A laser welding device for chain production

Abstract

The application discloses a laser welding device for chain production and relates to the technical field of laser welding devices.The laser welding device comprises a base;the fixing seat, the mechanical arm, the heating nozzle and the flow guide cover are cooperated, so that the cooling speed of the welding seam is delayed, the welding seam quality and stability are improved, the functions of uniform heating of the welding seam and avoidance of cracking and peeling defects are realized;based on a heat transfer formula, the transmission temperature drop is calculated in real time, and the influences of multiple factors such as the length of the hose, the total heat transfer coefficient and the environment temperature are quantified;when the environment temperature changes beyond a threshold value, the gas flow rate is reversely calculated and adjusted, the heat loss is actively compensated, the outlet temperature of the heating nozzle is stabilized, the consistency of the preheating and the heat preservation of the welding seam is ensured, and the welding defects caused by temperature fluctuation are avoided;through image analysis, the positions of the welding seam and the heating nozzle are accurately determined, the actual distance between the two is calculated in combination with the camera parameters, the synchronous movement of the heating nozzle and the welding device and the collaborative control of the preheating before welding and the heat preservation after welding are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment technology, and in particular to a laser welding device for chain production. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of mechanical transmission, material conveying, and traction, chains are widely used in industrial production, transportation, engineering machinery, and many other fields. The welding quality of the chain directly determines its tensile strength, wear resistance, and service life. The device uses a base as the main support, with a support plate fixed to the upper end of the base. The welding plate, as the support carrier for the part of the chain to be welded, is fixed in the middle of the support plate. The moving frame is slidably installed on the support plate, and the welder is fixed on the moving frame. It can move along the support plate with the moving frame to realize welding operations on different parts of the chain. However, in the process of using existing laser welding equipment for chain production, the weld is in a natural cooling state after laser welding. The cooling rate is too fast, which causes the weld and the base material to shrink differently, generating internal stress. This leads to defects such as weld cracking and peeling, which greatly reduces the tensile strength and service life of the chain. Therefore, the above-mentioned technical problems need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a laser welding device for chain production.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a laser welding device for chain production, comprising a base, a support plate fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base, and a movable frame slidably mounted on the upper end face of the support plate, a welding device mounted on the movable frame, a heating mechanism for delaying the cooling rate of the weld and avoiding welding defects fixedly mounted on the support plate, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the welding device and adapting to welding of chains of different specifications detachably mounted on the movable frame, and a welding plate for supporting the part of the chain to be welded fixedly mounted in the middle of the upper part of the support plate, and a heating nozzle for auxiliary heating of the weld is provided on one side of the welding plate; The control box of the welding device is equipped with an intelligent control module, which includes a temperature monitoring unit and an image analysis unit. The temperature monitoring unit, based on the pre-processed data, uses the heat transfer formula to calculate the temperature change at the location where the heat source is transferred through the hose to the heating nozzle. When the real-time monitored ambient temperature change exceeds the preset threshold, the system reverse-calculates the gas flow rate that needs to be adjusted based on the amount of temperature loss caused by the ambient temperature change. The image analysis unit determines whether there are abnormal grayscale blocks based on the grayscale value fluctuation range of each grayscale block at the same time, and selects the image with the fewest abnormal blocks as the analysis image; in the analysis image, it calculates the actual distance between the heating nozzle and the weld; it draws the internal contour of the weld, identifies and records the abnormal grayscale blocks within the contour, and draws coordinate points and connecting lines between adjacent points in a binary coordinate system according to the abnormal grayscale block number, and determines the welding defect type based on the shape of the connecting line graphic; when the number of defects or the area of ​​the abnormal region exceeds a preset threshold, an alarm is triggered.

[0005] Preferably, the data analysis steps of the temperature monitoring unit are as follows: M1: Based on the preprocessed valid data, using the formula Calculate the temperature change at the location where the heat source is transmitted through the hose to the heating nozzle, where The length of the hose. The overall heat transfer coefficient and , The average temperature of the gas. For ambient temperature, For gas mass flow rate, This refers to the specific heat capacity of a gas at constant pressure. M2: When neglecting the difference in convection thermal resistance within the tube, a simplified formula is used. ,in The inner diameter of the hose. The gas flow rate is... For gas density, The equivalent thermal boundary layer thickness; when the real-time monitored change in ambient temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the gas flow rate that needs to be adjusted is calculated in reverse based on the amount of temperature loss caused by the change in ambient temperature, in order to compensate for the temperature change.

