An orifice plate air outlet and control system with flow regulation and opening / closing functions

Abstract

This invention relates to a perforated plate air outlet and control system with adjustable flow rate and opening / closing functions. The system includes an air outlet frame and a perforated plate assembly. A ventilation channel is provided in the middle of the air outlet frame. The perforated plate assembly is located at the ventilation channel of the air outlet frame. The perforated plate assembly is a double-plate stacked structure with openings. An adjustment mechanism is connected to the perforated plate assembly, which drives the perforated plate assembly to cause the openings in the double-plate stacked structure to be misaligned, blocked, or overlapped. This invention achieves three main functions: uniform air supply, stepless airflow adjustment, and complete opening / closing. Furthermore, by combining an electric actuator with sensors and a controller, the air supply volume is adjusted in real time, enabling automatic monitoring and precise control of room airflow and environment. This reduces ineffective air supply and unit load, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the ventilation and air conditioning system, significantly enhancing comfort and energy-saving potential, and meeting the advanced requirements of modern intelligent buildings for digital and networked terminal equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ventilation equipment, and more particularly to an orifice plate vent and control system with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions. Background Technology

[0002] In modern ventilation and air conditioning systems, air vents are key components for regulating airflow. Traditional perforated plate air vents achieve uniform airflow through evenly spaced perforations, creating a more uniform, gentle, and low-noise airflow distribution. This avoids the direct impact of airflow and the effects of localized high-speed flow on personnel or equipment. This uniform airflow distribution helps create a more comfortable and stable indoor environment, reduces temperature gradients and airflow noise, and improves comfort. It is widely used in clean rooms and large-space ventilation applications such as subways, tunnels, and industrial plants.

[0003] In existing technologies, perforated plate air vents have a relatively simple function, merely serving as fixed openings for air supply or return. They cannot adjust the air supply volume or control the opening and closing based on changes in room occupancy, heat load, and air quality. Furthermore, they cannot automatically monitor and accurately control room airflow and temperature, leading to unstable room temperature and impacting comfort. The inability to dynamically adjust the air supply volume according to actual room load changes results in the system operating at full load for extended periods, causing energy waste. In modern building environments that emphasize energy conservation, comfort, and intelligent control, the use of perforated plate air vents without adjustment functions is increasingly insufficient. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a perforated plate air vent with adjustable flow rate and opening / closing capabilities to address the problems of limited functionality and inconvenient operation in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an orifice plate vent and control system with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An orifice plate vent with adjustable flow rate and opening / closing functions includes an vent frame and an orifice plate assembly. The vent frame has a ventilation channel in the middle, and the orifice plate assembly is located at the ventilation channel of the vent frame. The orifice plate assembly is a double-plate stacked structure with openings. The orifice plate assembly is connected to an adjustment mechanism, which can drive the orifice plate assembly to make the openings of the double-plate stacked structure misaligned, blocked, or overlapping.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the perforated plate assembly includes a fixed perforated plate disposed on one side of the air outlet frame and a movable adjusting plate. The surface of the fixed perforated plate is provided with an external ventilation hole, and the surface of the movable adjusting plate is provided with an internal ventilation hole. The adjusting mechanism can drive the movable adjusting plate to move back and forth, so that the external ventilation hole and the internal ventilation hole are misaligned, blocked or overlapped.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the surface of the fixed perforated plate is distributed with a plurality of circular or strip-shaped external ventilation holes, and the surface of the movable adjustment plate is distributed with a plurality of circular or strip-shaped internal ventilation holes. The external ventilation holes and internal ventilation holes are matched in structure and number, and can be misaligned, blocked or overlapped.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the fixed perforated plate is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the air outlet frame, and the outer surface of the fixed perforated plate is flush with the outer surface of the air outlet frame, and the movable adjustment plate and adjustment mechanism are located inside the air outlet frame.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the adjustment mechanism can drive the outer ventilation holes and inner ventilation holes of the continuously variable adjustment orifice plate assembly to form misalignment, obstruction or overlap through thread. The adjustment mechanism includes a driving part and an adjustment screw connected to the driving part. The adjustment screw is connected to the movable adjustment plate. The driving part can drive the adjustment screw to move the movable adjustment plate back and forth. The driving part includes an adjustment worm gear threadedly connected to the adjustment screw and an adjustment worm gear meshing with the adjustment worm gear. The surface of the movable adjustment plate is provided with a clearance waist-shaped hole. The adjustment worm gear passes through the clearance waist-shaped hole of the movable adjustment plate and the fixed orifice plate and is arranged outward.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, preferably, a worm gear fixing seat is fixedly connected to the air outlet frame or the fixing hole plate, one end of the adjusting worm gear is rotatably connected to the worm gear fixing seat, the worm gear fixing seat is fixedly connected to two oppositely arranged connecting plates, and the adjusting worm wheel is rotatably connected between the two connecting plates.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the movable adjustment plate is provided with a positioning shaft, and the fixed hole plate is provided with a positioning waist-shaped hole at a position relative to the positioning shaft. When the movable adjustment plate moves back and forth, the positioning shaft moves back and forth in the positioning waist-shaped hole.

