrogen heat exchanger tube. The cold end of the electronic cooling chip is connected to the air-nitrogen heat exchanger tube, and the hot end of the electronic cooling chip is connected to the gas heat exchanger tube. The contact surfaces between the air heat exchanger tube and the electronic cooling chip, as well as the contact surfaces between the nitrogen heat exchanger tube and the electronic cooling chip, are set as planes, and thermally conductive silicone grease is applied to the contact surfaces. The gas separator consists of a separator shell, baffles, an air inlet, a nitrogen inlet, an oxygen-enriched outlet, hollow fiber membrane bundles, a sealing end, and a perforated plate. Multiple baffles are arranged alternately along the length of the separator shell's inner wall, forming an S-shaped channel between adjacent baffles. Hollow fiber membrane bundles are installed within these channels, with the head end of the bundles embedded in the sealing end and the tail end penetrating the perforated plate. The perforated plate is located at the opening at the tail end of the separator shell, sealing the opening. An oxygen-enriched chamber and an oxygen-enriched outlet are located at the opening. An air inlet is provided on the separator shell, located between the baffles and the sealing end. A nitrogen inlet is also provided on the separator shell, located between the perforated plate and the baffles.

[0006] The advantage of this application is that it utilizes the inertness of nitrogen to fundamentally solve the oxidation problem of conductors and insulators, and has excellent fire and explosion protection functions, while preventing external moisture and dust from entering. It achieves high-precision gas purification and solves the problem of easy clogging of filter elements and membrane fibers through the back-flushing mechanism, which greatly extends the system maintenance cycle and equipment life; An electronic cooling chip is installed inside the gas heat exchanger to achieve bidirectional energy utilization: preheating the air can significantly improve the gas separation efficiency of the hollow fiber membrane, while cooling the nitrogen gas will give it a better cooling effect after entering the high-pressure cabinet. The gas separator uses an S-shaped flow channel to increase the contact path and time between air and membrane fibers, and the support ring prevents the membrane fibers from being squeezed and deformed under high pressure, which significantly improves the purity of nitrogen extraction. Closed-loop circulation allows nitrogen to be repeatedly recovered and reused, reducing the continuous load on the air separation system and ensuring that a high concentration of nitrogen is always maintained inside the cabinet. By employing targeted nitrogen delivery technology, the key focus is not only on reducing the temperature rise of the contact head, but also on overcoming the conditions that cause contact head oxidation.

[0007] The system integrates a solenoid three-way valve and a backflush pump, automatically switching to backflush mode based on the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. This enables intelligent operation and maintenance of the cooling system, and allows for online removal of membrane blockage, ensuring long-term stability of the system in unattended environments. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the working process of a high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to this application. Figure 2 This is an installation schematic diagram of a high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas separation component of a high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, as described in this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas heat exchanger for a high-pressure cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a perforated plate for a high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, as described in this application. In the diagram: 1. Switch cabinet, 11. Busbar compartment, 12. Low-voltage compartment, 13. Handcart compartment, 14. Cable compartment, 15. Upper contact box, 16. Lower contact box, 17. Exhaust fan, 2. Air filter, 3. Air compressor, 4. Gas-water separator, 5. Fine air filter, 6. Gas heat exchanger, 61. Electronic cooling chip, 62. Nitrogen heat exchange tube, 63. Air heat exchange tube, 7. Gas separator, 71. Separator housing, 72. Baffle, 73. Air inlet, 74. Nitrogen inlet, 75. Oxygen-enriched outlet, 76. Hollow fiber separator, 77. Sealing end, 78. Perforated plate, 79. Oxygen-enriched chamber, 8. Nitrogen compressor, 9. Nitrogen pipeline, 91. Nitrogen nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0010] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features relating to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches are also possible.