[0006] Preferably, the data analysis steps of the image analysis unit are as follows: N1: Performs grayscale processing on the real-time acquired image data and divides the grayscale image into segments according to a set pixel block size. The same size grayscale blocks are numbered according to the number of rows and columns of the grayscale blocks in the image; the grayscale fluctuation range is set according to the multiple grayscale value data of the corresponding grayscale blocks acquired at the same time, the presence of anomalies in each grayscale block is determined, the number of abnormal grayscale blocks is recorded, and the image with the fewest abnormal blocks is taken as the analysis image. N2: In the analyzed image, the grayscale block with the corresponding number is compared with the grayscale range of the weld to determine the weld position; at the same time, the position of the heating nozzle on the analyzed image is determined according to the grayscale value fluctuation range of the heating nozzle. Combining the actual distance between the camera and the welding position, the actual size of the weld, and the number of grayscale blocks corresponding to the weld on the image, the actual size data corresponding to a single grayscale block is calculated. Then, the actual distance between the heating nozzle and the laser welder is calculated according to the grayscale block number corresponding to the heating nozzle and the laser welder on the image, so that during the laser welder's welding operation, the heating nozzle always maintains a fixed distance from the laser welder and moves along the weld trajectory, realizing preheating before welding and heat preservation after welding. N3: Analyze the weld image after welding is completed, draw the internal contour of the weld on the analyzed image, identify and record abnormal grayscale blocks within the contour, draw corresponding coordinate points in the binary coordinate system according to the number of the abnormal grayscale blocks, and connect adjacent coordinate points. Determine whether there are welding defects in the weld based on the shape of the drawn graphic after connecting the lines: irregular shape is determined to be slag inclusion, round shape is determined to be porosity, and aspect ratio exceeding the preset threshold is determined to be crack; when the number of defects or the area of ​​the drawn graphic exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, an alarm is triggered.

[0007] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a fixed seat that is detachably connected to the upper surface of the support plate by bolts. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable robotic arm is rotatably mounted on the side of the fixed seat away from the welding plate. The heating nozzle is installed at the end of the robotic arm near the welding plate, and the spray direction of the heating nozzle can be aimed at the area to be welded on the welding plate.

[0008] Preferably, the robotic arm has a multi-section foldable structure and is equipped with a locking knob for locking the joint angle. The heating nozzle is connected to an external heating source through a high-temperature resistant hose, and the outlet end of the heating nozzle is equipped with a guide shroud that can adjust the spray range.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a movable seat slidably mounted on the upper surface of the movable frame. A vertically arranged fixed plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable seat. A vertically extending groove is formed inward on the side of the fixed plate near the welding plate. An electric telescopic rod with its output end facing downward is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the fixed plate. The output end of the electric telescopic rod passes through the upper surface of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate. The lifting plate is vertically slidably mounted in the groove. A laser welder is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting plate near the welding plate.

[0010] Preferably, vertically extending guide grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the groove, and guide sliders adapted to the guide grooves are fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting plate. The guide sliders are slidably embedded in the guide grooves, and wear-resistant pads are provided between the guide sliders and the inner wall of the guide grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end face of the welding plate is provided with a positioning groove that matches the shape of the chain. The positioning groove extends along the length of the welding plate, and the welding plate is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy material. The welding plate and the support plate are fixed together by a fixing pin.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By combining the fixed base, robotic arm, heating nozzle, and guide shroud, the cooling rate of the weld is slowed down, improving the quality and stability of the weld. This enables uniform heating of the weld and avoids cracking and peeling defects. Furthermore, by combining the electric telescopic rod, lifting plate, guide groove, and guide slider, it is easy to adapt to welding of different specifications of chains, improving welding accuracy and adaptability. This enables precise adjustment of the welding machine height and ensures welding quality, ultimately solving the problem of excessively rapid weld cooling in the device. 2. Based on the heat transfer formula, the system calculates the transmission temperature drop in real time, quantifying the influence of multiple factors such as hose length, overall heat transfer coefficient, and ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature changes beyond a threshold, it reverses the calculation and adjusts the gas flow rate to actively compensate for heat loss, ensuring stable outlet temperature of the heating nozzle and guaranteeing consistency between weld preheating and insulation, thus avoiding welding defects caused by temperature fluctuations. By performing grayscale processing, pixel block segmentation, and abnormal block screening on the image, interference is filtered out, and the position of the weld and heating nozzle is accurately determined. Combined with camera parameters, the actual distance between the two is calculated, realizing synchronous movement of the heating nozzle and the welder, as well as coordinated control of preheating before welding and post-weld insulation. At the same time, through weld contour drawing, abnormal grayscale block recognition, and coordinate point connection analysis, defects such as slag inclusions, porosity, and cracks are automatically identified, and warnings are triggered when they exceed the limits, realizing online detection and early warning of weld quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the other side proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure proposed in this invention from a bottom-view perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the system proposed in this invention.

