A charging control system and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a kind of charge-discharge control system and method, the system includes: charger, LED drive module and energy storage module;Charger is used to convert alternating current into direct current, and output to LED drive module and / or energy storage module;Energy storage module is used to store or release electric energy, and when storing electric energy, charge state signal is sent to LED drive module;LED drive module is used to drive load to work according to the electric energy released by energy storage module when charger is not connected to power supply;When charger is connected to power supply, drive load to work according to the direct current output by charger;LED drive module is also used to forward charge state signal to charger, to indicate that charger adjusts the charging current output to energy storage module.The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application realizes the collaborative control of charge-discharge and load power supply, guarantees the continuous and stable operation of load, and improves the safety and reliability of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply and battery management technology, and in particular to a charging control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Large LED lighting systems, especially for applications with stringent requirements for battery life, such as explosion-proof mobile lighting, typically employ a parallel power supply architecture with multiple high-capacity lithium batteries to meet the needs of long-term, high-reliability lighting.

[0003] In existing technologies, the charging, discharging, and load power supply stages of such systems are independent, lacking system-level collaborative management. On the one hand, traditional chargers struggle to balance the safety of single-cell charging with the fast charging needs of multiple cells, leading to overheating and safety hazards when charging a single battery cell, while inefficiency occurs when charging multiple cells in parallel. Furthermore, existing battery pack systems lack sufficient management capabilities, often employing a unified charging and discharging method for the entire pack. Over long-term operation, this can easily lead to overcharging or over-discharging of some cells, gradually widening the difference in cycle life between cells and affecting battery life and system safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a charging and discharging control system and method to achieve coordinated control of charging and discharging and load power supply, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the load.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a charging and discharging control system is provided, comprising: a charger, an LED driver module, and an energy storage module; The charger's input terminal is connected to a power supply. The charger's output terminal is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module and the input terminal of the energy storage module, respectively. The second terminal of the LED driver module is connected to the output terminal of the energy storage module, and the output terminal of the LED driver module is connected to a load. The charger converts AC power to DC power and outputs it to the LED driver module and / or the energy storage module. The energy storage module stores or releases electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module when storing energy. The LED driver module drives the load based on the electrical energy released by the energy storage module when the charger is not connected to a power supply; and drives the load based on the DC power output by the charger when the charger is connected to a power supply. The LED driver module also forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, a charge / discharge control method is also provided, which is executed using a charge / discharge control system as described in any embodiment of the present invention; the charge / discharge control method includes: When the charger is not connected to a power source, the energy storage module releases electrical energy; The LED driver module drives the load to work based on the electrical energy released by the energy storage module; When the charger is connected to a power supply, the charger converts AC power to DC power and outputs it to the LED driver module and / or energy storage module; The LED driver module drives the load to work based on the DC power output from the charger; The energy storage module stores electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module; The LED driver module forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention, by setting up a driver module, a charger, and an energy storage module, allows the LED driver module to drive the load and simultaneously charge the energy storage module when the charger is connected to a power supply. When the charger is not connected to a power supply, the LED driver module is powered by the energy storage module, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the LED load. While the energy storage module is charging, the LED driver module can forward the charging status signal from the energy storage module to the charger, enabling the charger to dynamically adjust the charging current, preventing overcharging and overcurrent, and improving the lifespan and safety of the energy storage module. This technical solution achieves coordinated control of charging / discharging and load power supply, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the load and improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0008] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging and discharging control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another charging and discharging control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a partial circuit diagram of a battery within an energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a signal processing and forwarding unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a load driving unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a level signal detection unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a switchable current reference unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a filter and rectifier unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a PWM control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a power conversion unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a charging and discharging control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0013] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to scenarios with stringent requirements for power supply continuity, such as explosion-proof mobile lighting. The device can be implemented in hardware and / or software. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a charger 110, an LED driver module 120, and an energy storage module 130; The input terminal of the charger 110 is connected to a power supply. The output terminal of the charger 110 is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module 120 and the input terminal of the energy storage module 130, respectively. The second terminal of the LED driver module 120 is connected to the output terminal of the energy storage module 130, and the output terminal of the LED driver module 120 is connected to the load 140. The charger 110 is used to convert AC power to DC power and output it to the LED driver module 120 and / or the energy storage module 130. The energy storage module 130 is used to store or release electrical energy and send a charging status signal to the LED driver module 120 when storing electrical energy. The LED driver module 120 is used to drive the load 140 to work based on the electrical energy released by the energy storage module 130 when the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply. When the charger 110 is connected to a power supply, it drives the load 140 to work based on the DC power output by the charger 110. The LED driver module 120 is also used to forward the charging status signal to the charger 110 to instruct the charger 110 to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module 130.

[0014] The power supply is AC, specifically AC 100-240V, 50 / 60Hz mains power. The charger 110 converts the AC to DC to supply power to the LED driver module 120 and / or the energy storage module 130. The charger 110 can charge the energy storage module 130 independently or simultaneously power both the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130. The output terminal of the charger 110 is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module 120 to transfer the electrical energy output from the charger 110 to the LED driver module 120. The LED driver module 120 uses this DC power to drive the load 140, which can be an LED lighting system. The charger 110 and the LED driver module 120 can also be connected via a signal line to forward the charging status signal received by the LED driver module 120 to the charger 110. The energy storage module 130 can be a lithium battery pack, for example, a 6S5P architecture containing five independent 6S1P lithium batteries. Each battery pack is equipped with a battery protection chip, a charge / discharge switch, and a control chip, providing functions such as charger input detection, cell status acquisition, charge / discharge control, and overcurrent / overvoltage protection. The output terminal of the energy storage module 130 is connected to the second terminal of the LED driver module 120, enabling the LED driver module 120 to drive the load 140 when the energy storage module 120 releases electrical energy. The energy storage module 130 and the LED driver module 120 can also be connected via a signal line for transmitting charging status signals sent by the energy storage module 130. The energy storage module 130 can store electrical energy and release it when needed, sending charging status signals to the LED driver module 120 while storing energy. These charging status signals can be single-cell or multi-cell charging signals. The LED driver module 120 can forward the charging status signal to the charger 110. The charger 110 adjusts the charging current output to the energy storage module 130 according to the charging status signal to achieve intelligent charging management. For example, when charging a single battery, the charger 110 outputs a lower current to charge the energy storage module 130; when charging multiple batteries, the charger 110 outputs a higher current to charge the energy storage module 130.

[0015] Specifically, when a power supply is connected to the input terminal of the charger 110, the charger 110 converts AC power to DC power, simultaneously supplying power to the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130, enabling simultaneous power supply and charging. The LED driver module 120 uses this DC power to drive the load 140, while the energy storage module 130 stores electrical energy and transmits a charging status signal to the LED driver module 120. The LED driver module 120 then forwards the charging status signal to the charger 110, which adjusts the charging current output to the energy storage module 130 accordingly. When the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, it has no DC output and does not operate. In this case, the energy storage module 130 releases electrical energy, which drives the load 140 through the LED driver module 120.