[0012] This application also discloses a control system for an orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions, based on the above-mentioned orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions, comprising: Temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect the actual temperature value in the room and transmit it to the controller in real time; The wind speed sensor is used to collect the actual wind speed value at the perforated plate vent and transmit it to the controller in real time; The controller is used to receive the actual temperature value and the actual wind speed value, and send control commands to the electric actuator; An electric actuator, connected to the adjusting worm gear, is used to receive the control command and drive the adjusting worm gear to rotate in order to adjust the opening size of the orifice plate assembly.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the controller compares the received actual wind speed value and actual temperature value with the preset target wind speed or target temperature value, generates a control command, and sends it to the electric actuator.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention retains the uniformity of air supply from traditional perforated plate vents, and by driving the reciprocating movement of a movable adjusting plate, it changes the overlap of the openings in the double-plate stacked structure, allowing for a smooth transition between fully open, half-open, and fully closed states. It simultaneously achieves three major functions: uniform air supply, stepless air volume adjustment, and complete opening and closing. It can be flexibly adjusted according to room load and usage requirements, reducing ineffective air supply and unit load, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the ventilation and air conditioning system.

[0015] Meanwhile, by continuously sensing the actual environmental parameters of the room through sensors, the controller generates control commands based on preset values ​​and sensor feedback and sends them to the electric actuator to adjust the opening size of the perforated plate assembly and adjust the air volume in real time. This achieves automatic monitoring and precise control of room air volume and environment, realizing a leap from "manual mechanical" to "automatic intelligent", significantly improving comfort and energy-saving potential, and meeting the high-level requirements of modern intelligent buildings for digital and networked terminal equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the connection between the fixed perforated plate and the air vent frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the positioning shaft and the positioning waist-shaped hole of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Fixed perforated plate; 2. Movable adjusting plate; 3. Air outlet frame; 4. Positioning shaft; 5. Rotary handwheel; 6. Adjusting worm gear; 7. Adjusting worm wheel; 8. Adjusting screw; 9. Connecting block; 10. Worm gear fixing seat; 11. Connecting lug; 12. Positioning oblong hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example 1: As shown in the figure, the present invention includes an air vent frame 3 and a perforated plate assembly. The air vent frame 3 has a ventilation channel in the middle. The perforated plate assembly is located at the ventilation channel of the air vent frame 3. The perforated plate assembly is a double-plate stacked structure with openings. The perforated plate assembly is connected to an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can drive the perforated plate assembly to make the openings of the double-plate stacked structure misaligned, blocked, or overlapping.