[0014] The numbers in the diagram are: 1. Base; 2. Support plate; 3. Welding plate; 4. Moving frame; 5. Fixed plate; 6. Welder; 7. Electric telescopic rod; 8. Lifting plate; 9. Fixed seat; 10. Robotic arm; 11. Heating nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0016] Example 1: See Figures 1 to 4 The present invention discloses a laser welding device for chain production, comprising a base 1, a support plate 2 fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base 1, and a movable frame 4 slidably mounted on the upper end face of the support plate 2, a welder 6 mounted on the movable frame 4, a heating mechanism fixedly mounted on the support plate 2 for delaying the cooling rate of the weld and avoiding welding defects, an adjustment mechanism detachably mounted on the movable frame 4 for adjusting the height of the welder 6 to adapt to welding of different specifications of chains, and a welding plate 3 fixedly mounted on the upper center of the support plate 2 for supporting the part of the chain to be welded. Through the base 1, support plate 2, movable frame 4, welder 6, heating mechanism, adjustment mechanism, and welding plate 3, the chain laser welding device can be easily set up to realize the bearing of the part of the chain to be welded, the slow cooling of the weld to prevent defects, and the height adjustment of the welder 6 to adapt to different specifications of chains.

[0017] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the heating mechanism includes a fixed base 9 detachably connected to the upper surface of the support plate 2 by bolts. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable robotic arm 10 is rotatably mounted on the side of the fixed base 9 away from the welding plate 3. A heating nozzle 11 for auxiliary heating of the weld is fixedly mounted on the end of the robotic arm 10 near the welding plate 3. The spray direction of the heating nozzle 11 can be aligned with the area to be welded on the welding plate 3. Through the fixed base 9, robotic arm 10, heating nozzle 11, and welding plate 3, the heating position can be adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom to provide auxiliary heating of the weld and ensure that the heating is accurately aligned with the area to be welded. The robotic arm 10 has a multi-section foldable structure and is equipped with a locking knob for locking the joint angle. The heating nozzle 11 is connected to an external heating source through a high-temperature resistant hose. The outlet end of the heating nozzle 11 is equipped with a guide shroud for adjusting the spray range. Through the robotic arm 10, locking knob, heating nozzle 11, high-temperature resistant hose, and guide shroud, it is easy to lock the angle of the robotic arm 10, deliver the heating medium, adjust the heating spray range, and adapt to different welds.

[0018] Reference Figures 1 to 2As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a movable seat that is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the movable frame 4. A vertically arranged fixed plate 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable seat. A vertically extending groove is provided inward on the side of the fixed plate 5 near the welding plate 3. An electric telescopic rod 7 with its output end facing downward is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the fixed plate 5. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 7 passes through the upper surface of the fixed plate 5 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate 8. The lifting plate 8 is vertically slidably mounted in the groove. A laser welder 6 is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting plate 8 near the welding plate 3. Through the movable seat, fixed plate 5, electric telescopic rod 7, lifting plate 8, and laser welder 6, the height of the laser welder 6 can be easily adjusted to adapt to welding of different specifications of chains and achieve precise welding.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 As shown, vertically extending guide grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the groove. Guide sliders that match the guide grooves are fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting plate 8. The guide sliders slide into the guide grooves, and wear-resistant pads are provided between the guide sliders and the inner wall of the guide grooves. Through the guide grooves, guide sliders, lifting plate 8, and wear-resistant pads, the lifting plate 8 is easily guided to slide smoothly, avoiding deviation and ensuring accurate height adjustment of the welder 6. The upper end face of the welding plate 3 is provided with a positioning groove that matches the shape of the chain. The positioning groove extends along the length of the welding plate 3, and the welding plate 3 is made of high-temperature resistant alloy material. The welding plate 3 and the support plate 2 are fixed by fixing pins. Through the welding plate 3, positioning groove, fixing pins, and support plate 2, the welding part of the chain to be welded is easily positioned, and the chain can withstand the high temperature of welding, thus achieving stable chain support.