[0016] The technical solution of this invention, by setting up a driver module, a charger, and an energy storage module, allows the LED driver module to drive the load and simultaneously charge the energy storage module when the charger is connected to a power supply. When the charger is not connected to a power supply, the LED driver module is powered by the energy storage module, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the LED load. While the energy storage module is charging, the LED driver module can forward the charging status signal from the energy storage module to the charger, enabling the charger to dynamically adjust the charging current, preventing overcharging and overcurrent, and improving the lifespan and safety of the energy storage module. This technical solution achieves coordinated control of charging / discharging and load power supply, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the load and improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another charging and discharging control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In some optional embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage module 130 includes a main control unit 131 and at least two sets of batteries. Each set of batteries includes a battery status acquisition unit 133, a charge / discharge control unit 134, and battery cells 132. The input terminal of the battery status acquisition unit 133 is connected to the corresponding battery cell 132, and the output terminal of the battery status acquisition unit 133 is connected to the input terminal of the main control unit 131. The first terminal of the charge / discharge control unit 134 is connected to the corresponding battery cell 132, and the second terminal of the charge / discharge control unit 134 is connected to the control terminal of the main control unit 131. The input terminal of the main control unit 131 is connected to the output terminal of the charger 110, and the output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the second terminal of the LED driver module 120. The battery status acquisition unit 133 is used to acquire the voltage, charge / discharge current, and temperature data of the corresponding battery cell and transmit them to the main control unit 131. The charge / discharge control unit 134 is used to control the charging / discharging circuit of the corresponding battery to be turned on or off. When the charger 110 is connected to the power supply, the main control unit 131 sorts the battery cells according to the cell voltages of at least two sets of batteries, controls the charge / discharge control unit 134 corresponding to the set of batteries with the lowest cell voltage to turn on the charging circuit, and sends a single charging status signal to the LED driver module 120; when the cell voltage of the first charging battery is equal to the cell voltage of the second lowest voltage battery, it controls the charge / discharge control unit 134 corresponding to the two sets of batteries to turn on the charging circuit, charges the two sets of batteries, and sends multiple charging status signals to the LED driver module 120; repeating voltage comparison and charging circuit control until the voltage of all batteries reaches the rated voltage, and controlling... All battery charge / discharge control units 134 shut off the charging circuit. When the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, the main control unit sorts the battery cells according to the cell voltages of at least two groups of batteries. When all battery cell voltages are greater than a first preset voltage, the corresponding charge / discharge control units 134 are sequentially controlled to turn on the discharge circuit in descending order of battery cell voltage, so that the battery discharges to the first preset voltage and then the discharge circuit is turned off. When all battery cell voltages are less than or equal to the first preset voltage, the charge / discharge control units 134 of each group are sequentially controlled to turn on the discharge circuit in descending order of battery cell voltage, so that each group of batteries discharges to the second preset voltage and then the discharge circuit is turned off.

[0018] The energy storage module 130 includes at least a main control unit 131 and two battery packs. Each battery pack consists of battery cells 132, a battery status acquisition unit 133, and a charge / discharge control unit 134. The battery cells 132 can be units for storing electrical energy. The battery status acquisition unit 133 can collect the battery cell voltage, charge / discharge current, and temperature data of the corresponding battery in real time and transmit them to the main control unit 131. The main control unit queries and compares the data of each battery pack. The main control unit 131 can also detect whether the charger 110 is connected to a power supply. The charge / discharge control unit 134 is controlled by the main control unit 131 and is used to turn on or off the charging circuit or discharging circuit of the battery pack. For example, the charging circuit can be controlled by controlling the charging MOSFET, and the discharging circuit can be controlled by controlling the discharging MOSFET.

[0019] The energy storage module 130 also includes a protection unit with functions such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, over-discharge protection, over-temperature protection, and short-circuit protection. During charging, if an abnormal charging current exceeding the threshold is detected, the charging circuit is immediately shut off to prevent high current from damaging the battery cells and to ensure personal and equipment safety in abnormal charging scenarios. The battery status acquisition unit 133 and the protection unit of each battery group monitor the status of their respective battery groups in real time, including overvoltage / undervoltage, overcurrent during charging / discharging, and internal short circuit status. When any of the above faults are detected in the battery group, the protection unit immediately disconnects the charging / discharging circuit of the battery group to prevent the faulty battery from affecting the lighting system and other normal batteries. The battery sends the fault type, fault occurrence time, and detailed parameters at the time of the fault to the main control unit 131. After receiving the fault information, the main control unit 131 immediately updates the system battery status, marks the faulty battery as abnormal, and removes it from the charging / discharging queue. After the faulty battery is isolated, the main control unit 131 will automatically recalculate the charging and discharging priorities of the remaining available batteries and dynamically adjust the charging and discharging strategy to ensure that the system continues to operate normally with the support of the remaining battery pack and achieve normal power supply.

[0020] Each battery group can also record lifespan-related data such as the cumulative number of charge-discharge cycles, and update these records in real time, sending the latest lifespan data to the main control unit 131. The main control unit 131 collects the cycle lifespan data of all batteries and sorts them from highest to lowest cycle count. Based on the sorting result, it dynamically adjusts the charge-discharge priority of each battery. For batteries with a higher cycle count than the average, their discharge priority is lowered to the lowest. For batteries with a lower cycle count than the average, their discharge priority is raised to the highest, allowing them to handle more discharge tasks. When the main control unit 131 detects that the maximum difference in cycle count among all batteries is less than a preset threshold, it cancels the priority adjustment control and restores the default charge-discharge strategy.

[0021] Specifically, when the charger 110 is connected to the power supply, it charges the energy storage module 130. The charging process includes: the main control unit 131 sorts the cell voltages of all batteries in real time, selects the group of batteries with the lowest voltage, controls its charge / discharge control unit 134 to open the charging circuit, charges only this group of batteries, and sends a single charging status signal to the LED driver module 120. This signal is forwarded to the charger 110 via the LED driver module 120, and the charger 110 adjusts the charging current accordingly. When the cell voltage of the battery being charged rises to equal the cell voltage of the next lowest voltage battery, the main control unit 131 simultaneously controls the charging circuits of these two groups of batteries to open, charging both groups together, and sends multiple charging status signals to the LED driver module 120. Similarly, this signal is forwarded to the charger 110 via the LED driver module 120, and the charger 110 adjusts the charging current accordingly. The above comparison and charging are repeated, charging the group with the lowest voltage each time, until their voltage is equal to the next voltage level, and then the number of charging groups is increased, and so on. Once all batteries have reached their rated voltage, the main control unit 131 controls all charge / discharge control units 134 to shut off the charging circuit, ending the charging process. This achieves voltage balancing across multiple battery groups, preventing overcharging or undercharging of any particular group and extending battery life.