[0029] The perforated plate assembly includes a fixed perforated plate 1 located on one side of the air vent frame 3 and a movable adjusting plate 2. The fixed perforated plate 1 has external ventilation holes on its surface, and the movable adjusting plate 2 has internal ventilation holes on its surface. The adjusting mechanism drives the movable adjusting plate 2 to reciprocate, causing the external and internal ventilation holes to be misaligned, obstructed, or overlapped. In this example, it is preferable that the fixed perforated plate 1 has multiple circular or strip-shaped external ventilation holes distributed on its surface, and the movable adjusting plate 2 has multiple circular or strip-shaped internal ventilation holes distributed on its surface. The structure and number of the external and internal ventilation holes are matched, allowing for misalignment, obstruction, or overlap.

[0030] Furthermore, the fixed perforated plate 1 is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the air vent frame 3, and the outer surface of the fixed perforated plate 1 is flush with the outer surface of the air vent frame 3. The movable adjustment plate 2 and the adjustment mechanism are located inside the air vent frame 3. Taking the fixed connection between the fixed perforated plate 1 and the air vent frame 3 as an example, the upper and lower surfaces of the air vent frame 3 are respectively provided with connecting ears 11. When the fixed perforated plate 1 is connected to the connecting ears 11 by bolts, the outer surface of the fixed perforated plate 1 is flush with the outer surface of the air vent frame 3. This arrangement makes the perforated plate assembly flush with or integrated with the outer frame of the air vent frame 3, and cleverly hides functional components such as the adjustment mechanism inside the air vent frame 3, making the product look neat and high-end, perfectly matching the modern interior decoration style, and enhancing the overall quality of the environment.

[0031] Meanwhile, the adjustment mechanism can drive the outer and inner ventilation holes of the continuously adjustable orifice plate assembly to form misalignment, obstruction, or overlap through threaded drive. The adjustment mechanism includes a drive unit and an adjustment screw 8 connected to the drive unit. The adjustment screw 8 is connected to the movable adjustment plate 2. The drive unit can cause the adjustment screw 8 to drive the movable adjustment plate 2 to reciprocate. The drive unit includes an adjustment worm gear 7 threadedly connected to the adjustment screw 8 and an adjustment worm 6 meshing with the adjustment worm gear 7. The surface of the movable adjustment plate 2 has a clearance waist-shaped hole. The adjustment worm 6 passes through the clearance waist-shaped hole of the movable adjustment plate 2 and the fixed orifice plate 1 and extends outward. The adjustment worm 6 can be connected to a rotary handwheel 5 or an electric actuator for manual or electric control of the opening size of the orifice plate assembly. Among them, two oppositely arranged connecting blocks 9 are fixedly connected to the upper inner side of the movable adjustment plate 2, and the two ends of the adjustment screw 8 are fixedly connected to the connecting blocks 9. A worm gear fixing seat 10 is fixedly connected to the air outlet frame 3 or the fixed hole plate 1. One end of the adjusting worm 6 is rotatably connected to the worm gear fixing seat 10. The worm gear fixing seat 10 is fixedly connected to two opposing connecting plates. The adjusting worm wheel 7 is rotatably connected between the two connecting plates. The adjusting screw 8 is threadedly connected to the adjusting worm wheel 7, passes through the two connecting plates, and is not connected to the two connecting plates. In addition, a positioning shaft 4 can be added to the movable adjusting plate 2. A positioning oblong hole 12 is opened on the fixed hole plate 1 at a position opposite to the positioning shaft 4. When the movable adjusting plate 2 moves back and forth, the positioning shaft 4 moves back and forth in the positioning oblong hole 12.

[0032] Example 2: This application also discloses a control system for an orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions. Based on the above-mentioned orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions, it includes: Temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect the actual temperature value in the room and transmit it to the controller in real time; The wind speed sensor is used to collect the actual wind speed value at the perforated plate vent and transmit it to the controller in real time; The controller is used to receive the actual temperature value and the actual wind speed value, and send control commands to the electric actuator; An electric actuator, connected to the adjusting worm gear, is used to receive the control command and drive the adjusting worm gear to rotate in order to adjust the opening size of the orifice plate assembly.