[0020] Working principle: When using this invention, the operator first adjusts the multi-section foldable robotic arm 10 of the fixed seat 9 on the support plate 2 according to the chain welding position, and locks the joint angle by locking the knob. Then, the heating nozzle 11 is precisely aligned with the chain to be welded area on the welding plate 3. The heating nozzle 11 is then connected to an external heating source through a high-temperature resistant hose, and the spray range is adjusted by the outlet guide hood so that the hot air is focused on the weld area to form a preheating and heat preservation zone, providing a constant temperature preheating environment for subsequent laser welding, slowing down the subsequent cooling rate, and preventing cold cracks. Then, based on the current chain specifications (thickness, height), the adjustment mechanism is activated, and the electric telescopic rod 7 extends or retracts, thereby driving the lifting plate 8 to slide up and down along the vertical groove on the inner side of the fixed plate 5. The guide sliders on both sides of the lifting plate 8 are embedded in the guide grooves on the inner wall of the groove, and slide precisely in the vertical direction. The wear-resistant pads ensure smooth sliding and stable positioning, avoiding deviation. Then, the laser welder 6 fixed on the outer side of the lifting plate 8 completes the height fine adjustment, so that the laser focus is precisely aligned with the chain welding position, realizing universal adaptation of chains of different specifications. Simultaneously, the moving frame 4 slides along the support plate 2, thereby driving the laser welder 6 to the welding station, starting laser fusion welding, completing the weld formation of the chain joint, and while welding is in progress, the heating mechanism continues to work, applying constant temperature hot air to the newly formed weld area through the heating nozzle 11, slowing down the cooling rate of the weld, avoiding defects such as cracks and pores caused by rapid cooling, and improving the welding strength and metallographic stability.

[0021] Example 2: See Figure 5 The control box of the welding device is equipped with an intelligent control module, which includes a temperature monitoring unit and an image analysis unit. The temperature monitoring unit, based on the pre-processed data, uses the heat transfer formula to calculate the temperature change at the location where the heat source is transferred through the hose to the heating nozzle. When the real-time monitored ambient temperature change exceeds the preset threshold, the system reverse-calculates the gas flow rate that needs to be adjusted based on the amount of temperature loss caused by the ambient temperature change. The image analysis unit determines the presence of abnormal grayscale blocks based on the grayscale value fluctuation range of each grayscale block at the same time, and selects the image with the fewest abnormal blocks as the analysis image. In the analysis image, the weld position is determined based on the grayscale range of the weld, and the position of the heating nozzle in the image is identified based on the grayscale fluctuation range, and the actual distance between the two is calculated. The weld image after welding is completed is analyzed, the internal contour of the weld is drawn, abnormal grayscale blocks within the contour are identified and recorded, and coordinate points and adjacent points are drawn in a binary coordinate system according to the abnormal grayscale block number. The type of welding defect is determined based on the shape of the connecting graph. When the number of defects or the area of ​​abnormal regions exceeds a preset threshold, an alarm is triggered. Temperature sensors installed at both ends of the high-temperature resistant hose acquire the temperature data of the incoming and outgoing gases, and perform pre-treatment on the acquired temperature data; the temperature sensors are connected to themselves... Multiple probes, performing simultaneously Acquisition of data; Preprocessing: The collected data is sorted according to the collection time, and corresponding items collected at the same time are processed. averaging the data and standard deviation The calculation, and the mean obtained from the calculation. and standard deviation Collect data fluctuation range for corresponding items The system is configured to compare the collected data for a given item with its fluctuation range, mark data outside the fluctuation range as outliers, and record the number of outliers. ,like If the collected data is abnormal, the data will be re-tested; if If outliers are removed, the mean of the remaining corresponding test data after outlier removal is calculated. The calculation, and the mean obtained from the calculation. As the corresponding data detected at the corresponding time; When the external heating source outputs a stable heat source, the heat source reaches the heating nozzle 11 via a flexible hose. During this process, temperature changes may occur due to external factors. The amount of temperature change transmitted from the heat source to the heating nozzle 11 is calculated based on the pre-processed effective data. The calculation, ,in The length of the hose. The overall heat transfer coefficient is... The average temperature of the gas. For ambient temperature, For gas mass flow rate, This refers to the specific heat capacity of a gas at constant pressure. Overall heat transfer coefficient , ,in and These are the convective heat transfer coefficients inside and outside the pipe, respectively. For the wall thickness of the hose, The thermal conductivity of the hose; the average gas temperature. , and These are the gas temperatures at the inlet of the heating nozzle and the outlet of the external heating source, respectively. After neglecting the difference in convection thermal resistance within the tube, the formula for the change in transmission temperature is adjusted as follows: ,in The inner diameter of the hose. The gas flow rate is... For gas density, The equivalent thermal boundary layer thickness; when the change in ambient temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the required gas flow rate is calculated based on the change in transmission temperature caused by the change in ambient temperature, so that the temperature loss caused by the change in ambient temperature can be compensated by adjusting the transmission speed.