[0011] Any embodiment or design described as an "example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the term "example" is used to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0012] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: This application discloses a high-voltage switchgear heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, comprising a switchgear body 1, an exhaust fan 17, an air filter 2, an air compressor 3, a gas heat exchanger 6, a gas separator 7, a nitrogen compressor 8, and a nitrogen pipeline 9. The system is characterized in that: an exhaust fan 17 is installed on the top cover of the busbar compartment 11 of the switchgear body 1; an air filter 2 is installed on the top of the exhaust fan 17 using a bracket; the outlet of the air filter 2 is connected to the inlet of the air compressor 3; the outlet of the air compressor 3 is connected to the air inlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 via a gas-water separator 4 and an air fine filter 5; the air outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected to the air inlet 73 of the gas separator 7; the nitrogen port 74 of the gas separator 7 is connected to the nitrogen inlet of the gas heat exchanger 6; the nitrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected to the nitrogen compressor 8; and the outlet of the nitrogen compressor 8 is connected to the opening of the lower contact box 16 of the switchgear body 1 via a nitrogen pipeline 9. The end of the nitrogen pipeline 9 is equipped with a nitrogen nozzle 91 according to the lower contact box 16 of the switch cabinet 1. The nitrogen nozzle 91 is made of silicone insulating material, and its outlet is flat and corresponds to the opening position of each lower contact box 16. Air in the electrical room is filtered by air filter 2 to remove smoke and water vapor. After being compressed by air compressor, condensate is separated again by air-water separator 4. The air is then finely filtered by air fine filter 5 to ensure the service life and efficient operation of hollow fiber membrane bundle 76. The finely filtered air is heated by gas heat exchanger 6 to ensure gas separation efficiency. After entering gas separator 7, the air is separated into nitrogen and oxygen-enriched gas. The oxygen-enriched gas is led to the electrical room through pipeline. The nitrogen is pressurized by nitrogen compressor 8 and blown into the opening of lower contact box 16 through nitrogen nozzle 91. The nitrogen enters the handcart compartment 13 through the lower contact box 16 along the switch contacts. After the handcart compartment 13 is filled, it enters the busbar compartment 11 through upper contact box 15 along the switch contacts. Then it is discharged from the switch cabinet by exhaust fan 17. The mixed nitrogen discharged by exhaust fan 17 is absorbed by air filter 2 again to participate in the next cycle. This cycle continues.

[0013] The original ventilation channels of the busbar compartment 11, handcart compartment 13, and cable compartment 14 of the switch cabinet 1 must be sealed off; The air filter 5 is used to filter particulate matter and water vapor from the air; The outlet pressure of the air compressor 3 is 0.9~1.4 MPa; The air-water separator 4 further separates and collects the condensate in the compressed air. The air filter 5 has a filtration accuracy of 0.01 μm; The air heat exchanger 63 of the gas heat exchanger 6 is used to heat compressed air to 35°C~40°C, and the nitrogen heat exchanger 62 is used to cool nitrogen to below room temperature. An electronic cooling chip 61 is arranged between the air heat exchanger 63 and the nitrogen heat exchanger 62. The cold end of the electronic cooling chip 61 is connected to the air-nitrogen heat exchanger 62, and the hot end of the electronic cooling chip 61 is connected to the air heat exchanger 63. The contact surfaces between the air heat exchanger 63 and the electronic cooling chip 61, and between the nitrogen heat exchanger 62 and the electronic cooling chip 61 are set as planes, and thermal grease is applied to the contact surfaces. When the electronic cooling chip 61 is powered by direct current, it absorbs heat from the nitrogen heat exchange tube 62 under the Peltier effect and dissipates heat to the air heat exchange tube 63. The heated air enters the gas separator 7, which can effectively improve the separation efficiency. The cooled nitrogen enters the switch cabinet, which improves the heat dissipation effect on the electrical equipment.

[0014] The gas separator 7 comprises a separator housing 71, baffles 72, an air inlet 73, a nitrogen inlet 74, an oxygen-enriched outlet 75, hollow fiber membrane bundles 76, sealing ends 77, and a perforated plate 78. Multiple baffles 72 are arranged alternately along the length of the inner wall of the separator housing 71, forming S-shaped channels between adjacent baffles 72. Hollow fiber membrane bundles 76 are installed within these channels, with the ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundles 76 embedded in a sealed end plate 78. The end cap 77 and the tail end of the hollow separation membrane filament bundle 76 pass through the perforated plate 78. The perforated plate 78 is located at the opening at the tail end of the separator housing 71 to seal the opening at the tail end of the separator housing 71. An oxygen enrichment chamber 79 and an oxygen enrichment outlet 75 are provided at the opening. An air inlet 73 is provided on the separator housing 71. The air inlet 73 is located between the baffle 72 and the sealing end 77. A nitrogen port 74 is also provided on the separator housing 71. The nitrogen port 74 is located between the perforated plate 78 and the baffle 72. The hollow separation membrane fiber bundle 76 forms a bend under the action of the baffle 72, wherein there are no less than 3 180° bends and no less than 1 90° bend; The outer surface of each hollow separation membrane filament 76 at the bend of the baffle 72 position is provided with two or more support rings, and the support ring positions of adjacent hollow separation membrane filaments are arranged alternately. Compressed air enters the separator housing 71 through the air inlet 73. After passing through the S-shaped channel formed by the baffle 72, it comes into contact with the hollow separation membrane bundle 76 during the meandering process. The gas with strong permeability will enter the interior of the hollow separation membrane bundle 76 and pass through the perforated plate 78 from the tail end into the oxygen enrichment chamber 79 and be discharged through the oxygen enrichment outlet 75. The gas with weak permeability enters the space between the perforated plate 78 and the baffle 72 through the gaps outside the hollow separation membrane bundle 76 and is discharged through the nitrogen port 74.