[0022] When the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, the energy storage module 130 releases electrical energy, which is supplied to the load 140 via the LED driver module 120. The discharge process includes: the main control unit 131 sorts the cell voltages of all batteries in real time. If all battery voltages are greater than a first preset voltage, the corresponding charge / discharge control unit 134 is sequentially controlled to conduct the discharge circuit in descending order of voltage. After each group of batteries discharges to the first preset voltage, the discharge circuit of that group is immediately turned off, and then the process switches to the next group until all batteries have discharged to the first preset voltage. If all battery voltages are less than or equal to the first preset voltage, the discharge circuit is also sequentially conducted in descending order of voltage. At this time, each group of batteries must discharge to a second preset voltage before being turned off. The first preset voltage is greater than the second preset voltage. The first preset voltage can be the normal discharge cutoff point, and the second preset voltage is the over-discharge protection point. For example, the energy storage module 130 can be a 6S5P architecture, containing 5 independent 6S1P lithium battery packs. In this case, the first preset voltage can be set to 22.2V, and the second preset voltage can be the over-discharge protection voltage. When discharging, prioritize using batteries with higher voltage to avoid over-discharging low-voltage batteries; when the overall charge is low, discharge each group one by one to the second preset voltage to prevent simultaneous discharge from damaging low-voltage batteries.

[0023] In the technical solution of this invention, when the energy storage module is charging, it prioritizes charging the battery with the lowest voltage, gradually achieving simultaneous charging of all batteries. When the energy storage module is discharging, it prioritizes using the battery with the highest voltage and sets two discharge cutoff voltages to extend battery life and protect the batteries.

[0024] The energy storage module 130 can be a lithium battery pack with a 6S5P architecture, containing 5 independent 6S1P lithium batteries. Each battery pack is equipped with a battery protection chip, a charge / discharge switch, and a control chip, and has functions such as charger input detection, cell status acquisition, charge / discharge control, and overcurrent and overvoltage protection. Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage module includes battery packs B1-B5 and BAT1-BAT5, diodes D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D22, D23, and D24, Zener diodes Z8, Z9, and Z10, MOSFET Q21, transistors Q19 and Q20, resistors R120-R141 and R27, capacitors C42-C54, voltage regulator chip U7, main control chip U8, interface J1, and external interfaces TX, C+, P+, and P-. All components work together to achieve multi-battery management, power supply regulation, communication, and signal protection functions. Figure 4 This is a partial circuit diagram of a battery within an energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the battery management chip U6 is the core, integrating a power filtering circuit composed of C32, C33, C34, C35, and C38; protection devices such as Z4, Z5, Z6, and Z7; a temperature sampling circuit composed of NTC1 thermistor and R110; a current sampling and protection circuit composed of R108, R115, R116, R119, RSE1, and RSE2; an I2C communication interface circuit composed of R112, R113, R117, R118, C37, and C39; and a MOSFET driving circuit composed of R109, R111, R114, and Q13. It also includes capacitors such as C36, C40, and C41 for signal filtering and circuit stabilization, realizing complete battery management functions such as battery voltage monitoring, current detection, temperature protection, communication control, and charging / discharging MOSFET driving.

[0025] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2 The LED driver module 120 includes a signal processing and forwarding unit 121 and a load driving unit 122. The input terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the main control unit 131, and the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is communicatively connected to the charger 110. The input terminal of the load driving unit 122 is connected to the output terminal of the charger 110 and the output terminal of the main control unit 131, respectively, and the output terminal of the load driving unit 122 is connected to the load 140. The signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is used to forward a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger 110. The load driving unit 122 is used to drive the load 140 to work according to the power of the charger 110 or the energy storage module 130.

[0026] The LED driver module 120, serving as the system's driver module, is connected between the charger 110, energy storage module 130, and load 140. It performs signal processing and forwarding, buck-boost, and load driving functions. The input of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is communicatively connected to the output of the main control unit 131, and its output is communicatively connected to the charger 110. It can receive charging status signals from the main control unit 131 and forward them to the charger 110, enabling the charger 110 to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module 130 accordingly. The input of the load driving unit 122 is connected to the outputs of both the charger 110 and the main control unit 131, and its output is connected to the load 140. The load driving unit 122 can perform buck-boost functionality. When the charger 110 is connected to a power supply, it can perform buck-boost conversion on the input electrical energy, outputting one path to the load 140 and the other to the energy storage module 130 for charging. When the charger 110 is not connected to the power supply, after the main control unit 131 controls the charge and discharge control unit 134 to turn on the discharge circuit, the battery power is provided to the load drive unit 122 through the output terminal of the main control unit 131. The load drive unit 122 boosts and converts the power input from the energy storage module 130 and outputs it stably to the load 140.

[0027] Specifically, when charger 110 is connected to a power supply, it outputs DC power, which the load drive unit 122 directly draws to drive the load 140. Simultaneously, charger 110 outputs DC power to charge the energy storage module 130. The main control unit 131 of the energy storage module 130 generates one or more charging status signals based on the voltage status of each battery group, which are then forwarded to charger 110 by signal processing and forwarding unit 121. Charger 110 adjusts the charging current. When charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, the energy storage module 130 discharges, and the electrical energy passes through the output of the main control unit 131 and enters the load drive unit 122 to drive the load 140. In this case, signal processing and forwarding unit 122 may not be operating.

[0028] The LED driver module 120 includes a signal processing and forwarding unit 121 and a load driving unit 122. The specific circuit of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is as follows: Figure 5As shown, it includes the main control chip U12, resistors R147, R148, R149, R150, R151, R152, R153, R154, diode D26, capacitors C56, C57, C58, C59, C60, chip U13, fuse F8, and Zener diode Z11. In this designation, BATT1 represents the battery pack, and CH1 represents the interface. The main control chip U12 is configured with power and ground pins, control and status signal pins, with the power pin connected to a 3.3V power supply and the ground pin connected to system ground. The main control chip U12 also includes the following pins: general asynchronous serial port receive pin RX, transmit pin TX, communication receive pin RX-bt, transmit pin TX-bt, communication data pin SDA, clock pin SCK, enable control pin EN, status indicator pin BAD, voltage detection pin TL-B5, wake control pin wake, pulse width modulation output pin PWM, battery negative terminal control pin W-, battery power status detection pin SOC, and switch detection pin S. These pins work together to provide power supply, data communication, status detection, and control functions for the main control chip. The main control chip U12 receives charging status signals from the main control unit 131 of the energy storage module 130 via the communication interface and connects to the level signal detection unit 111 of the charger 110 via signal lines. These signal lines can be the S pin of interface CH1.