[0033] In this process, the controller compares the preset target wind speed or target temperature with the received actual wind speed and actual temperature values, generates a control command, and sends it to the electric actuator. The intelligent automatic adjustment process in this example is a typical "sensing-decision-execution" closed-loop control flow. The following uses "maintaining the set room temperature" as an example to explain its working steps in detail: Step 1: Parameter Acquisition The temperature and humidity sensor continuously monitors the actual temperature value (T_actual) in the room; the wind speed sensor continuously monitors the actual wind speed value (V_actual) at the air outlet (used to calculate air volume or monitor air supply status).

[0034] Step 2: Data Transmission and Reception Temperature and humidity sensors and wind speed sensors transmit the collected analog signals (such as 4-20mA, 0-10V) or digital signals (such as via RS-485) to the controller's input port in real time.

[0035] Step 3: Computational Analysis and Decision Making The controller's internal processor (such as an MCU) compares the received T_actual with the user- or system-preset target temperature value (T_set) and calculates the temperature deviation (ΔT = T_set - T_actual). The controller then analyzes and calculates the deviation ΔT according to a preset control algorithm (e.g., proportional-integral (PI) algorithm).

[0036] If ΔT>0 (room too cold): the algorithm calculates an instruction to reduce airflow (reduce air conditioning delivery); If ΔT < 0 (room overheating): the algorithm calculates an instruction to increase airflow (increase cooling air delivery); If ΔT=0: The algorithm outputs a command to maintain the current airflow.

[0037] The algorithm outputs a specific control signal value (e.g., a target opening value, or a signal that makes the actuator move).

[0038] Step 4: Command Output and Execution The controller sends a calculated control signal (such as a 0-10V DC voltage signal or a specific digital command) to the electric actuator. Upon receiving the command, the electric actuator's internal motor begins to rotate, which in turn drives the adjusting worm gear to rotate, adjusting the opening size of the orifice plate assembly, thereby changing the air vent opening. To increase airflow, the adjusting plate is rotated to increase the overlapping area of ​​the orifices; to decrease airflow, the adjusting plate is rotated to decrease the overlapping area of ​​the orifices.

[0039] Step 5: Effect Feedback and Closed-Loop Adjustment A change in the vent opening immediately alters the airflow, causing the room temperature T_actual to slowly change. The temperature and humidity sensor continuously monitors this change and feeds the new T_actual back to the controller. The controller then executes steps 3 and 4 again, fine-tuning the vent opening based on the new deviation value. This cycle repeats, forming a closed-loop negative feedback control system that ultimately dynamically and precisely stabilizes the room temperature around T_set, achieving automatic temperature control.

[0040] In addition to temperature control, the system can also operate in constant airflow mode. In this mode, the controller's core task is to maintain the set airflow. It receives signals from the wind speed sensor, compares them with the set airflow value (which can be converted into a set wind speed value), and directly controls the actuator to adjust the opening through a PI algorithm to counteract the interference caused by changes in static pressure within the duct and maintain a constant outlet airflow.

[0041] In summary, this invention, while retaining the uniformity of airflow from traditional perforated plate vents, alters the overlap of openings in the double-plate stacked structure by driving the reciprocating movement of a movable adjusting plate. This allows for a smooth transition between fully open, half-open, and fully closed states, simultaneously achieving three major functions: uniform airflow, stepless airflow adjustment, and complete opening / closing. It can be flexibly adjusted according to room load and usage requirements. Furthermore, by combining an electric actuator with sensors and a controller, the airflow is adjusted in real time, enabling automatic monitoring and precise control of room airflow and the environment. This reduces ineffective airflow and unit load, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the ventilation and air conditioning system, significantly enhancing comfort and energy-saving potential, and meeting the advanced requirements of modern intelligent buildings for digital and networked terminal equipment.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orifice plate air outlet with adjustable flow rate and opening / closing functions, characterized in that, It includes an air vent frame (3) and a perforated plate assembly. The air vent frame (3) has a ventilation channel in the middle, and the perforated plate assembly is located at the ventilation channel of the air vent frame (3). The perforated plate assembly is a double-plate stacked structure with openings. The perforated plate assembly is connected to an adjustment mechanism, which can drive the perforated plate assembly to make the openings of the double-plate stacked structure misaligned, blocked, or overlapping.

2. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated plate assembly includes a fixed perforated plate (1) disposed on one side of the air outlet frame (3) and a movable adjustable plate (2). The fixed perforated plate (1) has an external ventilation hole on its surface, and the movable adjusting plate (2) has an internal ventilation hole on its surface. The adjusting mechanism can drive the movable adjusting plate (2) to move back and forth, so that the external ventilation hole and the internal ventilation hole are misaligned, blocked or overlapped.

3. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed perforated plate (1) has multiple circular or strip-shaped external ventilation holes distributed on its surface, and the movable adjusting plate (2) has multiple circular or strip-shaped internal ventilation holes distributed on its surface. The external and internal ventilation holes are matched in structure and number, and can be misaligned, blocked or overlapped.

4. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed perforated plate (1) is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the air outlet frame (3), and the outer surface of the fixed perforated plate (1) is flush with the outer surface of the air outlet frame (3). The movable adjustment plate (2) and the adjustment mechanism are located inside the air outlet frame (3).

5. The orifice plate vent with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism can drive the external and internal ventilation holes of the continuously variable adjustment orifice plate assembly to form misalignment, obstruction, or overlap through threaded drive.

6. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a drive unit and an adjustment screw (8) connected to the drive unit. The adjusting screw (8) is connected to the movable adjusting plate (2), and the driving unit enables the adjusting screw (8) to drive the movable adjusting plate (2) to move back and forth. The drive unit includes an adjusting worm gear (7) threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (8) and an adjusting worm (6) meshing with the adjusting worm gear (7). The movable adjustment plate (2) has a clearance waist-shaped hole on its surface, and the adjustment worm (6) passes through the clearance waist-shaped hole of the movable adjustment plate (2) and the fixing hole plate (1) and is set outward.

7. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 6, characterized in that, A worm gear fixing seat (10) is fixedly connected to the air outlet frame (3) or the fixing plate (1), and one end of the adjusting worm (6) is rotatably connected to the worm gear fixing seat (10). The worm gear fixing seat (10) is fixedly connected to two oppositely arranged connecting plates, and the adjusting worm wheel (7) is rotatably connected between the two connecting plates.

8. The perforated plate air outlet with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable adjustment plate (2) is provided with a positioning shaft (4), and the fixed hole plate (1) is provided with a positioning waist-shaped hole (12) at a position relative to the positioning shaft (4). When the movable adjustment plate (2) moves back and forth, the positioning shaft (4) moves back and forth in the positioning waist-shaped hole (12).

9. A control system for an orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions, based on the orifice plate vent with flow rate regulation and opening / closing functions described in claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect the actual temperature value in the room and transmit it to the controller in real time; The wind speed sensor is used to collect the actual wind speed value at the perforated plate vent and transmit it to the controller in real time; The controller is used to receive the actual temperature value and the actual wind speed value, and send control commands to the electric actuator; An electric actuator, connected to the adjusting worm (6), is used to receive the control command and drive the adjusting worm (6) to rotate in order to adjust the opening size of the orifice plate assembly.

10. The control system for an orifice plate vent with flow rate adjustment and opening / closing functions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The controller compares the preset target wind speed or target temperature with the received actual wind speed and actual temperature values, generates control commands, and sends them to the electric actuator.

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