Claims

1. A high-voltage switchgear heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation, comprising a switchgear (1), an exhaust fan (17), an air filter (2), an air compressor (3), a gas heat exchanger (6), a gas separator (7), a nitrogen compressor (8), and a nitrogen pipeline (9), characterized in that: An exhaust fan (17) is installed on the top cover of the busbar compartment (11) of the switch cabinet (1). An air filter (2) is installed on the top of the exhaust fan (17) with a bracket. The outlet of the air filter (2) is connected to the inlet of the air compressor (3). The outlet of the air compressor (3) is connected to the air inlet of the gas heat exchanger (6) via the gas-water separator (4) and the air fine filter (5). The air outlet of the gas heat exchanger (6) is connected to the air inlet (73) of the gas separator (7). The nitrogen port (74) of the gas separator (7) is connected to the nitrogen inlet of the gas heat exchanger (6). The nitrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger (6) is connected to the nitrogen compressor (8). The outlet of the nitrogen compressor (8) is connected to the opening of the lower contact box (16) of the switch cabinet (1) via the nitrogen pipe (9). The end of the nitrogen pipe (9) is equipped with a nitrogen nozzle (91) according to the lower contact box (16) of the switch cabinet (1). The nitrogen nozzle (91) is made of silicone insulating material, and its outlet is flat and corresponds to the opening position of each lower contact box (16).

2. The high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air heat exchange tube (63) of the gas heat exchanger (6) is used to heat compressed air to 35°C~40°C, and the nitrogen heat exchange tube (62) is used to cool nitrogen to below room temperature. An electronic cooling chip (61) is set between the air heat exchange tube (63) and the nitrogen heat exchange tube (62). The cold end of the electronic cooling chip (61) is connected to the air-nitrogen heat exchange tube (62), and the hot end of the electronic cooling chip (61) is connected to the air heat exchange tube (63). The contact surfaces between the air heat exchange tube (63) and the electronic cooling chip (61) and between the nitrogen heat exchange tube (62) and the electronic cooling chip (61) are set as planes, and thermal grease is applied to the contact surfaces.

3. The high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas separator (7) consists of a separator housing (71), baffles (72), an air inlet (73), a nitrogen inlet (74), an oxygen-enriched outlet (75), hollow fiber membrane bundles (76), a sealing end (77), and a perforated plate (78). Multiple baffles (72) are arranged on the inner wall of the separator housing (71). The baffles (72) are arranged alternately along the length of the inner wall of the separator housing (71). An S-shaped channel is formed between adjacent baffles (72). Hollow fiber membrane bundles (76) are arranged in the channel. The head end of the hollow fiber membrane bundles (76) is embedded in the sealing end. The head (77) and the tail end of the hollow separation membrane filament bundle (76) pass through the perforated plate (78). The perforated plate (78) is located at the opening at the tail end of the separator housing (71) to seal the opening at the tail end of the separator housing (71). An oxygen enrichment chamber (79) and an oxygen enrichment outlet (75) are provided at the opening. An air inlet (73) is provided on the separator housing (71). The air inlet (73) is located between the baffle (72) and the sealing end (77). A nitrogen port (74) is also provided on the separator housing (71). The nitrogen port (74) is located between the perforated plate (78) and the baffle (72).

4. The high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter (5) is used to filter particulate matter and water vapor in the air.

5. The high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet pressure of the air compressor (3) is 0.9~1.4 MPa.

6. The high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-water separator (4) further separates the condensate in the compressed air.

7. A high-voltage cabinet heat dissipation system based on membrane separation nitrogen circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter (5) has a filtration accuracy of 0.01 μm.

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