[0029] The specific circuit of the load drive unit 122 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the system includes inductor L1, capacitors C70, C71, C77, C78, ​​C79, C80, C81, and C82, resistors R178, R179, R180, R181, R182, R183, R184, R185, R186, and R187, MOSFETs Q25 and Q24, and diodes D28, D29, and D30. Inductor L1 and capacitors C70 and C71 form the input filter network, capacitors C77, C78, ​​C79, C80, C81, and C82 form the output filter and energy storage network, and diodes D28, D29, and D30 are used for MOSFET gate protection and freewheeling. When the charger 110 is connected, the load drive unit 122 performs step-up and step-down conversion on the electrical energy input from the charger 110, outputting one path to the load 140 and the other path to the energy storage module 120 for charging; when the charger is not connected, the load drive unit 122 performs step-up conversion on the electrical energy input from the energy storage module 120 and outputs it stably to the load 140.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2 The charger 110 includes a level signal detection unit 111 and a switchable current reference unit 112; The input terminal of the level signal detection unit 111 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121, and the output terminal of the level signal detection unit 111 is connected to the input terminal of the switchable current reference unit 112. The output terminal of the switchable current reference unit 112 is connected to the input terminal of the load drive unit 122 and the input terminal of the energy storage module 130, respectively. The level signal detection unit 111 is used to generate a level signal based on a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals. The switchable current reference unit 112 is used to switch the current reference based on the level signal, so that when a single set of batteries is charging, the charger outputs a first reference current, and when multiple sets of batteries are charging, the charger outputs a second reference current.

[0031] The input terminal of the level signal detection unit 111 is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121. It can receive a single or multiple charging status signals forwarded by the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 and generate corresponding level signals accordingly. For example, when the level signal detection unit 111 receives a single charging status signal, it can generate a low-level signal; when it receives multiple charging status signals, it can generate a high-level signal. The input terminal of the switchable current reference unit 112 is connected to the output terminal of the level signal detection unit, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminals of the load drive unit 122 and the energy storage module 130, respectively. The switchable current reference unit 112 can switch its internal current reference according to the received level signals, thereby changing the output current of the charger. Upon receiving a level signal corresponding to a single charging session, it outputs a first reference current, which is relatively small and suitable for charging a single battery. Upon receiving level signals corresponding to multiple charging sessions, it outputs a second reference current, which is larger and needs to power multiple batteries simultaneously. For example, the first reference current can be 4A, and the second reference current can be 8A.

[0032] Specifically, the main control unit 131 determines whether to perform single-group or multi-group charging based on battery voltage sorting and sends the corresponding charging status signal to the LED driver module 120. The signal processing and forwarding unit 121 of the LED driver module 120 forwards the corresponding charging status signal to the charger 110. The level signal detection unit 111 of the charger 110 receives the signal and converts it into a high-level or low-level signal. The switchable current reference unit 112 can identify the level and switch to the corresponding reference current value. The charger 110 outputs a smaller current when charging a single group and a larger current when charging multiple groups.

[0033] The technical solution of this invention, by setting up a level signal detection unit and a switchable current reference unit, can avoid slow charging due to insufficient current during multiple charging sessions, or battery damage due to excessive current during a single charging session. This achieves matching between the charging current and the battery pack charging mode.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2 The charger 110 also includes a filter rectification unit 113, a PWM control unit 114, and a power conversion unit 115; The input terminal of the filter and rectifier unit 113 is connected to the power supply, and the output terminal of the filter and rectifier unit 113 is connected to the input terminal of the PWM control unit 114. The output terminal of the PWM control unit 114 is connected to the input terminal of the power conversion unit 115, and the output terminal of the power conversion unit 115 is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module 120 and the input terminal of the energy storage module 130, respectively. The filter and rectifier unit 113 is used to filter out power supply interference and convert AC power into DC power. The PWM control unit 114 is used to output pulse modulation signals to regulate the output voltage and current. The power conversion unit 115 is used to convert electrical energy according to the pulse modulation signals and output stable DC power to supply the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130.

[0035] The input of the filter and rectifier unit 113 is connected to the power supply, and its output is connected to the input of the PWM control unit 114. The filter and rectifier unit 113 filters out noise such as spikes and harmonics from the power grid and converts AC power to DC power. The output of the PWM control unit 114 is connected to the input of the power conversion unit 115. The PWM control unit 114 outputs a pulse width modulation signal, i.e., a PWM signal. By adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse, the output voltage and current of the power conversion unit 115 are controlled to achieve voltage regulation, constant current, or constant power control. The input of the power conversion unit 115 is connected to the output of the PWM control unit 114. The power conversion unit 115 receives the PWM signal and the filtered and rectified DC power. According to the instructions of the PWM signal, it performs power conversion through components such as transformers and switching transistors to output stable and adjustable DC power to supply the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130.

[0036] The charging and discharging control system of this invention consists of three core units: a charger, an LED driver module, and an energy storage module. These three units are electrically connected and interact with each other via electrical circuits and signal lines, comprehensively covering charging, discharging, and load power supply scenarios. It solves the thermal runaway risk of high-current charging of a single battery pack, and effectively shortens the full-charge time through high-current fast charging of multiple packs in parallel, achieving a balance between safety and charging efficiency. The entire process, including charging current switching, charging and discharging mode switching, stepped charging and discharging, and equalization charging, is completed automatically without any manual operation, improving user experience and system reliability. Communication is achieved using the LED driver module, eliminating the need for dedicated communication chips and complex interfaces; functionality can be achieved with conventional components, reducing costs. Stepped charging and discharging, and equalization charging, solve the problem of overcharging and over-discharging of individual cells in multi-parallel series battery packs, extending the lifespan of the entire battery pack and significantly reducing product operating costs.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 The charger includes a level signal detection unit 111, a switchable current reference unit 112, a filter and rectification unit 113, a PWM control unit 114, and a power conversion unit 115. After the power supply is input through the charger 110, interference is first filtered out by the filter and rectification unit 113, and then rectified into DC power. The level signal detection unit 111 acquires the charging status signal forwarded by the LED driver module 120 in real time, generating a high-level signal or a low-level signal. After being identified and judged by the switchable current reference unit 112, the corresponding current reference information is output to the PWM control unit 114. The PWM control unit 114 generates a drive signal based on the reference voltage signal provided by the switchable current reference circuit, controlling the power conversion unit 115 to realize current conversion and output current to the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130.

[0038] The specific circuit of the level signal detection unit 111 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the circuit includes operational amplifier U2.3, diode D8, resistors R40, R41, R42, R43, R36, R45, and R70, node J4, and transistor Q4. The core of the circuit is a voltage comparator constructed primarily from operational amplifier U2.3, where +3Vin is the analog input signal source. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2.3 is connected to LED driver module 120, and the inverting input is connected to a fixed reference voltage of 2.5V. When the voltage of the charging status signal transmitted by LED driver module 130 is less than 2.5V, the output is low, representing single-cell battery charging; when the voltage of the charging status signal transmitted by LED driver module 130 is greater than or equal to 2.5V, the output is high, representing two or more cells charging in parallel.