[0022] The real-time acquired image data is processed into grayscale, and the grayscale image is segmented according to the size of pixel blocks, resulting in... The grayscale blocks of the same size are numbered according to their row and column numbers in the grayscale image. Based on multiple grayscale value data of the corresponding grayscale blocks acquired at the same time, a grayscale fluctuation range is set to determine whether the grayscale block is abnormal. The number of abnormal grayscale blocks is recorded, and the image with the fewest abnormal grayscale blocks is selected as the analysis image. In the analysis image, the grayscale blocks with the corresponding numbers are compared with the corresponding weld grayscale range to determine the location of the weld. Based on the grayscale value fluctuation range of the heating nozzle 11 in the analysis image, the position of the heating nozzle 11 on the analysis image is determined. Based on the actual distance between the image acquisition camera and the welding position, the actual size of the weld, and the number of grayscale blocks corresponding to the weld size on the analysis image, the actual size data corresponding to a single grayscale block is calculated. Based on the grayscale block number corresponding to one end of the heating nozzle 11 on the analysis image and the grayscale block number corresponding to the lower end of the laser welder 6 on the analysis image, the distance between them is calculated so that during the welding operation of the laser welder 6, the heating nozzle 11 maintains a fixed distance from the laser welder 6 at all times and moves on the trajectory of the weld at the same time to preheat the weld before welding and keep it at a constant temperature after welding. Simultaneously, image data acquired by the camera mounted on the mobile frame 4 is retrieved, and the weld image after welding is analyzed. The internal contour of the weld is drawn on the analyzed image, and abnormal grayscale blocks within the weld contour are analyzed and recorded. Corresponding coordinate points are drawn in a binary coordinate system according to the number of the abnormal grayscale blocks, and lines are drawn between adjacent coordinate points. The shape of the drawn graphic after the connection is used to determine whether there are welding defects in the weld (irregular shapes are judged as slag inclusions, round shapes are judged as porosity, and aspect ratios exceeding a preset threshold are judged as cracks). When the number of defects or the area of ​​the drawn graphic exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, an alarm is triggered.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for chain production, comprising a base (1), a support plate (2) fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base (1), and a movable frame (4) slidably mounted on the upper end face of the support plate (2), and a welding device (6) mounted on the movable frame (4), characterized in that: A heating mechanism for delaying the cooling rate of the weld and avoiding welding defects is fixedly installed on the support plate (2). An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the welder (6) and adapting to welding of chains of different specifications is detachably installed on the movable frame (4). A welding plate (3) for supporting the chain to be welded is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper part of the support plate (2). A heating nozzle (11) for auxiliary heating of the weld is provided on one side of the welding plate (3). The control box of the welding device is equipped with an intelligent control module, which includes a temperature monitoring unit and an image analysis unit. The temperature monitoring unit, based on the pre-processed data, uses the heat transfer formula to calculate the temperature change at the location of the heat source transmitted through the hose to the heating nozzle (11). When the real-time monitored ambient temperature change exceeds the preset threshold, the system reverse-calculates the gas flow rate that needs to be adjusted based on the amount of temperature loss caused by the ambient temperature change. The image analysis unit determines whether there are abnormal gray blocks based on the gray value fluctuation range of each gray block at the same time, and selects the image with the fewest abnormal blocks as the analysis image; in the analysis image, it calculates the actual distance between the heating nozzle (11) and the weld; it draws the internal contour of the weld, identifies and records the abnormal gray blocks in the contour, and draws the coordinate points and adjacent points in the binary coordinate system according to the abnormal gray block number, and judges the welding defect type based on the shape of the connecting line graphic; An alert is triggered when the number of defects or the area of ​​abnormal regions exceeds a preset threshold.

2. The laser welding device for chain production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data analysis steps for the temperature monitoring unit are as follows: M1: Based on the preprocessed valid data, using the formula Calculate the temperature change at the location where the heat source is transferred through the hose to the heating nozzle (11), where The length of the hose. The overall heat transfer coefficient and , The average temperature of the gas. For ambient temperature, For gas mass flow rate, This refers to the specific heat capacity of a gas at constant pressure. M2: When neglecting the difference in convection thermal resistance within the tube, a simplified formula is used. ,in The inner diameter of the hose. The gas flow rate is... For gas density, The equivalent thermal boundary layer thickness; when the real-time monitored change in ambient temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the gas flow rate that needs to be adjusted is calculated in reverse based on the amount of temperature loss caused by the change in ambient temperature, in order to compensate for the temperature change.

3. The laser welding device for chain production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data analysis steps of the image analysis unit are as follows: N1: Performs grayscale processing on the real-time acquired image data and divides the grayscale image into segments according to a set pixel block size. The same size grayscale blocks are numbered according to the number of rows and columns of the grayscale blocks in the image; the grayscale fluctuation range is set according to the multiple grayscale value data of the corresponding grayscale blocks acquired at the same time, the presence of anomalies in each grayscale block is determined, the number of abnormal grayscale blocks is recorded, and the image with the fewest abnormal blocks is taken as the analysis image. N2: In the analysis image, the gray block with the corresponding number is compared with the gray range of the weld to determine the weld position; at the same time, the position of the heating nozzle (11) on the analysis image is determined according to the gray value fluctuation range of the heating nozzle (11). Combined with the actual distance between the camera and the welding position, the actual size of the weld and the number of gray blocks corresponding to the weld on the image, the actual size data corresponding to a single gray block is calculated. Then, the actual distance between the heating nozzle (11) and the laser welder (6) is calculated according to the gray block number corresponding to the heating nozzle (11) and the laser welder (6) on the image, so that during the laser welder (6) performing the welding operation, the heating nozzle (11) always maintains a fixed distance from the laser welder (6) and moves along the weld trajectory to achieve preheating before welding and heat preservation after welding. N3: Analyze the weld image after welding is completed, draw the internal contour of the weld on the analyzed image, identify and record abnormal grayscale blocks within the contour, draw corresponding coordinate points in the binary coordinate system according to the number of the abnormal grayscale blocks, and connect adjacent coordinate points. Determine whether there are welding defects in the weld based on the shape of the drawn graphic after connecting the lines: irregular shape is determined to be slag inclusion, round shape is determined to be porosity, and aspect ratio exceeding the preset threshold is determined to be crack; when the number of defects or the area of ​​the drawn graphic exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, an alarm is triggered.

4. The laser welding device for chain production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a fixed seat (9) that is detachably connected to the upper surface of the support plate (2) by bolts. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable robotic arm (10) is rotatably mounted on the side of the fixed seat (9) away from the welding plate (3). The heating nozzle (11) is installed at the end of the robotic arm (10) near the welding plate (3). The spray direction of the heating nozzle (11) can be aimed at the area to be welded on the welding plate (3).

5. The laser welding apparatus for chain production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The robotic arm (10) has a multi-section foldable structure and is equipped with a locking knob for locking the joint angle. The heating nozzle (11) is connected to an external heating source through a high-temperature resistant hose. The outlet end of the heating nozzle (11) is equipped with a guide shroud that can adjust the spray range.

6. The laser welding device for chain production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a movable seat that is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the movable frame (4). A vertically arranged fixed plate (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable seat. A vertically extending groove is provided on the side of the fixed plate (5) near the welding plate (3). An electric telescopic rod (7) with its output end facing downward is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed plate (5). The output end of the electric telescopic rod (7) passes through the upper surface of the fixed plate (5) and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate (8). The lifting plate (8) is vertically slidably mounted in the groove. A laser welder (6) is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting plate (8) near the welding plate (3).

7. The laser welding apparatus for chain production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner walls of both sides of the groove are provided with vertically extending guide grooves. Both sides of the lifting plate (8) are fixedly connected with guide sliders that are compatible with the guide grooves. The guide sliders are slidably embedded in the guide grooves, and wear-resistant pads are provided between the guide sliders and the inner walls of the guide grooves.

8. The laser welding apparatus for chain production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the welding plate (3) is provided with a positioning groove that matches the shape of the chain. The positioning groove extends along the length of the welding plate (3). The welding plate (3) is made of high temperature resistant alloy material. The welding plate (3) and the support plate (2) are fixed by fixing pins.

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