[0039] The specific circuit of the switchable current reference unit 112 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, it includes operational amplifiers U2.1 and U2.2, resistors R20, R30, R31, R29, R59, R34, R48, R35, R44, and R58, capacitors C19, C9, C8, and C10, a bidirectional clamping device U5, test points J5 and J6, and a +2.5V power supply, which is connected to the output of operational amplifier U2.3 in the level signal detection unit 111. It has two preset switchable current references: a first current reference corresponding to a low level and a second current reference corresponding to a high level. More levels can be expanded according to the number of parallel batteries.

[0040] The specific circuit of the filter and rectifier unit 113 is as follows: Figure 9As shown, the system includes X capacitors (CX1 and CX2), Y capacitors (CY1 and CY2), common-mode inductors (LF1 and LF2), a rectifier bridge (BD1), filter capacitors (EC1 and EC2), a power input socket CN1, a fuse F1, a varistor MOV1, resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, a capacitor C22, and a fuse J3. The filter and rectification unit 113 can filter and rectify the power supply, providing DC voltage for subsequent circuits.

[0041] The specific circuit of the PWM control unit 114 is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the components include a PWM control chip U1, a main power switch Q1, transformers T1.2 and T1.3, diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D10, and D11, an optocoupler PH1, an adjustable reference source U3, transistors Q2 and Q6, an indicator LED1, electrolytic capacitors EC3, EC6, EC7, and EC9, capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C15, C16, and C18, and resistors R5 and R6. R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R18, R19, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R32, R33, R37, R38, R39, R51, R64, R74, R78, R79, R80, R81, R82, R83; output interface CON3; feedback interface J2. The PWM control unit uses the PWM control chip U1 as its core. It collects the output current sampling signal, compares it internally, and outputs a PWM signal with the corresponding duty cycle to drive the power switch Q1, thus achieving control.

[0042] The specific circuit of the power conversion unit 115 is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the system includes high-frequency isolation transformers T1.1 and T1.4, filter Y capacitors CY5, CY6, CY7, and CY8, diodes D6, D7, and D5, electrolytic filter capacitors EC4 and EC5, resistors R46, R47, R49, R50, R52, R53, R54, R55, R56, R57, R60, R62, R63, R66, R67, R71, R68, and R69, capacitors C21 and C17, inductor L2, current sampling resistors RS1 and RS2, transistor Q3, MOSFET Q5, and a power conversion unit 115. Under the control of the PWM signal, the power conversion unit 115 realizes energy conversion and outputs a constant current to charge the battery of the energy storage module according to the selected current reference.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a charging and discharging control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This method is executed using a charging and discharging control system as described in any embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 12 The method includes: S210. When the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, the energy storage module 130 releases electrical energy; When the charger 110 is not connected to a power supply, the charger 110 has no DC output, the system enters the discharge mode, and the energy storage module 130 releases electrical energy.

[0044] S220, LED driver module 120 drives load 140 to work based on the electrical energy released by energy storage module 130; The energy released by the energy storage module 130 is sent to the LED driver module 120, which converts the energy into a current or voltage suitable for the load 140, so that the load 140 can work normally.

[0045] S230. When the charger 110 is connected to the power supply, the charger 110 converts AC power to DC power and outputs it to the LED driver module 120 and / or the energy storage module 130. The charger 110 is connected to a power supply at its input terminal. The charger 110 can convert AC power to DC power and supply it to both the LED driver module 120 and the energy storage module 130, thus enabling simultaneous power supply and charging.

[0046] S240 and LED driver module 120 drive load 140 to work based on the DC power output from charger 110; In the case of external power supply, the load 140 is no longer powered by the energy storage module 130, but is driven by the DC power output by the charger 110 after being processed by the LED driver module 120.

[0047] S250, the energy storage module 130 stores electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module 120; The energy storage module 130 receives DC power from the charger 110 for charging and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module. The charging status signal may include a single charging status signal or multiple charging status signals.

[0048] The S260 LED driver module forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module.

[0049] In this system, the LED driver module 120 receives a charging status signal from the energy storage module 130 and forwards it to the charger 110. Based on this signal, the charger 110 adjusts the charging current output to the energy storage module 130 in real time, which can protect the battery and optimize the charging process.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2The energy storage module 130 includes a main control unit 131 and at least two sets of batteries. Each set of batteries includes a battery status acquisition unit 133, a charge / discharge control unit 134, and battery cells 132. The input terminal of the battery status acquisition unit 133 is connected to the corresponding battery cell 132, and the output terminal of the battery status acquisition unit 133 is connected to the input terminal of the main control unit 131. The first terminal of the charge / discharge control unit 134 is connected to the corresponding battery cell 132, and the second terminal of the charge / discharge control unit 134 is connected to the control terminal of the main control unit 131. The input terminal of the main control unit 131 is connected to the output terminal of the charger 110, and the output terminal of the main control unit 131 is connected to the second terminal of the LED driver module 120. The energy storage module 130 stores electrical energy and sends charging status signals to the LED driver module 120, including: The main control unit 131 sorts the batteries according to the cell voltage of at least two groups of batteries; When the charger 110 is connected to the power supply, the system enters the charging mode. Each battery status acquisition unit 133 acquires the battery cell voltage of the corresponding battery and transmits it to the main control unit 131. The main control unit 131 sorts all the batteries according to their current voltage values ​​from low to high and finds the batteries with the lowest, second lowest, ... highest voltage values.

[0051] The main control unit 131 controls the charging and discharging control unit 134 corresponding to the group of batteries with the lowest cell voltage to turn on the charging circuit and send a single group charging status signal to the LED driver module 120. In this process, the main control unit 131 first activates the charging circuit of only the charging and discharging control unit 134 corresponding to the battery group with the lowest voltage, while disconnecting the charging circuits of the other groups. At this time, the charging current can only flow through this single battery group, charging it individually. Simultaneously, the main control unit 131 sends a single-group charging status signal to the LED driver module 120, indicating that a battery group is currently being charged. The LED driver module 120 forwards this signal to the charger so that the charger can adjust the total charging current.

[0052] When the cell voltage of the first-charge battery is equal to that of the second-low voltage battery, the main control unit controls the charging and discharging control units corresponding to the two sets of batteries to turn on the charging circuit, charge the two sets of batteries, and send multiple sets of charging status signals to the LED driver module. As charging progresses, the voltage of the battery group with the lowest initial voltage gradually increases. When its voltage reaches the same level as the current second-lowest voltage battery, the main control unit 131 controls the corresponding charge / discharge control unit 134 of these two battery groups to activate the charging circuit, allowing charging current to flow through both battery groups simultaneously. At this time, the main control unit 131 sends multiple charging status signals to the LED driver module 120, indicating that both battery groups are currently being charged simultaneously.

[0053] The main control unit 131 repeatedly compares the voltage and controls the charging circuit until the voltage of all batteries reaches the rated voltage, and then controls the charging and discharging control unit 134 of all batteries to shut off the charging circuit.

[0054] The main control unit 131 continuously repeats the above process, charging one or more groups of batteries with the same voltage simultaneously. Whenever the voltage of one group equals that of the next group, the next group is added to the charging queue. In this way, the voltage of all batteries is gradually leveled out and increased together. When the voltage of all batteries reaches the rated voltage, the main control unit 131 shuts down the charging and discharging control unit 134 of all batteries, stopping charging and preventing overcharging.

[0055] The technical solution of this invention can prevent overcharging or undercharging of a certain group of batteries, extend the overall battery life, and improve charging efficiency and safety by sending different charging status signals to the LED driver module, allowing the charger to dynamically adjust the charging current.

[0056] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2 The LED driver module 120 includes a signal processing and forwarding unit 121. The input terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the main control unit 131, and the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 is communicatively connected to the charger 110. The LED driver module 120 forwards a charging status signal to the charger 110 to instruct the charger 110 to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module 130, including: The signal processing and forwarding unit 121 forwards a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger 110.

[0057] The signal processing and forwarding unit 121 receives a single or multiple charging status signals from the main control unit 131 of the energy storage module 130, and forwards them to the charger directly or after simple processing. A single charging status signal indicates that only one battery is currently charging, while multiple charging status signals indicate that two or more batteries are currently charging in parallel. After receiving the charging status signals, the charger 110 adjusts the charging current. If a single charging status signal is received, the charger 110 can output a smaller or moderate charging current. If multiple charging status signals are received, the charger 110 can output a larger charging current. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the charging current, improving charging efficiency and preventing overcurrent damage to the battery.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made. Figure 2The charger 110 includes a level signal detection unit 111 and a switchable current reference unit 112. The input terminal of the level signal detection unit 111 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit 121, and the output terminal of the level signal detection unit 111 is connected to the input terminal of the switchable current reference unit 112. The output terminal of the switchable current reference unit 112 is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module 120 and the input terminal of the energy storage module 130, respectively. After the signal processing and forwarding unit 121 forwards a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger 110, it also includes: The level signal detection unit 111 generates a level signal based on a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals; The level signal detection unit 111 receives a signal from the LED driver module 120, identifies whether it is single-group charging or multi-group charging, and then outputs a corresponding level signal. For example, it outputs a low level when charging a single group and a high level when charging multiple groups.

[0059] The switchable current reference unit 112 switches the current reference according to the level signal so that when a single battery is being charged, the charger 110 outputs a first reference current, and when multiple batteries are being charged, the charger 110 outputs a second reference current.

[0060] The switchable current reference unit 112 receives level signals from the level signal detection unit and switches to different current reference sources according to the level. When a level corresponding to a single charging group is received, the first reference current is selected; when multiple charging groups are received, the second reference current is selected. After switching the reference, the charger's output current becomes either the first or the second reference current, and is simultaneously supplied to the LED driver module 1210 and the energy storage module 130 through its output terminal. The charger 110 can automatically adapt to the charging needs of the batteries inside the energy storage module 130, using a smaller current to prevent overcharging when charging a single battery group, and using a larger current to increase the charging speed when charging multiple batteries.

[0061] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, when the charger is not connected to a power supply, the energy storage module releases electrical energy, including: The main control unit sorts the batteries according to the cell voltage of at least two groups of batteries; Similar to the charging process, each battery status acquisition unit 133 acquires the cell voltage of its corresponding battery and transmits it to the main control unit 131. The main control unit then sorts the cells by voltage value from high to low to prepare for subsequent discharge. Sorting from high to low is to prioritize the discharge of batteries with higher voltage to balance the remaining charge in each group of batteries.

[0062] When all battery cell voltages are greater than the first preset voltage, the main control unit sequentially controls the corresponding charge and discharge control units to turn on the discharge circuit in descending order of battery cell voltage, so that the battery discharges to the first preset voltage and then turns off the discharge circuit. When all batteries have a current voltage higher than a first preset voltage, only one group of batteries is discharged at a time, in descending order of voltage. First, the group with the highest voltage is allowed to discharge, supplying power to the load. When the voltage of this group drops to the first preset voltage, the main control unit shuts off its discharge circuit. Then, the next highest voltage battery is allowed to discharge, similarly shutting off after its voltage drops to the first preset voltage. This process continues until all batteries have reached the first preset voltage.

[0063] When all battery cell voltages are less than or equal to the first preset voltage, the main control unit controls each group of charge and discharge control units to sequentially turn on the discharge circuit according to the battery cell voltage from high to low, so that each group of batteries discharges to the second preset voltage and then turns off the discharge circuit.

[0064] In this system, all batteries have a current voltage less than or equal to a first preset voltage. The discharge circuits of each group are sequentially activated in descending order of voltage. Discharge begins with the battery with the highest current voltage and continues until it drops to a second preset voltage, at which point it is shut off. The next group then discharges, also until it drops to the second preset voltage, and so on. Continuing to discharge in descending order when battery levels are generally low maximizes the utilization of remaining energy while ensuring that no battery group's voltage falls below the second preset voltage. Ultimately, all batteries are brought to a safe low-charge state.

[0065] The technical solution of this invention prioritizes the use of high-voltage batteries and prevents over-discharge by using two preset voltage thresholds. Discharging occurs sequentially from high to low voltage, which helps to keep the voltages of multiple battery groups as consistent as possible, improving system lifespan and reliability.

[0066] refer to Figure 2The charging and discharging control process of the present invention includes: the main control unit 131 of the energy storage module 130 detects whether the input terminal is connected to the charger 110; if no charger 110 input is detected, the system enters the battery discharge power supply mode: the main control unit 131 controls the charging and discharging control unit 134 to conduct the battery discharge circuit and cut off the charging circuit, the battery outputs electrical energy to the LED driver module 120, which is boosted and converted by the load driver unit 122 to supply power to the load 140, and the discharge control logic is executed synchronously; if a charger input is detected, the system enters the charger power supply and energy storage mode. In the charging mode of module 130, the main control unit 131 controls the charging and discharging control unit 134 to conduct the battery discharge circuit; the electrical energy input from the charger 110 is converted by the load drive unit 122 and directly supplied to the load 140, and output to the energy storage module 130 to start the charging process and execute the charging control logic synchronously; after the battery of the energy storage module 130 is fully charged, if the charger is not disconnected, the system maintains the direct supply mode of the charger 110, the load 140 is directly powered by the charger 110 throughout the process, and the energy storage module 130 only maintains a fully charged balanced state and does not participate in the discharge.

[0067] The discharge control logic of this invention includes: after the discharge function is started, the battery cell voltage of each battery is collected by the battery status acquisition unit 133, and then the main control unit 131 performs voltage sorting and comparison; when all cell voltages are higher than the first preset voltage, the main control unit 131 selects the discharge circuit of the single battery group with the highest conduction voltage, and shuts off the discharge circuits of the remaining battery groups, entering the single-group discharge state; the main control unit 131 collects the voltage of the discharging battery in real time, and when the voltage of the battery group discharges to the first preset voltage, shuts off its discharge circuit, and simultaneously selects to open the discharge circuit of the battery group with the second highest voltage, switching to the next battery group for discharge; when the voltage of all battery groups discharges to below the first preset voltage, the main control unit cyclically turns on the discharge circuits of each battery group in descending order of voltage, executing the sequential discharge logic; when a single battery group discharges to the second preset voltage, its discharge circuit is immediately shut off, ending the current discharge process, and switching to the battery group with the highest remaining voltage to continue discharging; until all battery groups discharge to the second preset voltage, the discharge circuits of all battery groups are shut off, the discharge process ends, and the system enters the undervoltage protection state.

[0068] The charging control logic of this invention includes: after the charging function is activated, the battery cell voltage of each battery is collected by the battery status acquisition unit 133, and then the main control unit 131 performs voltage sorting and comparison; the main control unit selects the charging circuit of the single battery group with the lowest turn-on voltage, and turns off the charging circuits of the other battery groups, entering a single-group charging state, and at the same time sends a single-group charging status signal to the LED driver module 120; the LED driver module 120 forwards the received single-group charging status signal to the charger 110; the level signal detection unit 111 of the charger 110 generates a low-level signal according to the received single-group charging status signal, selects the first reference current, and controls the output of a constant first reference current through the PWM control unit 114 to charge the single battery group; the main control unit 131 collects charging data in real time. When the voltage of the battery in the charging circuit reaches the same level as that of the next lower voltage battery group, the charging circuits of both battery groups are simultaneously activated, entering a parallel charging state. At the same time, multiple charging status signals are sent to the LED driver module 120. The LED driver module 120 forwards the received multiple charging status signals to the charger 110. The charger 110's level signal detection unit generates a high-level signal based on the received multiple charging status signals, selects the second reference current, and controls the output of a constant first reference current through the PWM control unit 114 to charge the two parallel battery units. This voltage judgment and parallel switching logic is repeated until all batteries are charged in parallel. After all batteries are charged to their rated voltage, the charging circuit transistors of all batteries are turned off, and the charging process ends.

[0069] The charging and discharging control method of the present invention can also solve the problem of shortened lifespan caused by frequent charging and discharging of batteries when traditional emergency lights are charging and discharging simultaneously. When the energy storage module is discharging, the charger is connected to the power supply, and the main control unit of the energy storage module sends a control signal to the charging and discharging control unit of all batteries to disconnect the discharge circuit and ensure that all batteries exit the discharge state.

[0070] When the charging and discharging system enters the charging state, the main current path is from the charger to the energy storage module. When a load is detected, the system immediately switches to the charger's dual-output mode: one output maintains normal charging of the battery pack, while the other directly powers the LED lighting system. At this time, the load can be completely isolated from the battery discharge circuit, ensuring that all batteries only enter the charging state without any discharge current.

[0071] The energy storage module can adopt a modular independent battery design. When any group of batteries malfunctions or is damaged, it can be automatically isolated without affecting the normal use of the whole machine. The specific process is as follows: Each battery group's battery status acquisition and protection units monitor the status of its respective battery group in real time, including overvoltage / undervoltage, overcurrent during charging / discharging, and internal short circuit conditions. When any of these faults is detected in a battery group, the protection unit immediately disconnects the charging / discharging circuit of that battery group to prevent the faulty battery from affecting the lighting system and other normal batteries. The faulty battery sends the fault type, fault occurrence time, and detailed parameters at the time of the fault to the main control unit. Upon receiving the fault information, the main control unit immediately updates the system battery status, marks the faulty battery as abnormal, and removes it from the charging / discharging queue. The main control unit sends the fault information to the LED driver module. The LED driver module can issue an alarm through intermittent buzzer sounds or by pushing the fault information to the user's mobile app via its built-in Bluetooth, notifying the user to replace the faulty battery in a timely manner. After the faulty battery is isolated, the main control unit will automatically recalculate the charging / discharging priority of the remaining available batteries and dynamically adjust the charging / discharging strategy to ensure that the system continues to operate normally with the support of the remaining battery packs, achieving normal power supply.

[0072] The charging and discharging system of this invention can also solve the problem of uneven battery aging caused by excessive use of a single battery in a multi-battery parallel system. The specific control process is as follows: Each battery group records its cumulative charge-discharge cycle count and other lifespan-related data, and updates the records in real time, sending the latest lifespan data to the main control unit. The main control unit collects the cycle life data of all batteries and sorts them from highest to lowest according to the number of cycles. Based on the sorting results, the charging and discharging priority of each battery is dynamically adjusted. For batteries with a cycle count higher than the average cycle count, their discharge priority is reduced to the lowest. For batteries with a cycle count lower than the average cycle count, their discharge priority is increased to the highest, allowing them to undertake more discharge tasks. When the main control unit detects that the maximum difference in the number of cycles of all batteries is less than a preset threshold, the above priority adjustment control is canceled, and the default charging and discharging strategy is restored. For example, the preset threshold can be 20 cycles. When the cycle count of the battery pack reaches 80% of its rated lifespan, the user is notified in advance via wireless communication from the LED driver module to replace the battery in a timely manner.

[0073] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0074] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging control system, characterized in that, include: Charger, LED driver module and energy storage module; The charger's input terminal is connected to a power supply. The charger's output terminal is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module and the input terminal of the energy storage module, respectively. The second terminal of the LED driver module is connected to the output terminal of the energy storage module, and the output terminal of the LED driver module is connected to a load. The charger converts AC power to DC power and outputs it to the LED driver module and / or the energy storage module. The energy storage module stores or releases electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module when storing energy. The LED driver module drives the load based on the electrical energy released by the energy storage module when the charger is not connected to a power supply; and drives the load based on the DC power output by the charger when the charger is connected to a power supply. The LED driver module also forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module.

2. The charging and discharging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a main control unit and at least two sets of batteries. Each set of batteries includes a battery status acquisition unit, a charge / discharge control unit, and battery cells. The input terminal of the battery status acquisition unit is connected to the corresponding battery cell, and the output terminal of the battery status acquisition unit is connected to the input terminal of the main control unit. The first terminal of the charge / discharge control unit is connected to the corresponding battery cell, and the second terminal of the charge / discharge control unit is connected to the control terminal of the main control unit. The input terminal of the main control unit is connected to the output terminal of the charger, and the output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the second terminal of the LED driver module. The battery status acquisition unit is used to acquire the corresponding battery cell voltage, charge / discharge current, and temperature data, and transmit them to the main control unit. The charge / discharge control unit is used to control the charging / discharge circuit of the corresponding battery to be turned on or off. When the charger is connected to a power supply, the main control unit is used to sort the battery cells according to the battery cell voltage of at least two sets of batteries, control the charge / discharge control unit corresponding to the set of batteries with the lowest cell voltage to turn on the charging circuit, and send the charge / discharge current to the LED driver module. The LED driver module sends a single charging status signal; when the cell voltage of the first-charge battery is equal to the cell voltage of the second-lowest voltage battery, it controls the charging and discharging control units corresponding to the two battery groups to conduct the charging circuit, charge the two battery groups, and send multiple charging status signals to the LED driver module; it repeats voltage comparison and charging circuit control until the voltage of all batteries reaches the rated voltage, and then controls the charging and discharging control units of all batteries to turn off the charging circuit; when the charger is not connected to a power supply, the main control unit is used to sort the battery cells according to the cell voltage of at least two battery groups. When all battery cell voltages are greater than a first preset voltage, it controls the corresponding charging and discharging control units to conduct the discharging circuit in descending order of cell voltage, so that the battery discharges to the first preset voltage and then turns off the discharging circuit; when all battery cell voltages are less than or equal to the first preset voltage, it controls each group of charging and discharging control units to conduct the discharging circuit in descending order of cell voltage, so that each group of batteries discharges to the second preset voltage and then turns off the discharging circuit.

3. The charging and discharging control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The LED driving module includes a signal processing and forwarding unit and a load driving unit. The input terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the main control unit, and the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit is communicatively connected to the charger. The input terminal of the load driving unit is connected to the output terminal of the charger and the output terminal of the main control unit, respectively, and the output terminal of the load driving unit is connected to the load. The signal processing and forwarding unit is used to forward a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger. The load driving unit is used to drive the load to work according to the power of the charger or the energy storage module.

4. The charging and discharging control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charger includes a level signal detection unit and a switchable current reference unit; The input terminal of the level signal detection unit is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit, the output terminal of the level signal detection unit is connected to the input terminal of the switchable current reference unit, and the output terminal of the switchable current reference unit is connected to the input terminal of the load driving unit and the input terminal of the energy storage module, respectively. The level signal detection unit is used to generate a level signal based on the single charging status signal or multiple charging status signals; the switchable current reference unit is used to switch the current reference based on the level signal, so that when a single battery is charging, the charger outputs a first reference current, and when multiple batteries are charging, the charger outputs a second reference current.

5. The charging and discharging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charger also includes a filter and rectification unit, a PWM control unit, and a power conversion unit; The input terminal of the filtering and rectifying unit is connected to the power supply, the output terminal of the filtering and rectifying unit is connected to the input terminal of the PWM control unit, the output terminal of the PWM control unit is connected to the input terminal of the power conversion unit, and the output terminal of the power conversion unit is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module and the input terminal of the energy storage module, respectively. The filtering and rectifying unit is used to filter out power supply interference and convert AC power into DC power. The PWM control unit is used to output pulse modulation signals to regulate the output voltage and current. The power conversion unit is used to convert electrical energy according to the pulse modulation signals and output stable DC power to supply the LED driver module and the energy storage module.

6. A charging and discharging control method, characterized in that, The method is executed using a charge / discharge control system as described in any one of claims 1-5; the method includes: When the charger is not connected to a power source, the energy storage module releases electrical energy; The LED driver module drives the load to work based on the electrical energy released by the energy storage module; When the charger is connected to a power supply, the charger converts AC power to DC power and outputs it to the LED driver module and / or energy storage module; The LED driver module drives the load to work based on the DC power output from the charger; The energy storage module stores electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module; The LED driver module forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module.

7. The charging and discharging control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a main control unit and at least two sets of batteries. Each set of batteries includes a battery status acquisition unit, a charge / discharge control unit, and battery cells. The input terminal of the battery status acquisition unit is connected to the corresponding battery cell, and the output terminal of the battery status acquisition unit is connected to the input terminal of the main control unit. The first terminal of the charge / discharge control unit is connected to the corresponding battery cell, and the second terminal of the charge / discharge control unit is connected to the control terminal of the main control unit. The input terminal of the main control unit is connected to the output terminal of the charger, and the output terminal of the main control unit is connected to the second terminal of the LED driver module. The energy storage module stores electrical energy and sends a charging status signal to the LED driver module, including: The main control unit sorts the batteries according to the cell voltage of at least two groups of batteries; The main control unit controls the charging and discharging control unit corresponding to the group of batteries with the lowest cell voltage to turn on the charging circuit and sends a single group charging status signal to the LED driver module. When the cell voltage of the first-charge battery is equal to the cell voltage of the second-low voltage battery, the main control unit controls the charging and discharging control units corresponding to the two sets of batteries to turn on the charging circuit, charge the two sets of batteries, and send multiple sets of charging status signals to the LED driving module. The main control unit repeatedly compares the voltage and controls the charging circuit until the voltage of all batteries reaches the rated voltage, and then controls the charging and discharging control units of all batteries to shut off the charging circuit.

8. The charging and discharging control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The LED driver module includes a signal processing and forwarding unit. The input terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the main control unit, and the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit is communicatively connected to the charger. The LED driver module forwards the charging status signal to the charger to instruct the charger to adjust the charging current output to the energy storage module, including: The signal processing and forwarding unit forwards a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger.

9. The charging and discharging control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The charger includes a level signal detection unit and a switchable current reference unit. The input terminal of the level signal detection unit is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing and forwarding unit, and the output terminal of the level signal detection unit is connected to the input terminal of the switchable current reference unit. The output terminal of the switchable current reference unit is connected to the first terminal of the LED driver module and the input terminal of the energy storage module, respectively. After the signal processing and forwarding unit forwards a single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals to the charger, the system further includes: The level signal detection unit generates a level signal based on the single set of charging status signals or multiple sets of charging status signals; The switchable current reference unit switches the current reference according to the level signal, so that when a single battery is being charged, the charger outputs a first reference current, and when multiple batteries are being charged, the charger outputs a second reference current.

10. The charging and discharging control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the charger is not connected to a power source, the energy storage module releases electrical energy, including: The main control unit sorts the batteries according to the cell voltage of at least two groups of batteries; When all battery cell voltages are greater than the first preset voltage, the main control unit sequentially controls the corresponding charge and discharge control units to turn on the discharge circuit in descending order of battery cell voltage, so that the battery discharges to the first preset voltage and then turns off the discharge circuit. When all battery cell voltages are less than or equal to the first preset voltage, the main control unit controls each group of charge and discharge control units to sequentially turn on the discharge circuit according to the battery cell voltage from high to low, so that each group of batteries discharges to the second preset voltage and then turns off the discharge circuit.

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